CN115567947A

CN115567947A - Deployment method and device of air base station and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN115567947A
Application number: CN202211047553.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 尹梦君; 林巍; 高娴; 王紫程
Original assignee: Inspur Communication Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Inspur Communication Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-29
Filing date: 2022-08-29
Publication date: 2023-01-03

Abstract

The invention provides a deployment method and device of an aerial base station and electronic equipment, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The method comprises the following steps: determining the deployment number, the coverage radius and the coverage area of the first aerial base station; and performing coverage maximization filling on the area to be deployed through a coverage area corresponding to the coverage area of each first aerial base station, determining the projection position of each first aerial base station on the ground, determining the first height and the first transmitting power for deployment of each first aerial base station, and implementing deployment. According to the deployment method of the aerial base stations, the communication coverage of the maximum coverage area is carried out on the area to be covered by utilizing a certain number of first aerial base stations, the coverage radius of the first aerial base stations is determined, the actual deployment position and the transmitting power of each first aerial base station are further determined, the maximum communication coverage can be completed on the area to be covered in an emergency scene, and the utilization efficiency of communication resources is improved.

Description

Deployment method and device of air base station and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for deploying an air base station, and an electronic device.

Background

Emergency communication refers to a communication means and method for comprehensively utilizing various communication resources to ensure rescue, emergency rescue and necessary communication when natural or artificial emergent situations occur and the communication requirements such as important festivals and holidays suddenly increase. With the development of mobile communication devices and the sophisticated change of emergency situations, the information and instructions transmitted in 5G and 6G networks are no longer limited to voice services, while still providing stable, secure, instant video transmission services.

With the advent of the new generation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), the Unmanned Aerial vehicles have more advanced avionics, guidance, and autopilot systems. Drones are emerging for more and more uses, such as performing disaster relief to establish dynamic, scalable communication networks. Currently, there is a wide interest in the research related to the air base station, and a Low Altitude Platform (LAP) is easier to deploy than a High Altitude Platform (HAP), and is consistent with the concept of cellular network application.

Under the severe influence of natural disasters or special events, the ground communication infrastructure may be severely damaged. Rapid deployment of network coverage alternatives for a wide range of affected areas is an important solution to the failure. During deployment, the performance of the primary network is severely impacted. How to rapidly deploy a large-scale air base station on a low-altitude platform to achieve maximum network coverage is an urgent problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a deployment method, a deployment device and electronic equipment of an aerial base station, which are used for solving the defect that the aerial base station is difficult to deploy quickly in an emergency scene in the prior art and realizing the deployment of the aerial base station in the emergency scene so as to realize communication coverage to the maximum extent.

The invention provides a deployment method of an aerial base station, which comprises the following steps:

determining a deployment number of first airborne base stations;

determining the coverage radius and the coverage area of each first aerial base station based on the area of the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed and the deployment quantity;

performing coverage maximization filling on the region to be deployed through a coverage area corresponding to the coverage area of each first aerial base station, and determining the projection position of each first aerial base station on the ground;

determining a first altitude and a first transmission power of each first airborne base station deployment based on the coverage radius of each first airborne base station;

deploying each first airborne base station in the air of the area to be deployed based on the projected position, the first altitude, and the first transmit power.

According to the deployment method of the aerial base stations provided by the invention, the step of determining the coverage radius and the coverage area of each first aerial base station based on the area of the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed and the deployment number comprises the following steps:

determining the maximum value of the distance between any two points in the region to be deployed based on the area of the region to be deployed and the shape of the region to be deployed;

determining a first circular area by taking a line segment between two points corresponding to the maximum value as a diameter; the first circular area fully covers the area to be deployed;

setting the deployed number of second circular areas within the first circular area such that the second circular areas achieve maximum coverage of the first circular area; the coverage positions of the second circular areas are not overlapped;

and determining the radius of the second circular area as the coverage radius of each first air base station.

According to the deployment method of the aerial base stations provided by the invention, the determining the first height and the first transmission power deployed by each first aerial base station based on the coverage radius of each first aerial base station comprises the following steps:

determining the path loss between a user terminal and the first air base station in a second circular area on the ground, wherein the projection position of the first air base station is taken as the center of a circle, and the coverage radius of the first air base station is taken as the radius;

determining the first transmit power based on the path loss and a minimum received power threshold of the user terminal;

determining the first altitude based on the first transmit power and a coverage radius of the first airborne base station.

According to the deployment method of the air base station provided by the invention, the path loss between the user terminal and the first air base station is determined by the following formula:

wherein, P (LoS) = a (θ) _ij -θ ₀ ) ^b ，P(NLoS)＝1-a(θ _ij -θ ₀ ) ^b ，

Is the path loss between the ith air base station and the jth user terminal, FSPL _ij P (LoS) is a line-of-sight transmission probability and P (NLoS) is a non-line-of-sight transmission probability for free space fading between the ith air base station and the jth user terminal,

transmitting a large scale fading for the line-of-sight between the ith said first airborne base station and the jth said user terminal,

for non line-of-sight transmission large scale fading, θ, between the ith said first airborne base station and the jth said user terminal _ij For the clamp between the transmission path between the ith air base station and the jth user terminal and the groundAngle theta ₀ Is a constant number, theta ₀ ∈[0°,90°]，θ _ij ∈[θ ₀ ,90°]And a and b are both constants.

According to the deployment method of the aerial base station provided by the invention, after the first aerial base station is deployed in the air of the area to be deployed, the method further comprises the following steps:

determining a target area based on the area of the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed, the projection position of the first aerial base station on the ground and the coverage area of the first aerial base station; the target area is an uncovered area of the first aerial base station in the area to be deployed;

deploying at least one remote radio unit in the air of the target area;

the radio remote unit is in communication connection with the first aerial base station, and the first aerial base station and the radio remote unit are used for realizing global communication coverage in the area to be deployed.

According to the deployment method of the aerial base station provided by the invention, after at least one remote radio unit is deployed in the air of the target area, the method further comprises the following steps:

acquiring the transmission information quantity of the user terminal and the position information of the user terminal in the area to be deployed through the first aerial base station and the radio remote unit;

determining at least one hotspot position in the area to be deployed based on the transmission information amount and the position information of the user terminal;

deploying a second airborne base station over the air at each of the hotspot locations.

According to the deployment method of the aerial base station provided by the invention, the second aerial base station communicates with the user terminal through a millimeter wave band.

The invention also provides a deployment device of the aerial base station, which comprises:

a first processing module for determining the number of deployments of the first airborne base station;

a second processing module, configured to determine a coverage radius and a coverage area of each first airborne base station based on an area of a region to be deployed, a shape of the region to be deployed, and the number of deployments;

the third processing module is used for performing coverage maximization filling on the to-be-deployed area through a coverage area corresponding to the coverage area of each first aerial base station and determining the projection position of each first aerial base station on the ground;

a fourth processing module, configured to determine, based on a coverage radius of each first airborne base station, a first height and a first transmit power at which each first airborne base station is deployed;

a fifth processing module, configured to deploy, based on the projection position, the first altitude, and the first transmission power, each first airborne base station in the air of the area to be deployed.

The invention also provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the method for deploying an airborne base station as described in any of the above.

The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a method of deploying an airborne base station as in any of the above.

The invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a method of deploying an airborne base station as in any above.

According to the deployment method, the deployment device and the electronic equipment of the aerial base stations, the maximum coverage area is covered by communication in a certain number of first aerial base stations, the coverage radius of the first aerial base stations is determined, the actual deployment position and the transmission power of each first aerial base station are further determined, the maximum communication coverage of the area to be covered can be achieved in an emergency scene, and the utilization efficiency of communication resources is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a deployment method of an air base station provided in the present invention;

FIG. 2 is one of the coverage areas of a first airborne base station provided by the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a second schematic view of the coverage area of a first airborne base station according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a deployment apparatus of an aerial base station provided in the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The following describes a deployment method, device and electronic equipment of an airborne base station according to the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 5.

The execution subject of the deployment method of the aerial base station according to the embodiment of the present invention may be a control center, and in some embodiments, may also be a controller or a server, where the execution subject is not limited herein. The following describes a deployment method of an air base station according to an embodiment of the present invention, with a control center as an execution subject.

It should be noted that the control center is used for emergency deployment of the post-disaster communication system, and the control center can receive input from a user and issue related instructions to related facilities. Or, the control center can also automatically issue the relevant instruction to the relevant equipment according to a default strategy.

As shown in fig. 1, the method for deploying an airborne base station according to the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes step 110, step 120, step 130, step 140, and step 150.

Step 110, determine the deployment number of the first airborne base stations.

The first air Base Station is an emergency public mobile communication Base Station, and may be an air Base Station (AeBS) in the present embodiment. The first air base station is a radio transceiver station for information transfer between the mobile communication switching center and the terminal in a certain radio coverage area. The baseband part and the radio frequency part of the first airborne base station may be separated. The baseband part may be referred to as a baseband processing unit, the radio frequency part may be referred to as a radio remote unit, and the baseband processing unit and the radio remote unit may be connected by a wired optical fiber or wirelessly.

A Terminal (Terminal) may also be referred to as a User Equipment (UE), a Mobile Station (MS), a Mobile Terminal (Mobile Terminal), an access Terminal, a Terminal device, a subscriber unit, a subscriber Station, a Mobile Station, a remote Terminal, a Mobile device, a User Terminal, a wireless communication device, a User agent, or a User Equipment. The terminal may communicate with one or more core networks through a base station. The terminal may be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a Wireless Local Loop (WLL) station, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a handheld device with Wireless communication function, a computer device or a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a terminal device in a future 5G network, and the like.

Of course, the specific elements comprised by the first airborne base station are not the same in different communication systems. In this embodiment, the first air base station may include only a baseband processing unit and not a radio remote unit. The baseband processing unit comprises a central unit and a distributed unit, and can realize large-range communication emergency coverage by deploying the baseband processing unit with a wider coverage range.

It should be noted that the first air base station provided in the embodiment of the present application may be applied to a networking scenario where a line-of-sight propagation manner or a non-line-of-sight propagation manner needs to be adopted between a base station and a terminal, and a specific type of data transmitted in the networking scenario is not limited in the present application, and may be, for example, voice data, image data, video data, sensor data, control data, and the like.

It will be appreciated that the number of deployments of first airborne base stations is not the greater the better, due to the higher cost of the first airborne base stations for emergency use. Therefore, when determining the deployment number of the first air base station, the deployment cost of the first air base station and the number of the first air base station related equipment of the existing schedulable deployment can be fully considered, and the number of the actual deployments required can be determined by comprehensive consideration.

It will be appreciated that after deriving the number of first airborne base stations available for deployment, the number may be taken as the first airborne base station deployment number. In other words, the deployment number may be a custom number.

Step 120, determining the coverage radius and the coverage area of each first airborne base station based on the area of the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed and the number of deployments.

It should be noted that the area to be deployed may be an area subjected to a disaster, or the area to be deployed is an area where emergency communication needs to be restored after the disaster.

In some embodiments, the area and shape of the area to be deployed may be first mapped by satellite or drone.

For example, a patrol drone may be utilized to scan the area to be deployed. The mode of scanning is that unmanned aerial vehicle carries out continuous shooting high definition image along fixed direction, speed and height to the area of suffering from a disaster. In this case, the photos taken every two times must maintain a certain overlapping area to ensure that the images can be completely spliced, thereby obtaining complete and accurate shape and area data of the region to be deployed.

In the prior art, in a process of deploying a base station by performing communication coverage on a certain area, a deployment height and a transmission power of the base station are generally determined according to a communication requirement of a demand scene, a coverage radius of the base station is further determined, and then a deployment number of the base station is determined.

In the present embodiment, existing base station resources are preferentially used to achieve communication coverage over a wider range. That is, in the present embodiment, after the deployment number of the first airborne base stations is determined, the coverage radius and the coverage area of the first airborne base stations are determined, and then the height and the transmission power of the deployment of the first airborne base stations are determined.

In some embodiments, determining the coverage radius and the coverage area of each first airborne base station based on the area of the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed, and the number of deployments may include the following process.

The maximum value of the distance between any two points in the region to be deployed may be determined based on the area of the region to be deployed and the shape of the region to be deployed, and the first circular region may be determined by using a line segment between two points corresponding to the maximum value as a diameter.

It should be noted that the first circular area fully covers the area to be deployed.

In this embodiment, the region to be deployed may be placed between two parallel straight lines, both of which pass through the boundary of the region to be deployed. The distance between the two straight lines can be adjusted continuously to determine the position of two intersection points of the area to be deployed and the two straight lines, and then the line segment between the two points corresponding to the maximum value is used as the diameter to determine the first circular area.

It can be understood that, in order to cover the area of the area to be deployed as large as possible by the first air base station, the first circular area with a circular boundary may be determined to fully cover the area to be deployed, so as to solve the maximum filling strategy in the complex two-dimensional bounded space filling problem.

Since the coverage area of the base station is a circular area, in some embodiments, the area to be deployed may be fully covered by an elliptical area first, so as to solve the maximum filling strategy of the coverage area of the base station.

It will be appreciated that a deployment number of second circular areas may be provided within the first circular area, depending on the deployment number of first airborne base stations, such that the second circular areas achieve maximum coverage of the first circular area.

The larger the radius of the second circular area is, the larger the coverage area of the first airborne base station is. Although the larger the coverage area of a single first airborne base station, the larger the area that can be covered by the emergency network system. However, under the same deployment altitude, the larger the coverage area of the first air base station means the higher the transmission power thereof, which in turn increases the energy consumption and equipment loss of the first air base station. And too large coverage of a single first airborne base station may cause overlapping coverage of multiple first airborne base stations, in which case, a large waste of resources may occur.

In this embodiment, the coverage positions of the second circular areas are not overlapped, so that the influence of resource waste after deployment of the first air base station can be effectively reduced, the influence of energy consumption and equipment loss caused by an excessively large coverage radius can also be effectively reduced, and the utilization efficiency of communication resources is improved.

In other words, under the condition that the coverage areas of a plurality of first air base stations do not overlap, the coverage radius of the first air base stations is set to be maximized so as to realize maximized coverage on the first circular area, and then the radius of the second circular area is determined as the coverage radius of the first air base stations.

Of course, in other embodiments, after determining the area of the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed, and the deployment number of the first air base station, the coverage radius of the first air base station may be determined according to the historical distribution positions of the user terminals in the area to be deployed, so as to implement coverage on as many user terminals as possible.

Step 130, performing coverage maximization filling on the area to be deployed through the coverage area corresponding to the coverage area of each first air base station, and determining the projection position of each first air base station on the ground.

It is understood that after the coverage radius and the coverage area of the first airborne base station are determined, multiple coverage modes can be implemented on the first circular area, and the coverage rate of each coverage mode is calculated to determine the projection position of each first airborne base station on the ground when finally deployed in the air.

It can be understood that the deployment position corresponding to each first airborne base station and the relative position relationship between each first airborne base station can be determined in the first circular area. On the basis, the area to be covered can be traversed in a rotating mode by taking the circle center of the first circular area as the center, the rotating range is 360 degrees, the maximum coverage rate of the area to be covered by the first aerial base stations is further obtained, and the projection position of each first aerial base station on the area to be covered is calculated according to the position of the area to be covered corresponding to the maximum coverage rate.

In some embodiments, the number of deployments of the first airborne base station is 2, i.e. two first airborne base stations are deployed in the area to be covered.

As shown in fig. 2, when two first airborne base stations are deployed in the area to be covered, the coverage area corresponding to the coverage area of the two first airborne base stations is filled to the area to be deployed in a coverage maximization manner as shown in the figure.

In fig. 2, the area of the irregular boundary represents the area to be covered, the circular area with the larger diameter is the first circular area, and the two circles with the smaller diameter are the second circular area. In this case, the interval between the two centers of the two second circular areas is the largest, and the largest range of the first circular area can be covered without overlapping the two second circular areas.

In other words, the boundaries of the two second circular areas are tangent to the center of the first circular area, and the radius of the second circular area, i.e. the coverage radius R of the first airborne base station _A Is the radius R of the first circular area _sys Half of that.

In some embodiments, the number of deployments of the first airborne base stations is 3, i.e. three first airborne base stations are deployed in the area to be covered.

As shown in fig. 3, when three first airborne base stations are deployed in the area to be covered, the coverage area corresponding to the coverage area of the three first airborne base stations is filled to the area to be deployed in a coverage maximization manner as shown in the figure.

In fig. 3, the area of the irregular boundary represents the area to be covered, the circular area with a larger diameter is the first circular area, and the three circles with smaller diameters are the second circular area. When the intersection point of the tangents of the three second circular areas is the center of the equilateral triangle formed by the three second circular areas, the maximum range of the first circular area can be covered under the condition that the three second circular areas do not overlap. Radius of the second circular area, i.e. the coverage radius R of the first airborne base station _A And the radius R of the first circular area _sys The relationship between them satisfies: r _A ＝R _sys /cos30°。

A first altitude and a first transmit power for the first airborne base station deployment are determined based on the coverage radius of the first airborne base station, step 140.

It can be appreciated that the first transmit power can be determined by determining a condition to be satisfied by the transmit power of the first airborne base station in conjunction with the transmission path loss between the ground terminal device and the first spatial base station, and further determining a first altitude at which the first airborne base station is deployed if the transmit power and the coverage radius are determined.

And 150, deploying the first aerial base station in the air of the area to be deployed on the basis of the projection position, the first height and the first transmission power.

It is to be understood that, after determining the first height and the first transmission power, the first air base stations may be deployed at the first height of the projection position of each first air base station on the ground, and the first air base stations are controlled to communicate with the terminal on the ground according to the first transmission power.

According to the deployment method of the aerial base stations, the maximum coverage area is covered by the first aerial base stations in a certain number, the coverage radius of the first aerial base stations is determined, the actual deployment position and the transmission power of each first aerial base station are further determined, the maximum communication coverage of the area to be covered can be achieved in an emergency scene, and the utilization efficiency of communication resources is improved.

In some embodiments, step 140: determining a first altitude and a first transmit power for each first airborne base station deployment based on the coverage radius of the first airborne base station, comprising the following procedures.

It can be appreciated that the path loss between the user terminal and the first airborne base station within the second circular area on the ground centered on the projected position of the first airborne base station and the radius of the coverage of the first airborne base station can be determined first.

In this case, the path loss for communications between the user terminal and the first airborne base station at various locations within the second circular area may be calculated first.

The path loss between the user terminal and the first airborne base station is determined by the following formula:

Is the path loss between the ith first air base station and the jth user terminal, FSPL _ij Is the free space fading between the ith first air base station and the jth user terminal, P (LoS) is the transmission probability of line-of-sight, P (NLoS) is the transmission probability of non-line-of-sight,

large scale fading is transmitted for line-of-sight between the ith first airborne base station and the jth user terminal,

is the ith first skyNon line-of-sight transmission large scale fading, θ, between base station and jth user terminal _ij Is the angle between the transmission path between the ith first air base station and the jth user terminal and the ground, theta ₀ Is a constant value of θ ₀ ∈[0°,90°]，θ _ij ∈[θ ₀ ,90°]And a and b are both constants.

Note that θ ₀ Is the initial angle and is related to the hardware parameter of the first air base station. a and b represent fixed parameters related to the environment, which can be set empirically. For example, a may be 0.76 and b may be 0.6.

In some embodiments, free space fading may be expressed as: FSPL _ij ＝20logd _ij +20 kgf-27.55, where f is the carrier frequency and may take on the value of 2000MHz.

In this case, the first transmit power may be determined based on the path loss and a lowest received power threshold value for the user terminal.

It can be understood that the minimum received power threshold of the ue may be determined according to the type information of various ues. Or, determining a historical lowest received power value according to the connection transmission information of the historical user terminal, and taking the value as a lowest received power threshold value. And determining the maximum path loss according to the calculated path loss of the user terminal.

In some embodiments, the first transmit power may be determined as the sum of the maximum path loss and a lowest received power threshold value for the user terminal.

In this case, the effect of the power loss involved in the transmission between the user terminal and the first air base station is taken into full account, and it can be ensured that the first transmission power of the first air base station can be kept free from the effect of the transmission path loss. In addition, by considering the lowest received power threshold of the user terminal, the influence of resource waste caused by the excessively high first transmission power can be effectively reduced, and the utilization efficiency of network resources is improved.

Of course, in other embodiments, the first transmit power may also be determined in other manners.

It is to be appreciated that after the first transmit power is determined, the first altitude may be determined based on the first transmit power and a coverage radius of the over-the-air base station according to the attribute parameter of the first over-the-air base station.

In the embodiment, the deployment parameters of the first air base station are determined by fully considering the influence of the path loss and the received power of the user terminal, and the utilization efficiency of network resources can be improved on the premise of ensuring effective communication coverage.

In some embodiments, after the first airborne base station is deployed in the air of the area to be deployed, the method for deploying an airborne base station according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes: and determining the target area based on the area of the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed, the projection position of the first aerial base station on the ground and the coverage area of the first aerial base station.

It can be appreciated that the target area is an uncovered area of the first airborne base station in the area to be deployed.

In other words, after the coverage area of the first air base station after deployment is determined in the area to be deployed, the edge area and the gap area which are not covered are determined, and the edge area and the gap area which are not covered are determined as the target area.

On the basis, at least one radio remote unit can be deployed in the air of the target area.

It is understood that the Radio Remote unit in this embodiment may be an air Radio Remote unit (anerrh). The air radio remote unit does not have a baseband processing unit and cannot work independently.

In this embodiment, the radio remote unit is communicatively connected to the first air base station, and the first air base station and the radio remote unit are configured to implement global communication coverage in the area to be deployed.

The baseband processing unit of the first air base station may support a plurality of remote radio units. In this embodiment, the baseband signal is transmitted between the remote radio unit and the baseband processing unit, the baseband processing unit may send the baseband signal to the remote radio unit, the remote radio unit may convert the baseband signal into a radio frequency signal and transmit the radio frequency signal through an antenna, and the remote radio unit may further receive the radio frequency signal through the antenna, convert the received radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, and send the baseband signal to the baseband processing unit.

The radio frequency remote unit is in communication connection with the first air base station, and can continuously deploy the radio frequency remote unit at the gap position and the edge position covered by the network to realize the coverage of the target area through the range of the area to be covered and the coverage of the first air base station, thereby realizing the coverage of the whole area of the area to be covered.

In the embodiment, the emergency communication of most positions in the area to be covered is ensured at the highest speed by deploying the first air base station, and then the gap and the edge position are subjected to communication coverage by arranging the radio remote unit, so that the full-fast communication coverage of the area to be covered is realized, and the large-area continuous network service of the area to be covered is ensured.

In some embodiments, after deploying at least one remote radio unit in the air in the target area, the method for deploying an aerial base station according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes: and acquiring the transmission information quantity of the user terminal and the position information of the user terminal in the area to be deployed through the first air base station and the radio remote unit.

It can be understood that after the first air base station and the remote radio unit are deployed, the communication in the area to be covered is recovered, and the user terminal may access the temporarily built air network system for communication.

In this case, the transmission information amount of the user terminal and the location information of the user terminal in the target area acquired by the first air base station and the remote radio unit may be collected.

Due to the transfer and activity of people, the traffic volume of partial areas is increased, and the communication requirement of the target area is difficult to meet through the existing technology and equipment. Too high population density can create regional traffic hotspots caused by user aggregation.

The users gathered in the hot spot area are called hot spot gathering users, and for a hot spot area, the closer to the central position, the higher the gathering degree of the users.

In some embodiments, a location where the user terminals are densely distributed and where the amount of transmission information is large may be determined as a hotspot location based on the amount of transmission information and the location information of the user terminals, in which case at least one hotspot location may be determined in the target area.

After the hot spot locations are determined, a second airborne base station may be deployed over the air at each hot spot location.

In other words, at least one hotspot location may be determined in the area to be deployed based on the transmission information amount and the location information of the user terminal, and the second airborne base station may be deployed in the air of each hotspot location.

Under the condition, the second aerial base station is deployed, so that local performance improvement and capacity expansion of the hot spot position can be realized, and stable and continuous network service can be provided for a target area better.

In some embodiments, the first air base station and the radio remote unit communicate with the user terminal through a traditional wave band, and the second air base station communicates with the user terminal through a millimeter wave band.

In other words, the second airborne base station is a millimeter wave base station. In this case, the millimeter wave base station can provide sufficient bandwidth, low latency, and high capacity communication support.

Millimeter waves have the advantage of large bandwidth, the bandwidth is the most important resource in communication, and the simplest way to realize higher download rate is to widen the bandwidth. The millimeter wave has a large bandwidth ranging from 24GHz to 100GHz, which is 25 times more than the bandwidth used by the current 3G/4G, and the rate can be conveniently improved.

Millimeter waves have the advantage of low latency. The millimeter wave technology supports the reduction of the duration of the sub-frame, can transmit the information in a short time, and can feed back the received or not received information quickly, thereby reducing the communication time delay.

Millimeter waves also have the advantage of large capacity. If there are hundreds of people in a wide area, or thousands or even tens of thousands of people in a stadium, a large number of users download data simultaneously, the bandwidth and download rate requirements for wireless communication are different than if only a single user downloaded. The millimeter waves can well meet the wireless communication requirements of a large number of users and provide larger capacity.

Under the condition, the millimeter wave base station can provide faster and more stable network service for the hot spot position, and further can better meet the communication requirement of the special area of the emergency scene.

In some embodiments, the first airborne base station is deployed with an airship as a carrier, and both the radio remote unit and the second airborne base station are deployed with a fixed-wing aircraft as a carrier.

It should be noted that, in order to implement the aerial deployment of the base station, the deployment may be performed by using an unmanned aerial vehicle.

The drone types may be divided into rotorcraft, fixed wing aircraft, and airships. The rotorcraft has the advantages that the effective load capacity of the rotorcraft is tens of grams to seven kilograms, enough communication units cannot be carried, the autonomous capacity is relatively low, the rotorcraft can only operate for a few minutes at low altitude, and the rotorcraft is not suitable for being used in the scene of post-disaster network repair.

Fixed wing aircraft have sufficient payload capacity to allow trajectory management and positioning. Compared with a rotor craft, the autonomy of the two is generally stronger, the working time can reach about one hour, the two-way self-adaptive network module can be used for carrying a network module, the deployment speed is high, and the cost is easy to control.

Airships and balloons are classified as aerostatic platforms that float in the air using buoyancy. It is very flexible in terms of both loading and autonomy, and can fly and stay in the air for a long period of time at a distance of 200 m to 30 km from the ground.

Thus, the first airborne base station location does not substantially change, allowing for the specifics of different communication facilities, and therefore an airship may be employed to deploy the first airborne base station. In consideration of the change of the hot spot position and the flexibility of the deployment of the radio frequency unit, the second airborne base station and the radio remote unit can be deployed by using the fixed-wing aircraft as a carrier.

In the embodiment, the proper carriers are selected for different types of network equipment to deploy the network equipment, so that normal deployment of the network equipment can be ensured, and the communication requirement of a target area is further met.

The following describes the deployment apparatus of an airborne base station provided by the present invention, and the deployment apparatus of an airborne base station described below and the deployment method of an airborne base station described above may be referred to correspondingly.

As shown in fig. 4, the deployment apparatus of an airborne base station provided by the present invention includes a first processing module 410, a second processing module 420, a third processing module 430, a fourth processing module 440, and a fifth processing module 450.

The first processing module 410 is configured to determine a deployment number of the first airborne base station;

the second processing module 420 is configured to determine a coverage radius and a coverage area of each first air base station based on the area of the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed, and the number of deployments;

the third processing module 430 is configured to perform coverage maximization filling on the to-be-deployed area through a coverage area corresponding to the coverage area of each first airborne base station, and determine a projection position of each first airborne base station on the ground;

the fourth processing module 440 is configured to determine a first altitude and a first transmit power of each first airborne base station deployment based on the coverage radius of each first airborne base station;

the fifth processing module 450 is configured to deploy each first airborne base station in the air of the area to be deployed based on the projection position, the first altitude, and the first transmission power.

According to the deployment device of the aerial base stations, the maximum coverage area of the area to be covered is subjected to communication coverage by using a certain number of first aerial base stations, the coverage radius of the first aerial base stations is determined, the actual deployment position and the transmission power of each first aerial base station are further determined, the maximum communication coverage of the area to be covered can be completed in an emergency scene, and the utilization efficiency of communication resources is improved.

In some embodiments, the second processing module 420 is further configured to determine a maximum value of a distance between any two points in the region to be deployed based on the area of the region to be deployed and the shape of the region to be deployed; determining a first circular area by taking a line segment between two points corresponding to the maximum value as a diameter; the first circular area fully covers the area to be deployed; setting a deployment number of second circular areas within the first circular area such that the second circular areas achieve maximum coverage of the first circular area; the covering positions of the second circular areas are not overlapped; the radius of the second circular area is determined as the coverage radius of each first airborne base station.

In some embodiments, the fourth processing module 440 is further configured to determine a path loss between the user terminal and the first air base station in a second circular area on the ground, which is centered on the projection position of the first air base station and has a coverage radius of the first air base station as a radius; determining a first transmit power based on the path loss and a minimum received power threshold of the user terminal; a first altitude is determined based on the first transmit power and a coverage radius of the first airborne base station.

In some embodiments, the path loss between the user terminal and the first airborne base station is determined by the following formula:

Is the path loss between the ith first air base station and the jth user terminal, FSPL _ij Is the free space fading between the ith first air base station and the jth user terminal, P (LoS) is the line-of-sight transmission probability, P (NLoS) is the non-line-of-sight transmission probability,

for the ith first air base station and the jth userLine-of-sight transmissions between terminals are subject to large scale fading,

large scale fading, theta, for non line-of-sight transmission between the ith first airborne base station and the jth user terminal _ij Is the angle between the transmission path between the ith first air base station and the jth user terminal and the ground, theta ₀ Is a constant value of θ ₀ ∈[0°,90°]，θ _ij ∈[θ ₀ ,90°]And a and b are both constants.

In some embodiments, the deployment apparatus for an airborne base station of the embodiments of the present invention further includes a sixth processing module, where the sixth processing module is configured to determine the target area based on the area of the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed, the projected position of the first airborne base station on the ground, and the coverage area of the first airborne base station; the target area is an uncovered area of the first aerial base station in the area to be deployed; deploying at least one radio remote unit in the air of a target area; the radio remote unit is in communication connection with a first aerial base station, and the first aerial base station and the radio remote unit are used for realizing global communication coverage in a region to be deployed.

In some embodiments, the sixth processing module is further configured to obtain, through the first air base station and the radio remote unit, a transmission information amount of the user terminal and location information of the user terminal in the area to be deployed; determining at least one hotspot position in an area to be deployed based on the transmission information amount and the position information of the user terminal; a second airborne base station is deployed over-the-air at each hotspot location.

In some embodiments, the second airborne base station communicates with the user terminal over the millimeter-wave band.

Fig. 5 illustrates a physical structure diagram of an electronic device, which may include, as shown in fig. 5: a processor (processor) 510, a communication Interface (Communications Interface) 520, a memory (memory) 530, and a communication bus 540, wherein the processor 510, the communication Interface 520, and the memory 530 communicate with each other via the communication bus 540. Processor 510 may invoke logic instructions in memory 530 to perform a method of deploying an airborne base station, the method comprising: determining a deployment number of first airborne base stations; determining the coverage radius and the coverage area of each first aerial base station based on the area of the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed and the deployment number; performing coverage maximization filling on a region to be deployed through a coverage area corresponding to the coverage area of each first aerial base station, and determining the projection position of each first aerial base station on the ground; determining a first altitude and a first transmission power of each first airborne base station deployment based on the coverage radius of each first airborne base station; and deploying each first aerial base station in the air of the area to be deployed based on the projection position, the first height and the first transmission power.

Furthermore, the logic instructions in the memory 530 may be implemented in the form of software functional units and stored in a computer readable storage medium when the software functional units are sold or used as independent products. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.

In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising a computer program, the computer program being storable on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, a computer is capable of executing the method for deploying an airborne base station provided by the above methods, the method comprising: determining a deployment number of first airborne base stations; determining the coverage radius and the coverage area of each first aerial base station based on the area of the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed and the deployment number; performing coverage maximization filling on a region to be deployed through a coverage area corresponding to the coverage area of each first aerial base station, and determining the projection position of each first aerial base station on the ground; determining a first altitude and a first transmit power of each first airborne base station deployment based on a coverage radius of each first airborne base station; and deploying each first aerial base station in the air of the area to be deployed based on the projection position, the first height and the first transmission power.

In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a method for deploying an over-the-air base station provided by the above methods, the method comprising: determining a number of deployments of a first airborne base station; determining the coverage radius and the coverage area of each first aerial base station based on the area of the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed and the deployment quantity; performing coverage maximization filling on a region to be deployed through a coverage area corresponding to the coverage area of each first aerial base station, and determining the projection position of each first aerial base station on the ground; determining a first altitude and a first transmission power of each first airborne base station deployment based on the coverage radius of each first airborne base station; and deploying each first aerial base station in the air of the area to be deployed based on the projection position, the first height and the first transmission power.

The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.

Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment may be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and may also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for deploying an over-the-air base station, comprising:

determining a number of deployments of a first airborne base station;

determining a coverage radius and a coverage area of each first airborne base station based on the area of the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed and the deployment number;

performing coverage maximization filling on the region to be deployed through a coverage region corresponding to the coverage area of each first aerial base station, and determining the projection position of each first aerial base station on the ground;

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the coverage radius and the coverage area of each first airborne base station based on the area of the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed and the number of deployments comprises:

3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the first altitude and the first transmit power for each first airborne base station deployment based on the coverage radius of each first airborne base station comprises:

determining the path loss between the user terminal and the first air base station in a second circular area which takes the projection position of the first air base station as the center of a circle and takes the coverage radius of the first air base station as the radius on the ground;

4. The method of deploying an airborne base station according to claim 3, wherein the path loss between the user terminal and the first airborne base station is determined by the following formula:

For the path loss between the ith said first airborne base station and the jth said user terminal, FSPL _ij P (LoS) is a transmission probability of line-of-sight, P (NLoS) is a transmission probability of non-line-of-sight,

for non line-of-sight transmission large scale fading, θ, between the ith said first airborne base station and the jth said user terminal _ij Is the angle theta between the transmission path between the ith air base station and the jth user terminal and the ground ₀ Is a constant number, theta ₀ ∈[0°,90°]，θ _ij ∈[θ ₀ ,90°]And a and b are both constants.

5. The method of deploying an aerial base station according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein after the first aerial base station is deployed over the air in the area to be deployed, the method further comprises:

deploying at least one remote radio unit in the air of the target area;

6. The method for deploying an airborne base station according to claim 5, wherein after said deploying at least one remote radio unit over the air in said target area, said method further comprises:

acquiring the transmission information quantity of the user terminal and the position information of the user terminal in the area to be deployed through the first air base station and the radio remote unit;

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the second airborne base station communicates with the user terminal over a millimeter-wave band.

8. An over-the-air base station deployment apparatus, comprising:

a first processing module for determining the deployment number of the first aerial base stations;

the third processing module is used for performing coverage maximization filling on the area to be deployed through a coverage area corresponding to the coverage area of each first aerial base station and determining the projection position of each first aerial base station on the ground;

a fifth processing module, configured to deploy, based on the projected position, the first height, and the first transmit power, each first airborne base station in the air of the area to be deployed.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the program implements a method of deploying an airborne base station according to any of claims 1 to 7.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for deploying an airborne base station according to any of claims 1 to 7.