CN115558857B - Niobium-vanadium-titanium microalloyed heavy-duty special-shaped blank for low-temperature toughness bridge structure and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Niobium-vanadium-titanium microalloyed heavy-duty special-shaped blank for low-temperature toughness bridge structure and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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CN115558857B
CN115558857B CN202211212151.4A CN202211212151A CN115558857B CN 115558857 B CN115558857 B CN 115558857B CN 202211212151 A CN202211212151 A CN 202211212151A CN 115558857 B CN115558857 B CN 115558857B
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steel
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CN115558857A (en
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王金坤
张振海
孙涛
张学森
孙波
鲍磊
张仕洋
朱卫群
宋健
牛金印
沈思宝
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Maanshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/009—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of work of special cross-section, e.g. I-beams, U-profiles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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    • C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/005—Ferrite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Abstract

The application provides a niobium-vanadium-titanium microalloyed heavy-duty special-shaped blank for a low-temperature ductile bridge structure and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the components are as follows: c:0.05 to 0.15 percent; si:0.10 to 0.45 percent; mn:1.25 to 1.65 percent; p is less than or equal to 0.025%; s is less than or equal to 0.015 percent; als:0.005% -0.050%; ni:0.10 to 0.35 percent; cr is less than or equal to 0.30 percent; cu is less than or equal to 0.30 percent; nb:0.010 to 0.035 percent; v: 0.020-0.070; ti:0.010 to 0.050 percent; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. According to the application, through Nb, V and Ti microalloying design, a heavy-duty special-shaped blank for a bridge structure with low-temperature toughness is obtained by utilizing fine grain strengthening, precipitation strengthening, phase change strengthening and deformation penetration control.

Description

Niobium-vanadium-titanium microalloyed heavy-duty special-shaped blank for low-temperature toughness bridge structure and manufacturing method thereof
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a niobium-vanadium-titanium microalloyed heavy-duty special-shaped blank for a low-temperature ductile bridge structure and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
Along with the rapid development of the economy in China, large-scale construction projects such as high-speed rails, subways, cross-sea bridges and the like are increased, and the quality requirements on bridge structure steel are gradually improved. Because monopoly of heavy H-shaped steel market abroad, domestic large-scale structural steel for bridge construction usually adopts a steel plate welding forming process and a riveting forming process, and needs to be used for bridge structures after processes such as flattening, shearing, flame cutting, bending forming, welding (riveting) and the like, the problems of cracking, poor low-temperature toughness, warp deformation after flame cutting and the like can occur in the using process, and the quality of the bridge is influenced.
The structural steel for the bridge is mainly used for manufacturing highway bridges with large box girder structures and railway bridges with welded structures, is a main bearing part of the highway bridges and the railway bridges, and almost bears the whole weight of the bridge. The construction of large-scale bridge projects brings higher requirements on the quality of bridge structural steel, and on one hand, the development of large specification and high strength is required; on the other hand, excellent strength, toughness, weldability, fatigue resistance are required, while low yield ratio is required to ensure fracture resistance under a large load. Under the high quality requirement of large-scale bridge construction, heavy H shaped steel market is developed rapidly.
At present, the heavy hot rolled H-shaped steel for constructing highway and railway bridges is an economic section high-efficiency section with more optimized section area distribution and more reasonable strength-weight ratio, and the special peak nest Liang Tedian can be combined into various section forms, so that the engineering design and manufacturing requirements are met to a great extent. The H-shaped steel has the advantages of large section modulus and metal saving compared with common steel due to the economical and reasonable section shape of the section, and the H-shaped steel effectively reduces the building structure by about 20 percent and reduces the internal force of structural design; the inner side and the outer side of the H-shaped steel leg are parallel, the assembly and the combination are easy to form a component, the cost is low, the precision is high, the welding and the willow joint workload can be saved by about 25 percent compared with other steels, and the steel cost can be saved by about 30 percent.
The publication number CN 109023064A published in 12 months and 18 days in 2018 discloses a bridge structural steel Q345qE steel strip with low-temperature toughness and a production method thereof, wherein the thickness of the steel strip is 6.0-25 mm, and the chemical components and the mass percentage content thereof are as follows: 0.08-0.14%, si less than or equal to 0.20%, mn:1.10-1.45%, P is less than or equal to 0.018%, S is less than or equal to 0.006%, als:0.010-0.045%, nb:0.012-0.035%, ti:0.008-0.025%, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities, and the production method comprises smelting, continuous casting, heating, rolling, cooling and coiling procedures. The patent publication No. CN 110735085A published in 1 month 31 2020 discloses a manufacturing method of thin steel plates Q345qE and Q370qE, wherein the thickness of the steel plate for bridge steel is less than or equal to 10mm, and the chemical components and the mass percentage content are as follows: 0.06-0.09%, si:0.10 to 0.30 percent, mn:1.20 to 1.50 percent of Al: 0.020-0.060%, nb: 0.02-0.04%, ti: more than 0% and less than 0.020%, cr: more than 0% and 0.20% or less, cu: more than 0% and less than 0.30%, P: more than 0% and less than 0.016%, S: more than 0% and less than 0.005%, and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurity elements.
The prior art is limited to development and production of hot rolled plates for bridge structures, has larger difference in production process compared with heavy H-shaped steel produced by adopting special-shaped blanks, and in addition, hot rolled Q345qE steel strips or steel coils are required to be used for bridge structures after processes such as flattening, shearing, flame cutting, bending forming, welding (riveting) and the like, and the problems of cracking, poor low-temperature toughness, warping deformation after flame cutting and the like can occur in the using process, so that the bridge quality is influenced.
There is no prior art for heavy duty beam blanks for bridge structures.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a niobium-vanadium-titanium microalloyed heavy-duty special-shaped blank for a low-temperature ductile bridge structure and a manufacturing method thereof, which have the largest domestic cross-sectional area, the meter weight of more than 2.8t and good surface quality. The heavy H-shaped steel product produced after hot rolling has the advantages of large bearing capacity, good section stability, material utilization rate, manufacturing period, labor cost and the like.
The specific technical scheme of the application is as follows:
the niobium-vanadium-titanium microalloyed heavy-duty special-shaped blank for the low-temperature toughness bridge structure comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
C：0.05％～0.15％；
Si：0.10％～0.45％；
Mn：1.25％～1.65％；
P≤0.025％；
S≤0.015％；
Als：0.005％～0.050％；
Ni：0.10％～0.35％；
Cr≤0.30％；
Cu≤0.30％；
Nb：0.010％～0.035％；
V：0.020％～0.070％；
Ti：0.010％～0.050％；
Nb+V+Ti≤0.15％；
the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
And through adding Nb, V and Ti for microalloying, structure grains are refined, and the mechanical property of the heavy H-shaped steel is improved. Nb atoms in the steel are larger than iron atoms in size, and are easy to gather on dislocation lines, so that recrystallization nucleation is inhibited, fine crystal strengthening effect on the steel is obvious when the Nb content in the steel is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the contribution to toughening is reduced when the Nb content in the steel exceeds 0.05%; v has high solubility in steel, influences the structure and performance of the steel by forming VC, VN and the like, mainly precipitates and separates out in ferrite of austenite grain boundaries, inhibits austenite recrystallization in the rolling process, prevents grain growth, refines the grains, and improves the strength and toughness of the steel; ti is a strong carbide forming element and has extremely strong affinity with N, O, C in steel, and the formed difficultly-soluble carbide is enriched at the grain boundary of the steel, so that the coarsening of the crystal grains of the steel is prevented, the structure of the steel is thinned, and the strength of the steel is greatly improved.
The components of the niobium-vanadium-titanium micro-alloyed heavy-duty special-shaped blank for the low-temperature toughness bridge structure also meet the following conditions: n is less than or equal to 80ppm, B is less than or equal to 10ppm, and H is less than or equal to 3.0ppm; so as to improve the low-temperature toughness and corrosion resistance of the heavy-duty special-shaped blank for the bridge structure.
The components of the niobium-vanadium-titanium micro-alloyed heavy-duty special-shaped blank for the low-temperature toughness bridge structure also meet the following conditions: CEV is less than or equal to 0.44 percent.
The formula for calculating the carbon equivalent: CEV (%) =c+mn/6+ (cr+mo+v)/5+ (ni+cu)/15.
In order to meet the design requirement of the heavy H-shaped steel for the low-temperature toughness bridge structure of the rolled finished product, preferably, the components of the niobium-vanadium-titanium microalloyed heavy-shaped blank for the low-temperature toughness bridge structure also meet the following requirements:
C：0.06％～0.15％；
Si：0.15％～0.45％；
Mn：1.30％～1.65％；
P≤0.020％；
S≤0.010％；
Als：0.010％～0.050％；
Ni：0.15％～0.35％；
Cr≤0.25％；
Cu≤0.25％；
Nb：0.010％～0.035％；
V：0.020％～0.070％；
Ti：0.015％～0.050％；
wherein Nb+V+Ti is more than or equal to 0.05% and less than or equal to 0.15%;
the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
When the total amount of the micro-alloy elements is lower than 0.05%, the refined grain degree of the produced heavy H-shaped steel product is insufficient, the mechanical property of the product meets the design requirement, and when the micro-alloy elements exceeds 0.15%, the toughness of the heavy special-shaped blank is obviously increased, the plasticity is poor, the risk of generating cracks exists, and meanwhile, the manufacturing cost is increased; therefore, the application controls Nb+V+Ti to be more than or equal to 0.05% and less than or equal to 0.15%.
Furthermore, in order to improve the low-temperature toughness of the heavy-duty special-shaped blank for the bridge structure, the components of the niobium-vanadium-titanium microalloyed heavy-duty special-shaped blank for the bridge structure with low-temperature toughness also meet the requirements that N is less than or equal to 70ppm, B is less than or equal to 10ppm and H is less than or equal to 2.0ppm;
furthermore, the components of the niobium-vanadium-titanium microalloyed heavy-duty special-shaped blank for the low-temperature toughness bridge structure are required to meet CEV less than or equal to 0.42 percent, when the carbon steel quantity is controlled to be more than 0.42 percent, the production cost and the crack sensitivity of a heavy-duty H-shaped steel casting blank are increased, longitudinal and transverse cracks of the casting blank are generated, and the processing performance of the heavy-duty H-shaped steel is influenced.
The specification of the niobium-vanadium-titanium microalloyed heavy-duty special-shaped blank for the low-temperature toughness bridge structure reaches 1300mm in height, 510mm in width, 140mm in web thickness and 180mm in flange thickness, and the weight per meter of the heavy-duty special-shaped blank belongs to the largest domestic specification and reaches more than 2.8 t. Heavy-duty special-shaped blanks have large specification and large weight per unit length, and enterprises with production capacity are temporarily unavailable in China; especially, the special-shaped blank has large specification and large mass per unit length, when the components and the temperature are controlled improperly in the continuous casting production process, web and flange cracks are easy to be caused, the interior of a casting blank is loose, and the final use performance of the product is affected; the application can overcome the problems by controlling the components and the production process, and successfully produce the heavy-duty special-shaped blank.
The application provides a manufacturing method of a niobium-vanadium-titanium microalloyed heavy special-shaped blank for a low-temperature ductile bridge structure, which comprises the following steps:
1) KR molten iron pretreatment desulfurization:
2) Steelmaking by a converter;
3) Argon blowing;
4) Refining in an LF furnace;
5) Refining by a VD furnace;
6) And (5) continuous casting by a heavy-duty special-shaped blank continuous casting machine.
In the step 1), the niobium-vanadium-titanium microalloying heavy special-shaped blank for the low-temperature toughness bridge structure has higher requirement on the S content of molten iron; the molten iron is transferred into a converter to advance into a KR desulfurization station for pretreatment, the S content of the desulfurized molten iron target is less than or equal to 0.010%, and the slag skimming bright surface is more than or equal to 70%;
in the step 2), a converter is adopted for steelmaking, auxiliary materials and alloys such as composite refining slag, lime, aluminum iron, low-carbon ferromanganese, ferronickel, ferrosilicon and the like are added in one step in the tapping process, and the tapping temperature of the converter is controlled within the range of 1590-1650 ℃;
in the step 3), argon is blown at the bottom in the tapping process of the converter, the temperature of molten steel is measured after the molten steel enters an argon blowing station, the argon blowing time is more than or equal to 3 minutes, and the molten steel component is sampled and measured before the molten steel is discharged;
in the step 4), argon is blown into the bottom of the ladle refining in the LF furnace, alloy such as ferroniobium, ferrovanadium and ferrotitanium is added according to the design requirement of components, the ladle bottom is stirred for 3 to 10 minutes under the condition of argon blowing pressure of 0.2 to 0.4MPa, temperature measurement and sampling are carried out, and the ladle is discharged after the components and the temperature meet the design requirement;
in the step 5), refining in a VD furnace, keeping the vacuum degree at less than or equal to 120Pa for more than or equal to 8min, performing bottom argon blowing in a vacuum process, and determining H after the vacuum is finished. And (3) fine tuning according to the component test result, performing calcium treatment according to the Als content in the steel, wherein the target Ca content is 0.0005% -0.0050%, and the weak stirring time after Ca treatment is more than or equal to 1min. The calcium treatment can denature inclusions in steel, and reduce harm of the inclusions in the steel. Brittle Al with high melting point generated by deoxidizing aluminum in bridge steel 2 O 3 The inclusion is denatured into low-melting-point calcium aluminate inclusion with higher calcium content, so that the castability of heavy-duty special-shaped blank continuous casting is improved.
In the step 6), the continuous casting of the heavy-duty special-shaped blank continuous casting machine is specifically argon blowing protection in the large ladle transferring process, the argon blowing protection is carried out in the heavy-duty special-shaped blank continuous casting machine before casting, the whole water gap is adopted for casting, and the water gap insertion depth is controlled to be 80-130 mm; quickly leading the liquid level of the molten steel in the tundish to be more than or equal to 12 tons and starting pouring, and blowing argon to protect a ladle nozzle in the pouring process. The continuous casting pulling speed range of the heavy-duty special-shaped blank continuous casting machine is 0.40 m/min-0.80 m/min, the pulling speed target range is 0.45 m/min-0.80 m/min, and the heavy-duty special-shaped blank with the cross section of 1300mm (height) ×510mm (width) ×140mm (web thickness) ×180mm (flange thickness) fixed-length is obtained after fire cutting, and the heavy-duty special-shaped blank has the meter weight of 2.833t and belongs to special-shaped blanks in China.
The casting blank produced by the method has excellent surface, low-power detection analysis shows that the central porosity is less than or equal to 1.5, the central segregation is less than or equal to 1.0, the corner cracks are less than or equal to 1.5, and the quality problems of subcutaneous cracks, middle cracks, central cracks, subcutaneous bubbles and the like are avoided.
The design idea of the application is as follows:
c: the content increases, the strength and hardness of the steel increases, and the plasticity and toughness decrease. Therefore, on the basis of ensuring the strength, the reduction of the carbon content is beneficial to improving the toughness and cold workability of the steel.
Si: the silicon content is properly increased in the heavy-duty special-shaped blank, which is beneficial to the comprehensive mechanical property of the steel and simultaneously increases the corrosion resistance of the steel.
Mn: the strength of the heavy H-shaped steel finished product is improved, the important alloy elements for improving the toughness of the heavy H-shaped steel can be infinitely dissolved with Fe, and the influence on plasticity is relatively small while the strength of the steel is improved.
P: the solid-volume strengthening and work hardening effects are extremely strong, segregation in steel is serious, the cold brittleness of steel is increased, the steel is easy to be corroded by acid, and the phosphorus content in the steel is less than or equal to 0.025% for heavy H-shaped steel with higher quality requirements.
S: the presence of sulfur promotes hot embrittlement and rusting of the steel, and is a harmful impurity element. Therefore, the sulfur content of the heavy H-shaped steel is less than or equal to 0.015 percent, and the sulfur content of the heavy H-shaped steel is less than or equal to 0.015 percent for large-scale bridge construction with higher design service life requirements.
Als: the inclusion and AlN in the steel can be reduced by proper acid-soluble aluminum content, the calcium treatment effect is ensured, the crystal grains can be refined, and the performance of the heavy H-shaped steel is improved. The excessive or low content of acid-soluble aluminum can cause the increase of the total amount of inclusions, and has an influence on the quality of casting blanks.
Ni: the strength, low-temperature toughness and corrosion resistance of the heavy H-shaped steel are improved, and the embrittlement temperature is extremely low. The lattice constant of Ni is close to that of gamma-iron, so that continuous solid solution can be formed, the critical point can be lowered, and the stability of austenite can be increased.
Ca: the calcium treatment can denature inclusions in steel, and reduce harm of the inclusions in the steel. High-melting-point brittle Al produced by deoxidizing aluminum in heavy H-shaped steel 2 O 3 The inclusion is denatured into low-melting-point calcium aluminate inclusion with higher calcium content, so that the continuous casting castability of the heavy-duty special-shaped blank is improved.
Nb, V and Ti: the main function in steel is to refine the grains. The strength and toughness of the steel are greatly improved through the dispersion and precipitation of carbonitride particles and the solid solution of Nb, V and Ti. Therefore, three microalloy elements of Nb, V and Ti are added into the heavy-duty special-shaped blank, and a certain N content is ensured, so that the strength of the heavy H-shaped steel of a hot-rolled finished product is improved.
N: with the increase of the nitrogen content, the strength of the steel can be obviously improved, the plasticity, particularly the toughness, is obviously reduced, the weldability is poor, and the cold brittleness is increased; and simultaneously, the ageing tendency, the cold brittleness and the hot brittleness are increased, and the welding performance and the cold bending performance of the steel are damaged.
H: the most harmful elements in the steel, and the hydrogen dissolved in the steel can cause defects such as hydrogen embrittlement, white spots and the like of the steel. Hydrogen, like oxygen and nitrogen, has very low solubility in solid steel, dissolves into molten steel at high temperature, escapes out and accumulates in tissues to form high-pressure fine pores when cooled, so that the plasticity, toughness and fatigue strength of the steel are rapidly reduced, and cracks and brittle failure are caused when serious. In order to ensure the control of N and H in steel, a vacuum pumping treatment process of a VD furnace is adopted, so that the quality requirement of heavy H-shaped steel is ensured to be met. B. Cu and Cr are residual elements in steel.
The heavy-duty special-shaped blank obtained by the production method has good surface quality and low-power tissue control, and is heated by a heating furnace at 1200-1260 ℃, subjected to 5-13 times of rough rolling and 5-13 times of finish rolling, and according to the requirements of customersAfter working procedures such as finishing, cutting, sizing and the like are carried out, the metallographic structure of the obtained heavy H-shaped steel product is ferrite, bainite and pearlite, wherein the grain size grade of the ferrite is more than 9.0, the volume ratio of the bainite and the pearlite is lower than 20%, and the bainite is relatively less; ferrite volume ratio is 80-90%, ferrite grain size in the structure is 5-15 μm, wherein 7-10 μm ferrite accounts for more than 50% of total ferrite proportion, and mechanical property reaches yield strength R eL Not lower than 355MPa, tensile strength R m Not lower than 490MPa, elongation A not lower than 20%, KV at-40 DEG C 2 Not lower than 120J, has excellent low-temperature toughness and mechanical property, and the product quality meets the design requirement.
The low-temperature toughness heavy-duty special-shaped blank manufactured by the method has the section specification of 1300mm (height) ×510mm (width) ×140mm (web thickness) ×180mm (flange thickness), the rice weight of the heavy-duty special-shaped blank reaches more than 2.8t, and the heavy-duty special-shaped blank belongs to the special-shaped blank with the largest section in China. The components adopt Nb, V and Ti microalloying design, and according to the process characteristics of casting blank heating, hot rolling, cold control, finishing and the like of hot-rolled H-shaped steel, the pinning effect of Nb, V, alt and other second phase particles is matched, so that the rolling effect of an austenite recrystallization zone is maximized, and fine grain strengthening is realized; the trace nitrogen-strengthening element Ti is adopted, so that TiN particles distributed in a dispersing way can be formed, austenite grains can be restrained from coarsening in the heating process and the rolling process of the blank, and the effects of refining the grains and improving the low-temperature toughness of the heavy H-shaped steel are achieved. A certain V content is adopted to achieve the effect of precipitation strengthening; controlling the addition amount of Nb, V and Ti, nb:0.010 to 0.035 percent; v: 0.020-0.070; ti:0.010 to 0.050 percent; nb+V+Ti is more than or equal to 0.05% and less than or equal to 0.15%, the sensitivity of surface cracks of the continuous casting special-shaped blank is not increased, and the surface quality of the product is effectively controlled; the thick gauge adopts relatively low rolling temperature to obtain good deformation penetration, and the uniformity of microstructure in the thickness direction of the flange is improved by matching with higher Mn content.
Compared with the prior art, the application obtains the heavy-duty special-shaped blank for the bridge structure with low temperature toughness by adopting the micro-alloying design of Nb, V and Ti and utilizing fine grain strengthening, precipitation strengthening, phase change strengthening and deformation penetration control according to the requirements of large-scale bridge design on structural steel, and the unique specification of the product reaches 1300mm (height) x 510mm (width) x 140mm (web thickness) x 180mm (flange thickness), belongs to the heavy-duty special-shaped blank with the largest domestic specification, and has the meter weight of more than 2.8 t. The heavy H-shaped steel is obtained through the processes of subsequent process heating, hot rolling, controlled cooling, finishing and the like, and finally the produced heavy H-shaped steel replaces the H-shaped steel produced through the welding and riveting process, is used for large-scale bridge construction, and the H-shaped steel processed through the welding and riveting process with the advantages of product strength, low-temperature toughness, stability and the like can effectively improve engineering quality and prolong service life. The steel bridge is greatly popularized at present, meanwhile, the environment-friendly development of construction and subsequent maintenance is also promoted, the market demand prospect of the niobium-vanadium-titanium microalloyed heavy hot rolled H-shaped steel for the low-temperature ductile bridge structure is very wide, and the steel bridge is used for highway and railway bridge construction and can generate better social benefit and economic benefit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a low-power H1300×510×140 heavy duty preform according to example 1.
Detailed Description
Example 1 to example 6
The niobium-vanadium-titanium microalloyed heavy-duty special-shaped blank for the low-temperature toughness bridge structure comprises the following components in percentage by mass: as shown in table 1, the balance not shown in table 1 is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Comparative example 1-comparative example 2
The special-shaped blank comprises the following components in percentage by mass: as shown in table 1, the balance not shown in table 1 is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Table 1 content (wt%) of the ingredients of each of examples and comparative examples
Examples C Si Mn P S Als Ni Cr
Example 1 0.11 0.44 1.39 0.015 0.009 0.025 0.33 0.08
Example 2 0.11 0.16 1.33 0.019 0.007 0.028 0.16 0.06
Example 3 0.14 0.21 1.42 0.020 0.009 0.031 0.25 0.05
Example 4 0.08 0.38 1.51 0.014 0.008 0.012 0.31 0.07
Example 5 0.11 0.26 1.58 0.017 0.007 0.045 0.19 0.05
Example 6 0.06 0.32 1.60 0.018 0.008 0.036 0.21 0.04
Comparative example 1 0.05 0.47 1.28 0.022 0.011 0.009 0.14 0.09
Comparative example 2 0.06 0.46 1.30 0.021 0.013 0.052 0.26 0.11
Comparative example 3 0.08 0.14 1.28 0.018 0.010 0.025 0.024 0.06
Comparative example 4 0.17 0.48 1.66 0.021 0.011 0.020 0.020 0.04
Examples Cu Nb V Ti N B H CEV
Example 1 0.07 0.030 0.06 0.02 0.0056 0.0007 0.00015 0.40
Example 2 0.09 0.020 0.04 0.04 0.0049 0.0006 0.00012 0.37
Example 3 0.03 0.025 0.05 0.015 0.0053 0.0008 0.00014 0.42
Example 4 0.06 0.015 0.03 0.02 0.0055 0.0005 0.00013 0.38
Example 5 0.08 0.015 0.03 0.025 0.0075 0.0007 0.00013 0.41
Example 6 0.06 0.015 0.03 0.015 0.0070 0.0006 0.00009 0.36
ComparisonExample 1 0.07 0.010 0.02 0.01 0.0076 0.0011 0.00036 0.30
Comparative example 2 0.07 0.025 0.05 0.025 0.0082 0.0010 0.00048 0.33
Comparative example 3 0.02 0.055 0.65 0.060 0.0078 0.0009 0.00032 0.44
Comparative example 4 0.05 0.035 0.07 0.045 0.0069 0.0010 0.00035 0.47
The production method of the special blank of each example and the comparative example comprises the following steps:
1) KR molten iron pretreatment desulfurization: the niobium-vanadium-titanium microalloying heavy special-shaped blank for the low-temperature toughness bridge structure has higher requirement on the S content of molten iron. The molten iron is pretreated after being transferred into a KR desulfurization station in a converter, the S content of the desulfurized molten iron target is less than or equal to 0.010%, and the slag skimming bright surface of the molten iron is more than or equal to 70%.
2) Converter steelmaking: adopting a converter to make steel, adding auxiliary materials and alloys such as composite refining slag, lime, aluminum iron, low-carbon ferromanganese, nickel iron, ferrosilicon and the like into the steel tapping process at one time, and controlling the steel tapping temperature of the converter within the range of 1590-1650 ℃;
3) Argon station: argon blowing is started at the bottom in the tapping process of the converter, temperature measurement is carried out after molten steel enters an argon blowing station, the argon blowing time is more than or equal to 3 minutes, and sampling is carried out before the tapping station for measuring molten steel components;
4) Refining in an LF furnace: argon is blown at the bottom of the ladle, alloy such as ferroniobium, ferrovanadium and ferrotitanium is added according to the design requirement of components, the ladle is strongly stirred for 3-10 min under the condition of argon pressure of 0.2-0.4MPa, temperature measurement and sampling are carried out, and the ladle is discharged after the components and the temperature meet the design requirement;
5) Refining by a VD furnace: the holding time is more than or equal to 8min under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 120Pa, argon is blown at the bottom in the vacuum process, and H is determined after the vacuum is finished. And (3) fine tuning according to the component test result, performing calcium treatment according to the Als content in the steel, wherein the target Ca content is 0.0005-0.0050%, and the weak stirring time after Ca treatment is more than or equal to 1min. The calcium treatment can denature inclusions in steel, and reduce harm of the inclusions in the steel. Brittle Al with high melting point generated by deoxidizing aluminum in bridge steel 2 O 3 The inclusion is denatured into low-melting-point calcium aluminate inclusion with higher calcium content, so that the castability of continuous casting of heavy-duty special-shaped blanks is improved;
6) Continuous casting of heavy-duty special-shaped blank continuous casting machine: argon blowing protection is carried out in the ladle transferring process, and argon blowing protection is carried out in a ladle of a heavy-duty special-shaped blank continuous casting machine before casting is carried out, the whole nozzle is adopted for casting, and the insertion depth of the nozzle is controlled to be 80-130 mm; when casting is started, the liquid level of the molten steel in the tundish is quickly raised to be more than or equal to 12 tons, and casting is started, and argon blowing protection is carried out on a ladle nozzle in the casting process. The continuous casting pulling speed range of the heavy-duty special-shaped blank continuous casting machine is 0.40-0.80 m/min, the pulling speed target range is 0.45-0.80 m/min, and the heavy-duty special-shaped blank with the cross section of 1300mm (height) ×510mm (width) ×140mm (web thickness) ×180mm (flange thickness) fixed length is obtained after fire cutting, and the rice weight of the heavy-duty special-shaped blank reaches more than 2.8t, and belongs to the special-shaped blank with the largest cross section in China.
In the production process, after KR molten iron pretreatment desulfurization, converter steelmaking, LF furnace refining, VD furnace vacuumizing and a heavy-duty special-shaped blank continuous casting machine, the niobium vanadium titanium microalloyed heavy-duty special-shaped blank for the low-temperature toughness bridge structure is obtained, and the working procedure components and the temperature control parameters of the examples and the comparative examples are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 production process and quality control of heavy duty parisons for each example and comparative example
The heavy-duty profiled bar produced in the embodiment is heated in a heating furnace at 1200-1260 ℃, roughly rolled in 5-13 steps, finely rolled in 5-13 steps, and finished and cut to length according to the requirements of customers, and the mechanical properties of the heavy-duty H-shaped steel product reach the conditions that the yield strength ReL is not lower than 355MPa, the tensile strength Rm is not lower than 490MPa, the elongation A is not lower than 20 percent and KV is 40 ℃ below zero 2 Not less than 120J. The properties of the produced H-steel for each example and comparative example are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Properties of H-section steels produced in examples and comparative examples
The data of the horizontal lines drawn in the above table are data which do not satisfy the requirements of the present application.
The niobium-vanadium-titanium microalloyed heavy-duty special-shaped blank for the low-temperature toughness bridge structure produced by adopting the embodiment 1-embodiment 6 has excellent quality and excellent surface quality, and low-power detection analysis shows that the center porosity is less than or equal to 1.5, the center segregation is less than or equal to 1.0, the corner crack is less than or equal to 1.5, and the quality problems of subcutaneous cracks, middle cracks, center cracks, subcutaneous bubbles and the like are avoided. The heavy H-shaped steel product produced by the casting blank manufactured by the method is subjected to the procedures of heating in a heating furnace of 1200-1260 ℃, rough rolling in 5-13 passes, finish rolling in 5-13 passes, finishing and cutting to a fixed size according to the requirements of customers, and the like, and has the yield strength R eL More than 355MPa, tensile strength Rm is more than 490MPa, KV at-40 DEG C 2 And the alloy is more than 120J, and has excellent low-temperature toughness and corrosion resistance.
The surface quality of the niobium-vanadium-titanium microalloyed heavy-duty profiled blank for the low-temperature toughness bridge structure produced by adopting the comparative examples 1 to 4 is inferior to that of the embodiment of the application, the cast blank produced by adopting the comparative examples is subjected to the procedures of heating by a heating furnace of 1200 ℃ to 1260 ℃, rough rolling of 5 to 13 passes, finish rolling of 5 to 13 passes, finishing and sizing according to the requirements of customers and the like according to the same process as the embodiment of the application, and the yield strength R eL 350MPa, 355MPa, 395MPa and 410MPa, and tensile strength Rm is 485MPa, 490MPa, 520MPa and 580MPa, KV at-40 DEG C 2 125J, 128J, 100J and 150J, the fluctuation of yield strength and tensile strength is large, the problem that the mechanical properties are lower than the quality standard exists, and the too high mechanical properties of comparative example 3 and comparative example 4 influence the processing property and the cost control and have good corrosion resistance. In addition, the microalloy element Nb+V+Ti in the comparative example 3 is more than 0.15%, the carbon equivalent CEV in the comparative example 4 is more than 0.44%, the fine grain strengthening effect is generated in the heavy-duty special-shaped blank, the casting blank has high strength, strong toughness and relatively poor plasticity, the low-temperature impact performance is poor at the temperature of minus 40 ℃, longitudinal cracks are easy to generate in the production process, and the product quality is influenced.
The foregoing description is only a few examples and comparative examples of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, but is intended to cover all equivalent structures or indirect applications of the present application in other related technical fields.

Claims (9)

1. The niobium-vanadium-titanium microalloyed heavy-duty special-shaped blank for the low-temperature toughness bridge structure is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
C：0.05%~0.15%；
Si：0.10%~0.45%；
Mn：1.25%~1.65%；
P≤0.025%；
S≤0.015%；
Als：0.005%~0.050%；
Ni：0.10%~0.35%；
Cr≤0.30%；
Cu≤0.30%；
Nb：0.010%~0.035%；
V：0.020%~0.070%；
Ti：0.010%~0.050%；
Nb+ V+ Ti≤0.15%；
N≤80ppm；
B≤10ppm；
H≤3.0ppm；
the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities;
the manufacturing method of the niobium-vanadium-titanium microalloyed heavy-duty special-shaped blank for the low-temperature toughness bridge structure comprises the following steps of:
1) KR molten iron pretreatment desulfurization:
2) Steelmaking by a converter;
3) Argon blowing;
4) Refining in an LF furnace;
5) Refining by a VD furnace;
6) Continuous casting by a heavy-duty special-shaped blank continuous casting machine;
in the step 1), the S content of the desulfurized molten iron target is less than or equal to 0.010 percent, and the slag skimming bright surface is more than or equal to 70 percent;
in the step 2), the tapping temperature of the converter is controlled to be in the range of 1590 ℃ to 1650 ℃;
refining in a VD furnace in the step 5), wherein the holding time is more than or equal to 8min under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 120 Pa;
in the step 6), the continuous casting of the heavy-duty special-shaped blank continuous casting machine specifically comprises the following steps: the pulling speed target range is 0.45 m/min-0.80 m/min;
the specification of the niobium-vanadium-titanium microalloyed heavy-duty special-shaped blank for the low-temperature toughness bridge structure reaches 1300mm in height, 510mm in width, 140mm in web thickness and 180mm in flange thickness, and the meter weight reaches more than 2.8 t.
2. The niobium vanadium titanium microalloyed heavy duty beam blank for low temperature toughness bridge construction of claim 1, wherein the composition of the niobium vanadium titanium microalloyed heavy duty beam blank for low temperature toughness bridge construction further satisfies: CEV is less than or equal to 0.44 percent.
3. The niobium vanadium titanium microalloyed heavy duty beam blank for low temperature toughness bridge construction according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the composition of the niobium vanadium titanium microalloyed heavy duty beam blank for low temperature toughness bridge construction further satisfies:
C：0.06%~0.15%；
Si：0.15%~0.45%；
Mn：1.30%~1.65%；
P≤0.020%；
S≤0.010%；
Als：0.010%~0.050%；
Ni：0.15%~0.35%；
Cr≤0.25%；
Cu≤0.25%；
Nb：0.010%~0.035%；
V：0.020%~0.070%；
Ti：0.015%~0.050%；
wherein Nb+V+Ti is more than or equal to 0.05% and less than or equal to 0.15%;
the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
4. A method of manufacturing a niobium vanadium titanium microalloyed heavy duty green body for a low temperature ductile bridge construction according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the method of manufacturing comprises the steps of:
1) KR molten iron pretreatment desulfurization:
2) Steelmaking by a converter;
3) Argon blowing;
4) Refining in an LF furnace;
5) Refining by a VD furnace;
6) And (5) continuous casting by a heavy-duty special-shaped blank continuous casting machine.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step 1), the S content of the desulfurized molten iron is not more than 0.010%, and the slag-removed bright surface is not less than 70%.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein in step 2), the converter tapping temperature is controlled to be in the range of 1590 ℃ to 1650 ℃.
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein in step 4), argon is blown into the bottom of the ladle in the LF furnace, and stirring is performed for 3-10 min under the condition of argon blowing pressure of 0.2-0.4 MPa.
8. The method according to claim 4, wherein the vacuum is maintained at not less than 120Pa for not less than 8 minutes in the refining in the VD furnace in step 5).
9. The method according to claim 4, wherein in step 6), the continuous casting of the heavy duty green continuous caster is specifically: the pulling speed target range is 0.45 m/min-0.80 m/min.
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