CN1155787C

CN1155787C - Refrigerating device

Info

Publication number: CN1155787C
Application number: CNB988123584A
Authority: CN
Inventors: W・尼丁; W·尼丁; 兹; W·霍尔兹
Original assignee: BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
Current assignee: BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
Priority date: 1997-12-19
Filing date: 1998-12-18
Publication date: 2004-06-30
Anticipated expiration: 2018-12-18
Also published as: WO1999032836A1; TR200001667T2; DE19756861A1; EP1040302A1; DE59803571D1; EP1040302B1; CN1282410A; ES2175846T3

Abstract

The invention relates to a refrigerating device (10) having a heat insulating housing (11) inside which at least two refrigerating compartments are arranged. Said compartments are thermally separated from one another and have different temperatures. Each compartment is cooled by an evaporator (14, 16, 18) provided with a corresponding refrigerating capacity, whereby the evaporators (14, 16, 18) which serve to cool the compartments are arranged together one behind the other such that they are connected in series in a refrigeration circuit. In addition, the evaporators are actuated by a condenser (26) with coolant, said condenser being located in the refrigeration circuit. At least two injection positions (20, 21) are provided on the condenser (18) for generating the low temperature. A throttling device (22, 23) having a varying flow-through resistance is connected before each injection position. The throttling devices can each be controlled by a deflecting element (24).

Description

Refrigeration machine

The present invention relates to a kind of refrigeration machine, in its thermally insulating housing, be provided with the cool room of two mutual heat insulation different temperatures at least, each cool room all disposes an evaporimeter with corresponding refrigeration work consumption and freezes, and wherein the cooling evaporimeter of each cool room is connected in the refrigerating circuit and by a compressor the supply system cryogen that is arranged in this refrigerating circuit together.

Concerning having a plurality of mutually heat insulation cool rooms and having disposed the refrigeration machine of corresponding evaporator, people make every effort to make the indoor temperature of the regulation of each cool room remain on the temperature range of regulation with a unique coolant compressor by a temperature sensor control, and be unlikely to when a temperature province is sent a refrigeration and required the situation of signal the danger that causes this cooling evaporimeter in cryogenic temperature zone to overflow liquid refrigerant.

In order to address this problem, German patent DE OS 35 08 805 has proposed a kind of two warm refrigeration machine, and the mutual heat insulation cool room of the different temperatures of this refrigeration machine is freezed by an evaporimeter respectively.These evaporimeters and a unique compressor are arranged in a refrigerating circuit, this compressor is controlled by the adjusting device of making heatable flow controller, according to the refrigeration requirement of each cool room, the cold-producing medium of evaporimeter or successively single or supply liquid state simultaneously.To provide enough refrigerating capacitys when a refrigeration requires signal in order sending, to require the cold-producing medium of evaporimeter of the cool room of signal to overflow, arranged a collecting tank at this compressor pressure rear flank face but avoid simultaneously that to send a refrigeration again at two cool rooms.This collecting tank is discharged the liquid refrigerant of storing in its liquid collecting room with a heating element heater, when these cool rooms send the signal that needs refrigeration, the heating element heater of collecting tank configuration was worked in advance with a leading time before this compressor puts into operation, so that the liquid refrigerant of storage is sent in the refrigerant loop.

In addition, DE OS 40 20 537 has proposed a kind of two warm refrigeration machine, the mutual heat insulation cool room of its different temperatures is arranged in a refrigerating circuit of only having disposed a compressor and also controls by the throttle mechanism that can turn-off as required, the supply system cryogen individually or together, wherein refrigerant amount is decided on the charging quantity of two evaporimeters.To having only the situation that a cool room sends needs the refrigeration signal in two cool rooms, for fear of the overfill of the evaporimeter of an isolated operation, the refrigerant amount that whole refrigerating circuit is provided can be distributed by the tap that a throttle mechanism cuts out according to by condenser one of the capacity of this evaporimeter.Because the tap of condenser, the i.e. flow of refrigerant of circulation by compressor is just arranged so only be positioned at the section of the condenser of this tap front.

Two refrigerating circuits that above-mentioned prior art proposes all can be controlled refrigerant amount according to the needs of corresponding evaporator, but then there is such shortcoming in the refrigeration system that DE OS 35 08 805 proposes, promptly in order from collecting tank, to discharge liquid cold-producing medium and it to be sent back in the refrigerating circuit, under the situation that two cool rooms need freeze, compressor is before starting, and the heating of this collecting tank needs consumes energy and time.DE OS 40 20 537 then has such shortcoming, when promptly a cool room in cool room need freeze, cold-producing medium always only flow through condenser a part and obviously reduce the surface that its heat exchange needs thus, thereby obviously increase the running time of compressor and the energy consumption of refrigeration machine.

The objective of the invention is to, propose a kind of claim 1 refrigeration machine as described in the preamble, this refrigeration machine just can filling at the excessive cold-producing medium that prevents hot cool room evaporimeter when freezing under the situation of the various shortcomings of avoiding prior art with simple structural measure.

According to the present invention, this purpose is to realize like this, on the evaporimeter that produces lower temperature, be provided with two refrigerant flow point of adjustment at least, each point of adjustment has all connected a throttling arrangement with different circulating resistances, and wherein each throttling arrangement all can be controlled by a changement.

Can reach the very accurate control of refrigerant amount owing to the different circulating resistance of throttling arrangement, make refrigerant amount flow into the evaporimeter that is positioned at the rearmost position in the cascade evaporation device, like this, during the adjusting of the corresponding adjuster of the thermoregulator in being arranged in the cool room of higher temperature, produce the refrigerant amount of the throttling arrangement undersupply that evaporimeter that higher temperature uses just can be by having higher flow resistance.The refrigerant amount that flows into that evaporimeter that is arranged in these cascade evaporation device rearmost positions by control not only may be regulated the temperature of single cool room and not need to adopt the cold-producing medium intermediate store by the flow resistance of throttling arrangement, but also technology cost that may be few promptly just can make the evaporator system that has different refrigerant amounts adapt to the various different possibilities of using under the situation of the flow resistance that purpose change throttling arrangement is arranged.

According to a kind of preferred structure pattern of the present invention, when the refrigerant flow decanting point was close to the end that is arranged in the feeder connection side that produces the evaporimeter that low temperature uses, about introducing throttling arrangement, producing the evaporimeter that low temperature uses was simple especially on manufacturing process.

According to another kind of structural shape of the present invention, produce on the evaporimeter that low temperature uses and when between them, occupying a section of coolant channel of this evaporimeter, then can enlarge the adjustable range of that evaporimeter that is positioned at these cascade evaporation device ends separated by a distance being arranged in of refrigerant flow decanting point by simple especially mode.

According to another preferred structure pattern of the present invention, the evaporimeter that generation low temperature is used is made shape freezer evaporator, and it is two decanting points of layout separated by a distance at its top.

The advantage of this structural shape is, when operation, not only guaranteed a coolant flow decanting point, and guaranteed another coolant flow decanting point, make whole coolant flow all be arranged in refrigerating circuit, the bottom of freezer evaporator because cold-producing medium is always flowed through, in the pressure maintaining period of coolant compressor, cold-producing medium concentrates on this bottom.Thereby cold-producing medium siphons away from the refrigerating chamber bottom immediately after having guaranteed compressor start, can be unblockedly along with flowing so for example be positioned at the residual refrigeration dosage at refrigerating chamber top.Thereby make whole refrigerant amount after coolant compressor starts, be arranged in refrigerating circuit immediately, therefore, realized the extra high efficiency operation of refrigeration machine.

According to another preferred structure pattern of the present invention, when the changement of two coolant flow decanting point control usefulness was made electronic 3/2-solenoid directional control valve, it was simple especially that the sensor signal that the electricity consumption submode is handled is controlled this changement.

According to last preferred structure pattern of the present invention, when throttling arrangement was made the throttle pipe with different through-flow cross sections, then this throttling arrangement was simple especially and cheap.

Schematic diagram below in conjunction with the refrigeration machine with three temperature provinces illustrates the present invention.

Accompanying drawing is represented:

Fig. 1 has the rough schematic view of the refrigeration machine of three cool rooms, its freezer evaporator have two adjacent layouts, respectively be furnished with the refrigerant flow decanting point of the throttling arrangement of a various flows dynamic resistance, wherein in first kind of method of operation, this throttling arrangement is controlled with higher flow resistance;

Fig. 2 refrigeration machine shown in Figure 1 refrigerant flow decanting point by the second kind of method of operation operation time is regulated with being positioned at having than the throttling arrangement of small flow resistance of its front.

Fig. 1 represents to have refrigeration machine 10 thermally insulating housing 11, that have three temperature provinces, has arranged three up and down with thermal insulation board 12 cool rooms spaced apart from each other in this shell.Wherein the most next cool room for example is that temperature range is+0.5 ℃～+ 3 ℃ the fresh-keeping chamber 13 with an evaporimeter 14, is that a temperature is+0.5 ℃～+ 8 ℃ the metric system cold house 15 with an evaporimeter 16 on it.Be that a temperature is-18 ℃ a refrigerating chamber 17 above metric system cold house 15, a cooling cross section of this refrigerating chamber roughly is the evaporimeter 18 with a section, a rear wall and an end section of shape (U-shaped of traverse).Evaporimeter 18 has disposed a coolant channel 19 that extends by its top section, rear wall and its end section continuously, this passage is furnished with two adjacent refrigerant flow decanting points 20,21 at the end that it is positioned at top section entrance side, wherein connect a channel section 21.1 in refrigerant flow decanting point 21 back, this section is communicated with coolant channel 19 at the inlet 21.2 that is positioned at refrigerant flow decanting point 20 back.Respectively be connected a throttling arrangement 22 or 23 made from the throttle pipe of spirality coiling in these two refrigerant flow decanting points 20 and 21 fronts, wherein throttling arrangement 22 is connected with decanting point 20 and has higher flow resistance than the throttling arrangement 23 that is connected with decanting point 21 at outlet side at outlet side.Throttling arrangement 22 and its arrival end of 23 usefulness are connected by the hydrodynamics requirement with the outlet of an automatically controlled 3/2-solenoid directional control valve of using as changement respectively.Having the throttling arrangement 22 that increases flow resistance is communicated with its valve location 1 by 3/2-solenoid directional control valve 24, the decanting point 20 that is connected on the throttling arrangement back is connected with refrigerating circuit, then connects the cold-producing medium decanting point 21 and the throttling arrangement 23 that is positioned at its front of refrigerating circuit at its valve location II.This refrigerating circuit has a condenser 25, and this condenser is connected with 3/2-solenoid directional control valve 24 at outlet side, and this condenser then is connected on the pressure side going up of coolant compressor 26 at outlet side.This compressor is connected the end of outlet side of the coolant channel of the cooling evaporimeter 14 in metric system cold house 15 by the hydrodynamics requirement by a refrigerant tubing 27 in the suction side, this evaporimeter then is positioned at the evaporimeter 18,16 of arranged in series and 14 end.In order to regulate the temperature in single cool room 13,15 and 17, be provided with a not shown adjusting device in metric system cold house 15, this installs according to adjuster position (for example " temperature " or " cold ") conversion electromagnetic valve 24 in its operating position 1 or at its operating position II.If refrigeration machine 10 is in adjuster position " temperature " operation, then this magnetic valve is positioned at its operating position I, thereby negotiablely flows with the cooling agent shown in the thick line in Fig. 1.At operating position I, the increase of the cooling agent of cooled dose of compressor 26 forced circulation by throttling arrangement 22 flow resistance enter the coolant flow decanting point 20 at evaporimeter 18 tops, from this top that flows to it again through the rear wall and the bottom thereof of this evaporimeter and the evaporimeter 14 of sending into fresh-keeping chamber 13 from this.In this working method, the evaporimeter 16 that is connected evaporimeter 14 back moves lacking under the situation of cold-producing medium, because the refrigerant amount by coolant compressor 26 circulations in refrigerant loop is to determine like this, promptly be positioned at " temperature " adjuster position of its operating position I at magnetic valve 24, the evaporimeter 16 of metric system cold house 15 no longer may be supplied with liquid refrigerant, so it does not freeze.

When the adjuster in the metric system cold house 15 was adjusted to its adjuster position " cold ", magnetic valve 24 was transformed into its run location II, in this position, can obtain Fig. 2 with the refrigerant flow shown in the thick line.In the II of operating position, throttling arrangement 23 inflows of cold-producing medium through have less circulating resistance with respect to throttling arrangement 22 of being carried by coolant compressor 27 are positioned at the decanting point 21 that evaporimeter 18 top sections directly are connected decanting point 20 back.Cold-producing medium flows into its top section again from this through freezer evaporator 18 top section, rear wall and bottom, from the cooling evaporimeter 14 of this inflow fresh-keeping chamber 13, this evaporimeter is positioned at evaporimeter 18 back of series connection then.Behind the evaporimeter 14 of flowing through, cold-producing medium flows into the evaporimeter 16 that is used for making metric system cold house refrigeration on the evaporimeter rearmost position that is arranged in series connection, is the cold-producing medium of gaseous state through refrigerant tubing 27 suction coolant compressors 26 from this handle then.Because the distance of evaporimeter interior two decanting points 20 of 18 top sections and 21 is very little, so the evaporimeter 14,16 and 17 of arranged in series has reached the charging quantity of the best of cold-producing medium, this is because in two kinds of working methods, the cause that the passage length that liquid refrigeration is flowed through is at least roughly isometric.

Without Fig. 1 and the described embodiment of Fig. 2, the bigger distance of also can being separated by is arranged decanting point 20 and 21, wherein decanting point 20 is arranged in the top section of freezer evaporator, and decanting point 21 then is arranged in its end section, thereby can improve the adjustment of each cool room 13,15 and 17 more significantly.

For when putting into a large amount of fresh refrigeration things and make certain cool room stand temperature load, then cold-producing medium stream just is transformed into the evaporimeter of the cool room that stands this temperature load by a for example electronically controlled pressure conversion equipment.

Claims

1. the refrigeration machine that has a thermally insulating housing, in this thermally insulating housing, be provided with the mutual heat insulation cool room of two different temperatures at least, wherein each cool room all disposes an evaporimeter with corresponding refrigerating efficiency and freezes, these cooling evaporimeters of each cool room are disposed in series in the refrigerating circuit and by a compressor the supply system cryogen that is arranged in this refrigerating circuit together, it is characterized by, at least be provided with two decanting points (20 being used to produce on the same upstream evaporimeter (18) of low temperature, 21), wherein each decanting point front has all connected a throttling arrangement (22 with different circulating resistances, 23), and each throttling arrangement all can control by a changement (24).

2. by the refrigeration machine of claim 1, it is characterized by, two decanting points (20,21) are close to the end of the entrance side that is arranged in the passage (19) that produces the evaporimeter (18) that low temperature uses.

3. by the refrigeration machine of claim 1, it is characterized by, these two decanting points are separated by a distance to be arranged in and to produce on the evaporimeter (18) that lower temperature uses, and occupies a section of coolant channel (19) of this evaporimeter (18) between them.

4. by each refrigeration machine of claim 1～3, it is characterized by, produce the freezer evaporator that evaporimeter (18) that low temperature uses is made shape, two decanting points (20,21) are close to the top that is arranged in this evaporimeter.

5. by the refrigeration machine of claim 1, it is characterized by, two decanting points (20,21) are regulated the changement of usefulness and are made electronic 3/2-solenoid directional control valve (24).

6. by the refrigeration machine of claim 1, it is characterized by, throttling arrangement (22,23) is made the throttle pipe with different through-flow cross sections.