CN115561997A - Outdoor communication cabinet energy-saving control method based on high-reliability cabinet door design - Google Patents
Outdoor communication cabinet energy-saving control method based on high-reliability cabinet door design Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses outdoor communication cabinet energy-saving control method based on high-reliability cabinet door design, the initial value of PID control parameters is generated through a mixed particle optimization algorithm, then the accurate adjustment value of the parameters is output through a fuzzy controller, finally the influence of control process lag is eliminated through a Smith predictor, further a more optimal temperature control value can be output, then an execution object is controlled according to the temperature control value to execute corresponding control operation, and the control precision can be greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of energy-saving control, and particularly relates to an outdoor communication cabinet energy-saving control method based on high-reliability cabinet door design.
Background
The base stations are used as important energy consumption nodes of a communication network, and in the era of coexistence of rapid network iteration and multiple networks, the development of the large number of base stations towards green and low carbon becomes a technical development trend. The outdoor communication cabinet gradually replaces the traditional machine room to become the main force of base station construction, and compared with the traditional machine room, the outdoor communication cabinet has the advantages of convenient site selection, simple erection, land and material saving and the like. In order to realize heat dissipation of an outdoor cabinet, an air conditioning system is usually required to be additionally arranged on the cabinet, but the air conditioning system has the problems of large power consumption and high operation and maintenance cost for a long time.
In the related art, a PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) control method can be used to achieve the purpose of controlling the air conditioning of the cabinet, and although the method has many advantages such as simple operation, high reliability and good robustness, in a narrow environment and under the condition of many types and numbers of equipment, a cabinet model cannot be established, and the problems of large hysteresis in the temperature control process of the cabinet, low control accuracy and the like cannot be solved.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide an energy-saving control method for an outdoor communication cabinet based on a high-reliability cabinet door design to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application aims to provide an outdoor communication cabinet energy-saving control method based on high-reliability cabinet door design so as to solve the problems and improve the control precision.
In order to solve the technical problem, the present application is implemented as follows:
the outdoor communication cabinet energy-saving control method based on the high-reliability cabinet door design comprises a cabinet body and a cabinet door movably connected with the cabinet body, wherein a fresh air system, an air conditioning system and a control system are integrated on the cabinet door, the fresh air system and the air conditioning system are used for adjusting the temperature in the cabinet body, the control system is used for controlling the fresh air system and the air conditioning system to operate, the control system comprises a temperature sensor, a fuzzy controller, a PID (proportion integration differentiation) controller and a Smith predictor, the fuzzy controller, the PID controller and the Smith predictor form a closed-loop control system, and the outdoor communication cabinet energy-saving control method based on the high-reliability cabinet door design comprises the following steps:
s1: generating PID controller parameters based on a hybrid particle optimization algorithmOf initial values of (1), whereinRespectively representing a proportional coefficient, an integral coefficient and a differential coefficient;
s2: the temperature sensor is used for collecting the temperature in the cabinet, and the deviation value of the actual detection temperature and the preset temperature in the cabinet is calculatedAnd rate of change of deviation amountAs an input to the fuzzy controller;
s3: the fuzzy controller carries out corresponding reasoning according to the established fuzzy rule table and outputs the parameters of the PID controllerThe precise adjustment value of (a);
s4: adding the Smith predictor at the controlled object, separating a pure lag part of the controlled object from a linear part of the controlled object based on a Smith predictor lag compensation principle, and moving the pure lag part out of a closed-loop control system to eliminate the influence of pure lag in the control process;
s5: and outputting a temperature detection value of the cabinet body through the coordination of the fuzzy controller, the PID controller and the Smith predictor, and then controlling the operation of the fresh air system and the air conditioning system according to the temperature detection value to realize the control of the temperature in the cabinet body.
Preferably, the step S1 is specifically:
s11: initializing a particle swarm, randomly generating the positions and the speeds of all particles, determining the current optimal positions of the particles and the current optimal positions of the particle swarm, and sequentially assigning the particles to the parameters of a PID controllerAs an initial value;
s12: the particle updates its velocity and position according to:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,denotes the firstThe next iteration speed of each particle is calculated,in order to be the inertial weight,representing the velocity of the particle in the last iteration,is set to be 0, and is set to be,andis a constant of acceleration of the particles,is a random number within (0, 1),represents the percentage of the global social factor,,representing historical maxima of the particle swarm for a globally optimal solutionThe excellent position of the device is that the device,is shown asThe position of the particle is located in the particle,representing the historical optimal position of the particle for the global optimal solution;is shown asA particle ofThe position of the sub-iteration is,is shown asA particle ofThe position of the sub-iteration is,denotes the first+1 particle ofThe speed of the sub-iteration is such that,representing a simulation interval;
s13: updating the optimal positions of the particles and the optimal positions of the particle swarm according to the fitness value;
s14: updating the speed and position of the particles according to the step S32, iterating for multiple times until the maximum iteration time or the lower limit value of the fitness value is reached, and outputting the parameters of the PID controllerThe optimal solution of (1).
Preferably, the design rule of the fuzzy controller comprises the following steps:
s31: defining a fuzzy domain of the fuzzy controller, and calculating deviationAnd rate of change of deviation amountAs input to the fuzzy controller, the parameters of the PID controllerAs an output, the fuzzy domain of the input variables and the output variables of the fuzzy controller is defined as:
input variables are: { -0.7, -0.4, -0.15, 0, 0.15, 0.4, 0.7}
Output variables are: { -0.4, -0.2, -0.1, -0.05, 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4}
S32: setting fuzzy language, dividing variables into nine grades on fuzzy domain: the fuzzy domain is divided into nine fuzzy subsets by selecting a triangular membership function;
s33: making fuzzy rules, adopting Mamdani reasoning method to obtain fuzzy output quantity, and adopting gravity center method to make defuzzification so as to obtainThe precise output quantity of (2).
Preferably, in the Smith predictor, the transfer function of the controlled object is:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,which represents the output of the PID controller,the amount of the adjustment is shown,representing a transfer function that does not contain a pure hysteresis part,a transfer function representing a pure hysteresis part,representing the transfer function of the PID controller;
the characteristic equation is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,represents the output of the Smith predictor.
Preferably, the step S5 specifically includes:
if the temperature in the cabinet is higher than the temperature outside the cabinet, and the temperature in the cabinet is higher than the standard temperature and lower than the highest temperature, the temperature in the cabinet exceeds the standard temperature but is still in a controllable range, and at the moment, the fresh air system is started and the air conditioning system is closed, so that the gas flow in the cabinet body is accelerated, and the heat dissipation is accelerated;
if the temperature in the cabinet is higher than the highest temperature, the temperature in the cabinet exceeds a controllable range, and at the moment, the air conditioning system is started to close the fresh air system, cold air is conveyed into the cabinet body, and the temperature is rapidly reduced;
if the temperature in the cabinet is lower than the standard temperature and higher than the minimum temperature, the temperature in the cabinet is indicated to belong to the normal range, and the fresh air system and the air conditioning system are closed at the moment to naturally dissipate heat of the cabinet.
Preferably, the new trend system include with air inlet device and air-out device of cabinet body intercommunication, air inlet device set up in the bottom of rack, the air-out device set up in the top of the cabinet body, air inlet device be used for to the internal cold air of input of cabinet, the air-out device be used for to the external row of cabinet body releases hot air, air conditioning system set up in the outside surface of cabinet door.
Compared with the prior art, the method and the device have the advantages that the initial value of the PID control parameter is generated through the mixed particle optimization algorithm, then the accurate adjustment value of the parameter is output through the fuzzy controller, finally the influence of control process lag is eliminated through the Smith predictor, further the better temperature control value can be output, the execution object is controlled according to the temperature control value to execute corresponding control operation, and the control precision can be greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a control schematic diagram of a controller provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an outdoor communication cabinet provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the inside of a cabinet door provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is an outside schematic view of a cabinet door provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1-4, an embodiment of the present application provides an energy-saving control method for an outdoor communication cabinet based on a high-reliability cabinet door design, where the outdoor communication cabinet 100 includes a cabinet body 10 and a cabinet door 20, the cabinet door 20 is movably connected to the cabinet body 10, and a fresh air system 21, an air conditioning system 22, and a control system 23 are integrated on the cabinet door 20. The structural design of high integrated level can directly be used for the maintenance change to old rack, only need directly replace the cabinet door can, need not wholly change, can cut down the cost of changing. The cabinet door 20 is further provided with an intelligent lock, the cabinet door 20 and the cabinet body 10 are locked, and the intelligent lock can be selected to be a fingerprint opening mode. The cabinet door 20 can also be provided with a vibration sensor and an alarm, when the vibration sensor detects large vibration, the cabinet door 20 is indicated to be collided by violent foreign matters, and possibly damaged by man, the alarm correspondingly gives an alarm to play a warning role, and meanwhile sends an abnormal signal to a remote control terminal so as to arrange an operator to check on site.
The fresh air system 21 includes an air intake device 211 and an air outlet device 212 communicated with the cabinet body 10, the air intake device 211 is disposed at the bottom of the cabinet 10, and the air outlet device 212 is disposed at the top of the cabinet body 10. The air inlet device 211 is used for inputting cold air into the cabinet 10, and the air outlet device 212 is used for discharging heat air outside the cabinet 10 to realize natural heat exchange. Because the proportion of cold air is great, the gathering is in the bottom of the cabinet body, and the proportion of hot air is less, and the gathering is at the top of the cabinet body, consequently at air-out device 212 setting at the top, discharge hot air that can be better, air inlet unit 211 sets up in the bottom, and the cold air of input shifts from bottom to top under the effect of drive force, can promote the internal heat exchange of cabinet better, plays the cooling effect. The air inlet device 211 and the air outlet device 212 are fans.
The air inlet device cabinet 10 is provided with an air inlet in a penetrating manner at a position corresponding to the air inlet device 211, an air outlet in a penetrating manner at a position corresponding to the air outlet device 212, the air inlet device 211 is installed in the air inlet, the air outlet device 212 is installed in the air outlet, and dust screens are arranged on the outer sides of the air inlet and the air outlet to prevent external sundries from entering the air inlet and the air outlet. A dehumidifying device can be further arranged in the air inlet and arranged on the inner side of the fan, moisture in the air is removed, and the cabinet body is prevented from being too wet.
An air outlet of the air conditioning system 22 is communicated with the cabinet 10, and is directly used for conveying cold air and hot air into the cabinet 10. Air conditioning system 22 directly adopts the conventional structure in this field can, air conditioning system 22's top can also set up rain-proof baffle, when outdoor use, can shelter from the rainwater, prevents that the rainwater from getting into air conditioning system 22's inside.
Further, in order to deal with emergency, an alarm device can be further integrated on the cabinet door, if the temperature in the cabinet is not reduced due to high position for a long time, it is indicated that the air conditioning system 22 may break down, at this time, the fresh air system 21 can be forcibly started to accelerate heat dissipation, and meanwhile, the alarm device gives an alarm to remind a corresponding operator to overhaul.
The control system 23 includes a temperature sensor, a fuzzy controller, a PID controller, and a Smith predictor.
The temperature sensors are arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the cabinet door 20 and used for detecting the temperature inside and outside the cabinet body 10. The number of the temperature sensors is a plurality of, and the average detection temperature inside and outside the cabinet body 10 is obtained after the temperature data detected by the temperature sensors are weighted and averaged.
The fuzzy controller, the PID controller and the Smith predictor are matched to form a Smith-PID control system, and the outdoor communication cabinet energy-saving control method based on the high-reliability cabinet door design comprises the following steps:
The step S1 specifically comprises the following steps:
s11: initializing a particle swarm, randomly generating the positions and the speeds of all particles, determining the current optimal positions of the particles and the current optimal positions of the particle swarm, and sequentially assigning the particles to PID controlParameters of the systemAs an initial value;
s12: the particle updates its velocity and position according to:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,denotes the firstThe next iteration speed of each particle is calculated,in order to be the inertial weight,representing the velocity of the particle in the last iteration,is set to an initial value of 0, and,andis a constant for the acceleration of the particles,is a random number within (0, 1),represents the proportion of the global social factor,,representing the historical optimal position of the particle swarm for the global optimal solution,denotes the firstThe position of the particle is located in the particle,representing the historical optimal position of the particle for the global optimal solution;denotes the firstA particle ofThe position of the sub-iteration is,is shown asA particle ofThe position of the sub-iteration is,denotes the first+1 particle ofThe speed of the sub-iteration is such that,representing a simulation interval;
s13: updating the optimal positions of the particles and the optimal positions of the particle swarm according to the fitness value;
s14: updating the speed and position of the particles according to the step S32, iterating for multiple times until the maximum iteration time or the lower limit value of the fitness value is reached, and outputting the parameters of the PID controllerThe optimal solution of (a).
At present, the selection of PID controller parameters is mainly determined by continuously trial and error according to the experience of related technical personnel, and the method is too dependent on manpower, so that the time is consumed, and good setting effect cannot be obtained frequently. The hybrid particle optimization algorithm has no dependence on function form, has strong global search capability, saves time and labor compared with a manual experience setting method, has a good setting effect, and can effectively improve the control precision.
The common particle optimization algorithm only contains social factors, so that the common particle optimization algorithm is easy to fall into a local optimal solution when multi-objective optimization is carried out; the social factors are divided into local social factors and global social factors by adopting a mixed particle optimization algorithm, so that the problem of local optimization is well avoided.
S2: the temperature sensor is used for collecting the temperature in the cabinet, and the deviation value of the actual detection temperature and the preset temperature in the cabinet is calculatedAnd rate of change of deviation amountAs an input to the fuzzy controller.
S3: the fuzzy controller is based onThe established fuzzy rule table carries out corresponding reasoning and outputs the parameters of the PID controllerThe fine adjustment value of (2).
The design rule of the fuzzy controller comprises the following steps:
s31: defining fuzzy domain of the fuzzy controller, using deviation amount and deviation amount change rate as input of the fuzzy controller, and parameters of the PID controllerAs an output, the fuzzy domain of the input variables and the output variables of the fuzzy controller is defined as:
input variables are as follows: { -0.7, -0.4, -0.15, 0, 0.15, 0.4, 0.7}
Output variables: { -0.4, -0.2, -0.1, -0.05, 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4}
S32: setting fuzzy language, dividing variables into nine grades on fuzzy domain: the fuzzy domain is divided into nine fuzzy subsets by selecting a triangular membership function;
s33: making fuzzy rule, adopting Mamdani rational method to obtain fuzzy output quantity, adopting gravity center method to make defuzzification so as to obtainThe precise output quantity of (2).
The sign and corresponding meaning and value of the fuzzy subset of the fuzzy controller are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 symbolic meanings in fuzzy rules
The fuzzy control rule is shown in table 2.
S4: the Smith predictor is added at the controlled object, and based on the Smith predictor lag compensation principle, the pure lag part of the controlled object is separated from the linear part of the controlled object and is moved out of a closed-loop control system, so that the influence of the pure lag in the control process is eliminated.
The transfer function of the controlled object is expressed as:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,which represents the output of the PID controller,the amount of the adjustment is shown,representing a transfer function that does not contain a pure hysteresis part,a transfer function representing a pure hysteresis part,representing the transfer function of the PID controller;
the characteristic equation is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,represents the output of the Smith predictor.
The energy-saving control method utilizes the Smith-PID control system to output the temperature increment, and the control system 23 controls the fresh air system 21 and the air conditioning system 22 to execute corresponding operations according to the temperature increment, so that the control precision can be greatly improved, and the frequent start and stop of the fresh air system 21 and the air conditioning system caused by the frequent change of the detected temperature when the detected temperature is at the critical value of the fresh air system 21 and the air conditioning system 22 can be avoided.
S5: and the operation of the fan and the air conditioner is controlled through the coordination of the fuzzy controller, the PID controller and the Smith predictor, so that the control of the temperature in the cabinet body is realized.
The step S5 specifically comprises the following steps:
if the temperature in the cabinet is higher than the temperature outside the cabinet, and the temperature in the cabinet is higher than the standard temperature and lower than the highest temperature, the temperature in the cabinet exceeds the standard temperature but is still in a controllable range, and at the moment, the fresh air system is started and the air conditioning system is closed, so that the gas flow in the cabinet body is accelerated, and the heat dissipation is accelerated;
if the temperature in the cabinet is higher than the highest temperature, the temperature in the cabinet exceeds a controllable range, and at the moment, the air conditioning system is started to close the fresh air system, cold air is conveyed into the cabinet body, and the temperature is rapidly reduced;
if the temperature in the cabinet is lower than the standard temperature and higher than the minimum temperature, the temperature in the cabinet is shown to belong to the normal range, and the fresh air system and the air conditioning system are closed at the moment to naturally dissipate heat of the cabinet.
Through the cooperation of the fresh air system 21 and the air conditioning system 22, the service time of the air conditioning system 22 can be reduced, and the purpose of energy-saving control is achieved.
The control system 23 further comprises a communication module, the control system 23 is in communication connection with the remote control terminal through the communication module, and the communication mode can be wired communication, 4G wireless communication and 5G wireless communication.
While the present embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise embodiments described above, which are meant to be illustrative and not restrictive, and that various changes may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The outdoor communication cabinet energy-saving control method is characterized in that the outdoor communication cabinet comprises a cabinet body and a cabinet door movably connected with the cabinet body, a fresh air system, an air conditioning system and a control system are integrated on the cabinet door, the fresh air system and the air conditioning system are used for adjusting the temperature in the cabinet body, the control system is used for controlling the operation of the fresh air system and the air conditioning system, the control system comprises a temperature sensor, a fuzzy controller, a PID (proportion integration differentiation) controller and a Smith predictor, the fuzzy controller, the PID controller and the Smith predictor form a closed-loop control system, and the outdoor communication cabinet energy-saving control method based on the high-reliability cabinet door design comprises the following steps:
s1: PID controller parameter generation based on hybrid particle optimization algorithmOf initial values of (1), whereinRespectively representing a proportional coefficient, an integral coefficient and a differential coefficient;
s2: the temperature sensor is used for collecting the temperature in the cabinet, and the deviation value of the actual detection temperature and the preset temperature in the cabinet is calculatedAnd rate of change of deviation amountAs an input to the fuzzy controller;
s3: the fuzzy controller carries out corresponding reasoning according to the established fuzzy rule table and outputs the parameters of the PID controllerThe precise adjustment value of (a);
s4: adding the Smith predictor at the controlled object, separating a pure lag part of the controlled object from a linear part of the controlled object based on a Smith predictor lag compensation principle, and moving the pure lag part out of a closed-loop control system to eliminate the influence of pure lag in the control process;
s5: and outputting a temperature detection value of the cabinet body through the coordination action of the fuzzy controller, the PID controller and the Smith predictor, and then controlling the operation of the fresh air system and the air conditioning system according to the temperature detection value to realize the control of the temperature in the cabinet body.
2. The energy-saving control method for the outdoor communication cabinet based on the high-reliability cabinet door design according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 specifically comprises:
s11: initializing a particle swarm, randomly generating the positions and the speeds of all particles, determining the current optimal positions of the particles and the current optimal positions of the particle swarm, and sequentially assigning the particles to the parameters of a PID controllerAs an initial value;
s12: the particle updates its velocity and position according to:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,is shown asThe next iteration speed of each particle is calculated,as a result of the inertial weight,representing the velocity of the particle in the last iteration,is set to be 0, and is set to be,andis a constant of acceleration of the particles,is a random number within (0, 1),represents the percentage of the global social factor,,representing the historical optimal position of the particle swarm for the global optimal solution,is shown asThe position of the particle is located in the particle,representing the historical optimal position of the particle for the global optimal solution;is shown asA particle ofThe position of the sub-iteration is,is shown asA particle ofThe position of the sub-iteration is,is shown as+1 particle ofThe speed of the sub-iteration is such that,representing a simulation interval;
s13: updating the optimal positions of the particles and the optimal positions of the particle swarm according to the fitness value;
3. The outdoor communication cabinet energy-saving control method based on the high-reliability cabinet door design according to claim 1, wherein the design rule of the fuzzy controller comprises the following steps:
s31: defining a fuzzy universe of said fuzzy controller, and determining deviationAnd rate of change of deviation amountAs input to the fuzzy controller, the parameters of the PID controllerAs an output, the fuzzy domain of the input variables and the output variables of the fuzzy controller is defined as:
input variables are: { -0.7, -0.4, -0.15, 0, 0.15, 0.4, 0.7}
Output variables are: { -0.4, -0.2, -0.1, -0.05, 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4}
S32: setting fuzzy language, dividing variables into nine grades on fuzzy domain: the fuzzy universe is divided into nine fuzzy subsets by selecting a triangular membership function;
4. The outdoor communication cabinet energy-saving control method based on high-reliability cabinet door design according to claim 1, wherein in the Smith predictor, the transfer function of the controlled object is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,which represents the output of the PID controller,the amount of the adjustment is shown,representing a transfer function that does not contain a pure hysteresis part,a transfer function representing a pure hysteresis part,representing the transfer function of the PID controller;
the characteristic equation is as follows:
5. The energy-saving control method for the outdoor communication cabinet based on the high-reliability cabinet door design according to claim 1, wherein the step S5 specifically comprises:
if the temperature in the cabinet is higher than the temperature outside the cabinet, the temperature in the cabinet is higher than the standard temperature and lower than the highest temperature, the temperature in the cabinet exceeds the standard temperature and is still in a controllable range, and at the moment, the fresh air system is started and the air conditioning system is closed, so that the gas flow in the cabinet body is accelerated, and the heat dissipation is accelerated;
if the temperature in the cabinet is higher than the highest temperature, the temperature in the cabinet exceeds a controllable range, and at the moment, the air conditioning system is started to close the fresh air system, cold air is conveyed into the cabinet body, and the temperature is rapidly reduced;
if the temperature in the cabinet is lower than the standard temperature and higher than the minimum temperature, the temperature in the cabinet is shown to belong to the normal range, and the fresh air system and the air conditioning system are closed at the moment to naturally dissipate heat of the cabinet.
6. The energy-saving control method for the outdoor communication cabinet based on the high-reliability cabinet door design as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fresh air system includes an air inlet device and an air outlet device which are communicated with the cabinet body, the air inlet device is disposed at the bottom of the cabinet, the air outlet device is disposed at the top of the cabinet body, the air inlet device is used for inputting cold air into the cabinet body, the air outlet device is used for discharging hot air out of the cabinet body, and the air conditioning system is disposed on the outer side surface of the cabinet door.
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