CN115557466B - Device for producing hydrogen through pyrolysis - Google Patents
Device for producing hydrogen through pyrolysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN115557466B CN115557466B CN202211183439.3A CN202211183439A CN115557466B CN 115557466 B CN115557466 B CN 115557466B CN 202211183439 A CN202211183439 A CN 202211183439A CN 115557466 B CN115557466 B CN 115557466B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/22—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds
- C01B3/24—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/04—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C01B3/047—Decomposition of ammonia
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for producing hydrogen by pyrolysis, which comprises an outer wave-transmitting tube, an inner wave-transmitting tube and a compression waveguide, wherein one end of the outer wave-transmitting tube is provided with a high-speed injection tube, a first gas channel is formed between the outer wave-transmitting tube and the inner wave-transmitting tube, an inner cavity of the inner wave-transmitting tube is communicated with an air outlet and forms a second gas channel, a side air inlet communicated with the first gas channel is arranged on the side wall of the outer wave-transmitting tube, one end of the high-speed injection tube passes through the outer wave-transmitting tube and the inner wave-transmitting tube and is communicated with the second gas channel, one end of the high-speed injection tube arranged in the second gas channel is provided with a high-speed air inlet, one end of the compression waveguide is sleeved outside the outer wave-transmitting tube, and the other end of the compression waveguide is connected with a microwave source. The invention provides a device for producing hydrogen by pyrolysis, which has the advantages of high heating speed, high heat efficiency, electricity and energy saving, high methane gas conversion rate and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, in particular to a device for producing hydrogen by cracking.
Background
The hydrogen energy is taken as clean energy, plays a role in future world energy, has zero carbon, high efficiency and remarkable advantages as an energy carrier and an energy interconnection medium, and can promote global energy transformation and upgrading if the hydrogen energy is widely applied.
The most important and most influencing hydrogen energy industry chain at present is the preparation and transportation of hydrogen. The hydrogen production method mainly comprises five technical routes: industrial tail gas hydrogen production, chemical raw material hydrogen production, petrochemical raw material hydrogen production, electrolytic water hydrogen production, novel hydrogen production method and the like, and natural gas hydrogen production and coal hydrogen production have lower cost and become the core for short-term development of hydrogen energy. However, the existing device for producing hydrogen by utilizing petrochemical raw materials or chemical raw materials has the problems of larger energy consumption, lower raw material conversion rate and the like in the hydrogen production process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a device for producing hydrogen through pyrolysis, which has the advantages of high heating speed, high heat efficiency, electricity and energy conservation, high gas conversion rate and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a device through schizolysis production hydrogen, includes outer wave-transmitting tube, interior wave-transmitting tube and compression waveguide, the one end of outer wave-transmitting tube is equipped with the high-speed injection pipe, and another pot head is established in the wave-transmitting tube outside and with the outer wall sealing connection of interior wave-transmitting tube, form first gas channel between outer wave-transmitting tube and the interior wave-transmitting tube, be equipped with the gas outlet on the interior wave-transmitting tube, the inner chamber and the gas outlet intercommunication of interior wave-transmitting tube and form the second gas channel, first gas channel and second gas channel pass through the intercommunication mouth intercommunication, be equipped with the side air inlet that communicates with first gas channel on the outer wave-transmitting tube lateral wall, the one end of high-speed injection pipe passes outer wave-transmitting tube and interior wave-transmitting tube and communicates with the second gas channel, the one end of high-speed injection pipe setting in the second gas channel is equipped with high-speed air inlet, the one end and the microwave source connection of compression waveguide, the other end pot head is established in the outer wave-transmitting tube outside, through the feed gas in the interior wave-transmitting tube of microwave heating so that feed gas is reformed into the mixture that contains hydrogen in order to make feed gas schizolysis, gas sets up in the side and compression waveguide.
According to the technical scheme, a part of methane gas directly enters the second gas channel from the high-speed jet pipe, microwaves in the compressed waveguide heat methane in the second gas channel quickly, so that methane is cracked and recombined to form carbon powder and hydrogen, the carbon powder and hydrogen are discharged from the gas outlet, and the temperature rise caused by overlong residence time of the heated gas in the area can be avoided by high-speed gas flow. The other part of methane gas enters the first gas channel from the side inlet to cool the outer wave-transmitting tube and the inner wave-transmitting tube, meanwhile, the methane gas is preheated by the compressed wave-transmitting tube when passing through the compressed wave-transmitting tube, then the raw material gas enters the second gas channel from the first gas channel to continuously cool the inner wave-transmitting tube, and meanwhile, the methane gas is rapidly heated, cracked and recombined to form carbon powder and hydrogen when passing through the compressed wave-transmitting tube again in the second gas channel, and is discharged out of the device together with the carbon powder and the hydrogen generated by the gas of the first part. The field intensity of microwaves transmitted by the compressed waveguide from the microwave source is not uniformly distributed on the radial position of the outer wave-transmitting tube, but the field intensity of the central position is maximum, the field intensity is sequentially weakened towards two sides, the radial width of the microwave field is equal to the wavelength of the microwaves, the second gas channel is arranged on the inner side of the first gas channel, methane gas can pass through a high field intensity region and does not pass through an outer side region with low field intensity, the methane gas passing through the high field intensity region is rapidly heated and fully cracked, the conversion rate of the methane gas is improved, the first gas channel is arranged on the outer side of the second gas channel and can be overlapped with the low field intensity region of the microwaves, the energy of the low field intensity region is fully utilized for preheating, the energy utilization rate is improved, the generated heat can be taken away by the methane gas in the first gas channel, the temperature of the low field intensity region is reduced, the outer wave-transmitting tube and the inner wave-transmitting tube are cooled through the gas flowing in the first gas channel, and the damage caused by the fact that the temperature is too high is avoided. Non-raw gases may also enter the apparatus from the side of the gas inlet, such as nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, etc. gases for improved plasma stability. When the raw material gas of the device is methane, the product is carbon powder and hydrogen, one of the carbon powder and the hydrogen is solid, the other of the carbon powder and the hydrogen is gaseous, the carbon powder and the hydrogen can be well separated and utilized, the hydrogen can be directly utilized as clean fuel, the carbon powder can be used as industrial raw material for industrial processing, the carbon powder is not used as fuel, and the carbon powder can not be converted into carbon dioxide to directly enter the atmosphere for circulation, so that the emission of the carbon dioxide can be reduced, and the low-carbon use of the methane can be realized.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the outer wave-transmitting tube is d1, the wavelength of microwaves in the compressed wave-guide is lambda, lambda is less than or equal to d1 and less than or equal to 1.1lambda, and the inner diameter of the inner wave-transmitting tube is d2, and d2 is more than or equal to 0.5lambda and less than or equal to 0.8lambda. The radial width of the microwave field intensity in the outer wave-transmitting tube is equal to the wavelength of microwaves, and the lambda is more than or equal to d1 and less than or equal to 1.1lambda, so that the outer wave-transmitting tube can just accommodate the whole microwave field intensity, and the microwave energy is fully utilized. The d2 is more than or equal to 0.5λ and less than or equal to 0.8λ, so that the inner wave-transmitting tube is positioned in a central high field strength region of the microwave field, the high field strength region is fully utilized to carry out high-temperature cracking on gas, the gas conversion rate is improved, the inner diameter of the inner wave-transmitting tube is not too small, and the gas throughput in the inner wave-transmitting tube is ensured.
Preferably, a Laval nozzle is arranged at the outlet end of the high-speed jet pipe, so that subsonic gas in the high-speed jet pipe passes through the Laval nozzle to form supersonic gas jet. The Laval nozzle can further increase the gas flow rate at the outlet end of the high-speed jet pipe, so that the gas flow reaches supersonic speed, the high-speed gas flow can avoid the temperature rise caused by the overlong residence time of the heated gas in the area, and meanwhile, the Laval nozzle can reduce the pressure in the first gas channel, so that the device can operate under a lower pressure.
Preferably, a spiral air inlet distributor is arranged on the outer side of the high-speed jet pipe, and a spiral air passage is arranged in the spiral air inlet distributor, so that the air in the spiral air inlet distributor flows spirally along the axial direction of the spiral air inlet distributor. The structure can enable the gas entering the inner wave-transmitting tube to flow spirally along the axial direction of the spiral air inlet distributor, and has good cooling protection effect on the side wall of the inner wave-transmitting tube.
Preferably, the axis of the side inlet air is arranged along the tangential direction of the outer wave-transmitting tube, so that the air enters the first air channel along the tangential direction of the outer wave-transmitting tube, and the movement direction of the air in the first air channel in the circumferential direction is opposite to the movement direction of the air in the spiral air channel in the circumferential direction. The structure can make the inner wall spiral flow along the outer wave-transmitting tube that gets into first gas passage, has played good cooling guard action to outer wave-transmitting tube and interior wave-transmitting tube, and the circumference direction of movement of interior wave-transmitting tube inside and outside gas is opposite, gas need the switching-over in the intercommunication mouth position, the gas of each position can take place chaotic mixing, make gas temperature more even, can not local overheat, get into second gas passage can cool off interior wave-transmitting tube better, and each partial temperature is even, can increase the subsequent conversion rate of heating schizolysis of gas.
Preferably, the axis of the side inlet gas is disposed tangentially to the outer tube so that gas enters the first gas passage tangentially to the outer tube. The structure can enable the inner wall of the outer wave-transmitting tube entering the first gas channel to flow spirally, and has good cooling protection effect on the outer wave-transmitting tube and the inner wave-transmitting tube.
Preferably, the number of the side air inlets is plural, and the plurality of side air inlets are spirally distributed along the axis of the outer wave-transmitting tube. The structure can increase the air inflow, and make gas can form better spiral effect, increase the cooling protection effect.
Preferably, the number of the compression waveguides is plural, the plural compression waveguides are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the outer wave-transmitting tube, and the parts of the plural compression wave guide sleeves arranged on the outer wave-transmitting tube are sequentially clung. The superposition of the plurality of compression waveguides can effectively solve the problem of insufficient microwave power, and the number of input microwave sources can be further increased when necessary for improving the power required by the whole.
Preferably, the plurality of compression waveguides are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer wave-transmitting tube. The structure can reduce the size of the compressed waveguide in the axial direction.
Preferably, a metal shell is fixed on the outer side of the outer wave-transmitting tube, a cooling cavity is arranged between the metal shell and the outer wave-transmitting tube, and a cooling air inlet and a cooling air outlet are arranged on the cooling cavity. The metal shell can isolate microwaves, and the gas plays a certain role in protection. The cooling gas can enter the cooling cavity from the cooling gas inlet, and is discharged from the cooling gas outlet after the outer wave-transmitting tube and the shell are cooled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises an outer wave-transmitting tube 1, an inner wave-transmitting tube 2, a compression waveguide 3, a high-speed jet tube 4, a first gas channel 5, a second gas channel 6, a gas outlet 7, a communication port 8, a Laval nozzle 9, a spiral gas inlet distributor 10, a metal shell 11, a side gas inlet 12, a high-speed gas inlet 13, a spiral gas channel 14, a cooling gas inlet 15, a cooling gas outlet 16 and a cooling cavity 17.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a device for producing hydrogen by pyrolysis comprises an outer wave-transmitting tube 1, an inner wave-transmitting tube 2 and a compression waveguide 3, wherein one end of the outer wave-transmitting tube 1 is provided with a high-speed injection tube 4, the other end of the outer wave-transmitting tube is sleeved outside the inner wave-transmitting tube 2 and is in sealing connection with the outer wall of the inner wave-transmitting tube 2, a first gas channel 5 is formed between the outer wave-transmitting tube 1 and the inner wave-transmitting tube 2, an air outlet 7 is formed in the inner wave-transmitting tube 2, an inner cavity of the inner wave-transmitting tube 2 is communicated with the air outlet 7 and forms a second gas channel 6, the first gas channel 5 is communicated with the second gas channel 6 through a communication port 8, one end of the high-speed injection tube 4 passes through the outer wave-transmitting tube 1 and the inner wave-transmitting tube 2 and is communicated with the second gas channel 6, one end of the high-speed injection tube 4 is provided with a high-speed air inlet 13, one end of the compression waveguide 3 is connected with a microwave source, the other end of the compression waveguide 3 is provided with the other side of the compression waveguide 3, and the compression waveguide 3 is communicated with the air inlet 3 through the air inlet 8, and the other side of the compression waveguide 3 is provided with the high-speed gas channel 3, and the compression waveguide 3 is communicated with the air inlet 12, and the compression waveguide 3 is arranged at one side of the compression waveguide 3. The outer side of the outer wave-transmitting tube 1 is fixed with a metal shell 11. The overlapping position of the outer wave-transparent tube 1 and the compression wave guide 3 is arranged in the metal shell 11 or is entirely positioned in the metal shell 11. The metal shell 11 can isolate microwaves, and the gas plays a certain role in protection. A cooling cavity 17 is arranged between the metal shell 11 and the outer wave-transmitting tube 1, and a cooling gas inlet 15 and a cooling gas outlet 16 are arranged on the cooling cavity 17. The high-speed air inlet 13, the side air inlet 12, the air outlet 7 and the compression waveguide 3 all pass through the metal housing 11.
The transmission direction of microwaves in the compression waveguide 3 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer wave-transmitting tube 1, the compression waveguide 3 is of a variable cross-section structure, and comprises a front part with the largest longitudinal cross-section area, a middle part with the smallest longitudinal cross-section area and a rear part with the smallest longitudinal cross-section area, and a round hole penetrating through a wave-transmitting material pipeline is formed in the rear part. The variable cross-section structure further improves the microwave field intensity of the rear center, the microwave field intensity of the rear center is highest in the resonant cavity, and ionization discharge can be generated without ignition. A plurality of adjusting pins are arranged on the side wall of the front part of the compression waveguide 3. The microwave frequency of the microwave source is 915MHz or 2.45GHz. The outer wave-transmitting tube 1 and the inner wave-transmitting tube 2 can be integrally made of a material which can be penetrated by microwaves, such as quartz material, or can be made of a material which can be penetrated by microwaves near the compression waveguide 3, and the rest parts are made of other materials. The device can effectively decompose various hydrogen-containing gases into molecular hydrogen and at least one byproduct at low cost, for example, the hydrogen-containing gas can be methane, the urban natural gas contains 95 percent of methane and is decomposed into hydrogen and carbon elements after passing through the device, the hydrogen-containing gas can also contain industrial anhydrous ammonia with more than 98 percent of ammonia, and the hydrogen-containing gas can be decomposed into 75 percent of hydrogen and 25 percent of nitrogen after passing through the device and is separated by pressure swing adsorption.
In the above technical scheme, when the device is used for cracking and converting methane, a part of methane gas directly enters the second gas channel 6 from the high-speed injection pipe 4, microwaves in the compressed waveguide 3 heat the methane rapidly in the second gas channel 6, so that the methane is cracked and recombined to form carbon powder and hydrogen, the carbon powder and hydrogen are discharged from the gas outlet 7, and the high-speed gas flow can avoid the temperature rise caused by the overlong residence time of the heated gas in the area. The other part of methane gas enters the first gas channel 5 from the side gas inlet 12, the outer wave-transmitting tube 1 and the inner wave-transmitting tube 2 are cooled, meanwhile, the methane gas is preheated by the compressed wave-transmitting tube 3 when passing through the compressed wave-transmitting tube 3, then the raw material gas enters the second gas channel 6 from the first gas channel 5, the inner wave-transmitting tube 2 is continuously cooled, and meanwhile, the methane gas is rapidly heated, cracked and recombined to form carbon powder and hydrogen when passing through the compressed wave-transmitting tube 3 again in the second gas channel 6, and is discharged out of the device together with the carbon powder and the hydrogen generated by the gas of the first part. The field intensity of the microwaves transmitted by the compressed waveguide 3 from the microwave source is not uniformly distributed on the radial position of the outer wave-transmitting tube 1, but the field intensity of the central position is maximum, the field intensity is weakened towards two sides in sequence, the radial width of the microwave field is equal to the wavelength of the microwaves, the second gas channel 6 is arranged on the inner side of the first gas channel 5, methane gas can pass through a high field intensity region and not pass through an outer side region with low field intensity, the methane gas passing through the high field intensity region is rapidly heated and fully cracked, the conversion rate of the methane gas is improved, the first gas channel 5 is arranged on the outer side of the second gas channel 6, can be overlapped with the low field intensity region of the microwaves, the energy of the low field intensity region is fully utilized for preheating, the energy utilization rate is improved, the generated heat can be taken away by the methane gas in the first gas channel 5, the temperature of the low field intensity region is reduced, and the outer wave-transmitting tube 1 and the inner wave-transmitting tube 2 are cooled through the gas flowing in the first gas channel 5, so that damage caused by the temperature is avoided. Non-raw gases may also enter the apparatus from the side inlet 12, such as nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, etc. gases for improved plasma stability. When the raw material gas of the device is methane, the product is carbon powder and hydrogen, one of the carbon powder and the hydrogen is solid, and the other is gaseous, so that the device can well separate and utilize the hydrogen, and can obtain high-purity hydrogen. The hydrogen can be directly utilized as clean fuel, the carbon powder can be used as industrial raw material for industrial processing, the carbon powder is not used as fuel, and can not be converted into carbon dioxide to directly enter the atmosphere for circulation, so that the emission of carbon dioxide can be reduced, and the low-carbon use of methane is realized. The raw material gas used for producing hydrogen in the present invention is not limited to methane, but may be other gases that can be reformed by microwave heating pyrolysis, such as NH3 as a raw material. After passing through the device, NH3 can be decomposed into 75% hydrogen and 25% nitrogen, and then high-purity hydrogen is obtained by pressure swing adsorption.
The inner diameter of the outer wave-transmitting tube 1 is d1, the wavelength of microwaves in the compressed waveguide 3 is lambda, lambda is not more than d1 and not more than 1.1lambda, the optimal value is d1=lambda, the inner diameter of the inner wave-transmitting tube 2 is d2, d2 is not less than 0.5lambda and not more than 0.8lambda, and the optimal value is d2=0.65lambda. d2 can be adjusted according to the distribution of microwave field intensity, a section of range with higher field intensity is selected, the radial width of the microwave field intensity in the outer wave-transmitting tube 1 is equal to the wavelength of microwaves, and lambda is less than or equal to d1 and less than or equal to 1.1lambda, so that the outer wave-transmitting tube 1 can just accommodate the whole microwave field intensity, and the microwave energy is fully utilized. The d2 is more than or equal to 0.5λ and less than or equal to 0.8λ, so that the inner wave-transmitting tube 2 is located in a central high field strength region of the microwave field, the high field strength region is fully utilized to carry out high-temperature cracking on gas, the gas conversion rate is improved, the inner diameter of the inner wave-transmitting tube 2 is not too small, and the gas throughput in the inner wave-transmitting tube 2 is ensured.
The number of the compression waveguides 3 is four, the four compression waveguides 3 are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the outer wave-transmitting tube 1, and the parts, sleeved on the outer wave-transmitting tube 1, of the four compression waveguides 3 are sequentially clung. The four compression waveguides 3 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer wave-transmitting tube 1, and two adjacent compression waveguides are spaced by 90 degrees. The superposition of the plurality of compressed waveguides 3 can effectively solve the problem of insufficient microwave power, and can further increase the number of input microwave sources when necessary for improving the power required by the whole.
The outlet end of the high-speed injection pipe 4 is provided with a Laval nozzle 9 so that subsonic gas in the high-speed injection pipe 4 passes through the Laval nozzle 9 to form supersonic gas injection. The Laval nozzle 9 can further increase the gas flow rate at the outlet end of the high-speed jet pipe 4 to enable the gas flow to reach supersonic speed, the high-speed gas flow can avoid the temperature rise caused by the overlong residence time of the heated gas in the area, and meanwhile, the Laval nozzle 9 can reduce the pressure in the first gas channel 5, so that the device can operate under a relatively low pressure.
The outside of the high-speed injection pipe 4 is provided with a spiral air inlet distributor 10, and a spiral air passage 14 is arranged in the spiral air inlet distributor 10 so that the air in the spiral air inlet distributor 10 flows spirally along the axial direction of the spiral air inlet distributor 10. The structure can enable the gas entering the inner wave-transmitting tube 2 to flow spirally along the axial direction of the spiral air inlet distributor 10, and has good cooling protection effect on the side wall of the inner wave-transmitting tube 2.
The axis of the side air inlet 12 is arranged along the tangential direction of the outer wave-transmitting tube 1, so that the air enters the first air channel 5 along the tangential direction of the outer wave-transmitting tube 1, the number of the side air inlets 12 is four, and the four side air inlets 12 are spirally distributed along the axis of the outer wave-transmitting tube 1. The structure can enable the inner wall of the outer wave-transmitting tube 1 entering the first gas channel 5 to flow spirally, and has good cooling protection effect on the outer wave-transmitting tube 1 and the inner wave-transmitting tube 2.
In one embodiment, the direction of movement of the gas in the first gas passage 5 in the circumferential direction is opposite to the direction of movement of the gas in the spiral gas passage 14 in the circumferential direction. The structure can make the inner wall spiral flow along outer wave-transmitting tube 1 that gets into first gas channel 5, has played good cooling protection effect to outer wave-transmitting tube 1 and interior wave-transmitting tube 2, and the circumference direction of movement of the inside and outside gas of interior wave-transmitting tube 2 is opposite, gas need the switching-over in communication mouth 8 position, the mixed of chaotic emergence of gas in each position, make gas temperature more even, can not local overheat, get into second gas channel 6 can cool off interior wave-transmitting tube 2 better, and each partial temperature is even, can increase the subsequent conversion rate of thermal cracking of gas.
In another embodiment, the direction of movement of the gas in the first gas passage 5 in the circumferential direction is the same as the direction of movement of the gas in the spiral gas passage 14 in the circumferential direction.
Claims (5)
1. The device for producing hydrogen through pyrolysis is characterized by comprising an outer wave-transmitting tube, an inner wave-transmitting tube and a compression waveguide, wherein one end of the outer wave-transmitting tube is provided with a high-speed injection tube, the other end of the outer wave-transmitting tube is sleeved outside the inner wave-transmitting tube and is in sealing connection with the outer wall of the inner wave-transmitting tube, a first gas channel is formed between the outer wave-transmitting tube and the inner wave-transmitting tube, an air outlet is formed on the inner wave-transmitting tube, an inner cavity of the inner wave-transmitting tube is communicated with the air outlet and forms a second gas channel, the first gas channel is communicated with the second gas channel through a communication port, a side wall of the outer wave-transmitting tube is provided with a side air inlet communicated with the first gas channel, one end of the high-speed injection tube penetrates through the outer wave-transmitting tube and the inner wave-transmitting tube and is communicated with the second gas channel, one end of the high-speed injection tube is provided with a high-speed air inlet, one end of the compression waveguide is connected with a microwave source, the other end of the compression waveguide is sleeved outside the outer wave-transmitting tube, the inner wave-transmitting tube is heated by microwaves to form a second gas channel, the first gas channel is communicated with the inner wave-transmitting tube, the raw material gas is communicated with the air channel by the microwaves, the inner wave-transmitting tube, so that the raw material gas is reformed into a mixture containing the hydrogen through the pyrolysis mixture, and the hydrogen gas is communicated with the air inlet at one side of the air inlet and the side of the compression waveguide; the inner diameter of the outer wave-transmitting tube is d1, the wavelength of microwaves in the compressed wave-guide is lambda, lambda is less than or equal to d1 and less than or equal to 1.1lambda, and the inner diameter of the inner wave-transmitting tube is d2, and d2 is more than or equal to 0.5lambda and less than or equal to 0.8lambda;
the outlet end of the high-speed jet pipe is provided with a Laval nozzle so that subsonic gas in the high-speed jet pipe passes through the Laval nozzle to form supersonic gas jet; the outer side of the high-speed jet pipe is provided with a spiral air inlet distributor, and a spiral air passage is arranged in the spiral air inlet distributor so that the air in the spiral air inlet distributor flows spirally along the axial direction of the spiral air inlet distributor; the axis of the side air inlet is arranged along the tangential direction of the outer wave-transmitting tube, so that the air enters the first air channel along the tangential direction of the outer wave-transmitting tube, and the movement direction of the air in the first air channel in the circumferential direction is opposite to the movement direction of the air in the spiral air channel in the circumferential direction.
2. An apparatus for producing hydrogen by cracking of claim 1, wherein said number of side inlets is plural, and a plurality of side inlets are spirally distributed along the axis of the outer wave-transmitting tube.
3. The apparatus for producing hydrogen by pyrolysis according to claim 1, wherein the number of the compression waveguides is plural, the plural compression waveguides are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the outer wave-transmitting tube, and the portions of the plural compression wave guide sleeves disposed on the outer wave-transmitting tube are sequentially closely attached.
4. A device for producing hydrogen by pyrolysis according to claim 3 wherein the plurality of compressed waveguides are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the outer tube.
5. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a metal housing is fixed to the outer side of the outer tube, a cooling chamber is provided between the metal housing and the outer tube, and a cooling gas inlet and a cooling gas outlet are provided in the cooling chamber.
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| DE102008050184B4 (en) * | 2008-10-01 | 2011-04-21 | Technische Universität Chemnitz | Method and apparatus for high velocity flame spraying |
| CN107987866B (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2023-06-30 | 陕西科技大学 | Device and method for efficiently depolymerizing solid waste by microwaves and co-producing bio-oil and biochar |
| CN113905814A (en) * | 2019-04-05 | 2022-01-07 | 派罗波有限公司 | Microwave pyrolysis reactor |
| CN211814259U (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2020-10-30 | 四川大学 | Automatic change wastes material microwave processing apparatus |
| RU2741180C1 (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2021-01-22 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Технологические Системы и Комплексы" | Heat exchange element for installation in gas flow heated by microwave radiation energy and device for gas microwave heating |
| CN214734503U (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-11-16 | 清华大学 | Hydrogen production plant |
| CN216814191U (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2022-06-24 | 南京三乐微波技术发展有限公司 | High-power microwave plasma exhaust treatment device |
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