CN115584418A - Magnesium-lithium alloy and component - Google Patents
Magnesium-lithium alloy and component Download PDFInfo
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- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- GCICAPWZNUIIDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium magnesium Chemical compound [Li].[Mg] GCICAPWZNUIIDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 235000015842 Hesperis Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000012633 Iberis amara Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 33
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 27
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000010274 multidirectional forging Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013079 quasicrystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018137 Al-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017073 AlLi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018573 Al—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000952 Be alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- -1 LA103Z Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019400 Mg—Li Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000691 Re alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000905 alloy phase Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- AHLBNYSZXLDEJQ-FWEHEUNISA-N orlistat Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC[C@H](OC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC=O)C[C@@H]1OC(=O)[C@H]1CCCCCC AHLBNYSZXLDEJQ-FWEHEUNISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
Abstract
The invention provides a magnesium-lithium alloy and a component. The magnesium-lithium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 9.5-11.5%, al:2.0-4.0%, zn:0.2-1.0%, RE:0.05 to 4.0 percent of magnesium, other inevitable impurity elements and the balance of magnesium. Through rare earth alloying and alloy element proportion regulation, the alloy has low density and excellent mechanical properties, especially high-temperature mechanical properties, and makes up the defect that the conventional magnesium-lithium alloy material with similar density has low mechanical properties at higher temperature. The method has wide application prospect in the field of aerospace crafts such as missiles, satellites, deep space probes, carrier rockets and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnesium-lithium alloys, in particular to an ultralight heat-resistant magnesium-lithium alloy and a component.
Background
The magnesium-lithium alloy is the lightest metal structure material in practical application, the density of the magnesium-lithium alloy is 1/4-1/3 lighter than that of common Mg-Al-Zn, mg-Zn-Zr and Mg-RE alloy, and the density of the magnesium-lithium alloy is 1/3-1/2 lighter than that of the aluminum alloy, so the magnesium-lithium alloy is called as ultra-light alloy. As early as 1910, german scholars found that the addition of Li with different contents in magnesium can cause the transformation of alloy phase structure, and the transformation of magnesium-lithium alloy structure can reduce c/a axial ratio, reduce critical shear strain, enable a slip system to be activated more easily, and greatly improve the ductility of the alloy. In the 60 s of the 20 th century, the American NASA center developed a great deal of research work on magnesium-lithium alloys aiming at components of space shuttles, artificial satellites and rockets for launching, developed magnesium-lithium alloys such as LA141, LA91, LAZ933 and the like, replaced part of conventional magnesium alloys, aluminum alloys and beryllium alloy materials, and applied to the Au booster and a plurality of satellite components launched by the Au booster. China has relatively late research in the field of magnesium-lithium alloy, and currently, national standard marks of magnesium-lithium such as LA103Z, LA43M and the like are developed. In China, on a plurality of models such as ' Pujiang I ', ' communication technology test satellite III ', ' Tian-Wen I ' and ' Chang ' E five ', magnesium-lithium alloy is used for producing parts such as embedded parts, supports, case shells and the like from 2015, so that the quality of a structural system is reduced.
With the rapid development of aerospace and weaponry in China, higher requirements are put forward on the comprehensive performance of the ultralight magnesium-lithium alloy, particularly the high-temperature performance. In general, as the addition amount of Li element increases, the density decreases and the strength also decreases in the magnesium alloy; alloying and element proportion optimization are needed to improve the comprehensive performance of the alloy and realize good combination of density and strength. At present, most researches on novel magnesium-lithium alloy materials focus on the aspects of room-temperature mechanical property, corrosion resistance and the like, and the researches on high-temperature properties are less. The Chinese invention patent with the application number of 200410096186.1 discloses a lithium-containing magnesium alloy material, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 8-12wt% of Li,6-8wt% of Al,1-3wt% of Zn,0.01-0.2wt% of Ca,0.01-0.2wt% of Mn,1-2wt% of Sc, 4-6 wt% of rare earth elements and the balance of Mg. However, the rare earth element added in the invention has high content, which leads to significant increase of cost and density, and the rare earth element with too high content easily causes cracking of the cast rod after casting under the action of stress, thus reducing yield.
At present, the weight-reducing pair density of aircrafts such as missiles, satellites, deep space probes, carrier rockets and the like is less than 1.55g/cm 3 The ultra-light magnesium-lithium alloy has urgent needs. The conventional alloys such as LA103Z, LA91 and LAZ911 have a density of 1.50-1.55g/cm 3 Within the range, but with the increase of service temperature, the alloy strength is greatly reduced, and the tensile strength is usually not more than 120MPa at 100 ℃, so that the alloy is difficult to meet the higher service performance requirement of aerospace equipment. Therefore, the development of a novel ultralight heat-resistant magnesium-lithium alloy with low density and excellent room-temperature and high-temperature mechanical properties has extremely important significance for popularizing the application of magnesium alloy materials in the fields of aerospace, national defense, military industry and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem of mechanical properties in the prior art, the invention provides a magnesium-lithium alloy material with low density and excellent mechanical properties at room temperature and high temperature on one hand. The magnesium-lithium alloy material has low density, excellent room temperature and high temperature mechanical properties, good ductility and excellent processability, and is suitable for large-scale production and application. Another aspect of the invention provides a magnesium lithium alloy component comprising the magnesium lithium alloy described above.
The invention provides a magnesium-lithium alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
Li：9.5-11.5％、
Al：2.0-4.0％、
Zn：0.2-1.0％、
RE：0.05-4.0％；
other inevitable impurity elements and the balance of magnesium.
And RE is a rare earth element.
According to the magnesium-lithium alloy provided by the invention, preferably, the magnesium alloy material comprises inevitable impurity elements such as Si, fe, cu and the like, wherein Si is less than or equal to 0.05%, fe is less than or equal to 0.005%, cu is less than or equal to 0.005%, and the total content of the rest other elements is not more than 0.30%.
According to the magnesium-lithium alloy provided by the invention, preferably, the mass percentage of Li in the magnesium-lithium alloy is 9.8-11.0%.
According to the magnesium-lithium alloy provided by the invention, preferably, the mass percentage of Al in the magnesium-lithium alloy is 2.5-3.5%.
According to the magnesium-lithium alloy provided by the invention, preferably, the mass percentage of Zn in the magnesium-lithium alloy is as follows: 0.4 to 0.8 percent.
According to the magnesium-lithium alloy provided by the invention, preferably, RE in the magnesium-lithium alloy comprises Gd, Y or a mixed element of the Gd and the Y, and the mass percentage is 0.1-3.0%.
According to the magnesium-lithium alloy provided by the invention, when RE in the magnesium-lithium alloy is Gd and Y, the mass ratio of Gd to Y = (0.01-100) = (1) is preferred.
According to the magnesium-lithium alloy provided by the invention, the total content of impurities in the magnesium-lithium alloy is preferably not more than 0.05%.
The invention also provides a magnesium-lithium alloy part which contains the magnesium-lithium alloy.
Advantageous effects
1. According to the invention, through rare earth alloying and alloy element proportion regulation and control, the developed novel ultralight heat-resistant magnesium-lithium alloy has low density and excellent mechanical properties, especially high-temperature mechanical properties, and makes up the defect that the existing magnesium-lithium alloy material with similar density has low mechanical properties at higher temperature.
2. The magnesium-lithium alloy material provided by the invention has the advantages of high elongation, good plastic deformation capability and high yield, and is suitable for batch production.
Other technical features and advantages of the present invention may be seen in the detailed description.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microstructure view of a magnesium-lithium alloy in example 1.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For numerical ranges, each range between its endpoints and individual point values, and each individual point value can be combined with each other to give one or more new numerical ranges, and such numerical ranges should be construed as specifically disclosed herein.
Throughout the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the contents of the respective components are all weight percentages, and the ratios of the respective components are all weight percentages.
One embodiment of the present invention provides a magnesium-lithium alloy comprising, in weight percent:
Li：9.5-11.5％、
Al：2.0-4.0％、
Zn：0.2-1.0％、
RE：0.05-4.0％；
other inevitable impurity elements and the balance of magnesium.
The RE refers to rare earth elements.
According to the magnesium-lithium alloy provided by the invention, preferably, the magnesium alloy material comprises inevitable impurity elements such as Si, fe, cu and the like, wherein Si is less than or equal to 0.05%, fe is less than or equal to 0.005%, cu is less than or equal to 0.005%, and the total content of the rest other elements is not more than 0.30%.
According to the magnesium-lithium alloy provided by the invention, preferably, the mass percentage of Li in the magnesium-lithium alloy is 9.8-11.0%.
The Mg alloy is added with Li element, so that the alloy density can be reduced, along with the increase of Li content, a body-centered cubic structure beta-Li phase appears in the structure, the alloy plasticity is improved, but the strength is reduced, and the invention controls the Li content to be 9.5-11.5%, thereby obtaining good comprehensive properties of density, strength and plasticity. Based on the requirements of comprehensive properties of density, strength and plasticity, the mass percent of Li in the magnesium-lithium alloy is further preferably 9.8-11.0%.
According to the magnesium-lithium alloy provided by the invention, preferably, the mass percentage of Al in the magnesium-lithium alloy is 2.5-3.5%.
The research shows that Al and Zn have larger solid solubility in Mg and obviously reduce with the reduction of temperature, so that the strength of the magnesium-lithium alloy can be improved by solid solution strengthening and second phase strengthening. In addition, al and Zn elements can increase the fluidity of the magnesium-lithium alloy melt and improve the vacuum casting performance. After Al and Zn are added, mgLi2Al and MgLi2Zn strengthening phases are respectively formed in the aging process of the alloy. In the invention, the mass fraction of Zn is not more than 1%, and MgLi2Zn phase is less and mainly MgLi2Al phase is in the aging process.
According to the magnesium-lithium alloy provided by the invention, preferably, the mass percentage of Zn in the magnesium-lithium alloy is as follows: 0.4 to 0.8 percent.
According to the invention, the Zn content in the magnesium-lithium alloy is controlled to be 0.2-1.0%, if the Zn content is too low, the solid solution strengthening and MgLi2Zn phase precipitation strengthening effects are greatly weakened, and the alloy strength is reduced; if the Zn content is too high, the density is large (p =7.14 g/cm) 3 ) The alloy density is obviously increased, and a metastable MgLi2Zn strengthening phase precipitated by aging is easy to be converted into a stable MgLiZn softening phase, so that an aging softening phenomenon is generated, and the alloy strength is reduced; in addition, high Zn content reduces the elongation of the alloy, and the alloy is easy to break early when stressed, so that the ultimate strength is difficult to achieve. Further preferably, the Zn content in the Mg-Li alloy is controlled to be between 0.4 and 0.8 percent.
According to the magnesium-lithium alloy provided by the invention, preferably, RE in the magnesium-lithium alloy comprises Gd, Y or a mixed element of the Gd and the Y, and the mass percentage is 0.1-3.0%.
According to the magnesium-lithium alloy provided by the invention, when RE in the magnesium-lithium alloy is Gd and Y, the mass ratio of Gd to Y = (0.01-100) = (1) is preferred.
The invention adds proper amount of RE in the magnesium-lithium alloy, and the function comprises the following points:
1. the mechanical properties of the alloy at room temperature and high temperature are obviously improved, and the main reasons are as follows: (1) Gd and Y have higher solid solubility in Mg, and have larger size difference with Mg atoms to cause magnesium crystal lattices to be distorted, thereby achieving the solid solution strengthening effect; (2) Gd and Y elements can react with Al elements to generate Al3Gd and Al2Y high-temperature stable phases, dislocation slippage is effectively pinned, and strength is improved; meanwhile, the movement of a crystal boundary is hindered, and the growth of recrystallized grains is inhibited, so that fine grain strengthening is realized; (3) Al3Gd and Al2Y phases consume Al elements, so that the transformation of metastable MgLi2Al strengthening phase to AlLi softening phase in the aging process is reduced, and the aging softening phenomenon of the alloy is inhibited. (4) Gd, Y and Zn can form a quasicrystal phase, on one hand, the transformation from beta-Li to alpha-Mg is effectively inhibited, and on the other hand, the quasicrystal phase is a high-temperature stable phase, which is very beneficial to inhibiting aging softening and improving the thermal stability of the alloy.
2. Gd and Y improve the percentage of a body-centered cubic structure beta-Li phase and a close-packed hexagonal structure alpha-Mg phase, namely, the composition of the alpha-Mg phase which is difficult to deform is reduced, and the alloy plasticity is further improved.
According to the beneficial effects of each alloy element in the magnesium alloy, the proportion of each alloy element is optimized, and the casting performance, the comprehensive mechanical property and the processing performance of the alloy are effectively improved while the lower density of the magnesium-lithium alloy is ensured. Preparing a high-quality magnesium-lithium alloy cast rod with the diameter of 200-300mm and the length of 350-600mm by vacuum casting and turning, and preparing a magnesium-lithium alloy deformed blank with the diameter of 220-240mm and the length of more than 280mm by large-plasticity thermal deformation processing after turning the cast rod; the tensile strength at room temperature of the blank after aging heat treatment is more than or equal to 210MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 190MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 20 percent; the tensile strength is more than or equal to 140MPa at 100 ℃, the yield strength is more than or equal to 120MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 25%.
When the preparation process route is the same and the Li content is less than 9.5 percent, the material density is difficult to control at 1.53g/cm 3 The weight reduction benefit in practical application is not significant; when the Li content is more than 11.5 percent, the mechanical properties of the material at room temperature and high temperature are low, and the use requirement is difficult to meet.
When the preparation process routes are the same, and the RE content is less than 0.05%, the solid solution strengthening, fine grain strengthening and second phase strengthening effects generated by the RE element are not obvious, the aging softening phenomenon cannot be effectively inhibited, and the difference between the mechanical properties of the material and the RE-free alloy is small; when the RE content is more than 4.0 percent, more coarse Al-RE second phases appear in the structure, which is not beneficial to the exertion of plasticity, and the elongation and the strength of the alloy are reduced.
When the preparation process routes are the same, compared with the magnesium-lithium alloy without RE, the magnesium-lithium alloy with the RE content in the range of 0.02-5.0% respectively improves the tensile strength, the yield strength and the elongation at room temperature by at least 8%, 10% and 10%, respectively improves the tensile strength, the yield strength and the elongation at 100 ℃ by at least 20%, 25% and 15%, and obviously improves the mechanical properties, especially the high-temperature mechanical properties, of the magnesium-lithium alloy by adding the RE element.
According to the magnesium-lithium alloy provided by the invention, the total content of impurities in the magnesium-lithium alloy is preferably not more than 0.05%.
The invention provides a magnesium-lithium alloy component, which contains the magnesium-lithium alloy.
The parts are preferably parts used by aerospace vehicles such as missiles, satellites, deep space probes, carrier rockets and the like. The processing method of the part can be one or more of forging, ring rolling, spinning, extruding and the like.
The present invention will now be described in detail by way of specific embodiments, which are merely illustrative of some embodiments of the invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited to the examples described below.
The tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and other properties of the products obtained in the following examples are tested according to GB/T228.1-2010 and GB/T228.2-2015 standards.
The microstructure photographs of the products obtained in the examples were measured by scanning electron microscopy.
Example 1:
the invention relates to a magnesium-lithium alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: li:9.8%, al:2.8%, zn:0.5%, gd:2.1%, and the impurities comprise inevitable impurity elements such as Fe, si, cu and the like, wherein the ratio of Fe:0.0033%, si:0.024%, cu:0.0011%, the total impurity content is about 0.012%, and the balance is Mg. The alloy is subjected to vacuum casting and turning to obtain a casting rod with the diameter of 220mm and the length of 420mm, and then a magnesium-lithium alloy deformed blank with the diameter of 240mm and the length of 345mm is prepared through plastic deformation processing. The plastic deformation processing adopts a multidirectional forging mode, the cast bar is placed into a resistance furnace for preheating and heat preservation before forging, the preheating temperature is set to be 250 ℃, the heat preservation time is 8 hours, a forging chopping board is preheated to be 260 ℃, the deformation of a multidirectional forging single pass is 10-30%, the forging pass is 26 passes, and the ingot blank is axially transformed for 1 time. And then, placing the forged piece at 210 ℃ for heat preservation for 2h for aging treatment. The microstructure of the aging sample is shown in figure 1, and a large number of granular Al-Gd second phases which are dispersed and distributed exist in the microstructure and belong to a high-temperature strengthening phase. The alloy density, room temperature and 100 ℃ tensile strength after aging treatment, yield strength and elongation are shown in table 1.
Example 2:
the invention relates to a magnesium-lithium alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: li:10.2%, al:3.0%, zn:0.4%, Y:1.8%, and the impurities comprise inevitable impurity elements such as Fe, si, cu and the like, wherein the ratio of Fe:0.0018%, si:0.031%, cu:0.0007%, total impurity content about 0.01%, and the balance of Mg. The alloy is subjected to vacuum casting and turning processing to obtain a casting rod with the diameter of 220mm and the length of 420mm, and then a magnesium-lithium alloy deformed blank with the diameter of 240mm and the length of 345mm is prepared through plastic deformation processing. The plastic deformation processing adopts a multidirectional forging mode, the cast bar is placed into a resistance furnace for preheating and heat preservation before forging, the preheating temperature is set to be 250 ℃, the heat preservation time is 8 hours, a forging chopping board is preheated to be 260 ℃, the deformation of a multidirectional forging single pass is 10-30%, the forging pass is 26 passes, and the ingot blank is axially transformed for 1 time. And then, placing the forged piece at 210 ℃ for heat preservation for 2h for aging treatment. The alloy density, room temperature and 100 ℃ tensile strength after aging treatment, yield strength and elongation are shown in table 1.
Example 3:
the invention relates to a magnesium-lithium alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: li:11.3%, al:2.6%, zn:1.0%, gd:1.2%, Y:1.1%, and the impurities comprise inevitable impurity elements such as Fe, si, cu and the like, wherein the ratio of Fe:0.0036%, si:0.014%, cu:0.0015%, total impurity content of about 0.047%, and the balance of Mg. The alloy is subjected to vacuum casting and turning to obtain a casting rod with the diameter of 240mm and the length of 550mm, and then a magnesium-lithium alloy deformation blank with the diameter of 230mm and the length of 590mm is prepared through plastic deformation processing. The plastic deformation processing adopts a multidirectional forging mode, the cast bar is placed into a resistance furnace for preheating and heat preservation before forging, the preheating temperature is set to be 280 ℃, the heat preservation time is 8 hours, a forging chopping board is preheated to be 280 ℃, the deformation of a multidirectional forging single pass is 10-35%, the forging pass is 32, and the ingot blank is axially transformed for 1 time. And then, placing the forging at 210 ℃ for heat preservation for 2h for aging treatment. The alloy density, room temperature and 100 ℃ tensile strength after aging treatment, yield strength and elongation are shown in table 1.
Example 4:
the invention relates to a magnesium-lithium alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: li:11.0%, al:3.5%, zn:0.9%, Y:0.08 percent, and impurities comprise inevitable impurity elements such as Fe, si, cu and the like, wherein the ratio of Fe:0.0017%, si:0.023%, cu:0.0017%, total impurity content of about 0.029%, and the balance of Mg. The alloy is subjected to vacuum casting and turning processing to obtain a casting rod with the diameter of 240mm and the length of 550mm, and then a magnesium-lithium alloy deformation blank with the diameter of 230mm and the length of 590mm is prepared through plastic deformation processing. The plastic deformation processing adopts a multidirectional forging mode, a cast bar is placed into a resistance furnace for preheating and heat preservation before forging, the preheating temperature is set to be 280 ℃, the heat preservation time is 8 hours, a forging cutting board is preheated to be 280 ℃, the deformation of a multidirectional forging single pass is 10-35%, the forging pass is 32, and the ingot blank is axially transformed for 1 time. And then, placing the forging at 210 ℃ for heat preservation for 2h for aging treatment. The alloy density, room temperature and 100 ℃ tensile strength after aging treatment, yield strength and elongation are shown in table 1.
Example 5:
the invention relates to a magnesium-lithium alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: li:9.5%, al:3.0%, zn:0.8%, gd:0.4%, and the impurities comprise inevitable impurity elements such as Fe, si, cu and the like, wherein the ratio of Fe:0.002%, si:0.017%, cu:0.0009%, total impurity content of about 0.034%, and the balance of Mg. The alloy is subjected to vacuum casting and turning processing to obtain a casting rod with the diameter of 240mm and the length of 550mm, and then a magnesium-lithium alloy deformation blank with the diameter of 230mm and the length of 590mm is prepared through plastic deformation processing. The plastic deformation processing adopts a multidirectional forging mode, the cast bar is placed into a resistance furnace for preheating and heat preservation before forging, the preheating temperature is set to be 280 ℃, the heat preservation time is 8 hours, a forging chopping board is preheated to be 280 ℃, the deformation of a multidirectional forging single pass is 10-35%, the forging pass is 32, and the ingot blank is axially transformed for 1 time. And then, placing the forged piece at 210 ℃ for heat preservation for 2h for aging treatment. The alloy density, room temperature and 100 ℃ tensile strength after aging treatment, yield strength and elongation are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1:
the magnesium-lithium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: li:10.1%, al:2.7%, zn:0.5 percent, and the impurities comprise inevitable impurity elements such as Fe, si, cu and the like, wherein the ratio of Fe:0.0025%, si:0.013%, cu:0.0004%, total impurity content of about 0.025%, and the balance of Mg. The alloy is subjected to vacuum casting and turning processing to obtain a casting rod with the diameter of 220mm and the length of 420mm, and then a magnesium-lithium alloy deformed blank with the diameter of 240mm and the length of 345mm is prepared through plastic deformation processing. The plastic deformation processing adopts a multidirectional forging mode, the cast bar is placed into a resistance furnace for preheating and heat preservation before forging, the preheating temperature is set to be 250 ℃, the heat preservation time is 8 hours, a forging chopping board is preheated to be 260 ℃, the deformation of a multidirectional forging single pass is 10-30%, the forging pass is 26 passes, and the ingot blank is axially transformed for 1 time. And then, placing the forged piece at 210 ℃ for heat preservation for 2h for aging treatment. The density, room temperature and 100 ℃ tensile strength after aging treatment, yield strength and elongation are shown in Table 1. As shown in the table, the magnesium-lithium alloy of comparative example 1, to which no RE element was added, had tensile strength, yield strength and elongation at room temperature and 100 ℃ which were significantly lower than those of examples 1 to 5.
Comparative example 2:
the magnesium-lithium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: li:10.4%, al:3.0%, zn:0.9%, gd:5.2%, and the impurities comprise inevitable impurity elements such as Fe, si, cu and the like, wherein the ratio of Fe:0.0021%, si:0.018%, cu:0.0007%, total impurity content about 0.03%, and the balance Mg. The alloy is subjected to vacuum casting and turning to obtain a casting rod with the diameter of 220mm and the length of 420mm, and then a magnesium-lithium alloy deformed blank with the diameter of 240mm and the length of 345mm is prepared through plastic deformation processing. The plastic deformation processing adopts a multidirectional forging mode, the cast bar is placed into a resistance furnace for preheating and heat preservation before forging, the preheating temperature is set to be 250 ℃, the heat preservation time is 8 hours, a forging chopping board is preheated to be 260 ℃, the deformation of a multidirectional forging single pass is 10-30%, the forging pass is 26 passes, and the ingot blank is axially transformed for 1 time. And then, placing the forging at 210 ℃ for heat preservation for 2h for aging treatment. The density, room temperature and 100 ℃ tensile strength after aging treatment, yield strength and elongation are shown in Table 1. As shown in the table, the magnesium-lithium alloy of comparative example 2 has Gd > 4.0%, a density higher than that of examples 1 to 5, and tensile strength, yield strength and elongation at room temperature and 100 ℃ lower than those of examples 1 to 5.
Comparative example 3:
the magnesium-lithium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: li:9.9%, al:3.1%, zn:2.5%, gd:2.4%, and the impurities comprise inevitable impurity elements such as Fe, si, cu and the like, wherein the ratio of Fe:0.0031%, si:0.026%, cu:0.0014%, total impurity content of about 0.05%, and the balance of Mg. The alloy is subjected to vacuum casting and turning processing to obtain a casting rod with the diameter of 220mm and the length of 420mm, and then a magnesium-lithium alloy deformed blank with the diameter of 240mm and the length of 345mm is prepared through plastic deformation processing. The plastic deformation processing adopts a multidirectional forging mode, a cast bar is placed into a resistance furnace for preheating and heat preservation before forging, the preheating temperature is set to be 250 ℃, the heat preservation time is 8 hours, a forging cutting board is preheated to be 260 ℃, the deformation of a multidirectional forging single pass is 10-30%, the forging pass is 26 passes, and the ingot blank is axially transformed for 1 time. And then, placing the forging at 210 ℃ for heat preservation for 2h for aging treatment. The density, room temperature and 100 ℃ tensile strength after aging treatment, yield strength and elongation are shown in Table 1. As shown in the table, the magnesium-lithium alloy of comparative example 3 has Zn > 1.0%, a density higher than that of examples 1 to 5, and tensile strength, yield strength and elongation at room temperature and 100 ℃ lower than those of examples 1 to 5.
Comparative example 4:
the magnesium-lithium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: li:12.4%, al:2.7%, zn:1.0%, gd:1.9%, Y:2.0 percent, and the impurities comprise inevitable impurity elements such as Fe, si, cu and the like, wherein the ratio of Fe:0.0015%, si:0.032%, cu:0.0006%, total impurity content of about 0.034%, and the balance of Mg. The alloy is subjected to vacuum casting and turning to obtain a casting rod with the diameter of 240mm and the length of 550mm, and then a magnesium-lithium alloy deformation blank with the diameter of 230mm and the length of 590mm is prepared through plastic deformation processing. The plastic deformation processing adopts a multidirectional forging mode, the cast bar is placed into a resistance furnace for preheating and heat preservation before forging, the preheating temperature is set to be 280 ℃, the heat preservation time is 8 hours, a forging chopping board is preheated to be 280 ℃, the deformation of a multidirectional forging single pass is 10-35%, the forging pass is 32, and the ingot blank is axially transformed for 1 time. And then, placing the forging at 210 ℃ for heat preservation for 2h for aging treatment. The density, room temperature and 100 ℃ tensile strength after aging treatment, yield strength and elongation are shown in Table 1. As seen from the table, in the magnesium-lithium alloy of comparative example 4, li is more than 11.5%, and the tensile strength and yield strength at room temperature and 100 ℃ are significantly lower than those of examples 1 to 5.
TABLE 1 mechanical Properties of magnesium-lithium alloys in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 4
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various features described in the foregoing embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition. In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A magnesium-lithium alloy, characterized in that it comprises, in weight percent:
Li：9.5-11.5％、
Al：2.0-4.0％、
Zn：0.2-1.0％、
RE：0.05-4.0％；
other inevitable impurity elements and the balance of magnesium;
and RE is a rare earth element.
2. The magnesium-lithium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium alloy material contains unavoidable impurity elements such as Si, fe, cu, etc., wherein Si is 0.05% or less, fe is 0.005% or less, cu is 0.005% or less, and the total content of the remaining other elements is not more than 0.30%.
3. The magnesium-lithium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentage of Li in the magnesium-lithium alloy is 9.8-11.0%.
4. The magnesium lithium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentage of Al in the magnesium lithium alloy is 2.5-3.5%.
5. The magnesium-lithium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentage of Zn in the magnesium-lithium alloy is as follows: 0.4 to 0.8 percent.
6. The magnesium-lithium alloy according to claim 1, wherein RE comprises Gd, Y or a mixture of Gd and Y, and the mass percentage of RE in the magnesium-lithium alloy is 0.1-3.0%.
7. The magnesium-lithium alloy according to claim 6, wherein when RE in the magnesium-lithium alloy is Gd and Y is mixed, the mass ratio of Gd: Y = (0.01-100): 1.
8. The magnesium lithium alloy of claim 1, wherein the total content of impurities in the magnesium lithium alloy is no more than 0.05%.
9. A magnesium lithium alloy component comprising the magnesium lithium alloy of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The magnesium lithium alloy component of claim 9, wherein the magnesium lithium alloy component is a component for use on a missile, satellite, deep space probe, or launch vehicle.
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| CN109136704A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-04 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of single-phase (α phase) magnesium lithium alloy material of high intensity and preparation method thereof |
| CN112442620A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-03-05 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | 300 MPa-grade magnesium-lithium alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114367611A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-04-19 | 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 | Magnesium alloy revolving body structural part and preparation process thereof |
| CN115161527A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-10-11 | 郑州轻研合金科技有限公司 | High-strength weldable magnesium-lithium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109136704A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-04 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of single-phase (α phase) magnesium lithium alloy material of high intensity and preparation method thereof |
| CN112442620A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-03-05 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | 300 MPa-grade magnesium-lithium alloy material and preparation method thereof |
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