CN115582085A - A system and method for laboratory preparation of supercritical multi-component thermal fluid - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于海上稠油热采技术领域,涉及一种用于实验室制备超临界多元热流体的系统及方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of offshore heavy oil thermal recovery, and relates to a system and method for preparing supercritical multi-element thermal fluid in a laboratory.
背景技术Background technique
稠油作为一种重要的石油资源,在世界范围内广泛分布。随着对石油需求的不断增长,我国对稠油的开发力度也在逐渐加大。超临界多元热流体具有高溶解、高扩散、高反应等特点,近年来为改善海上稠油开发效果,注超临界多元热流体开采稠油技术被提出并迅速开展应用研究,为矿场应用打下了一定的基础。As an important petroleum resource, heavy oil is widely distributed in the world. With the continuous growth of demand for oil, my country's efforts to develop heavy oil are gradually increasing. Supercritical multi-element thermal fluid has the characteristics of high solubility, high diffusion, and high reaction. In recent years, in order to improve the development effect of offshore heavy oil, the technology of supercritical multi-element thermal fluid injection for heavy oil production has been proposed and applied research has been carried out rapidly, laying a solid foundation for mine application. established a certain foundation.
在使用注超临界多元热流体技术进行海上稠油开采时,超临界多元热流体对储层的加热效果是影响稠油开发效果的重要因素,而超临界多元热流体中各组分的比例以及温压条件发生变化时,其反应放热能力及携热量也会发生变化,进而会对注超临界多元热流体技术的应用效果产生影响。因此,在应用注超临界多元热流体技术进行稠油开发前,如果能够通过某种方法制备得到不同原料比例及不同温压条件下的超临界多元热流体,并对其反应放热及携热能力进行分析及优化,将有效改善该技术在稠油油藏中的应用效果。因此亟需一种能够在实验室制备不同原料比例及不同温压条件下超临界多元热流体并分析其反应放热和携热能力的研究方法。When supercritical multi-component thermal fluid injection technology is used for offshore heavy oil production, the heating effect of supercritical multi-component thermal fluid on the reservoir is an important factor affecting the development effect of heavy oil, and the proportion of components in supercritical multi-component thermal fluid and When the temperature and pressure conditions change, the reaction heat release capacity and heat transfer capacity will also change, which in turn will affect the application effect of supercritical multi-component thermal fluid injection technology. Therefore, before the application of supercritical multi-component thermal fluid injection technology for heavy oil development, if supercritical multi-component thermal fluids with different raw material ratios and different temperature and pressure conditions can be prepared by a certain method, and the heat released and carried by the reaction The ability to analyze and optimize will effectively improve the application effect of this technology in heavy oil reservoirs. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a research method that can prepare supercritical multi-component thermal fluids in the laboratory under different raw material ratios and different temperature and pressure conditions, and analyze their reaction heat release and heat carrying capacity.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种用于实验室制备超临界多元热流体的系统及方法。The object of the present invention is to provide a system and method for laboratory preparation of supercritical multi-component thermal fluid.
本发明能便捷的在实验室条件下进行超临界多元热流体的制备,通过对实验过程中原料比例以及反应釜温压条件的控制,可以制备出不同温压条件下以及不同组分比例的超临界多元热流体。实验结束后,利用色谱仪明确产出的超临界多元热流体组分,结合制备过程记录的反应釜温压数据,能够进一步对不同原料比例及不同温压条件下制备的超临界多元热流体的反应放热及携热量进行分析,进而对制备超临界多元热流体过程中的进料比例以及温压条件进行优化,分析结果可以作为参考供稠油油藏开发现场的技术人员使用。The invention can conveniently prepare supercritical multi-component thermal fluid under laboratory conditions. By controlling the ratio of raw materials and the temperature and pressure conditions of the reactor during the experiment, supercritical fluids under different temperature and pressure conditions and different component ratios can be prepared. Critical Multicomponent Thermal Fluids. After the experiment, the composition of the produced supercritical multivariate thermal fluid was determined using a chromatograph, combined with the temperature and pressure data of the reactor recorded during the preparation process, it was possible to further analyze the composition of the supercritical multicomponent thermal fluid prepared under different raw material ratios and different temperature and pressure conditions. The reaction heat release and carried heat are analyzed, and then the feed ratio and temperature and pressure conditions in the process of preparing supercritical multi-component thermal fluid are optimized. The analysis results can be used as a reference for technical personnel in the field of heavy oil reservoir development.
本发明提供了一种用于实验室制备超临界多元热流体的系统,包括:The invention provides a system for laboratory preparation of supercritical multi-element thermal fluid, comprising:
高温高压反应釜,及分别连接于所述高温高压反应釜上的2个中间容器、取样袋、计算机和一试管;A high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle, and 2 intermediate containers, a sampling bag, a computer and a test tube respectively connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle;
所述2个中间容器与所述高温高压反应釜之间管路上设置一单向阀;所述2个中间容器均通过高精度恒压恒流泵驱动;A one-way valve is arranged on the pipeline between the two intermediate containers and the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor; the two intermediate containers are driven by high-precision constant-pressure constant-flow pumps;
所述取样袋通过手摇泵控制出口压力,所述取样袋与所述手摇泵之间设置回压阀;The outlet pressure of the sampling bag is controlled by a hand pump, and a back pressure valve is set between the sampling bag and the hand pump;
所述计算机与所述高温高压反应釜之间的管路上设置温压探针;A temperature and pressure probe is arranged on the pipeline between the computer and the high temperature and high pressure reactor;
上述部件之间均通过管路连接,且管路上均设置阀门。The above components are all connected by pipelines, and valves are arranged on the pipelines.
本发明中,所述高温高压反应釜,用于控制温度和压力条件以制备超临界多元热流体;所述试管,用于收集反应后的液态产物;In the present invention, the high temperature and high pressure reactor is used to control temperature and pressure conditions to prepare supercritical multi-component thermal fluid; the test tube is used to collect the liquid product after reaction;
所述2个中间容器,分别用于提供氧气和氮气;The two intermediate containers are used to provide oxygen and nitrogen respectively;
所述取样袋,用于收集反应后的气态产物;The sampling bag is used to collect the gaseous product after the reaction;
所述计算机,用于所述高温高压反应釜中反应过程的温度和压力数据记录。The computer is used for temperature and pressure data recording of the reaction process in the high temperature and high pressure reactor.
上述的用于实验室制备超临界多元热流体的系统中,所述的用于实验室制备超临界多元热流体的系统还包括色谱仪,用于分析所述超临界多元热流体的组分。In the above-mentioned system for preparing supercritical multi-component thermal fluid in the laboratory, the system for preparing supercritical multi-component thermal fluid in the laboratory further includes a chromatograph for analyzing the components of the supercritical multi-component thermal fluid.
本发明中,通过控制原料(包括油和水)、氮气通入所述高温高压反应釜中,加热加压制成超临界状态,然后将氧气反应通入,所述高温高压反应釜中发生反应生成所述超临界多元热流体。In the present invention, by controlling raw materials (including oil and water) and nitrogen to pass into the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor, heating and pressurizing to make it into a supercritical state, and then feeding oxygen into it, the reaction takes place in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor. The supercritical multicomponent thermal fluid is generated.
本发明还提供了一种采用上述的用于实验室制备超临界多元热流体的系统实验室制备超临界多元热流体的方法,包括如下步骤:The present invention also provides a method for preparing a supercritical multi-component thermal fluid in a laboratory using the above-mentioned system for preparing a supercritical multi-component thermal fluid in a laboratory, comprising the following steps:
实验开始前将反应原料(包括油和水)加入所述高温高压反应釜中;然后通过1个所述中间容器向所述高温高压反应釜中通入氮气,升至设计压力后,加热加压至超临界状态后通过另1个所述中间容器向其中通入氧气,通过控制所述的原料与所述氧气的比例以及所述高温高压反应釜内温压条件发生反应生成超临界多元热流体,同时所述计算机记录反应中的温度和压力数据,所述试管收集得到反应后的液态产物,所述取样袋收集得到反应后的气态产物。Add the reaction raw materials (including oil and water) into the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor before the experiment starts; then feed nitrogen into the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor through one of the intermediate containers, and heat and pressurize after rising to the design pressure After reaching the supercritical state, oxygen is passed into it through another intermediate container, and the supercritical multi-component thermal fluid is generated by controlling the ratio of the raw material to the oxygen and the temperature and pressure conditions in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor. At the same time, the computer records the temperature and pressure data in the reaction, the liquid product after the reaction is collected by the test tube, and the gaseous product after the reaction is collected by the sampling bag.
本发明中,通入所述氮气是为了确定所述高温高压反应釜的密封性并排除其中空气,继续通入至所需设计压力。In the present invention, the purpose of feeding the nitrogen is to confirm the tightness of the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor and to remove the air therein, and to continue feeding to the required design pressure.
本发明进一步提供了一种实验室制备超临界多元热流体并分析其反应放热和携热能力的方法,包括如下步骤:The present invention further provides a method for preparing a supercritical multi-component thermal fluid in a laboratory and analyzing its reaction heat release and heat carrying capacity, comprising the following steps:
(1)采用所述的用于实验室制备超临界多元热流体的系统制备超临界多元热流体(1) Prepare supercritical multi-element thermal fluid by adopting the system for preparing supercritical multi-element thermal fluid in the laboratory
实验开始前将反应原料(油、水)加入所述高温高压反应釜中;然后通过1个所述中间容器向所述高温高压反应釜中通入氮气,升至设计压力后,加热加压至超临界状态后通过另1个所述中间容器向其中通入氧气,通过控制所述的原料与所述氧气的比例以及所述高温高压反应釜内温压条件发生反应生成超临界多元热流体,同时所述计算机记录反应中的温度和压力数据,所述试管收集得到反应后的液态产物,所述取样袋收集得到反应后的气态产物;Add the reaction raw materials (oil, water) into the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor before the experiment begins; then pass nitrogen into the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor through one of the intermediate containers, and after rising to the design pressure, heat and pressurize to After the supercritical state, oxygen is passed into it through another intermediate container, and a supercritical multi-component thermal fluid is generated by controlling the ratio of the raw material to the oxygen and the temperature and pressure conditions in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor. At the same time, the computer records the temperature and pressure data in the reaction, the test tube collects the liquid product after the reaction, and the sampling bag collects the gaseous product after the reaction;
(2)超临界多元热流体组分分析(2) Analysis of components of supercritical multi-element thermal fluid
利用色谱仪对收集到的所述超临界多元热流体中的所述液态产物和所述气态产物各组分进行组分分析,明确其中各组分所占比例;Using a chromatograph to analyze the components of the liquid product and the gaseous product in the collected supercritical multi-component thermal fluid, and clarify the proportion of each component;
(3)实验数据分析(3) Experimental data analysis
汇总实验得到的所述温度和压力数据,绘制所述温度与时间和所述压力与时间的曲线图;并结合所述色谱仪组分分析结果,分析所述各组分所占比例及所述温度和压力对反应放热及超临界多元热流体携热量的影响,即得到制备超临界多元热流体反应放热和携热能力数据。Summarize the temperature and pressure data obtained in the experiment, draw the curves of the temperature and time and the pressure and time; and combine the analysis results of the chromatograph components to analyze the proportion of each component and the The influence of temperature and pressure on the exothermic heat of reaction and the heat carried by the supercritical multi-component thermal fluid, that is, the data of the exothermic heat and heat-carrying capacity of the supercritical multi-component thermal fluid are obtained.
本发明中,所述各组分所占比例是根据色谱仪测定结果得到的,所述反应放热及携热量数据则分别通过反应温度、压力曲线进行计算得到,计算方法为本领域专业人员公知的常规方法。In the present invention, the proportions of the various components are obtained according to the measurement results of the chromatograph, and the data of the exothermic heat of the reaction and the heat carried are calculated through the reaction temperature and pressure curves respectively, and the calculation method is well known to professionals in the field conventional method.
本发明的有益效果如下:The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
本发明创新性的设计了一种实验室制备超临界多元热流体的系统及方法。利用本发明可以在进行注超临界多元热流体开发生产实践之前制备得到不同原料比例及不同温压条件下的超临界多元热流体,并对其反应放热及携热能力进行分析及优化,有效改善了注超临界多元热流体技术在稠油油藏中的应用效果,分析结果可以作为参考供稠油油藏开发现场的技术人员使用。The present invention innovatively designs a system and method for preparing a supercritical multi-element thermal fluid in a laboratory. The invention can be used to prepare supercritical multi-component thermal fluids with different raw material ratios and different temperature and pressure conditions before carrying out the development and production practice of injecting supercritical multi-component thermal fluids, and analyze and optimize their reaction heat release and heat-carrying capacity, effectively The application effect of supercritical multi-component thermal fluid injection technology in heavy oil reservoirs has been improved, and the analysis results can be used as a reference for technical personnel in the field of heavy oil reservoir development.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明用于实验室制备超临界多元热流体的系统的流程图。Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the system of the present invention used in laboratory preparation of supercritical multi-element thermal fluid.
图1中各个标记如下:Each label in Figure 1 is as follows:
1取样袋;2温压探针;3计算机;4单向阀;5中间容器(氧气);6中间容器(氮气);7高精度恒压恒流泵;8试管;9手摇泵;10回压阀;11高温高压反应釜。1 sampling bag; 2 temperature and pressure probe; 3 computer; 4 one-way valve; 5 intermediate container (oxygen); 6 intermediate container (nitrogen); 7 high-precision constant pressure and constant flow pump; 8 test tube; 9 hand pump; Back pressure valve; 11 high temperature and high pressure reaction kettle.
图2为本发明实验室制备超临界多元热流体并分析其反应放热和携热能力的方法的技术流程图。Fig. 2 is a technical flow chart of the method for preparing supercritical multi-component thermal fluid in the laboratory of the present invention and analyzing its reaction heat release and heat carrying capacity.
图3为不同油水比例时釜内温度随反应时间变化曲线。Fig. 3 is the variation curve of the temperature in the kettle with the reaction time when the ratio of oil to water is different.
图4为不同油水比例时釜内压力随反应时间变化曲线。Fig. 4 is the variation curve of the pressure in the kettle with the reaction time when the ratio of oil to water is different.
图5为不同温压条件时釜内温度随反应时间变化曲线。Figure 5 is a curve showing the variation of the temperature in the kettle with the reaction time under different temperature and pressure conditions.
图6为不同油水比例时釜内压力随反应时间变化曲线。Figure 6 is a curve showing the variation of the pressure in the kettle with the reaction time at different oil-water ratios.
具体实施方式detailed description
下述实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。The experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
下述实施例中所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。The materials and reagents used in the following examples can be obtained from commercial sources unless otherwise specified.
为便于本领域技术人员理解本技术方案,下面将结合实施例中的附图对本发明进行进一步说明,所述的实施例内容非对本发明的限定。本领域技术人员在本发明的基础上无创造性劳动所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments, and the content of the described embodiments does not limit the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts on the basis of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
如图1所示,为本发明提供的一种用于实验室制备超临界多元热流体的系统的流程图。本发明提供的一种用于实验室制备超临界多元热流体的系统包括:高温高压反应釜11,及分别连接于高温高压反应釜11上的2个中间容器(为中间容器(氧气)5和中间容器(氮气)6)、取样袋1、计算机3和一试管8。As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a flow chart of a system for laboratory preparation of supercritical multi-element thermal fluid provided by the present invention. A kind of system that is used for laboratory preparation supercritical multi-element thermal fluid provided by the present invention comprises: high temperature and
其中,高温高压反应釜11,用于控制温度和压力条件以制备超临界多元热流体;2个中间容器与高温高压反应釜11之间管路上设置一单向阀4;Among them, the high-temperature and high-
高温高压反应釜11上通过管路连接一试管8,用于收集反应后的液态产物。取样袋1,用于收集反应后的气态产物,通过手摇泵控制出口压力,取样袋1与手摇泵9之间设置回压阀10;A
计算机3,用于高温高压反应釜11中反应过程的温度和压力数据记录,计算机3与高温高压反应釜11之间的管路上设置温压探针2;The
中间容器(氧气)5和中间容器(氮气)6,分别用于提供氧气和氮气,均通过高精度恒压恒流泵7驱动;The intermediate container (oxygen) 5 and the intermediate container (nitrogen) 6 are used to provide oxygen and nitrogen respectively, both of which are driven by a high-precision constant-pressure constant-flow pump 7;
上述部件之间均通过管路连接,且管路上均设置阀门。The above components are all connected by pipelines, and valves are arranged on the pipelines.
进一步的,所述用于实验室制备超临界多元热流体的系统还包括色谱仪,用于分析超临界多元热流体的组分。Further, the system for preparing supercritical multi-element thermal fluid in the laboratory also includes a chromatograph, which is used to analyze the components of the supercritical multi-element thermal fluid.
本发明一种实验室制备超临界多元热流体的方法,具体包括如下步骤:A method for laboratory preparation of a supercritical multi-element thermal fluid of the present invention specifically comprises the following steps:
实验开始前将反应原料(包括油和水)加入高温高压反应釜11中;将取样袋1内的超临界多元热流体的原料加入高温高压反应釜11中;然后通过中间容器(氮气)6向高温高压反应釜11中通入氮气,升至设计压力后,加热加压至超临界状态后通过中间容器(氧气)5向其中通入氧气,通过控制的原料(油和水)与氧气的比例以及高温高压反应釜11内温压条件发生反应生成超临界多元热流体,同时计算机3记录反应中的温度和压力数据,试管8收集得到反应后的液态产物,取样袋1收集得到反应后的气态产物。Before the experiment begins, the reaction raw materials (comprising oil and water) are added in the high-temperature and high-
如图2所示,为本发明实验室制备超临界多元热流体并分析其反应放热和携热能力的方法的技术流程图。As shown in Figure 2, it is a technical flow chart of the method for preparing supercritical multi-component thermal fluid in the laboratory of the present invention and analyzing its reaction heat release and heat carrying capacity.
本发明进一步提供了一种实验室制备超临界多元热流体并分析其反应放热和携热能力的方法,包括如下步骤:包括超临界多元热流体制备、超临界多元热流体组分分析以及实验数据分析三个部分。超临界多元热流体制备是指将一定比例的原料加入高温高压反应釜中,然后按照设定条件对反应釜加热加压,使原料在反应釜中发生反应生成超临界多元热流体,该过程中通过控制原料比例以及反应釜温压条件可以生成不同比例以及不同温压条件下的超临界多元热流体;超临界多元热流体组分分析是指将收集到的反应产物进行组分分析,进而确定生成的超临界多元热流体中各组分的比例;实验数据分析是指在确定生成的超临界多元热流体中各组分比例后,结合制备过程中记录的反应釜温压数据,对不同进料比例及不同温压条件下生成的超临界多元热流体的反应放热及携热能力进行分析。具体包括如下步骤:The present invention further provides a method for preparing a supercritical multi-element thermal fluid in a laboratory and analyzing its reaction heat release and heat-carrying capacity, comprising the following steps: including preparation of supercritical multi-element thermal fluid, analysis of components of supercritical multi-element thermal fluid and experiment There are three parts to the data analysis. The preparation of supercritical multi-component thermal fluid refers to adding a certain proportion of raw materials into a high-temperature and high-pressure reactor, and then heating and pressurizing the reactor according to the set conditions, so that the raw materials react in the reactor to form a supercritical multi-component thermal fluid. By controlling the proportion of raw materials and the temperature and pressure conditions of the reactor, supercritical multi-component thermal fluids with different proportions and different temperature and pressure conditions can be generated; supercritical multi-component thermal fluid component analysis refers to the component analysis of the collected reaction products to determine The ratio of each component in the generated supercritical multi-component thermal fluid; the analysis of experimental data means that after determining the ratio of each component in the generated supercritical multi-component thermal fluid, combined with the temperature and pressure data of the reactor recorded during the preparation process, the different The reaction heat release and heat carrying capacity of the supercritical multi-component thermal fluid generated under different temperature and pressure conditions were analyzed. Specifically include the following steps:
(1)采用用于实验室制备超临界多元热流体的系统制备超临界多元热流体(1) Preparation of supercritical multi-component thermal fluid by using a system for preparing supercritical multi-component thermal fluid in the laboratory
实验开始前将反应原料(包括油和水)加入高温高压反应釜11中;然后通过中间容器(氮气)6向高温高压反应釜11中通入氮气,升至设计压力后,加热加压至超临界状态后通过中间容器(氧气)5向其中通入氧气,通过控制的原料(油和水)与氧气的比例以及高温高压反应釜11内温压条件发生反应生成超临界多元热流体,同时计算机3记录反应中的温度和压力数据,试管8收集得到反应后的液态产物,取样袋1收集得到反应后的气态产物;Before the experiment starts, the reaction raw materials (comprising oil and water) are added in the high-temperature and high-
(2)超临界多元热流体组分分析(2) Analysis of components of supercritical multi-element thermal fluid
利用色谱仪对收集到的超临界多元热流体中的液态产物和气态产物各组分进行组分分析,明确其中各组分所占比例;Use a chromatograph to analyze the components of the liquid products and gaseous products in the collected supercritical multi-component thermal fluid, and clarify the proportion of each component;
(3)实验数据分析(3) Experimental data analysis
汇总实验得到的温度和压力数据,绘制温度与时间和压力与时间的曲线图;并结合所述色谱仪组分分析结果,分析各组分所占比例及温度和压力对反应放热及超临界多元热流体携热量的影响,即得到制备超临界多元热流体反应放热和携热能力数据。Summarize the temperature and pressure data obtained in the experiment, draw the curves of temperature and time and pressure and time; and combine the analysis results of the components of the chromatograph to analyze the proportion of each component and the effect of temperature and pressure on the reaction exotherm and supercritical The influence of the heat carried by the multi-component thermal fluid, that is, the data of the heat release and heat-carrying capacity of the supercritical multi-component thermal fluid are obtained.
实施例1Example 1
本发明具体的一个实验室制备超临界多元热流体的方法,具体包括如下步骤:A specific laboratory method of the present invention prepares a supercritical multi-component thermal fluid, specifically comprising the following steps:
(1)超临界多元热流体制备(1) Preparation of supercritical multi-component thermal fluid
利用图1所示的超临界多元热流体制备系统制备超临界多元热流体,具体步骤如下:Using the supercritical multi-component thermal fluid preparation system shown in Figure 1 to prepare supercritical multi-component thermal fluid, the specific steps are as follows:
①实验开始前,利用增压装置(具体为增压泵,将气体压缩后再打入中间容器)将足量的(20MPa)氮气及氧气分别打入对应的中间容器,并关闭进出口阀门;① Before the start of the experiment, use a booster device (specifically a booster pump to compress the gas and then pump it into the intermediate container) to pump a sufficient amount (20MPa) of nitrogen and oxygen into the corresponding intermediate container, and close the inlet and outlet valves;
②将实验设备按照实验流程图进行连接,连接完毕并确定实验系统的密封性后,关闭所有阀门;② Connect the experimental equipment according to the experimental flow chart. After the connection is completed and the sealing of the experimental system is confirmed, close all valves;
③打开高温高压反应釜11密封盖,确定高温高压反应釜11内无残留物后,将反应原料按照实验设计的比例投入高温高压反应釜11中。投料完成后,关紧高温高压反应釜11密封盖;③ Open the sealing cover of the high-temperature and high-
④轻开中间容器(氮气)6出口阀门,并将高温高压反应釜11进口打开,向高温高压反应釜11中充入氮气,确定高温高压反应釜11密封;4. Lightly open the outlet valve of the intermediate container (nitrogen) 6, and open the inlet of the high-temperature and high-
⑤确定高温高压反应釜11密封后,将高温高压反应釜11出口阀门及取样阀门依次打开,回压为0MPa,持续充入氮气(10min以上)以排空反应釜中空气;⑤ After confirming that the high-temperature and high-
⑥排空高温高压反应釜11中空气后,关闭取样阀门以及高温高压反应釜11出口阀门,向高温高压反应釜11中继续充入氮气至实验设计压力;⑥ After emptying the air in the high-temperature and high-
⑦高温高压反应釜11压力升至设计压力后,关闭所有阀门,打开高温高压反应釜11电源,开启加热;⑦ After the pressure of the high-temperature and high-
⑧高温高压反应釜11内温压达到超临界条件后,关闭加热,开启摇晃,开高精度恒压恒流泵7向中间容器(氧气)5加压,向高温高压反应釜11釜体内充入氧气,直至反应结束,反应全程中实时监测并记录高温高压反应釜11内温度压力;⑧After the temperature and pressure inside the high-temperature and high-
⑨反应结束后静置高温高压反应釜11降温,高温高压反应釜11内温度降至常温后,微开取样口阀门,取样袋1收集釜内气体样品,而后泄压,开启高温高压反应釜11,试管8收集釜内液体以及固体(如有)。⑨ After the reaction, let the high-temperature and high-
注:实验过程中,可以从高温高压反应釜11下方的出液阀门向反应釜中持续加料以维持反应持续发生并连续生成超临界多元热流体。Note: During the experiment, feed can be continuously fed into the reactor from the liquid outlet valve below the high-temperature and high-
(2)超临界多元热流体组分分析(2) Analysis of components of supercritical multi-element thermal fluid
利用色谱仪对收集到的釜内样品进行组分分析,明确其中各组分所占比例。Use a chromatograph to analyze the components of the collected samples in the kettle to clarify the proportion of each component.
(3)实验数据分析(3) Experimental data analysis
汇总实验得到的温压数据,绘制成曲线图,并结合色谱仪组分分析结果,分析各组分所占比例及温度和压力对反应放热及超临界多元热流体携热量的影响。The temperature and pressure data obtained from the experiment were summarized and drawn into a graph, and combined with the component analysis results of the chromatographic instrument, the proportion of each component and the influence of temperature and pressure on the reaction exotherm and the heat carried by the supercritical multi-element thermal fluid were analyzed.
选取0#柴油、水及氧气作为原料,制备不同原料比例及不同温压条件下的超临界多元热流体,并对其反应放热及携热量进行分析。0# diesel oil, water and oxygen were selected as raw materials to prepare supercritical multi-component thermal fluids with different raw material ratios and different temperature and pressure conditions, and their reaction heat release and heat transfer were analyzed.
表1不同油水比例条件下超临界水-柴油反应实验参数Table 1 Experimental parameters of supercritical water-diesel reaction under different oil-water ratios
原料及控制条件如表1所示,按照上述方法步骤开展实验,并记录实验数据。The raw materials and control conditions are shown in Table 1. The experiment was carried out according to the above method steps, and the experimental data were recorded.
对取样样品进行逐一分析,分析结果表:明氧气充足的条件下,柴油均能完全反应,生成超临界多元热流体,取样液体中无柴油残留。通过图3可以看到,柴油的体积比例越高,釜内所能达到的最高温度也越高,相比之下,柴油比例低时,释放热量一定而体系升高温度所需热量更多,故而釜体内最高温度更低些。The sampling samples were analyzed one by one, and the analysis results showed that under the condition of sufficient oxygen, diesel oil could be completely reacted to generate supercritical multi-component thermal fluid, and there was no diesel residue in the sampling liquid. It can be seen from Figure 3 that the higher the volume ratio of diesel, the higher the maximum temperature that can be reached in the tank. In contrast, when the proportion of diesel is low, the heat released is constant and the system needs more heat to raise the temperature. Therefore, the maximum temperature in the kettle body is lower.
以产出流体组分为依据,计算产出的超临界多元热流体携热量(表2),仅从产出流体携热量来看,水比例越高,产物携热量越高,因热流体中主要是超临界水携热,此时超临界水比例最高。从图4可以看到,产物中超临界水比例越高,热容量越大,降温过程中冷凝量少,压力能较长时间维持。Based on the composition of the produced fluid, calculate the heat carried by the produced supercritical multi-element thermal fluid (Table 2). Only from the perspective of the heat carried by the produced fluid, the higher the proportion of water, the higher the heat carried by the product. It is mainly supercritical water that carries heat, and the proportion of supercritical water is the highest at this time. It can be seen from Figure 4 that the higher the proportion of supercritical water in the product, the greater the heat capacity, the less condensation during the cooling process, and the longer the pressure can be maintained.
表2不同油水比例条件反应生成物携热量Table 2 The heat carried by the reaction product under different oil-water ratio conditions
实施例2Example 2
选取0#柴油、水及氧气作为原料,制备不同原料比例及不同温压条件下的超临界多元热流体。原料及控制条件如表3所示,按照本发明实施例1中方法开展实验,并记录实验数据。0# diesel oil, water and oxygen were selected as raw materials to prepare supercritical multi-component thermal fluids with different raw material ratios and different temperature and pressure conditions. The raw materials and control conditions are shown in Table 3, and the experiment was carried out according to the method in Example 1 of the present invention, and the experimental data were recorded.
表3不同温压条件下超临界水-柴油反应实验参数Table 3 Experimental parameters of supercritical water-diesel reaction under different temperature and pressure conditions
实验结果见图5及图6,对比不同起始温压条件实验过程来看,釜内温度上升幅度非常接近,考虑到油水比例相同,可以认为反应放热量接近,起始温压条件对于反应影响较小,热流体焓值折算到同温同压下后数值非常接近,平均为1962.36J/g。The experimental results are shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6. Comparing the experimental process of different initial temperature and pressure conditions, the temperature rise in the kettle is very close. Considering that the ratio of oil to water is the same, it can be considered that the heat release of the reaction is close, and the initial temperature and pressure conditions have an impact on the reaction. Smaller, the enthalpy of the thermal fluid converted to the same temperature and pressure is very close, with an average of 1962.36J/g.
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