CN115553290A - Application of orange peel essential oil in inhibiting synthesis of wheat scab germ mycotoxin - Google Patents
Application of orange peel essential oil in inhibiting synthesis of wheat scab germ mycotoxin Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of biological control and chemical control of crop diseases. In particular to the function of orange peel essential oil in inhibiting the biosynthesis of wheat scab germ mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol (DON) and a method for preventing and controlling field wheat scab DON toxin by mixing the orange peel essential oil with a bactericide. The invention discloses an application of orange peel essential oil: the method is applied to the control of gibberellic disease mycotoxin deoxynivalenol of wheat crops. Inhibiting the growth of hyphae of fusarium graminearum composite strains, inhibiting the biosynthesis of DON toxins and inhibiting the expression of key protein elements for synthesizing the DON toxins.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological control and chemical control of crop diseases. In particular to the function of orange peel essential oil in inhibiting the biosynthesis of wheat scab germ mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol (DON) and a method for preventing and controlling field wheat scab DON toxin by mixing the orange peel essential oil with a bactericide.
Background
Wheat scab (FHB) caused by Fusarium Graminearum Species Complex (FGSC) is a devastating disease occurring worldwide in wheat crops. The occurrence of gibberellic disease is on a steep increasing trend in the global scope along with the influence of global warming, lack of high-resistance varieties, large-area crop rotation of wheat-corn, extensive straw returning, high planting density of high-yield varieties and other factors. Because of the characteristics of wide disease area, high frequency, strong explosiveness, large loss and the like, the scab poses serious threats to wheat production and national food safety.
In addition to causing severe yield loss, fusarium graminearum can also secrete the mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol (DON), commonly known as vomitoxin, when infecting wheat. The DON toxin can be combined with ribosome, inhibit protein synthesis, harm immune and reproductive systems of people and livestock, cause health problems such as vomit, diarrhea, nervous disorder, abortion, stillbirth and the like, and can be used as an important fungal pathogenic factor to be synthesized in a large amount when fusarium graminearum carries out disease expansion along the wheat spike axis, so that the disease expansion process of germs is promoted. Therefore, the strengthening of the control of fusarium graminearum mycotoxin DON has important significance on the control of wheat scab, food production in China and quality safety of agricultural products. Controlling the production of DON toxin is more practical and urgent than merely controlling head blight.
Chemical control remains a major measure for controlling wheat scab in many areas of the world, as no immune or highly resistant cereal crop varieties or genetic resources have been discovered yet. At present, the Chinese traditional medicine for preventing and treating the gibberellic disease mainly comprises chemical medicines such as carbendazim, tebuconazole and the like, on one hand, the long-term use of the medicine for preventing and treating the gibberellic disease causes the drug resistance of pathogenic fungi in the field, and the capacity of the drug-resistant germs for generating DON toxin is more than 5 times of that of sensitive strains, thereby increasingly aggravating the harm of the gibberellic disease of Chinese wheat and the risk of food safety. On the other hand, some partial chemical agents still have good disease prevention effect, but actually promote the generation of toxins. At present, the control of the DON toxin of the gibberellic disease is not ideal at home and abroad, and the condition that the DON toxin pollution exceeds the safety standard often occurs. Therefore, screening of the high-efficiency and safe virus-controlling and disease-inhibiting compound, particularly the natural compound, has important significance for the prevention and control of wheat scab and the safety of agricultural products.
The pericarpium Citri Junoris essential oil is an aromatic mixture extracted from fresh sweet pericarpium Citri Junoris, pericarpium Citri Tangerinae and pericarpium Citri Grandis, belongs to natural plant essential oil, is colorless to yellowish oily liquid at room temperature, can be obtained by treating pericarpium Citri Junoris by professional cold pressing technology, or can be obtained commercially, and contains limonene (D-limonene), D-limonene natural functional monoterpene with molecular formula C as 90% of its components 10 H 16 Relative molecular mass 136.24.
The orange peel essential oil has the known application at present as an additive in the fields of food, cosmetics, medical treatment, cosmetology, cleaning agent and the like; in the aspect of agriculture, the pesticide composition is mainly applied to the prevention and control of citrus red spiders, tomato bemisia tabaci, strawberry anthracnose and cucumber powdery mildew, and no related report that the pesticide composition is applied to the prevention and control of the DON toxin of wheat crops exists.
In fusarium graminearum, fgTRI1, fgTRI5 are key elements of DON toxin synthesis, wherein the first step of the DON toxin synthesis mediated by FgTRI5 is the cyclization of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) to Trichothecene (TDN). After cyclization, TDN is converted into rubricin (CAL) through oxidation, cyclization, hydroxylation, acetylation and other 9-step reactions. CAL is catalyzed by hydroxylase FgTri1 to form 7, 8-Dihydrogibberellinectrin (DHC), and DHC is catalyzed by reductase and deacetylase to form DON toxin. CN109645002A discloses a D-limonene-containing synergistic pesticide composition, which contains active ingredients A and B, wherein A is selected from D-limonene, B is selected from one or more of dinotefuran, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, flupyradifurone, flonicamid, flupyrimin, pymetrozine, trifluoropyrimidine, nitenpyram, cyantraniliprole, chlorantraniliprole, tetrachlorantranilide, flubendiamide and the like, and the composition comprises a common auxiliary agent, the active ingredients A and B. The D-limonene and the phenamacril have a synergistic effect of preventing wheat scab.
However, no report and application of D-limonene on prevention and control of wheat scab DON is available.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the function and the application of the orange peel essential oil in inhibiting the synthesis of wheat scab germ mycotoxin.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an application of orange peel essential oil: the method is applied to control of gibberellic disease mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol (DON) of wheat crops.
Essential oil of pericarpium Citri Junoris contains limonene as main ingredient, which belongs to natural functional monoterpene, and has molecular formula C 10 H 16 Relative molecular mass 136.24.
As an improvement of the use of the orange peel essential oil of the invention: inhibiting the hypha growth of Fusarium Graminearum Species Complex (FGSC), inhibiting the biosynthesis of DON toxin, and inhibiting the expression of key protein elements for synthesizing the DON toxin.
As a further improvement of the use of the orange peel essential oil of the invention: key protein elements for synthesis of DON toxins include FgTri1, fgTri5.
As a further improvement of the use of the orange peel essential oil of the invention: can be used for controlling virus and preventing diseases of wheat scab.
As a further improvement of the use of the orange peel essential oil of the invention: is mixed with other gibberellic disease control agents for application to improve the control effect of the DON toxin on the ear.
As a further improvement of the use of the orange peel essential oil of the invention: respectively diluting 200g/L of fluxapyroxad suspending agent, 200g/L of propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate and orange peel essential oil by using water as a solvent, and mixing and applying; the application is carried out twice, and the first application time is the initial stage of wheat blooming; the second application time is the flowering end-grouting period (two times)The time interval between the next application is about 7-10 days); when the pesticide is applied every time, the dosages of 200g/L of the fluxapyroxad suspending agent and 200g/L of the propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate are respectively (675 +/-50) mL/hm 2 The dosage of the orange peel essential oil is (150 +/-10) mL/hm 2 。
The method specifically comprises the following steps: 200g/L of fluxapyroxad suspending agent is diluted to 1000 +/-100 times by water, 200g/L of propiconazole missible oil is diluted to 1000 +/-100 times by water, and orange peel essential oil is diluted to 4500 +/-500 times by water.
The "multiple" is "volume times".
The invention proves that the orange peel essential oil can be used for inhibiting the growth of Fusarium graminearum (Fusarium graminearum) hyphae of Fusarium graminearum, efficiently inhibiting the biosynthesis of mycotoxin DON toxin and inhibiting the expression of key protein elements (FgTri 1 and FgTri 5) synthesized by the DON toxin through indoor verification.
The DON toxin synthesis inhibition effect is as follows: preferably, the final concentration is 102.113. Mu.g/mL (EC) 50 ) The orange peel essential oil is used for treating fusarium graminearum of fusarium graminearum, and the synthesis level of DON toxin of the fusarium graminearum is reduced>90％。
The expression effect of key protein elements (FgTri 1 and FgTri 5) for inhibiting the synthesis of DON toxin is as follows: preferably, the final concentration is 102.113. Mu.g/mL (EC) 50 ) The orange peel essential oil treats fusarium graminearum of fusarium graminearum, and both expression inhibition rates of DON toxin synthesis key elements FgTri1 and FgTri5 of the fusarium graminearum>95％。
The invention provides a technology for controlling toxicity and preventing diseases of wheat head blight in fields by mixing and applying orange peel essential oil and a bactericide, and provides technical support for guaranteeing the grain safety of wheat crops.
The technical scheme of applying the mixture of the bactericide and the bactericide to the field control of the wheat scab is as follows: preferably 200g/L of fluxapyroxad or 200g/L of propiconazole (675 mL/hm) 2 ) And orange peel essential oil (150 mL/hm) 2 ) Mixing, applying the mixture twice at an interval of 7-10 days, wherein the first application time is the initial stage of wheat flowering; the second application time is the blowing-filling period.
The disease prevention and toxicity control effects of the bactericide mixed with the bactericide and applied to the field control of wheat scab are as follows: the pollution levels of scab field pathogenic bacteria and ear DON toxin are investigated in the yellow ripening stage, and the mixed application technology of the orange peel essential oil and the bactericide is found to be capable of effectively controlling the field morbidity of the scab within 10% and obviously reducing the ear DON toxin pollution level by more than 95%.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
(1) Compared with the conventional bactericide, the orange peel essential oil disclosed by the invention can be used for preventing and controlling wheat scab and can effectively inhibit the synthesis of mycotoxin DON toxin.
(2) The orange peel essential oil is natural plant essential oil, has no cross resistance with common chemical pesticides, has wide source, simple extraction and high safety, and is environment-friendly.
(3) The orange peel essential oil field application technology can effectively control the incidence rate of gibberellic disease and the DON toxin pollution level, and if the orange peel essential oil field application technology is used together with a common bactericide, the risk of drug resistance is reduced through scientific research, the effect of preventing and controlling the DON toxin pollution of the gibberellic disease is improved, and the capability of preventing and controlling the gibberellic disease of wheat crops by human beings is improved.
Drawings
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows the plate bacteriostasis effect of orange peel essential oil on fusarium graminearum.
FIG. 2 shows the inhibition effect of orange peel essential oil and several common bactericides on the synthesis of fusarium graminearum DON toxin.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto: example 1 measurement of indoor toxicity of orange peel essential oil on Fusarium graminearum of Gibberella zeae
(1) Test materials and methods
The invention adopts a hypha growth rate method to determine the inhibition effect of different bactericides on the hypha growth. Pre-culturing strains of fusarium graminearum on a PDA culture medium for 3 days, punching bacterium dishes on the edges of bacterial colonies by using a puncher (0.5 cm), respectively inoculating the bacterium dishes on prepared PDA plates (the diameter is 9 cm) containing medicaments (87.5 mu g/ml, 175 mu g/ml, 350 mu g/ml and 700 mu g/ml) with different concentrations, placing the plates on a 25 ℃ dark incubator for culturing for 3 days after inoculation, measuring the diameters of the bacterial colonies treated by adopting a cross method, and calculating the inhibition rate of a bactericide on the growth of hyphae.
Hypha growth inhibition rate = (control colony diameter-treated colony diameter)/(control colony diameter-0.5) × 100%.
The reagent of the invention:
orange peel essential oil, oloalgeri international limited;
25% phenamacril suspension concentrate, manufactured by pesticide research institute, jiangsu province, ltd;
43% tebuconazole suspending agent, bayer crop science;
50% carbendazim wettable powder, jiangyin Fuda agrichemical GmbH;
the test strains of the invention: fusarium graminearum is the sequencing standard strain Fusarium graminearum PH 1.
(2) Results of the experiment
The results of indoor toxicity measurement of the orange peel essential oil on fusarium graminearum (PH-1) of gibberella zeae are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 measurement of toxicity of orange peel essential oil on Fusarium graminearum (PH-1)
As can be seen from Table 1, EC of orange peel essential oil on Fusarium graminearum (PH-1) 50 Was 102.113. Mu.g/mL. The EC of common bactericide 43 percent tebuconazole suspending agent, 25 percent cyanogens enicol suspending agent and 50 percent carbendazim wettable powder on PH-1 is determined by the same method 50 Respectively, 0.492. Mu.g/mL, 0.473. Mu.g/mL, 1.337. Mu.g/mL. From this, it is known that the orange peel essential oil has the effect of inhibiting the growth of hyphae on fusarium graminearum (fig. 1, table 1), but the EC of the orange peel essential oil on pathogenic bacteria 50 Higher than other common bactericides.
Example 2 measurement of Effect of orange peel essential oil on indoor DON toxin inhibition of Fusarium graminearum
(1) Test materials and methods
Inoculating Fusarium graminearum (PH-1) into liquid nutrient medium YEPD (extract peptide dextrose), shaking at 25 deg.C and 180rpm, collecting 5 pellets with diameter of 0.6-0.8cm after 20-24 hr, dispersing mycelia, transferring to 30ml treatment containing medicament (the final concentration of medicament treatment is preferably corresponding EC) 50 The concentration, i.e., 102.113. Mu.g/mL orange peel essential oil, 0.492. Mu.g/mL tebuconazole, 0.473. Mu.g/mL cyanesoxim-methyl, 1.337. Mu.g/mL carbendazim) or toxin-inducing liquid medium TBI (trichothecene biosynthesis inducing) without drug treatment (CK) was shaken at 28 ℃ and 150rpm in the dark. And after 7 days, detecting the DON toxin synthetic amount of fusarium graminearum in unit mass by using a DON toxin detection Kit Quantification Kit Wis 008.
DON toxin inhibition rate (%) = (DON toxin synthetic amount of Fusarium graminearum per unit mass in CK group-DON toxin synthetic amount of Fusarium graminearum per unit mass in treatment group)/DON toxin synthetic amount of Fusarium graminearum per unit mass in CK group-100%.
The liquid nutrient medium YEPD formula (1L, pH 6.7) used by the invention is as follows: 10g peptone, 3g yeast extract, 20g glucose; the balance being water.
The TBI formula (1L, pH 3.0) of the culture medium used in the invention is as follows: 30g of sucrose, 1.47g of putrescine and 1g of KH 2 PO 4 、0.5g MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O、0.5g KCl、10mg FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O, 200 μ L of trace element solution; the balance being water.
The above Trace element solution formulation (100 ml): 5g citric acid, 5g ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O、0.25g CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O、50mg MnSO 4 ·5H 2 O、50mg H 3 BO 3 、50mg Na 2 MoO 4 ·H 2 O; the balance being water.
The test reagents and test strains used in example 2 were from the same sources as in example 1.
(2) Results of the experiment
As shown in figure 2, under the condition of in vitro induction of synthesis of DON toxin, the orange peel essential oil has a remarkable inhibition effect on synthesis of DON toxin of fusarium graminearum (PH-1), and the inhibition rate is more than 90%. In other common bactericides, only the cyhalothrin has obvious inhibition effect on synthesis of DON toxin of PH-1, the inhibition rate is more than 85 percent, and the treatment of tebuconazole and carbendazim has no obvious inhibition effect on synthesis of the DON toxin and can stimulate the DON synthesis capability of thalli. Therefore, compared with other tested bactericides, the orange peel essential oil has the best inhibiting effect on synthesis of DON toxin under the condition of indoor in-vitro induction of synthesis of DON toxin.
Description of the drawings: fig. 2 is a graph in which the ordinate represents the DON toxin synthesis amount per unit mass of hyphae, and the inhibition ratio = DON toxin synthesis amount of CK-DON toxin synthesis amount of drug treatment/DON toxin synthesis amount of CK.
Combining the results obtained in example 2 and example 1, it can be seen that: although the orange peel essential oil is not as effective as other common bactericides in inhibiting the growth of fusarium graminearum (PH-1), the orange peel essential oil has a remarkable inhibiting effect on the biosynthesis of the DON toxin of fusarium graminearum.
It is to be emphasized that: the indoor toxicity of fusarium graminearum of the fusarium graminearum is the capability of the medicament for inhibiting the growth of the fusarium graminearum, and the inhibition of the synthesis of the DON toxin is the capability of the medicament for inhibiting the metabolism of the fusarium graminearum to synthesize the DON toxin; this is two distinct capabilities.
Example 3 determination of inhibitory Effect of orange Pepper oil on expression of key elements for indoor DON toxin synthesis of Fusarium graminearum
(1) Test materials and methods
Inoculating Fusarium graminearum (PH-1) into liquid nutrient medium YEPD (extract peptide dextrose), shaking at 25 deg.C and 180rpm, collecting 5 pellets with diameter of 0.6-0.8cm after 20-24 hr, dispersing mycelia, transferring to 30ml treatment containing medicament (the final concentration of medicament treatment is preferably corresponding EC) 50 Concentration, i.e. 102.113. Mu.g/mL orange peel essential oil) or toxin-induced liquid medium TBI (Trichotecene biosynthesis inducing) without drug treatment (CK), were shake-cultured at 28 ℃ and 150rpm in the dark. After 2 days, the relative expression levels of the key genes FgTRI1 and FgTRI5 for synthesizing DON toxin are detected by a fluorescent quantitative PCR technology.
Expression inhibition rate (%) = (relative expression amount of key element in CK group-relative expression amount of key element in treatment group)/relative expression amount of key element in CK group × 100%.
Example 3 the test medium, agents and test strains were from the same sources as in example 2.
(2) Results of the experiment
The inhibition effect of the orange peel essential oil on the expression of DON toxin synthesis key elements in fusarium graminearum cells is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 expression inhibition rate of key elements for synthesizing DON toxin from fusarium graminearum under orange peel essential oil treatment
As shown in table 2, under the condition of in vitro induction of DON toxin synthesis, the expression inhibition rates of the orange peel essential oil on fusarium graminearum DON toxin synthesis key elements, namely, fgTri1 and FgTri5, are 97.48% and 99.27%, respectively. Therefore, the orange peel essential oil can cut off the synthesis path of the DON toxin in the fusarium graminearum by inhibiting the expression of key elements for synthesizing the DON toxin, and finally inhibit the biosynthesis of the DON toxin.
Example 4 Effect of orange peel essential oil on controlling toxicity and preventing diseases in field of gibberellic disease of Yangmai 28
(1) Experimental materials and methods
An agent treatment area: the test of the field control effect of the orange peel essential oil on the wheat scab is carried out in a disease and pest observation garden of a plant protection station in the Yunzhang region, wherein the soil used for wheat planting is dive rice soil, the pH value is 4.1, and the fertility is medium. The previous crop is rice. The wheat variety is Yangmai 28. Applying the medicines twice respectively according to the following treatment, wherein the first application time is 4 months and 11 days, and the wheat is in the early stage of flowering; the second application time is 4 months and 20 days, and the flower end-filling period is raised. The study was conducted once in the yellow-ripe stage, 6 spots were investigated on each cell diagonal, and 50 ears were investigated on each spot, and the disease area was classified as a percentage of the whole ear area. Level 0: the whole spike is disease-free; stage 1: the area of the withered spike accounts for less than 1/4 of the total spike area; stage 2: the area of the withered spike accounts for 1/4-1/2 of the area of the whole spike; and 3, level: the area of the withered spike accounts for 1/2-3/4 of the area of the whole spike; and 4, stage 4: the area of the withered spike accounts for more than 3/4 of the area of the whole spike. According to the investigation result, the disease index (1) and the prevention and treatment effect (2) are calculated according to the following formula
In the formula: x-disease index; ni-the number of diseased spikes at each level; i-relative grade value; n-survey total spike number.
In the formula:
p-control effect, unit is percentage (%); x1-disease index/incidence in placebo; x2-agent treatment area disease index/incidence.
The method for measuring the DON toxin content of the wheat ears in the field comprises the following steps: manually obtaining pure wheat grains on the day of receiving the sample, spreading the pure wheat grains in a vessel, and placing the pure wheat grains in an oven at 65 ℃ for 12 hours; and (2) grinding the dried wheat straws into powder by using a small grinder, filtering the powder by using a nylon net, taking 1g of the ground sample, adding 20mL of water, uniformly mixing, fully shaking for 3min, centrifuging at room temperature of 5000rpm for 10min, taking 50 mu L of supernatant, diluting by 10 times, and detecting the residual quantity of the DON toxin on the wheat straws of unit mass by using a quantitative Kit Wis 008.
The field control effect determination uses the agents and the dosage of the agents are shown in table 3, wherein the product name of the fluxapyroxad suspension agent is the wheat sweet, the product name of the propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate produced by Xiongdatong crop protection Limited company is the wheat sweet partner, produced by the GnDaantong crop protection Co., ltd, orange peel essential oil with the trade name of Huainante, produced by the International Co., ltd of Aolaugeii, and lecithin provided by the Biotech Co., ltd of Zhejiang Zhengnong jin Tai.
TABLE 3 test treatment of field control effect of orange peel essential oil on 28 head blight of Yangmai
Description of the invention:
the specific treatment mode of the group A is as follows: using water as a solvent, respectively diluting 200g/L of fluxapyroxad suspending agent and 200g/L of propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate by 1000 times, mixing and applying, applying twice, wherein the interval between every two times is 7-10 days, and the first application time is the initial stage of wheat flowering; the second application time is a flowering end-grouting period; the dosage of the fluxapyroxad and the propiconazole preparation is 675mL/hm respectively for each use 2 。
Specific treatment of group B: using water as a solvent, respectively diluting 200g/L of fluxapyroxad suspending agent and 200g/L of propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate by 1000 times, diluting 4500 times of orange peel essential oil, mixing and applying, applying twice in total, wherein the interval between every two times is 7-10 days, and the first application time is the initial stage of wheat flowering; the second application time is a flowering end-grouting period; the dosage of the preparation of the fluxapyroxad and the propiconazole is 675mL/hm respectively for each time of use 2 The dosage of the orange peel essential oil preparation is 150mL/hm 2 。
Specific treatment of group C: using water as a solvent, respectively diluting 200g/L of fluxapyroxad suspending agent and 200g/L of propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate by 1000 times, diluting the lecithin by 4500 times, mixing and applying, applying twice in total, wherein the interval between every two times is 7-10 days, and the first application time is the initial stage of wheat flowering; the second application time is a blowing-filling period; the dosage of the fluxapyroxad and the propiconazole preparation is 675mL/hm respectively for each use 2 The dosage of the lecithin preparation is 150mL/hm 2 。
Group CK is a placebo group without drug administration.
(2) Results of the experiment
The field control effect test results are shown in table 4, after the orange peel essential oil, the commonly used bactericides for preventing and controlling gibberellic disease, namely, the epoxiconazole and the propiconazole are mixed and applied, the field morbidity of the gibberellic disease of the poplar and wheat 28 is controlled within 10%, and meanwhile, the pollution level of the spike DON toxin is obviously reduced by more than 95%. Compared with the method that only the fluxapyroxad and the propiconazole are applied, the method that the orange peel essential oil is additionally applied can further reduce the incidence rate of scab of the poplar and wheat 28, and has a further inhibiting effect on the pollution of spike DON toxin. After the crop stem and leaf protective agent lecithin is additionally applied, compared with the method of independently applying the fluxapyroxad and the propiconazole, the incidence rate, the disease index and the DON toxin residue of the 28 scab of the poplar and the wheat are all increased, which shows that the lecithin and the fluxapyroxad/propiconazole have antagonistic relation in the prevention and treatment of the scab of the wheat unlike orange peel essential oil.
TABLE 4 test results of field control effect of orange peel essential oil on 28 scab of Yangmai
Example 5 evaluation of field control Effect of orange peel essential oil on gibberellic disease of Yangmai 25 in field control
(1) Experimental materials and methods
The experimental materials and methods of this example were the same as those in example 4, except that the wheat variety used in the experiment was Yangmai 25.
(2) Results of the experiment
The field control effect test result is shown in table 5, after the orange peel essential oil, the commonly used bactericides epoxiconazole for controlling gibberellic disease and propiconazole are mixed and applied, the field morbidity of the gibberellic disease of the poplar and wheat 25 is controlled within 20%, and meanwhile, the pollution level of spike DON toxin is obviously reduced by more than 85%. Compared with the method that only the fluxapyroxad and the propiconazole are applied, the method that the orange peel essential oil is additionally applied can further reduce the spike DON toxin pollution level of the poplar and wheat 25; after the crop stem and leaf protective agent lecithin is additionally applied, the DON toxin residue of the 25 gibberellic disease of the poplar and wheat is increased, which shows that the lecithin is different from orange peel essential oil, and the lecithin and the fluxapyroxad/propiconazole have antagonistic relation in the control of the DON toxin of the gibberellic disease of wheat.
TABLE 5 test results of field control effect of orange peel essential oil on Yangmai 25 gibberellic disease
Example 6 evaluation of Periploca yanhusuo's gibberellic disease field control synergistic Effect of orange peel essential oil
(1) Experimental materials and methods
The experimental materials and methods of this example were the same as those in example 3, except that the wheat variety used in the experiment was Yangmai.
(2) Results of the experiment
The field control effect test results are shown in table 6, after the orange peel essential oil, the fluxapyroxad and propiconazole which are common bactericides for preventing and controlling gibberellic disease are mixed and applied, the field morbidity of the gibberellic disease of the Yangmai wheat is controlled within 10%, and meanwhile, the pollution level of the spike DON toxin is obviously reduced by more than 85%. Compared with the method that only the fluxapyroxad and the propiconazole are applied, the pollution level of the spike DON toxin of the barley can be further reduced by additionally applying the orange peel essential oil; after the crop stem and leaf protective agent lecithin is additionally applied, compared with the case that the single application of the fluxapyroxad and the propiconazole is carried out, the morbidity, the disease index and the DON toxin residue of the Gibberella gibberella are all increased, which shows that the lecithin is different from the orange peel essential oil and the antagonistic relationship possibly exists between the lecithin and the fluxapyroxad/propiconazole on the control of the Gibberella zeae.
TABLE 6 test result of field control effect of orange peel essential oil on Gibberella tubiflora
In combination with the results obtained in examples 4 to 6, it can be seen that:
(1) When the essential oil is applied in the field, the effect of preventing and controlling the DON toxin of wheat scab can be obviously improved by additionally applying the orange peel essential oil, and the synergistic effect of the essential oil on the DON toxin prevention and control is suitable for multiple varieties of wheat, such as: yangmai 28, yangmai 25, yangmai.
(2) In the prevention and treatment of wheat scab, although lecithin is a basic nutrient component in the cell membrane of crops and is also a nutrient element necessary for the crops, and has a strong protective action mechanism on roots, stems and leaves, the mixed application of lecithin and a bactericide is not beneficial to the prevention and control of the wheat scab and the prevention and treatment of DON toxin.
Only the orange peel essential oil is mixed with a common gibberellic disease control medicament for application, so that the toxicity control and disease prevention of the wheat scab are further promoted.
In the present invention, it is to be emphasized that: although the control of the DON toxin is also an important index for controlling the gibberellic disease in a broad sense, the control effect of the gibberellic disease in a narrow sense is mainly seen by the reduction degree of the disease index, and although some medicaments can reduce the disease index, the problem that the residue of the spike of the DON toxin cannot be reduced is solved.
Finally, it is also noted that the above-mentioned list is only a few specific embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but that many variations are possible. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention are to be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The application of the orange peel essential oil is characterized in that: the method is applied to the control of gibberellic disease mycotoxin deoxynivalenol of wheat crops.
2. Use of orange peel essential oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: inhibiting the growth of hyphae of fusarium graminearum composite strains, inhibiting the biosynthesis of DON toxins and inhibiting the expression of key protein elements for synthesizing the DON toxins.
3. Use of orange peel essential oil according to claim 2, characterized in that: key protein elements for synthesis of DON toxins include FgTri1, fgTri5.
4. Use of orange peel essential oil according to claim 3, characterized in that: can be used for controlling virus and preventing diseases of wheat scab.
5. Use of orange peel essential oil according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: is mixed with other gibberellic disease control agents for application to improve the control effect of the DON toxin on the ear.
6. Use of orange peel essential oil according to claim 5, characterized in that:
respectively diluting 200g/L of fluxapyroxad suspending agent, 200g/L of propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate and orange peel essential oil by using water as a solvent, and mixing and applying; the application is carried out twice, and the first application time is the initial stage of wheat blooming; the second application time is a flowering end-grouting period; when the pesticide is applied every time, the dosages of 200g/L of the fluxapyroxad suspending agent and 200g/L of the propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate are respectively (675 +/-50) mL/hm 2 The dosage of the orange peel essential oil is (150 +/-10) mL/hm 2 。
7. Use of orange peel essential oil according to claim 6, characterized in that:
200g/L of the fluconazole hydroxylamine suspending agent is diluted to 1000 +/-100 times by water, 200g/L of propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate is diluted to 1000 +/-100 times by water, and orange peel essential oil is diluted to 4500 +/-500 times by water.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106857540A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-06-20 | 陕西上格之路生物科学有限公司 | A kind of bactericidal composition of fluorine-containing azoles bacterium acyl azanol and triazole bactericidal agent |
| CN108135173A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2018-06-08 | 拜耳农作物科学股份公司 | Fluorine azoles bacterium acyl azanol for reducing the mycotoxin contamination of plant purposes |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108135173A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2018-06-08 | 拜耳农作物科学股份公司 | Fluorine azoles bacterium acyl azanol for reducing the mycotoxin contamination of plant purposes |
| CN106857540A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-06-20 | 陕西上格之路生物科学有限公司 | A kind of bactericidal composition of fluorine-containing azoles bacterium acyl azanol and triazole bactericidal agent |
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| Title |
|---|
| ADAM PERCZAK等: "The Effciency of Deoxynivalenol Degradation by Essential Oils under In Vitro Conditions", FOODS, pages 1 - 14 * |
| SONIA MARIN等: "Effect of essential oils on zearalenone and deoxynivalenol production by Fusarium graminearum in non-sterilized maize grain", FOOD MICROBIOLOGY, vol. 21, pages 313 - 318 * |
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