CN115565445B - Heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device and method - Google Patents
Heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115565445B CN115565445B CN202210568322.0A CN202210568322A CN115565445B CN 115565445 B CN115565445 B CN 115565445B CN 202210568322 A CN202210568322 A CN 202210568322A CN 115565445 B CN115565445 B CN 115565445B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/40—Controlling or monitoring, e.g. of flood or hurricane; Forecasting, e.g. risk assessment or mapping
Abstract
The invention discloses a heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device and method, comprising a bearing box body, wherein the inside of the bearing box body is of a hollow structure, one side close to the ground is provided with a plurality of threaded holes, and a square groove is arranged below each threaded hole; the simulated shaft is provided with threads at the position corresponding to the threaded hole, the inner wall of the threaded hole is provided with a thread groove, the simulated shaft is in spiral connection with the threaded hole, a shaft slit is formed in the hollow part of the simulated shaft in the bearing box body, a wellhead device is arranged at one end of the simulated shaft, and a slit outer collar is further arranged at one end of the simulated shaft, which is close to the wellhead device; the invention can meet the requirements of various known complicated heterogeneous oil and gas reservoirs by simply replacing and combining different reservoir structures, does not need various real reservoir rock samples with permeability, can rapidly manufacture various complicated reservoirs by a 3D printing technology, has high speed and low experimental cost, and the provided reservoir installation method is simple, strong in repeatability and strong in experimental operability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development experiments, in particular to a device and a method for simulating multi-well production and test of a heterogeneous oil reservoir.
Background
With the development of exploration and development technology and theory, more and more oil and gas reservoirs with complex reservoir structures, large burial depth and abnormally high temperature and pressure methods are discovered and developed, such as ShunBei and Marc lake oil and gas reservoirs which are explored and developed in Tarim basin in recent years. For development of deep and ultra-deep oil and gas reservoirs, the existing shallow oil and gas development theory often cannot be directly applied due to the characteristics of complex space structure of reservoirs, abnormality of temperature and pressure methods and the like. Thus, extensive indoor simulation experiments are required to develop the oil and gas flow characteristics and development modes of the strong heterogeneous reservoir with discontinuous medium space of the reservoir.
For simple homogeneous reservoirs and reservoirs produced by multi-layer sedimentary sandstone production, the laboratory can still perform effective production simulation. With the development of 3D printing technology in recent years, indoor simulation of production and development of fracture-cavity carbonate hydrocarbon reservoirs is also gradually developed. However, the indoor simulation device for the discrete fracture-cavity reservoir mainly adopts 3D printed epoxy resin for simulation, but only can simulate the condition of the reservoir in a selected area. The experimental device can simulate only one type of reservoir, the reservoir model needs to be prepared again for other similar reservoirs, a great deal of time is spent for well placement according to the single type of reservoir in sequence, and the production conditions of the similar reservoirs and the reservoirs with similar fracture-cavity space structures are difficult to develop in batches.
Therefore, the invention is necessary to provide a heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device and method, the device can be simply replaced and different reservoir structures can be combined to meet the requirements of various known complicated heterogeneous oil and gas reservoirs, and the method can simulate the production, test and other processes in the current oil and gas field production and development stage by changing the production well position, the working system of the well, the perforation space allocation of the well group and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is intended to summarize some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments, which may be simplified or omitted from the present section and description abstract and title of the application to avoid obscuring the objects of this section, description abstract and title, and which is not intended to limit the scope of this invention.
The present invention has been made in view of the above and/or problems occurring in the prior art.
Therefore, one technical problem to be solved by the invention is: how to realize the reservoir structure of different 3D printing by simply replacing and combining through one device can meet the requirements of various known complicated heterogeneous oil and gas reservoirs at present.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a multi-well production and test simulation device for heterogeneous oil reservoirs comprises,
the bearing box body is of a hollow structure, one side, close to the ground, of the bearing box body is provided with a plurality of threaded holes, and square grooves are formed below each threaded hole;
the simulated shaft is provided with threads at the position corresponding to the threaded hole, a thread groove is formed in the inner wall of the threaded hole, the simulated shaft is in threaded connection with the threaded hole, shaft slots are uniformly formed in the part, located in the hollow part of the bearing box body, of the simulated shaft, a wellhead device is arranged at one end, away from the threaded hole, of the simulated shaft, and a slot outer sleeve ring is further arranged at one end, close to the wellhead device, of the simulated shaft.
As a preferable scheme of the heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device, the heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device comprises the following components: the wellhead device comprises a threaded rod, and one end of the threaded rod, which is far away from the bearing box body, is fixedly connected with a lug.
As a preferable scheme of the heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device, the heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device comprises the following components: the simulation pit shaft is close to the one end outside of wellhead assembly and is equipped with the screw thread, just threaded rod inner wall has seted up the screw thread groove, simulation pit shaft and threaded rod screwed connection.
As a preferable scheme of the heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device, the heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device comprises the following components: the bearing box body further comprises a top cover, a through hole corresponding to the threaded hole is formed in the top cover, the through hole is connected with the simulated shaft in a nested mode, fixing blocks are fixedly connected to the periphery of the top cover, fixing grooves are formed in positions, corresponding to the fixing blocks, of the bearing box body, and the fixing grooves are connected with the fixing blocks in a clamping mode.
As a preferable scheme of the heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device, the heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device comprises the following components: the bearing box is characterized in that a first groove is formed in one side, close to the ground, of the periphery of the bearing box body, and a base is clamped in the first groove.
As a preferable scheme of the heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device, the heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device comprises the following components: different types of reservoirs may be placed inside the carrying case, including,
the horizontal lamellar veneer storage layer is a horizontal plate, and a plurality of first through holes are formed in the horizontal lamellar storage layer; the vertical single-plate-shaped reservoir is a vertical plate and is provided with a plurality of second through holes; the whole block-shaped reservoir is a cuboid, and a plurality of third through holes are formed in the whole block-shaped reservoir; the inclined lamellar reservoir is an inclined plate and is provided with a plurality of fourth through holes; the back-inclined structure reservoir is a curved plate and is provided with a plurality of fifth through holes.
The heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the structure of the different reservoirs is simply replaced and combined to meet the requirements of the currently known various complicated heterogeneous reservoirs of the oil and gas reservoirs, the actual reservoir rock sample with various permeability is not needed, various complicated reservoirs can be rapidly manufactured through the 3D printing technology, the speed is high, the experimental cost is low, and the provided reservoir installation method is simple, high in repeatability and high in experimental operability.
Another technical problem to be solved by the invention is: how to simulate the production, test and other processes in the current production and development stages of the oil and gas field by changing the production well position, the working system of the well, the perforation space allocation of the well group and the like.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a multi-well production and test simulation method for a heterogeneous oil reservoir, which adopts the simulation device and,
determining reservoir printing and combining and placing schemes according to different simulated reservoir types and placing methods, and installing;
aiming at corresponding slotting and well group schemes, determining the on-off state of the 9 well 27 perforation and the production and test process needing simulation, and connecting a device fluid method;
the packaging experimental device simulates the production and testing processes, and analyzes the change characteristics of temperature and pressure under different states according to the data.
As a preferable scheme of the heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation method, the method comprises the following steps: if the horizontal lamellar reservoir structure is simulated, adopting the horizontal veneer lamellar reservoir; if the structure of the disconnected solution reservoir is simulated, adopting the disconnected solution reservoir; if a monolithic reservoir architecture is simulated, employing the monolithic reservoir; if an inclined lamellar reservoir structure is simulated, adopting the inclined lamellar reservoir; if a anticline reservoir formation is simulated, the anticline formation reservoir is employed.
As a preferable scheme of the heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation method, the method comprises the following steps: the production and test process to be simulated mainly comprises single well and multi-well production, well closing and test, well pattern adjustment, interference among production wells and injection and production parameter adjustment before injection and production wells.
As a preferable scheme of the heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation method, the method comprises the following steps: the simulation of the production and test process comprises the steps of installing a 3D printing reservoir simulated target oil and gas reservoir, using a simulated perforation shaft to simulate an injection well or a production well respectively, using a simulated shaft pressure gauge and a flowmeter to record wellhead pressure and yield, and using a shaft bottom temperature pressure storage to simulate and analyze various bottom hole test pressure and temperature data.
The heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the production, test and other processes in the current oil and gas field production and development stage are simulated by changing the production well position, the working system of the well, the perforation space allocation of the well group and the like, so that various complex reservoirs can be independently simulated, different reservoir production and production processes can be simultaneously simulated, single well production and test processes can be independently simulated, multiple well production and test processes can be simultaneously simulated, the experimental device has comprehensive functions, different groups of production and test processes can be simultaneously simulated in batches, the experimental operation time is shortened, and the working efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a simulation device for multi-well production and testing of a heterogeneous reservoir, provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a simulated wellbore in a heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device provided by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a multi-well production and test simulation method for a heterogeneous oil reservoir provided by the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal veneer layer reservoir according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a vertical single plate reservoir according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a monolithic reservoir according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an inclined lamellar reservoir according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a reservoir with anticline construction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which are shown by way of illustration only, and in which is shown by way of illustration only, and in which the scope of the invention is not limited for ease of illustration. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in actual fabrication.
Further still, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic may be included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production, test simulation apparatus, comprising,
the device comprises a bearing box body 100, wherein the inside of the bearing box body 100 is of a hollow structure, one side, close to the ground, of the bearing box body 100 is provided with a plurality of threaded holes 101 for loading device components, square grooves 102 are formed below each threaded hole 101, a temperature pressure reservoir 102a is arranged in each square groove 102 and used for storing relevant temperature and pressure data required by experiments, the device further comprises a top cover 103, through holes 103a corresponding to the threaded holes 101 are formed in the top cover 103, the through holes 103a are connected with a simulated shaft 200 in a nested manner, one side, close to the ground, of the periphery of the bearing box body 100 is provided with a first groove 104, bases 105 are clamped inside the first groove 104, different types of reservoirs 300 can be placed inside the bearing box body 100, each reservoir 300 comprises a horizontal single-plate layered reservoir 301, each horizontal single-plate layered reservoir 301 is a horizontal plate, a plurality of first through holes 301a are formed in the horizontal single-plate-shaped reservoir 302, each vertical single-plate-shaped reservoir 302 is a vertical plate, a plurality of second through holes 302a are formed in the vertical single-plate, each monolithic-shaped reservoir 303 is a cuboid, and a plurality of third through holes 303a are formed in the vertical single-plate-shaped cuboid; the inclined lamellar reservoir 304, wherein the inclined lamellar reservoir 304 is an inclined plate, and a plurality of fourth through holes 304a are formed in the inclined plate; the anticline structure reservoir 305, the anticline structure reservoir 305 is a curved plate, and a plurality of fifth through holes 305a are formed in the curved plate.
The simulated well bore 200 is provided with threads at the position corresponding to the threaded hole 101, the inner wall of the threaded hole 101 is provided with a thread groove, the simulated well bore 200 is installed inside the threaded hole 104 and is in spiral connection with the threaded hole, the spiral connection is convenient for installation and disassembly of the device, a plurality of well bore slots 201 are evenly formed in the hollow part of the simulated well bore 200 in the bearing box 100, the end, away from the threaded hole 101, of the simulated well bore 200 is further provided with a wellhead device 202, the simulated well bore 200 can play a locking role, the wellhead device 202 comprises a threaded rod 202a, the end, away from the bearing box 100, of the threaded rod 202a is fixedly connected with a bump 202b, a control valve 202c, a flowmeter 202d and a pressure gauge 202e are installed on the bump 202b, the control process is used for observing data in the experimental process, the outer side, which is close to the wellhead device is provided with threads, the threaded rod 202a is provided with the thread groove in the inner wall of the simulated well bore 200, the installation and the fixing of the wellhead device 202, and the end, which is close to the wellhead device 202, of the simulated well bore 200 is further provided with a slit outer collar 203, and is used for sealing the well bore 201.
Specifically, before application, the base 105 is first fixed and placed, the simulated wellbore 200 is fixed at the bottom of the bearing box 100 through the threaded hole 101, then, from the lower layer to the middle layer, the wellbore slotting 201 (slotting the bottom of the 4 side wells, slotting the middle and bottom of the 1 center well) below the reservoir surface is closed by adopting the slotting outer sleeve ring 203; secondly, placing the 3D printed simulated reservoir inside the carrying case 100 such that the simulated wellbore 200 passes through the through-hole on the reservoir; finally, all wellbore slots 201 above the reservoir (upper 4-sided well, middle 4-sided well, upper) are closed with a slot outer collar 203, then top cover 103 is capped, and the load bearing box 100 is sealed by screw-mounting wellhead 202.
Preferably, during the use of the device, the wellhead control valve 202c is opened to simulate the well opening, the injection and production pressure difference between the water injection well and the production well is calculated by the wellhead pressure gauge 202 e; the production amount between the production wells can be obtained by the wellhead flowmeter 202d, and after the wellhead pressure gauge 202e and the flowmeter 202d are stable, the bottom hole temperature pressure storage 102a data is output for analyzing the well closing and changing the bottom hole temperature and pressure change characteristics under the well production state test.
The device can meet the requirements of the currently known various complicated heterogeneous oil and gas reservoirs through simple replacement and combination of different reservoir structures, does not need various real reservoir rock samples with permeability, can rapidly manufacture various complicated reservoirs through a 3D printing technology, and is high in speed, low in experiment cost, and the provided reservoir installation method is simple, high in repeatability and high in experiment operability.
Example 2
This embodiment is a second embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the previous embodiment, and is different from the previous embodiment in that: referring to fig. 5, the present invention provides a simulation method for heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production and test, which adopts the simulation device, and,
determining reservoir printing and combining and placing schemes according to different simulated reservoir types and placing methods, and installing; reservoir types mainly include: a horizontal veneer laminar reservoir 301 which is a horizontal plate and is provided with 9 first through holes 301a; a vertical single plate reservoir 302, which is a vertical plate and has 3 second through holes 302a formed therein; a whole block-shaped reservoir 303 which is a cuboid and provided with 9 third through holes 303a; an inclined lamellar reservoir 304, which is an inclined plate, and on which 9 fourth through holes 304a are provided; the anticline structure reservoir 305 is a curved plate, and is provided with 9 fifth through holes 305a, and further includes a single-layer, anticline trap-shaped, thick-layer sedimentary sandstone, carbonate rock and igneous rock reservoir, which are only exemplified by the first five mentioned in this embodiment, but the invention is not limited thereto in practical application, and the number of through holes is also only exemplified and not limited thereto in number, and the number can be increased or decreased according to the needs in practical application.
Aiming at corresponding slotting and well group schemes, determining the on-off state of the 9 well 27 perforation and the production and test process needing simulation, and connecting a device fluid method; the production and test process to be simulated mainly comprises single well and multi-well production, well closing, test, well pattern adjustment, interference among production wells, injection and production parameter adjustment before injection and production wells, and the like.
The packaging experimental device simulates the production and testing processes and analyzes the change characteristics of temperature and pressure under different states according to the data; the simulation of the production and test process comprises the steps of installing a 3D printing reservoir simulated target oil and gas reservoir, using a simulated perforation shaft to simulate an injection well or a production well respectively, using a simulated shaft pressure gauge and a flowmeter to record wellhead pressure and yield, and using a shaft bottom temperature pressure storage to simulate various bottom test pressures and temperature data.
Specifically, the embodiment provides a partial 3D printing reservoir structure and a corresponding method scheme thereof, as shown in the following table, wherein: in the slot state scheme: 0 represents closed, 1 represents open; layer 3 represents: upper, middle and lower; column 3 represents: left, middle, right; in a well group production state scenario: +q represents drainage, -q represents water injection, and 0 represents well shut-in; 1 central well; 4 side wells: northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest; 4 corner wells: north, south, east, west.
Please refer to the model diagram of the horizontal layered reservoir 301 of fig. 6, the simulated oil reservoir type is a horizontal plate (1-3 boxes can be placed to simulate the horizontal layered reservoir 301), and the scheme adopted by the corresponding simulation method is shown in the following table:
table 1A slot state scheme (0 represents closed, 1 represents open) 3 layers represents: upper, middle and lower; column 3 represents: left, middle and right
Table 1B well group production State scenario (+q represents drainage, -q represents Water injection, and 0 represents well shut-in
1 central well; 4 side wells: northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest; 4 corner wells: north, south, east,
Western medicine
Referring to fig. 6 and the table below, a horizontal layered reservoir 301 "positive five-point well pattern" to "negative five-point well pattern" is illustrated.
Table 2A reservoir placement and non-placement wellbore slotting state preselection scheme for (horizontal veneer) horizontal layered reservoir as an example
Table 2B pre-selection scheme for production status of positive five-point, negative five-point well pattern for (horizontal veneer) horizontal layered reservoir as an example
Step 1:3D printing the reservoir. When 3D printing is ensured, the horizontal lamellar reservoir 301 is connected with the hole site of the contact position of the shaft, and whether the fracture-cavity structure is printed or not is selected according to reservoir requirements. As shown in table 1A in example 1.
Step 2: the on-off status of the 9-well 27 perforations is determined. Taking the example of a horizontal layered reservoir 301 (horizontal veneer in fig. 6), where the wellbore perforation status with reservoir is set as the A1 plan in table 2A, and the wellbore perforation status with non-set is set as the A2 plan in table 2A.
Step 3: and installing a reservoir. Firstly, fixing a placement base 105, and fixing a simulated shaft 200 at the bottom of a bearing box 100 through a threaded hole 101; the 9 first through holes 301a of the horizontal single-plate layered reservoir 301 correspond to the 9 simulated wellbores 200, respectively, and then the horizontal single-plate layered reservoir 301 is aligned with the 9 simulated wellbores 200 and placed in the bearing box 100, so that the simulated wellbores 200 penetrate through the first through holes 301a of the horizontal single-plate layered reservoir 301; finally, the wellbore slots 201 exposed outside the reservoir are closed using a slotted outer collar 203.
Step 4: a method of connecting devices in fluid. The top cover 103 is covered and sealed by installing the wellhead 202. According to the simulation process scheme, the external fluid device is connected.
Step 5: and (5) simulating a production process. Taking the early "positive five-point well pattern B1" as an example, the well group injection and production system is B1 in Table 2B. Opening a wellhead control valve 202c to simulate the well opening, wherein the injection and production pressure difference between a water injection well and a production well can be calculated by a wellhead pressure gauge 202 e; the amount of production between the production wells may be obtained by wellhead flow meter 202 d.
Step 6: and (5) simulating a testing process. Taking the adjustment of B1 "in the early" positive five-point well pattern table 2B to B2 "in the later" negative five-point well pattern table 2B as an example, the water injection state of 1 well in the middle of the reservoir is changed to the production state and the production states of the other 4 side wells are changed to the water injection state) by the wellhead control valve 202c is changed to B2 in table 2B.
Step 7: after the wellhead pressure gauge 202e and the flowmeter 202d are stable, the bottom hole temperature pressure reservoir 102a data is output for analyzing the bottom hole temperature and pressure change characteristics under the well closing and well production state changing test.
Example 3
This embodiment is a third embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the previous embodiment, and is different from the previous embodiment in that: referring to the model diagram of the vertical single-plate reservoir 302 in fig. 7, the simulated reservoir type is a vertical single plate (1-3 boxes can be placed to simulate the vertical single-plate reservoir 302), and the scheme adopted by the corresponding simulation method is shown in the following table:
table 3A slot state scheme (0 represents closed, 1 represents open) 3 layers represents: upper, middle and lower; column 3 represents: left, middle and right
Table 3B single row well group production status scenario (+q represents drainage, -q represents water injection, 0 represents shut-in) 1 center well; 4 side wells: northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest; 4 corner wells: north, south, east, west
Table 3C double well group production status schemes (+q represents drainage, -q represents water injection, 0 represents shut-in) 1 center well; 4 side wells: northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest; 4 corner wells: north, south, east, west
Table 3D three-row well group production State scheme (+q represents drainage, -q represents Water injection, and 0 represents shut-in
1 central well; 4 side wells: northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest; 4 corner wells: north, south, east,
Western medicine
Referring to FIG. 7 and the table below, the vertical single-plate reservoir 302 "one-injection two-production" to "two-injection one-production" is illustrated.
Table 4A preselection scheme for reservoir contact wellbore and non-contact wellbore slotting status for vertical single plate reservoirs as examples
Table 4B preselection scheme for production status of one-injection two-injection one-production well pattern for vertical single-plate reservoirs as an example
Step 1:3D printing the reservoir. When 3D printing is ensured, the vertical single-plate-shaped reservoir layer 302 is connected with a hole site of a shaft contact position, and whether a fracture-cavity structure is printed or not is selected according to reservoir layer requirements. As shown in table 3C in example 3.
Step 2: the on-off status of the 9-well 27 perforations is determined. Take the vertical single plate reservoir 302 configuration as an example (fig. 7), where the wellbore is contacted with the reservoir for the up, mid, and down perforation conditions as in the C1 scenario in table 4A, and the non-contact wellbore perforation conditions as in the C2 scenario in table 4A.
Step 3: and installing a reservoir. Firstly, fixing a placement base 105, and fixing a simulated shaft 200 at the bottom of a bearing box 100 through a threaded hole 101; the 3 second through holes 302a of the vertical single-plate reservoir 302 correspond to the 3-port wellbores, respectively, and then the vertical single-plate reservoir 302 is aligned with the 3-port wellbores and placed in the carrying case 100 so that the simulated wellbore 200 passes through the reservoir hole site; finally, the wellbore slots 201 exposed outside the reservoir are closed using a slotted outer collar 203.
Step 4: a connecting device fluid system. The top cover 103 is covered and sealed by the mounting wellhead 202. According to the simulation process scheme, the external fluid equipment is connected,
step 5: and (5) simulating a production process. Taking early "one injection two production D1" as an example, the well group injection and production regime is D1 (Table 4B left). Opening a wellhead control valve 202c to simulate the well opening, wherein the injection and production pressure difference between a water injection well and a production well can be calculated by a wellhead pressure gauge 202 e; the amount of production between the production wells may be obtained by wellhead flow meter 202 d.
Step 6: and (5) simulating a testing process. Taking the adjustment of the early-stage 'one-injection two-production D1' to the later-stage 'two-injection one-production D2', the water injection state of 1 well in the middle of the reservoir is changed into the production state, and the production state of the other 2 wells is changed into the water injection state D2 through the wellhead control valve 202c (right table of table 4B).
Step 7: after the wellhead pressure gauge 202e and the flowmeter 202d are stable, the bottom hole temperature pressure reservoir 102a data is output for analyzing the bottom hole temperature and pressure change characteristics under the well closing and well production state changing test.
Example 4
This embodiment is a fourth embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the previous embodiment, and is different from the previous embodiment in that: please refer to the model diagram of the monolithic reservoir 303 of fig. 8, which simulates the type of the reservoir as a cube (1 block can be placed in the box to simulate the monolithic reservoir 303), and the scheme adopted by the corresponding simulation method is shown in the following table:
table 5 slot state scheme (0 closed, 1 open)
Layer 3 represents: upper, middle and lower; column 3 represents: left, middle and right
This well group production status scheme refers to the 3-layer well pattern scheme in table 1 and to the 3-well pattern scheme in table 3.
Referring to FIG. 8 and the table below, a monolithic reservoir 303 "positive nine-well pattern" to "negative nine-well pattern" is illustrated.
Table 6A upper, middle, lower wellbore slotting state preselection scheme for example of monolithic reservoirs
Table 6B Pre-selection scheme for the production status of a Positive nine-point, negative nine-point well pattern for an example of a monolithic reservoir
Step 1:3D printing the reservoir. When 3D printing is ensured, the monolithic reservoir 303 is connected with the hole site of the contact position of the shaft, and whether the fracture-cavity structure is printed is selected according to reservoir requirements. As shown in table 5 in example 4.
Step 2: the on-off status of the 9-well 27 perforations is determined. Taking the monolithic reservoir 303 as an example (fig. 8), the upper portion is shown as scheme E1, the middle portion is shown as scheme E2, and the lower perforation status is shown as scheme E3, see table 6A.
Step 3: and installing a reservoir. Firstly, fixing a placement base 105, and fixing a simulated shaft 200 at the bottom of a bearing box 100 through a threaded hole 101; the 9 through holes of the monolithic reservoir 303 correspond to the 9 wellbores, respectively, and then the monolithic reservoir 303 is placed in the loading box 100 in alignment with the 9 wellbores such that the simulated wellbore 200 passes through the third through hole 303a of the reservoir.
Step 4: a connecting device fluid system. The top cover 103 is covered and sealed by the mounting wellhead 202. According to the simulation process scheme, the external fluid equipment is connected,
step 5: and (5) simulating a production process. Taking the early "positive nine-point well pattern F1" as an example, the well group injection and production system is F1 (the left table of table 6B). Opening a wellhead control valve 202c to simulate the well opening, wherein the injection and production pressure difference between a water injection well and a production well can be calculated by a wellhead pressure gauge 202 e; the amount of production between the production wells may be obtained by wellhead flow meter 202 d.
Step 6: and (5) simulating a testing process. Taking the adjustment of the early-stage positive nine-point well pattern F1 to the later-stage negative nine-point well pattern F2 as an example, the water injection state of 1 well in the middle of the reservoir is changed into a production state, and the production states of the other 8 wells are changed into water injection states F2 through the wellhead control valve 202c (right table of table 6B).
Step 7: after the wellhead pressure gauge 202e and the flowmeter 202d are stable, the bottom hole temperature pressure reservoir 102a data is output for analyzing the bottom hole temperature and pressure change characteristics under the well closing and well production state changing test.
Example 5
This embodiment is a fifth embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the previous embodiment, and is different from the previous embodiment in that: please refer to the model diagram of the inclined lamellar reservoir 304 in fig. 9, the simulated reservoir type is an inclined plate (1 box can be placed to simulate the inclined lamellar reservoir 304), and the scheme adopted by the corresponding simulation method is shown in the following table:
table 7A slot state scheme (0 represents closed, 1 represents open) 3 layers represents: upper, middle and lower; column 3 represents: left, middle and right
Table 7B well group production State scheme for Water flooding reservoirs (+q represents drainage, -q represents Water injection, and 0 represents well shut-in
1 central well; 4 side wells: northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest; 4 corner wells: north, south, east, west
Table 7C well group production State scheme for gas reservoir (+q represents drainage, -q represents Water injection, and 0 represents well shut-in
1 central well; 4 side wells: northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest; 4 corner wells: north, south, east, west
Please refer to fig. 9 and the following table, which illustrate low-injection high-production of the inclined lamellar reservoir 304.
Table 8A upper, middle, lower wellbore slotting state preselection scheme for an example of an inclined lamellar reservoir
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Table 8B pre-selection of early and late well group production status using an inclined lamellar reservoir as an example
Step 1:3D printing the reservoir. When 3D printing is ensured, the inclined lamellar reservoir 304 is connected with the hole site of the contact position of the shaft, and whether the fracture-cavity structure is printed or not is selected according to reservoir requirements. As shown in table 7A in example 5.
Step 2: the on-off status of the 9-well 27 perforations is determined. Taking the example of a slant entry reservoir 304 (fig. 9), the upper portion is shown as scenario G1, the middle portion is shown as scenario G2, and the lower perforation status is shown as scenario G3, as shown in table 8A.
Step 3: and installing a reservoir. Firstly, fixing a placement base 105, and fixing a simulated shaft 200 at the bottom of a bearing box 100 through a threaded hole 101; the 9 fourth through holes 304a of the inclined lamellar reservoir 304 correspond to the 9 wellbores, respectively, and then the inclined lamellar reservoir 304 is placed in the carrying case 100 aligned with the 9 wellbores such that the simulated wellbore 200 passes through the fourth through holes 304a; finally, the wellbore slots 201 exposed outside the inclined lamellar reservoir 304 are closed using the outer slotted collar 203.
Step 4: a method of connecting devices in fluid. The top cover 103 is covered and sealed by the mounting wellhead 202. According to the simulation process scheme, the external fluid equipment is connected,
step 5: and (5) simulating a production process. Taking early low-injection high-production H1 as an example, the well group injection and production system is H1 (left table of table 8B). Opening a wellhead control valve 202c to simulate the well opening, wherein the injection and production pressure difference between a water injection well and a production well can be calculated by a wellhead pressure gauge 202 e; the amount of production between the production wells may be obtained by wellhead flow meter 202 d.
Step 6: and (5) simulating a testing process. Taking "low injection high production H1" to "medium injection top production H2" as an example, 5 wells in northwest, west, southwest, northeast and southeast at the low injection position are closed by the wellhead control valve 202c, and meanwhile, the production states of 3 wells in the middle of the reservoir and 1 well in the eastern are changed into the water injection state H2 (right table of table 8B).
Step 7: after the wellhead pressure gauge 202e and the flowmeter 202d are stable, the bottom hole temperature pressure reservoir 102a data is output for analyzing the bottom hole temperature and pressure change characteristics under the well closing and well production state changing test.
Example 6
This embodiment is a sixth embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the previous embodiment, and is different from the previous embodiment in that: referring to fig. 10, a model diagram of a anticline formation reservoir 305 is shown, the simulated reservoir type is a curved plate (1 box can be placed to simulate the anticline formation reservoir 305), and the scheme adopted by the corresponding simulation method is shown in the following table:
table 9A slot state scheme (0 represents closed, 1 represents open) 3 layers represents: upper, middle and lower; column 3 represents: left, middle and right
Table 9B well group production State scheme for gas reservoir (+q represents drainage, -q represents Water injection, and 0 represents well shut-in
1 central well; 4 side wells: northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest; 4 corner wells: north, south, east, west
Referring to fig. 10 and the table below, a low-injection high-production example of reservoir 110 in a anticline configuration is illustrated.
Table 10A upper, middle, lower wellbore slotting state preselection scheme for example of anticline formation reservoir
Table 10B Pre-selection scheme for early and late well group production status using anticline formation reservoir as an example
Step 1:3D printing the reservoir. When 3D printing is ensured, the anticline structure reservoir 305 is connected with the hole site of the contact position of the shaft, and whether the fracture-cavity structure is printed is selected according to the reservoir requirement. As shown in table 9A in example 6.
Step 2: the on-off status of the 9-well 27 perforations is determined. Taking the example of a anticline formation reservoir 305 (anticline version in figure 10), the upper section is shown as version I1, the middle section is shown as version I2, and the lower perforation is shown as version I3, see table 10A.
Step 3: and installing a reservoir. Firstly, fixing a placement base 105, and fixing a simulated shaft 200 at the bottom of a bearing box 100 through a threaded hole 101; then, from the lower layer to the middle layer, the shaft slots 201 below the reservoir (the bottoms of 4 side wells are slotted, the middle part and the bottom of 1 center well) are closed by adopting a slotted outer sleeve ring 203; second, the 3D printed anticline formation reservoir 305 is placed inside the carrying case 100 such that the simulated wellbore 200 passes through the fifth through-hole 305a; finally, all wellbore slots 201 above the anticline formation reservoir 305 (upper 4-sided well, middle and upper 4-sided well) are closed with a slotted outer collar 203.
Step 4: a method of connecting devices in fluid. The top cover 103 is covered and sealed by installing the wellhead 202. According to the simulation process scheme, the external fluid equipment is connected,
step 5: and (5) simulating a production process. Taking early low injection high production J1 as an example, the well group injection production system is J1 (table 10B left). Opening a wellhead control valve 202c to simulate the well opening, wherein the injection and production pressure difference between a water injection well and a production well can be calculated by a wellhead pressure gauge 202 e; the amount of production between the production wells may be obtained by wellhead flow meter 202 d.
Step 6: and (5) simulating a testing process. Taking "low injection high production J1" to "medium injection top production J2" as an example, the 4 corner wells located at the low injection position are closed by the wellhead control valve 202c, and meanwhile, the production state of the 4 corner wells located in the middle of the anticline formation reservoir 110 is changed into the water injection state J2 (right table of table 10B).
Step 7: after the wellhead pressure gauge 202e and the flowmeter 202d are stable, the bottom hole temperature pressure reservoir 102a data is output for analyzing the bottom hole temperature and pressure change characteristics under the well closing and well production state changing test.
In summary, the invention can meet the requirements of various known complicated heterogeneous reservoirs by simply replacing and combining different 3D printed reservoir structures, realizes the processes of simulating multi-well production, testing and the like of the complicated heterogeneous reservoirs according to the types and the placement methods of the various simulated reservoirs shown in the table and the drawings, and can provide experimental data for connectivity test, multi-well production dynamic analysis, inter-well interference test analysis and the like of the complicated heterogeneous reservoirs by using the multi-well production dynamic simulation analysis device.
Example 7
This embodiment is a seventh embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the first six embodiments, and is different from the first six embodiments in that: the present embodiment provides a part of the field in which the present invention can be applied.
1. The method can be applied to the following reservoir structures: (1) a single layer horizontal layered reservoir; (2) multiple layers are combined to adopt a reservoir; (3) a reservoir of inclined lamellar construction; (4) breaking a karst carbonate reservoir; (5) a huge thick homogeneous or heterogeneous reservoir; (6) the reservoir is constructed anticline.
2. The method can be applied to the following lithologic reservoirs: (1) depositing a sandstone reservoir; (2) a slotted, (3) a slotted hole type carbonate reservoir; (4) igneous rock reservoirs.
3. The method can be applied to the following production dynamic analysis: (1) five-point, seven-point and nine-point well pattern production processes; (2) injecting water and gas and injecting polymer to replace; (3) oil production and water absorption profile adjustment process; (4) cold and hot recovery of thick oil; (5) and (3) a thick oil foam and chemical displacement process.
4. The method can be applied to the following production test analysis: (1) an inter-well intervention process; (2) stable and unstable well test process; (3) testing the connectivity of a reservoir; (4) and (5) tracer testing.
Compared with the existing homogeneous reservoir well test analysis experimental device, the invention can manufacture various complex reservoir models through a 3D printing technology, and can quickly realize various production and test processes for simulating various complex reservoirs through combination.
It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the present application as shown in a variety of different exemplary embodiments is illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters (e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application. For example, elements shown as integrally formed may be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions may be altered or varied. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of present invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any means-plus-function clause is intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present inventions. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that nevertheless fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Furthermore, in an effort to provide a concise description of the exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual implementation may not be described (i.e., those not associated with the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention, or those not associated with practicing the invention).
It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production, test simulation device is characterized in that: comprising the steps of (a) a step of,
the bearing box body (100), wherein the bearing box body (100) is of a hollow structure, one side close to the ground is provided with a plurality of threaded holes (101), and square grooves (102) are formed below each threaded hole (101);
the simulated shaft (200) is provided with threads at the position corresponding to the threaded hole (101), a thread groove is formed in the inner wall of the threaded hole (101), the simulated shaft (200) is in spiral connection with the threaded hole (101), shaft slots (201) are uniformly formed in the hollow part of the simulated shaft (200) in the bearing box body (100), a wellhead device (202) is arranged at one end, far away from the threaded hole (101), of the simulated shaft (200), and a slot outer sleeve ring (203) is further arranged at one end, close to the wellhead device (202), of the simulated shaft (200);
the wellhead device (202) comprises a threaded rod (202 a), one end, far away from the bearing box body (100), of the threaded rod (202 a) is fixedly connected with a lug (202 b), and a control valve (202 c), a flowmeter (202 d) and a pressure gauge (202 e) are arranged on the lug (202 b);
the outer side of one end, close to the wellhead device (202), of the simulated shaft (200) is provided with threads, the inner wall of the threaded rod (202 a) is provided with a thread groove, and the simulated shaft (200) is in spiral connection with the threaded rod (202 a);
the bearing box body (100) further comprises a top cover (103), a through hole (103 a) corresponding to the threaded hole (101) is formed in the top cover (103), the through hole (103 a) is connected with the simulation shaft (200) in a nested mode, fixing blocks (103 b) are fixedly connected around the top cover (103), fixing grooves (204) are formed in positions, corresponding to the fixing blocks (103 b), of the bearing box body (100), and the fixing grooves (204) are connected with the fixing blocks (103 b) in a clamping mode;
a first groove (104) is formed in one side, close to the ground, of the periphery of the bearing box body (100), and a base (105) is clamped in the first groove (104).
2. The heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production, test simulation device of claim 1, wherein: the interior of the carrying case (100) may be provided with different types of reservoirs (300), the reservoirs (300) comprising,
the horizontal lamellar reservoir (301), the lamellar reservoir (301) of said horizontal veneer is the horizontal plate, there are several first through holes (301 a) on it;
a vertical single-plate-shaped reservoir layer (302), wherein the vertical single-plate-shaped reservoir layer (302) is a vertical plate, and a plurality of second through holes (302 a) are formed in the vertical plate;
the whole-block-shaped reservoir (303), wherein the whole-block-shaped reservoir (303) is a cuboid, and a plurality of third through holes (303 a) are formed in the whole-block-shaped reservoir; the inclined lamellar reservoir (304), wherein the inclined lamellar reservoir (304) is an inclined plate, and a plurality of fourth through holes (304 a) are formed in the inclined plate;
the back-inclined structure reservoir (305) is a curved plate, and a plurality of fifth through holes (305 a) are formed in the back-inclined structure reservoir (305).
3. A heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation method is characterized in that: a multi-well production, test simulation apparatus employing a heterogeneous reservoir as defined in claim 2, comprising:
determining reservoir printing and combining and placing schemes according to different simulated reservoir types and placing methods, and installing;
aiming at corresponding slotting and well group schemes, determining the on-off state of the 9 well 27 perforation and the production and test process needing simulation, and connecting the equipment of external fluid;
the packaging experimental device simulates the production and testing processes and analyzes the change characteristics of temperature and pressure under different states according to the data;
-if a horizontal lamellar reservoir structure is simulated, employing the horizontal veneer lamellar reservoir (301); -if a broken solution reservoir configuration is simulated, employing the vertical single plate reservoir (302); -if a monolithic reservoir construction is simulated, employing the monolithic reservoir (303); -if an inclined lamellar reservoir configuration is simulated, employing the inclined lamellar reservoir (304); if a anticline formation is simulated, adopting the anticline formation reservoir (305);
the production and test processes to be simulated comprise single-well and multi-well production, well closing and test, well pattern adjustment, interference among production wells and injection and production parameter adjustment before injection and production wells;
the simulation of the production and test process comprises the following steps: installing a 3D printing reservoir simulated target oil and gas reservoir, respectively simulating an injection well or a production well by using a simulated perforation shaft, recording wellhead pressure and yield by using a simulated shaft pressure gauge and a flowmeter, and performing simulated analysis on various types of bottom hole test pressure and temperature data by using a temperature pressure storage at the bottom of the shaft.
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| CN102022112A (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2011-04-20 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Intelligent oil well simulation experiment system and working method |
| CN107420096A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-12-01 | 中国石油大学(北京) | The physical simulation experiment device and its method of horizontal well multi-stage water power successively pressure break |
| CN109664510A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-23 | 长江大学 | A kind of oil exploitation stratum reservoir 3D modeling print system |
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