CN115579497A - Fuel cell membrane electrode assembly and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell membrane electrode assembly and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115579497A CN115579497A CN202211342451.4A CN202211342451A CN115579497A CN 115579497 A CN115579497 A CN 115579497A CN 202211342451 A CN202211342451 A CN 202211342451A CN 115579497 A CN115579497 A CN 115579497A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0234—Carbonaceous material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0273—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0276—Sealing means characterised by their form
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0286—Processes for forming seals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention provides a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly and a preparation method thereof, belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and solves the problem that the service life of a proton exchange membrane is influenced by the excessive pressure of an overlapping area easily generated during the assembly of the existing membrane electrode. The membrane electrode assembly comprises a proton exchange membrane, an anode catalyst layer, an anode side frame and cathode carbon paper which are arranged above the exchange membrane, and a cathode catalyst layer, cathode carbon paper and a cathode side frame which are arranged below the exchange membrane. One side of the whole membrane electrode assembly is sequentially provided with an anode side frame, a proton exchange membrane and a cathode side frame from top to bottom to form a non-functional area, and the other side is sequentially provided with anode carbon paper, an anode catalyst layer, a proton exchange membrane, a cathode catalyst layer and cathode carbon paper from top to bottom to form an active area. The cathode and anode side frames do not extend into the cathode and anode carbon paper, and are sealed with the carbon paper through bonding glue by adopting a thick frame design. The thicker position of the membrane electrode is an active area, so that the influence of an overlapping area on the service life of the proton exchange membrane is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a membrane electrode assembly of a fuel cell and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The fuel cell is a new energy conversion membrane electrode assembly which is being widely popularized at present, and compared with the traditional nickel-cadmium cell, the fuel cell has the characteristics of high electric energy, small pollution, strong sustainability and the like. The membrane electrode assembly is a key component of a fuel cell, and generally adopts a 7-layer, 5-layer and 3-layer structure. The 5-layer structure comprises a cathode gas diffusion layer, a cathode frame, a proton conduction membrane, an anode frame and an anode gas diffusion layer, wherein the proton conduction membrane is provided with a cathode catalyst on one side and an anode catalyst on the other side.
Compression of the membrane electrode assembly is required when the stack is assembled. However, in the prior art, in order to ensure the sealing effect, the cathode frame and the anode frame in the membrane electrode assembly extend outwards by a section, and are pressed into a Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) together with a proton exchange membrane and a cathode-anode catalyst. When the assembly is pressed, the overlapped area is easy to generate overpressure, so that the proton membrane is additionally stressed, and the local mechanical strength and the service life are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing analysis, embodiments of the present invention are directed to a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell and a method for manufacturing the same, so as to solve the problem that the lifetime of a proton exchange membrane is affected by an overpressure in an overlap region easily occurring during the assembly of the conventional membrane electrode assembly.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly, including a proton exchange membrane, an anode catalyst layer, an anode side frame, and anode carbon paper disposed above the proton exchange membrane, and a cathode catalyst layer, a cathode side frame, and cathode carbon paper disposed below the proton exchange membrane; wherein,
an anode side frame, a proton exchange membrane and a cathode side frame are sequentially arranged on one side of the whole membrane electrode assembly from top to bottom to form a non-functional area; the other side of the membrane is provided with anode carbon paper, an anode catalyst layer, a proton exchange membrane, a cathode catalyst layer and cathode carbon paper from top to bottom in sequence to form an active area capable of generating catalytic reduction reaction;
the inner contour of the anode side frame is aligned with the outer contour of the anode carbon paper, and the inner contour of the cathode side frame is aligned with the outer contour of the cathode carbon paper; and a sealing structure is formed between the anode side frame and the anode carbon paper and between the cathode side frame and the cathode carbon paper through bonding glue.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are as follows: the design of the thick frame is adopted, the cathode frame does not extend into the cathode carbon paper, and the anode frame does not extend into the anode carbon paper, so that the overlapping area is avoided in design. And adopt to glue to seal between frame and the carbon paper, guarantee that the thickest position of whole membrane electrode is the active region, overlap area excessive pressure can not appear when the pressurized, compare current proton exchange membrane, can effectively improve its life.
Based on the further improvement of the membrane electrode assembly, the membrane electrode adopts an up-and-down symmetrical structure; and also,
the plane sizes of the anode side frame and the cathode side frame are the same, and the anode side frame and the cathode side frame only cover the whole non-functional area; and also,
the anode carbon paper and the cathode carbon paper have the same plane size and only cover the whole active area.
Furthermore, no overlapping area exists between the anode side frame and the anode carbon paper and between the cathode side frame and the cathode carbon paper; and,
one side surface of the anode side frame is coated with anode bonding glue in a glue dispensing mode, and is bonded and connected with the corresponding side surface of the anode carbon paper to form an anode side sealing structure;
one side surface of the cathode side frame is coated with cathode bonding glue in a dispensing mode, and is bonded and connected with the corresponding side surface of the cathode carbon paper to form a cathode side sealing structure.
Further, the anode carbon paper and the cathode carbon paper are both prepared by single-layer thickness non-differential carbon paper and are respectively bonded with the anode catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer in the active region through a hot pressing process; and,
after the hot pressing process, the upper surface of the anode carbon paper and the lower surface of the cathode carbon paper in the membrane electrode assembly are both horizontal planes.
Further, the planar size and the thickness of the anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer are the same and are both smaller than the planar size of the proton exchange membrane; and also,
the anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer only cover the active area of the membrane electrode.
Further, the thickness of the anode catalyst layer is equal to the thickness of the cathode catalyst layer.
Furthermore, the anode carbon paper and the cathode carbon paper are both carbon paper layers with microporous structures on the surfaces.
Further, the bonding glue 2 is an organic silicon adhesive; and,
the frame thickness ranges of the anode side frame and the cathode side frame are both 0.3 to 0.8mm;
the thickness ranges of the carbon paper of the anode carbon paper and the cathode carbon paper are 0.2 to 0.8mm.
Further, the outer side dimension of the anode side frame and the outer side dimension of the cathode side frame are equal to the outer side dimension of the proton exchange membrane.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment can realize at least one of the following beneficial effects:
1. in order to ensure the sealing effect, in the prior art, the cathode and anode frames and the proton exchange membrane extend into cathode and anode carbon paper and are sealed by dispensing and fixing.
2. The thickest position of the membrane electrode is an active region, no overlapping region is generated, and the service life loss caused by the overvoltage of the proton membrane is avoided.
3. The catalytic effect of the cathode and anode catalyst layers in the active region is ensured.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell, including the steps of:
s1, preparing an anode catalyst layer on the upper surface of a proton exchange membrane, preparing a cathode catalyst layer on the lower surface of the proton exchange membrane to obtain CCM, and performing die cutting on one side of the CCM to ensure that only a basic component forming a non-functional area of a membrane electrode, namely the proton exchange membrane, remains on the side, and the other side is still made of CCM;
s2, preparing an anode side frame and a cathode side frame through a die cutting process, and enabling the frame to cover the area of the non-functional area of the membrane electrode in size;
s3, laminating the die-cut CCM prepared in the step S1 with the anode side frame and the cathode side frame prepared in the step S2 to form a non-functional area of the membrane electrode assembly, and then carrying out flat pressing and shaping on the laminated structure to obtain a three-in-one membrane electrode;
s4, preparing anode carbon paper and cathode carbon paper from single-layer thickness non-difference carbon paper by a die cutting process, so that the anode carbon paper and the cathode carbon paper only cover the area where the active area of the membrane electrode is located;
s5, respectively attaching the anode carbon paper and the cathode carbon paper prepared in the step S4 to the three-in-one membrane electrode prepared in the step S3 to form an active area of a membrane electrode assembly and obtain a five-in-one membrane electrode, so that the inner contour of an anode side frame in the five-in-one membrane electrode is aligned with the outer contour of the anode carbon paper, the inner contour of a cathode side frame is aligned with the outer contour of the cathode carbon paper, and a sealing structure is formed between the anode side frame and the anode carbon paper and between the cathode side frame and the cathode carbon paper through adhesive glue;
s6, performing air tightness detection on the five-in-one membrane electrode prepared in the step S5 until the detection result is qualified, and finishing the preparation of the fuel cell membrane electrode assembly.
Further, step S3 further includes: coating anode bonding glue on the part of the three-in-one membrane electrode, which is attached to the side frame of the anode side, and coating cathode bonding glue on the part of the three-in-one membrane electrode, which is attached to the side frame of the cathode side; and,
step S4 further includes: coating anode bonding glue on one side of the anode carbon paper, and coating cathode bonding glue on one side of the cathode carbon paper;
step S5 further includes: and (4) laminating the anode carbon paper prepared in the step (S4) and the three-in-one membrane electrode prepared in the step (S3) through the bonding glue, and then carrying out hot pressing on the laminated integral structure to obtain the five-in-one membrane electrode.
This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the disclosure.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of the fuel cell membrane electrode assembly composition of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the active, non-functional areas of a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to example 1;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing simulation test data for a prior art fuel cell membrane electrode assembly;
figure 4 is a graph showing simulation test data for a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to example 1.
Reference numerals:
1-anodic carbon paper; 2-bonding glue; 3-anode side frame; 4-cathodic carbon paper; 5-CCM (proton exchange membrane + anode and cathode catalyst layers); 6-cathode side frame; 7-a proton exchange membrane; a-an active region; b-non-functional region.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The term "include" and variations thereof as used herein is meant to be inclusive in an open-ended manner, i.e., "including but not limited to". Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term "or" means "and/or". The term "based on" means "based at least in part on". The terms "one example embodiment" and "one embodiment" mean "at least one example embodiment". The term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment". The terms "first," "second," and the like may refer to different or the same objects. Other explicit and implicit definitions are also possible below.
Example 1
An embodiment of the present invention discloses a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly, as shown in 1~2, which includes a proton exchange membrane 7, an anode catalyst layer disposed above the proton exchange membrane 7, an anode side frame 3, an anode carbon paper 1, a cathode catalyst layer disposed below the proton exchange membrane 7, a cathode carbon paper 4, and a cathode side frame 6.
The structure of the membrane electrode comprises a non-functional area B (which does not generate oxidation-reduction reaction and is used for providing a supporting mounting position) and an active area A (which generates oxidation-reduction reaction).
One side of the whole membrane electrode assembly is provided with an anode side frame 3, a proton exchange membrane 7 and a cathode side frame 6 from top to bottom in sequence to form a non-functional area B.
The other side of the whole membrane electrode is provided with anode carbon paper 1, CCM (anode catalyst layer, proton exchange membrane 7, cathode catalyst layer) and cathode carbon paper 4 from top to bottom in sequence, and the active area A is formed. The ratio of the active region A to the non-functional region B can be set according to actual requirements.
The inner contour of the anode side frame 3 is aligned with the outer contour of the anode carbon paper 1, and the inner contour of the cathode side frame 6 is aligned with the outer contour of the cathode carbon paper 4. The anode side frame 3 is used for limiting the anode carbon paper 1, and the cathode side frame 6 is used for limiting the cathode carbon paper 4.
And a sealing structure is formed between the anode side frame 3 and the anode carbon paper 1 and between the cathode side frame 6 and the cathode carbon paper 4 through the bonding glue 2.
It can be seen from the above structure that the anode side frame 3 and the cathode side frame 6 are both designed as thick frames, the frames do not extend into the carbon paper, the inner contour of the frames is aligned with the outer contour of the carbon paper, and the connection positions are connected by glue.
During implementation, the membrane electrode is additionally provided with the active region A, namely, the cathode and anode frames to be used for sealing are only arranged in the non-functional region B, the non-functional region B does not need to be compressed, and the phenomenon of overvoltage is avoided due to the fact that the cathode and anode frames do not exist in the active region A during assembly, so that the proton exchange membrane of the active region A cannot be additionally stressed, the local mechanical strength cannot be influenced, and the service life of the membrane electrode is prolonged.
Compared with the prior art, the five-in-one membrane electrode provided by the embodiment adopts a thick frame design, the cathode frame does not extend into the cathode carbon paper, and the anode frame does not extend into the anode carbon paper, namely, the overlapping area is avoided in design. And adopt to glue between frame and the carbon paper and glue and seal, guarantee that whole membrane electrode thickest position is active region A, overlap region excessive pressure can not appear when the pressurized, compares current proton exchange membrane, can effectively improve its life.
Example 2
The improvement is carried out on the basis of the embodiment 1, and the membrane electrode adopts a vertically symmetrical structural design.
Preferably, the anode-side frame 3 and the cathode-side frame 6 have the same planar size and the same thickness, and both cover only the entire non-functional region B. In addition, the anode carbon paper 1 and the cathode carbon paper 4 have the same plane size and only cover the whole active area A, so that the stress consistency is ensured.
There is no overlapping area between the anode side frame 3 and the anode carbon paper 1, and between the cathode side frame 6 and the cathode carbon paper 4 (i.e. the frame parts do not enter the carbon paper).
One side surface of the anode side frame 3 is coated with anode bonding glue in a dispensing manner, and is bonded and connected with the corresponding side surface of the anode carbon paper 1 to form a sealing structure of the anode side.
One side surface of the cathode side frame 6 is coated with cathode bonding glue in a dispensing mode, and is bonded and connected with the corresponding side surface of the cathode carbon paper 4 to form a cathode side sealing structure.
Preferably, the anode carbon paper 1 and the cathode carbon paper 4 are both made of single-layer carbon paper with no difference in thickness (i.e., the thicknesses of the points are equal), and are respectively bonded and connected with the anode catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer in the active region a through a hot pressing process.
In the membrane electrode, the upper surface of the anode carbon paper 1 and the lower surface of the cathode carbon paper 4 which are hot-pressed by the hot-pressing process are both horizontal planes.
Preferably, the anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer have the same planar size and are both smaller than the planar size of the proton exchange membrane 7. The anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer cover only the active region a of the membrane electrode and do not cover the nonfunctional region B.
Preferably, the thickness of the anode catalyst layer is equal to the thickness of the cathode catalyst layer.
Preferably, the anode carbon paper 1 and the cathode carbon paper 4 both adopt carbon paper layers with microporous structures on the surfaces. The pores are used for gas to pass through.
Preferably, the bonding glue 2 is a silicone adhesive and is coated by a dispensing method.
Preferably, the outer side dimension of the anode side frame 3 and the outer side dimension of the cathode side frame 6 are equal to the outer side dimension of the proton exchange membrane 7, i.e. the width of the plane is equal.
Preferably, the frame thickness of the anode side frame 3 and the cathode side frame 6 is in a range of 0.3 to 0.8mm. The thickness ranges of the carbon paper of the anode carbon paper 1 and the cathode carbon paper 4 are 0.2 to 0.8mm. The thickness of the carbon paper is equivalent to that of the frame.
Fig. 3 and 4 are stress distribution diagrams in comparative simulation test data, and areas with darker colors indicate that stress deformation of stress parts corresponding to air passages is larger, and overlapped areas are over-pressurized when the stress parts are compressed. It can be seen that the physical properties of the fuel cell membrane electrode assembly provided by the present embodiment are significantly superior to those of the existing fuel cell membrane electrode assembly.
Compared with the prior art, the fuel cell membrane electrode assembly has the following beneficial effects:
1. in order to ensure the sealing effect, in the prior art, the cathode and anode frames and the proton exchange membrane extend into cathode and anode carbon paper and are sealed by dispensing and fixing.
2. The thickest position of the membrane electrode is an active region A, no overlapping region is generated, and the service life loss caused by the overvoltage of the proton membrane is avoided.
3. The catalytic effect of the cathode and anode catalyst layers in the active area A is ensured.
Example 3
An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell according to embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, including the following steps:
s1, preparing an anode catalyst layer on the upper surface of a proton exchange membrane 7, preparing a cathode catalyst layer on the lower surface of the proton exchange membrane to obtain CCM 5, and performing die cutting on one side of the CCM 5 to ensure that only a basic component, namely the proton exchange membrane, of a non-functional area B is left on the side, and the other side is still made of CCM;
s2, preparing an anode side frame 3 and a cathode side frame 6 through a die cutting process, and enabling the frame sizes to cover the area where the non-functional area B of the membrane electrode is located;
s3, laminating the die-cut CCM prepared in the step S1 with the anode side frame 3 and the cathode side frame 6 prepared in the step S2 to form a non-functional area B of the membrane electrode assembly, and then carrying out flat pressing and shaping on the laminated structure to obtain a three-in-one membrane electrode;
s4, preparing the carbon paper with the single layer thickness and no difference into anode carbon paper 1 and cathode carbon paper 4 through a die cutting process, so that the anode carbon paper 1 and the cathode carbon paper 4 only cover the area where the active area A of the membrane electrode is located, the thickness of the anode carbon paper 1 is larger than that of the anode side frame 3, and the thickness of the cathode carbon paper 4 is larger than that of the cathode side frame 6; the initial value of the thickness of the carbon paper of the active region A can be set according to the thickness of the anode carbon paper 1 or the cathode carbon paper 4 and the change of the compression amount corresponding to the stacking force obtained through the thickness matching calculation;
s5, respectively attaching the anode carbon paper 1 and the cathode carbon paper 4 prepared in the step S4 to the three-in-one membrane electrode prepared in the step S3 to form an active area of a membrane electrode assembly and obtain a five-in-one membrane electrode, so that the inner contour of the anode side frame 3 in the five-in-one membrane electrode is aligned with the outer contour of the anode carbon paper 1, the inner contour of the cathode side frame 6 is aligned with the outer contour of the cathode carbon paper 4, and a sealing structure is formed between the anode side frame 3 and the anode carbon paper 1 and between the cathode side frame 6 and the cathode carbon paper 4 through bonding glue 2;
s6, performing air tightness detection on the five-in-one membrane electrode prepared in the step S5 until the detection result is qualified, and finishing the preparation of the fuel cell membrane electrode assembly.
Preferably, step S3 further comprises: coating anode bonding glue on the part of the three-in-one membrane electrode, which is attached to the anode side frame 3, and coating cathode bonding glue on the part of the three-in-one membrane electrode, which is attached to the cathode side frame 6; and,
step S4 further includes: respectively coating adhesive 2 on one side of the anode carbon paper 1 and one side of the cathode carbon paper 4.
Step S5 further includes: and (3) laminating the anode carbon paper 1 prepared in the step (S4) and the three-in-one membrane electrode prepared in the step (S3) through the bonding glue 2, and then carrying out hot pressing on the laminated integral structure to obtain the fuel cell membrane electrode assembly.
Preferably, in step S7, the airtightness detection method may be: and (3) placing the assembled membrane electrode in an airtight testing tool device, ensuring a certain pressing force, introducing gas (generally helium or hydrogen) at one side (cathode side or anode side) of the membrane electrode, measuring the leakage rate by using a gas leakage detector, wherein the leakage rate meets the design requirement (generally 0.3-1 sccm), and judging the membrane electrode to be qualified.
The airtightness detection method is not limited to the above preferred modes, and can be understood by those skilled in the art.
Having described embodiments of the present disclosure, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the prior art, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A fuel cell membrane electrode assembly is characterized by comprising a proton exchange membrane (7), an anode catalyst layer, an anode side frame (3) and anode carbon paper (1) which are arranged above the membrane, and a cathode catalyst layer, a cathode side frame (6) and cathode carbon paper (4) which are arranged below the membrane; wherein,
an anode side frame (3), a proton exchange membrane (7) and a cathode side frame (6) are sequentially arranged on one side of the whole membrane electrode assembly from top to bottom to form a non-functional area; the other side of the anode carbon paper is sequentially provided with an anode carbon paper (1), an anode catalyst layer, a proton exchange membrane (7), a cathode catalyst layer and a cathode carbon paper (4) from top to bottom to form an active area capable of generating catalytic reduction reaction;
the inner contour of the anode side frame (3) is aligned with the outer contour of the anode carbon paper (1), and the inner contour of the cathode side frame (6) is aligned with the outer contour of the cathode carbon paper (4); and sealing structures are formed between the anode side frame (3) and the anode carbon paper (1) and between the cathode side frame (6) and the cathode carbon paper (4) through bonding glue (2).
2. The fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to claim 1 wherein said membrane electrode is of an up-down symmetrical structure; and also,
the plane sizes of the anode side frame (3) and the cathode side frame (6) are the same, and the anode side frame and the cathode side frame only cover the whole non-functional area; and,
the anode carbon paper (1) and the cathode carbon paper (4) have the same plane size and only cover the whole active area.
3. The fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that there is no overlap region between the anode-side frame (3) and the anode carbon paper (1), and between the cathode-side frame (6) and the cathode carbon paper (4); and,
one side surface of the anode side frame (3) is coated with anode bonding glue in a glue dispensing mode, and is bonded and connected with the corresponding side surface of the anode carbon paper (1) to form an anode side sealing structure;
one side surface of the cathode side frame (6) is coated with cathode bonding glue in a dispensing mode, and is bonded and connected with the corresponding side surface of the cathode carbon paper (4) to form a cathode side sealing structure.
4. The fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to claim 3, wherein the anode carbon paper (1) and the cathode carbon paper (4) are both prepared by single-layer thickness non-differential carbon paper and are respectively bonded with the anode catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer in the active regions through a hot pressing process; and,
after the hot pressing process, the upper surface of the anode carbon paper (1) and the lower surface of the cathode carbon paper (4) in the membrane electrode assembly are both horizontal planes.
5. The fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to claim 4 wherein the planar dimensions of the anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer are the same and are both smaller than the planar dimensions of the proton exchange membrane (7); and,
the anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer only cover the active area of the membrane electrode.
6. The fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to claim 5 wherein the thickness of said anode catalyst layer is equal to the thickness of the cathode catalyst layer.
7. The fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6, wherein the anode carbon paper (1) and the cathode carbon paper (4) are both carbon paper layers with microporous structures on the surfaces.
8. The fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, wherein the bonding glue (2) is a silicone adhesive; and,
the frame thickness ranges of the anode side frame (3) and the cathode side frame (6) are 0.3 to 0.8mm;
the thickness ranges of the carbon paper of the anode carbon paper (1) and the cathode carbon paper (4) are both 0.2 to 0.8mm;
the size of the outer side edge of the anode side frame (3) and the size of the outer side edge of the cathode side frame (6) are equal to the size of the outer side edge of the proton exchange membrane (7).
9. A method of making a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing an anode catalyst layer on the upper surface of a proton exchange membrane (7), preparing a cathode catalyst layer on the lower surface of the proton exchange membrane to obtain a CCM (5), and carrying out die cutting on one side of the CCM (5) to ensure that only a basic component forming a non-functional area of a membrane electrode, namely the proton exchange membrane, remains on the side, and the other side is still made of the CCM;
s2, preparing an anode side frame (3) and a cathode side frame (6) through a die cutting process, and enabling the frame size to cover the area where the non-functional area of the membrane electrode is located;
s3, laminating the die-cut CCM prepared in the step S1 with the anode side frame (3) and the cathode side frame (6) prepared in the step S2 to form a non-functional area of the membrane electrode assembly, and then carrying out flat pressing and shaping on the laminated structure to obtain a three-in-one membrane electrode;
s4, preparing the carbon paper with the single layer thickness and no difference into anode carbon paper (1) and cathode carbon paper (4) through a die cutting process, so that the anode carbon paper (1) and the cathode carbon paper (4) only cover the area where the active area of the membrane electrode is located;
s5, respectively attaching the anode carbon paper (1) and the cathode carbon paper (4) prepared in the step S4 to the three-in-one membrane electrode prepared in the step S3 to form an active area of a membrane electrode assembly and obtain a five-in-one membrane electrode, so that the inner contour of an anode side frame (3) in the five-in-one membrane electrode is aligned with the outer contour of the anode carbon paper (1), the inner contour of a cathode side frame (6) is aligned with the outer contour of the cathode carbon paper (4), and a sealing structure is formed between the anode side frame (3) and the anode carbon paper (1) and between the cathode side frame (6) and the cathode carbon paper (4) through adhesive glue (2);
s6, performing air tightness detection on the five-in-one membrane electrode prepared in the step S5 until the detection result is qualified, and finishing the preparation of the fuel cell membrane electrode assembly.
10. The method for producing a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to claim 9, wherein step S3 further comprises: coating anode bonding glue on the part of the three-in-one membrane electrode, which is attached to the anode side frame (3), and coating cathode bonding glue on the part of the three-in-one membrane electrode, which is attached to the cathode side frame (6); and,
step S4 further includes: coating anode bonding glue on one side of the anode carbon paper (1) and coating cathode bonding glue on one side of the cathode carbon paper (4);
step S5 further includes: and (3) laminating the anode carbon paper (1) prepared in the step (S4) and the three-in-one membrane electrode prepared in the step (S3) through the bonding glue, and then carrying out hot pressing on the laminated integral structure to obtain the five-in-one membrane electrode.
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