CN115572184A - Method for constructing multi-level micron rough structure on ceramic glaze surface - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of super-hydrophobic, in particular to a method for constructing a multi-level micron rough structure on a ceramic glaze surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrophobic material preparation, in particular to a method for constructing a multi-level micron rough structure on a ceramic glaze surface.
Background
At present, the micro-nano multi-scale particles with high wear-resistant rough structures are widely applied to the field of construction of surfaces of super-hydrophobic materials, the super-hydrophobic surfaces constructed by the micro-nano multi-scale particles have excellent performance in the aspects of basic research and practical application, and therefore, more and more attention is paid, the focus of attention is mainly focused on the aspects of the multi-level rough structure morphology of the micro-nano multi-scale particles and the regulation and control mechanism of chemical composition, under general conditions, the micro-nano multi-scale particle rough structures for constructing the super-hydrophobic surfaces are mostly realized through physical adsorption or chemical bonding among micron-scale and nano-scale structures with different shapes and dimensions, and the bonding modes comprise adhesion, electrostatic mutual attraction, ionic bonding, coordination bonding, hydrogen bonding, conjugate delocalization and the like.
However, the mutual binding effect between the micro-nano multi-scale particle structures constructed based on the above method is generally weak, and the problem of damaged morphology of the coarse structure is easily caused when extreme conditions are met, so that the constructed functional surface has the defects of reduced super-hydrophobic property, poor physical and chemical stability, poor durability and the like.
The existing micro-nano multi-scale particles for constructing the super-hydrophobic surface are mainly prepared by the following two methods: (1) Firstly, constructing a rough structure, and then carrying out low surface energy modification; (2) The method comprises the following steps of firstly carrying out low surface energy modification on a micron-scale structure and a nanometer-scale structure, and then forming a rough structure through a related process, wherein the two methods have more operation steps and process links, part of conditions and parameters are more complicated and harsh, the bonding property of micro-nano multi-scale particles and a ceramic glaze surface is poor, and the intrinsic mechanical strength of a micro-nano multi-scale hydrophobic layer is low, so that the application of the hydrophobic layer in the ceramic field with certain wear-resisting requirements is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for constructing a multi-level micron rough structure on a ceramic glaze surface, and solve the technical problems of low wear resistance and poor long-term stability of hydrophobic property of a hydrophobic coating constructed on the ceramic glaze surface in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for constructing a multi-level micron rough structure on a ceramic glaze surface comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding ceramic powder into an organic polymer aqueous solution, and uniformly dispersing by ultrasonic to obtain a ceramic suspension;
(2) Spraying the ceramic suspension obtained in the step (1) on a ceramic glaze surface, drying and roasting to form a multi-level micron coarse structure on the ceramic glaze surface;
the grain diameter of the ceramic powder is 1-50 μm, and the structure of the ceramic powder is at least one of a spherical structure, an octahedral structure, a flower-shaped structure and a columnar structure;
the organic polymer in the organic polymer water solution is selected from at least one of Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid (EDTA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyaluminum silicate sulfate (PASS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC).
Preferably, the ceramic powder is at least one selected from the group consisting of octahedral spinel powder, spherical alumina powder, columnar mullite powder and flower-like alumina powder, wherein the octahedral spinel powder has a particle size of 1-20 μm, the spherical alumina powder has a particle size of 1-10 μm, the columnar mullite powder has a particle size of 0.5-10 μm and the flower-like alumina powder has a particle size of 10-50 μm.
Preferably, the preparation method of the spinel powder with the octahedral structure comprises the following steps: mixing aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide and aluminum fluoride in a mass ratio of 20-35:60-75:1-6, ball milling and mixing, and then calcining for 1-6h at 1400-1550 ℃ to obtain the octahedral structural spinel powder.
Preferably, the preparation method of the alumina powder with the spherical structure comprises the following steps: mixing urea and aluminum sulfate according to a molar ratio of 0.1-0.2:0.01, placing the mixture into 100-150mL of aqueous solution at the temperature of 180-200 ℃ for reaction for 12-18h, grinding, and then calcining at 1150-1250 ℃ for 2-4h to obtain the alumina powder with the spherical structure.
Preferably, the preparation method of the mullite powder with the columnar structure comprises the following steps: mixing alumina, silicon oxide and aluminum fluoride in a mass ratio of 60-75:25-35:1-5 ball milling and mixing, and then calcining for 2-7h at 1400-1550 ℃ to prepare the mullite powder with the columnar structure.
Preferably, the preparation method of the alumina powder with the flower-like structure comprises the following steps: mixing an aluminum oxide sheet with a PVP solution with the mass concentration of 3-8% according to the mass ratio of 5.
Preferably, the multilevel microroughness structure has a bipolar pore structure with a primary pore size of 6-105 μm and a secondary pore size of 0.8-5 μm.
Preferably, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the ceramic powder to the organic polymer aqueous solution is 1-10.
Preferably, in the step (1), the ultrasonic power is 300-600W, and the ultrasonic time is 10-300s.
Preferably, in the step (2), the spraying temperature is 55-70 ℃, the spraying time is 15-25s, the drying temperature is 50-60 ℃, the drying time is 15-30min, the roasting temperature is 900-1300 ℃, and the roasting time is 20-40min.
Preferably, in the step (2), before the ceramic glaze is sprayed with the ceramic suspension, the steps of cleaning and drying the ceramic glaze are further included; further preferably, the cleaning is performed by water, and the drying may be performed in an oven or by natural air drying.
Preferably, the ceramic glaze comprises feldspar glaze, lime glaze, lead glaze, zinc glaze, magnesium glaze or lithium glaze.
The invention also provides a ceramic, wherein the glaze surface of the ceramic is provided with a multistage micron rough structure, and the multistage micron rough structure is prepared by the method.
Preferably, the method further comprises the steps of immersing the ceramic in the hydrophobic coating, taking out the ceramic, and drying and curing the ceramic in air to obtain the ceramic with the hydrophobic layer structure.
Preferably, the hydrophobic coating is selected from any one of fluorine/silicon hydrophobic materials, hydrophobic high molecular melt polymers, and organic-inorganic hybrid hydrophobic materials.
Preferably, the dipping temperature is 5-40 ℃, and the dipping time is 20-35s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention adopts micron-sized ceramic powder with a specific shape, and the micron-sized ceramic powder is mixed with an organic polymer aqueous solution to obtain a ceramic suspension, then the ceramic suspension is sprayed on a ceramic glaze surface, a series of physical and chemical changes are generated between multi-level micron ceramic particles and the ceramic glaze surface through drying and roasting, the multi-level micron ceramic particles are sintered on the surface layer of the enamel, so that a ceramic-based multi-level micron coarse structure with height difference and two or more micron-scale pore distributions is formed on the ceramic surface, and after the ceramic with the multi-level micron coarse structure is loaded with a hydrophobic coating, the obtained hydrophobic coating has excellent wear resistance and long-term stability of hydrophobic property, and after multiple wear resistance tests, the hydrophobic property and the wear resistance of the hydrophobic coating are not obviously reduced.
(2) The ceramic with the multistage micron coarse structure provided by the invention can obviously improve the self-cleaning performance of the glaze hydrophobic coating and can also improve the service life of the hydrophobic coating under the abrasion working condition.
(3) According to the ceramic-based multi-level micron rough structure, ceramic powder with a specific structure is adopted, and after the ceramic with the rough structure is loaded with the hydrophobic coating, the hydrophobic coating can be further ensured to have excellent wear resistance and long-term stability of hydrophobic property.
(4) The multi-level micron rough structure obtained by the invention has a bipolar pore structure, wherein the primary pore diameter is 6-105 μm, and the secondary pore diameter is 0.8-5 μm, so that the hydrophobic coating can be further ensured to have excellent wear resistance and long-term stability of hydrophobic property.
(5) Compared with the traditional single-scale structure, the secondary rough structure of the multi-scale rough structure plays a certain protection role on the hydrophobic coating, the pore structure is enriched, the actual contact area fraction of the solid and the liquid drop is reduced more, the area fraction of the hydrophobic material is reduced less, and therefore the multi-scale rough structure is more beneficial to maintaining the stability of the hydrophobic performance.
(6) The invention has the advantages of low cost of raw materials, simple preparation process and equipment, convenient operation, high production efficiency and no pollution, and can be widely used for modifying hydrophobic coatings on ceramic surfaces; the method does not influence the original ceramic forming, glazing and firing process system, can obviously improve the wear resistance of the ceramic glaze hydrophobic coating, and has the advantages of long service life, high aging resistance and excellent hydrophobic property of the hydrophobic coating after the hydrophobic coating is loaded on the ceramic glaze surface.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of a multi-level micro-roughness structure prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of a multi-level micro-roughness structure prepared in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of a multi-level micro-roughness structure prepared in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a scanning electron microscope image of a multi-level micro-roughness structure prepared in example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a multi-level microroughness structure prepared in examples 1-4 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a scanning electron micrograph of the ceramic glaze of comparative example 1;
FIG. 7 is a scanning electron micrograph of the micro-roughness structure obtained in step (4) of comparative example 2;
FIG. 8 is a contact angle test chart of a hydrophobic layer having a ceramic with a hydrophobic layer structure prepared in example 1 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 2;
fig. 9 is a rolling angle test chart of the hydrophobic layer having the hydrophobic layer structure ceramic prepared in example 1 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to specific preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the chemical reagents involved in the present invention are commercially available.
The ceramics used in the following examples and comparative examples were selected from Jingdezhen white glaze, which belongs to feldspar glaze and is available from Jingdezhen Tongmen porcelain industry Co., ltd; perfluorodecyl trichlorosilane is available from hobei kefu materials science and technology ltd, CAS:78560-44-8; alumina ceramic powder having a sheet structure was purchased from chemical industries, ltd; ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) was purchased from national pharmaceutical group chemical reagents, inc., and was analytically pure; polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was purchased from Tay chemical Co., ltd, tin-free, and analyzed; polyaluminum silicate sulfate (PASS) was purchased from Chongqing Western chemical Co., ltd; polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was purchased from national pharmaceutical group chemicals, ltd, 99%; carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) available from alatin, DS =0.7, 200-500mpa.s; the hydrophobic coating A, the hydrophobic coating B and the hydrophobic coating C are all purchased from Shenzhen dimension crystal high-new material science and technology Limited.
Example 1
A preparation method of ceramic with a hydrophobic layer structure comprises the following steps:
(1) Cleaning the ceramic with water, and then naturally drying to obtain a clean ceramic glaze surface for later use;
(2) Adding 3g of EDTA into 100g of deionized water, heating, stirring and dissolving to obtain an organic polymer aqueous solution;
(3) Mixing and ball-milling 2.83g of alumina, 6.87g of magnesia and 0.3g of aluminum fluoride, putting the mixture into a muffle furnace after the ball-milling is finished, calcining the mixture for 5 hours at 1450 ℃, and then grinding the mixture to prepare spinel ceramic powder with the particle size of 10-20 mu m and an octahedral structure; mixing and ball-milling 2.83g of alumina, 6.87g of magnesia and 0.3g of aluminum fluoride, putting the mixture into a muffle furnace after the ball-milling is finished, calcining the mixture for 1 hour at 1500 ℃, and then grinding the mixture to prepare spinel ceramic powder with the particle size of 1-10 mu m and an octahedral structure; the spinel powder with two particle size distributions can improve the level of the particles distributed on the glaze surface;
(4) Respectively weighing 3.5g of spinel ceramic powder with two particle size distributions, adding the weighed particles into 93g of the organic polymer aqueous solution prepared in the step (2), and performing ultrasonic treatment for 300s under the ultrasonic power of 300W to obtain a ceramic suspension;
(5) Spraying the ceramic suspension obtained in the step (4) on a ceramic glaze surface, wherein the spraying temperature is 60 ℃, the spraying time is 20s, the ceramic suspension is uniformly attached to the ceramic glaze surface, then drying the ceramic glaze surface at 50 ℃ for 20min, then placing the ceramic glaze surface in a high-temperature furnace, heating the ceramic glaze surface to 900 ℃, roasting the ceramic glaze surface for 20min, and then naturally cooling the ceramic glaze surface to obtain ceramic with a multistage micron coarse structure;
(6) And (3) cleaning the ceramic with the glaze surface having the multi-level micron coarse structure obtained in the step (5) by using deionized water, drying, then soaking the ceramic in a hydrophobic coating A (20 wt% of fluorine-modified silicon dioxide, 3wt% of liquid silicon rubber and 77wt% of butyl acetate) at the soaking temperature of 30 ℃ for 20s, taking out, air-drying and curing for 36h to obtain the ceramic with the hydrophobic layer structure.
In the step (5) of this embodiment, a jade-like multi-level micro-roughness structure with a two-level pore structure is formed on the ceramic glaze, wherein the primary pore size is 6-18 μm, and the secondary pore size is 2-4 μm, the microstructure of the multi-level micro-roughness structure is shown in fig. 1, and the schematic structural diagram is shown in fig. 5 (a).
Example 2
A preparation method of ceramic with a hydrophobic layer structure comprises the following steps:
(1) Cleaning the ceramic with water, and then naturally drying to obtain a clean ceramic glaze surface for later use;
(2) Adding 5.5g of PASS and 2.5g of CMC into 100g of deionized water, heating, stirring and dissolving to obtain an organic polymer aqueous solution, wherein the high-concentration mixed polymer solution plays a role in steric hindrance;
(3) Putting 0.2mol of urea and 0.01mol of aluminum sulfate into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, reacting for 12h at 180 ℃, drying and grinding, putting into a muffle furnace, and calcining for 2h at 1200 ℃ to prepare alumina ceramic powder with the particle size of 1-10 mu m and a spherical structure;
(4) Adding 5g of alumina ceramic powder into 95g of the organic polymer aqueous solution prepared in the step (2), and performing ultrasonic treatment for 10s under the ultrasonic power of 600W to obtain a ceramic suspension;
(5) Spraying the ceramic suspension obtained in the step (4) on a ceramic glaze surface, wherein the spraying temperature is 70 ℃, the spraying time is 25s, the ceramic suspension is uniformly attached to the ceramic glaze surface, then drying the ceramic glaze surface at 60 ℃ for 30min, then placing the ceramic glaze surface into a high-temperature furnace to heat to 1300 ℃, roasting the ceramic glaze surface for 40min, and then naturally cooling the ceramic glaze surface to obtain ceramic with a multistage micron coarse structure;
(6) And (3) cleaning the ceramic with the glaze surface having the multi-level micron coarse structure obtained in the step (5) by using deionized water, drying, then soaking the ceramic in a hydrophobic coating B (main components: 20wt% of semi-fluorine modified silicon dioxide, 3wt% of organic silicon resin and 77wt% of ethanol), wherein the soaking temperature is 40 ℃, the soaking time is 15s, and taking out the ceramic, and then drying and curing the ceramic for 36h to obtain the ceramic with the hydrophobic layer structure.
In the step (5) of this embodiment, a fish-roe-shaped multi-level micro-roughness structure with a two-level pore structure is formed on the ceramic glaze, wherein the pore size of the first level is 8-15 μm, the pore size of the second level is 1-5 μm, the microstructure of the multi-level micro-roughness structure is shown in fig. 2, and the schematic structural diagram is shown in fig. 5 (b).
Example 3
A preparation method of ceramic with a hydrophobic layer structure comprises the following steps:
(1) Cleaning the ceramic with water, and then naturally drying to obtain a clean ceramic glaze surface for later use;
(2) Adding 3g of PVA into 100g of deionized water, heating, stirring and dissolving to obtain an organic polymer aqueous solution;
(3) Mixing 6.7g of alumina, 3g of silicon oxide and 0.3g of aluminum fluoride, ball-milling, then placing in a muffle furnace, and calcining for 5 hours at 1450 ℃ to prepare mullite ceramic powder with a columnar structure and a grain size of 0.5-10 mu m;
(4) Adding 10g of mullite ceramic powder into 90g of the organic polymer aqueous solution prepared in the step (2), and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 300s under the ultrasonic power of 300W to obtain a ceramic suspension;
(5) Spraying the ceramic suspension obtained in the step (4) on a ceramic glaze surface, wherein the spraying temperature is 55 ℃, the spraying time is 15s, the ceramic suspension is uniformly attached to the ceramic glaze surface, then drying the ceramic glaze surface at 60 ℃ for 15min, then placing the ceramic glaze surface into a high-temperature furnace to heat to 1250 ℃, roasting the ceramic glaze surface for 20min, and then naturally cooling the ceramic glaze surface to obtain ceramic with a multistage micron coarse structure;
(6) And (3) cleaning the ceramic with the glaze surface having the multilevel micron coarse structure obtained in the step (5) by using deionized water, drying, then soaking the ceramic in the hydrophobic coating perfluorodecyl trichlorosilane at the soaking temperature of 20 ℃ for 20s, taking out the ceramic, and drying and curing the ceramic for 36h to obtain the ceramic with the hydrophobic layer structure.
In the step (5) of this example, a weed-like multi-level micro rough structure with a two-level pore structure is formed on the ceramic glaze, wherein the pore size of the first level is 6-14 μm, and the pore size of the second level is 0.8-3.2 μm, the microstructure of the multi-level micro rough structure is shown in fig. 3, and the schematic structural diagram is shown in fig. 5 (c).
Example 4
A preparation method of ceramic with a hydrophobic layer structure comprises the following steps:
(1) Cleaning the ceramic with water, and then naturally drying to obtain a clean ceramic glaze surface for later use;
(2) Adding 5g of PVP into 100g of deionized water, heating, stirring and dissolving to obtain an organic polymer aqueous solution, wherein the solution has the characteristic of bonding an aluminum oxide sheet into a microsphere;
(3) Adding 10g of aluminum oxide ceramic powder with a sheet structure into 91g of the organic polymer aqueous solution prepared in the step (2), and performing ultrasonic treatment for 100s at the ultrasonic power of 400W to obtain a ceramic suspension;
(4) Spraying the ceramic suspension obtained in the step (3) on a ceramic glaze surface, wherein the spraying temperature is 65 ℃, the spraying time is 25s, the ceramic suspension is uniformly attached to the ceramic glaze surface, then drying the ceramic glaze surface at 50 ℃ for 30min, then placing the ceramic glaze surface into a high-temperature furnace to heat to 1250 ℃, roasting the ceramic glaze surface for 30min, and then naturally cooling the ceramic glaze surface to obtain ceramic with a multistage micron coarse structure;
(5) And (3) cleaning the ceramic with the glaze surface having the multi-level micron coarse structure obtained in the step (4) by using deionized water, drying, then soaking the ceramic in a hydrophobic coating C (main components: 15wt% of fluorine-modified silicon dioxide, 5wt% of polyurethane and 80wt% of ethanol), wherein the soaking temperature is 30 ℃, the soaking time is 30s, and taking out the ceramic, and then drying and curing the ceramic for 36h to obtain the ceramic with the hydrophobic layer structure.
In the step (4) of this embodiment, a flower-like multi-level micro-roughness structure with a two-level pore structure is formed on the ceramic glaze, wherein the pore size of the first level is 50-105 μm, and the pore size of the second level is 1-5 μm, the microstructure of the multi-level micro-roughness structure is shown in fig. 4, and the schematic structural diagram is shown in fig. 5 (d).
Comparative example 1
Compared with the preparation method of the ceramic with the hydrophobic layer structure in the embodiment 1, the preparation method of the ceramic with the hydrophobic layer structure is different in that the ceramic suspension liquid is not sprayed on the ceramic glaze surface, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Cleaning the ceramic with water, and then naturally drying to obtain a clean ceramic glaze surface for later use;
(2) And (2) soaking the ceramic obtained in the step (1) in a hydrophobic coating A (the main components comprise 20wt% of fluorine-modified silicon dioxide, 3wt% of silicon rubber SYCGARD and 77wt% of butyl acetate), wherein the soaking temperature is 30 ℃, the soaking time is 20s, and after the ceramic is taken out, air drying and curing are carried out for 36h, so that the ceramic with the hydrophobic layer structure is obtained.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the preparation method of the ceramic with the hydrophobic layer structure in the embodiment 1, the preparation method of the ceramic with the hydrophobic layer structure is different in that no organic polymer is added into the ceramic suspension, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Cleaning the ceramic with water, and then naturally drying to obtain a clean ceramic glaze surface for later use;
(2) Selecting industrial waste porcelain powder (from Baixin electric porcelain, inc. in Jiangxi), sieving with a 250-mesh sieve, and taking the sieved part;
(3) Adding 9g of waste porcelain powder into 91g of deionized water, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 300s under the ultrasonic power of 300W to obtain a ceramic suspension;
(4) Spraying the ceramic suspension obtained in the step (3) on a ceramic glaze surface, wherein the spraying temperature is 60 ℃, the spraying time is 20s, the ceramic suspension is uniformly attached to the ceramic glaze surface, then drying the ceramic glaze surface at 50 ℃ for 20min, then placing the ceramic glaze surface in a high-temperature furnace, heating the ceramic glaze surface to 900 ℃, roasting the ceramic glaze surface for 20min, and naturally cooling the ceramic glaze surface to obtain ceramic with a micron coarse structure;
(5) And (5) cleaning the ceramic with the glaze surface having the micron coarse structure obtained in the step (4) by using deionized water, drying, then soaking the ceramic in a hydrophobic coating A (20 wt% of fluorine-modified silicon dioxide, 3wt% of silicon rubber SYCGARD and 77wt% of butyl acetate) at the soaking temperature of 30 ℃ for 20s, taking out the ceramic, and air-drying and curing the ceramic for 36h to obtain the ceramic with the hydrophobic layer structure.
Testing the contact angle and the rolling angle of the ceramic with the hydrophobic layer structure obtained in the examples 1-4 and the comparative examples 1-2, then carrying out 100 times of wear resistance tests on the hydrophobic layer of the ceramic, and then testing the contact angle, the rolling angle and the wear rate of the hydrophobic layer;
the wear-resisting test comprises the following specific steps: taking polyurethane sponge as a wear medium, testing the wear resistance of the hydrophobic coating by adopting a linear wear meter (Taber-5750), weighing the mass of the sample every 1 time of grinding with the load of 100g, the wear speed of 5cm/s and the wear path of 50cm each time in the wear process of the sample, and testing the contact angle and the rolling angle, wherein the wear is carried out for 100 times in total, and the ratio of the mass loss of the coating after 100 times to the coating amount is the wear rate;
the contact angle and the rolling angle of each sample after being coated with the hydrophobic coating and after being worn are characterized by a contact angle tester (HARKE-SPCA) of Beijing Haake according to the GB/T30447-2013 standard, and the test results are shown in the table 1 and figures 8-9:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from fig. 8 and 9, the relatively smooth glaze of the roughness structure can effectively improve the wear resistance of the hydrophobic layer, and the multi-level roughness structure can more effectively improve the wear resistance of the hydrophobic layer compared with the conventional single-level roughness structure, which is attributed to: 1. the multi-stage coarse structure has more abundant pore structures than a single-stage coarse structure, and more composite spaces can be left for the hydrophobic coating; 2. in the wearing and tearing process, the ceramic particle among the single-stage coarse structure exposes by a large scale easily, leads to the surface energy of hydrophobic layer to improve, and the protection of multistage coarse structure to hydrophobic coating divide into two dimensions, and wherein I level structure can make pore structure thereby improves hydrophobicity, and II level structure has avoided the large tracts of land of ceramic particle to expose, plays the effect of keeping hydrophobic layer surface low surface energy. This patent proposes four typical multilevel rough structure construction methods: a jade dew-like multilevel coarse structure formed by spinel with two grain distributions in the first example; in the second embodiment, an alumina fish roe-shaped multi-level micron rough structure constructed by steric hindrance is formed by high-concentration mixed polymer solution; in example three, a weed-like multi-level micro-roughness structure was produced by powder agglomeration and random directional dumping of mullite cylinders; and in the fourth example, the alumina clump-shaped multi-level micron rough structure is constructed by the agglomeration of the PVP solution on the flaky alumina powder.
Finally, it is to be noted that: the above examples do not limit the invention in any way. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made to the present invention. Accordingly, any modification or improvement made without departing from the spirit of the present invention is within the scope of the claimed invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for constructing a multilevel micron rough structure on a ceramic glaze surface is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Adding ceramic powder into an organic polymer aqueous solution, and uniformly dispersing by ultrasonic to obtain a ceramic suspension;
(2) Spraying the ceramic suspension obtained in the step (1) on a ceramic glaze surface, drying and roasting to form a multi-level micron coarse structure on the ceramic glaze surface;
the grain diameter of the ceramic powder is 1-50 μm, and the structure of the ceramic powder is at least one of a spherical structure, an octahedral structure, a flower-shaped structure and a columnar structure;
the organic polymer in the organic polymer water solution is selected from at least one of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone, aluminum polysilicate sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol and carboxymethyl cellulose.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic powder is at least one selected from the group consisting of octahedral spinel powder, spherical alumina powder, columnar mullite powder, and flower-like alumina powder, wherein the octahedral spinel powder has a particle size of 1-20 μm, the spherical alumina powder has a particle size of 1-10 μm, the columnar mullite powder has a particle size of 0.5-10 μm, and the flower-like alumina powder has a particle size of 10-50 μm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the multilevel microroughness structure has a bipolar pore structure with a primary pore size of 6-105 μm and a secondary pore size of 0.8-5 μm.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the mass ratio of the ceramic powder to the organic polymer aqueous solution is 1-10.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the ultrasonic power is 300-600W, and the ultrasonic time is 10-300s.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the spraying temperature is 55-70 ℃, the spraying time is 15-25s, the drying temperature is 50-60 ℃, the drying time is 15-30min, the roasting temperature is 900-1300 ℃, and the roasting time is 20-40min.
7. A ceramic having a glaze with a multilevel microroughness produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The ceramic of claim 7, further comprising immersing the ceramic in a hydrophobic coating, and air drying and curing the ceramic after removal to provide the ceramic with a hydrophobic layer structure.
9. The ceramic of claim 8, wherein the hydrophobic coating is selected from any one of fluorine/silicon hydrophobic materials, hydrophobic polymer melt polymers, organic-inorganic hybrid hydrophobic materials.
10. The ceramic of claim 8, wherein the impregnation temperature is 5-40 ℃ and the impregnation time is 20-35s.
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