CN115549029A - Combined protection circuit - Google Patents
Combined protection circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115549029A CN115549029A CN202211229605.9A CN202211229605A CN115549029A CN 115549029 A CN115549029 A CN 115549029A CN 202211229605 A CN202211229605 A CN 202211229605A CN 115549029 A CN115549029 A CN 115549029A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- parallel
- cathode
- voltage reference
- protection circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H11/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result
- H02H11/006—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result in case of too high or too low voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H3/202—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage for dc systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/005—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection avoiding undesired transient conditions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
- H02H9/025—Current limitation using field effect transistors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a combined protection circuit, which is characterized in that resistors R3 and R4 are connected in parallel between Vin and RTN, a middle tap of R3 and R4 is connected with a cathode of a voltage reference U1, a capacitor C1 is connected in parallel between a grid electrode and a source electrode of Q1, resistors R1 and R2 are connected in parallel between an input end Vin and RTN, the middle tap of R1 and R2 outputs divided voltage to the voltage reference U1, the divided voltage is compared with a reference voltage Vref, the cathode and the anode of the voltage reference U1 are respectively connected with the grid electrode and the source electrode of a field effect tube Q1, an output end Vout and a VoutRTN are respectively connected with drain electrodes of Vin and Q1, a capacitor C2 is connected in parallel between Vout and VoutRTN, resistors R5 and C2 are connected in parallel, components which cannot be used in space without thyristors, thermistors, relays and the like are not required to be provided, an auxiliary power supply and a comparison reference are immediately shut down, the output voltage is reduced to zero, the components can be electrified and recovered, elements are few in elements and can be recovered, the combined protection circuit is suitable for being used in a place which cannot be maintained, small in volume, high in efficiency, low in loss, low in efficiency, low in heat generation, high efficiency, and easy to realize simple and over-voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electronic circuits, and particularly relates to a circuit protection technology.
Background
In a space power supply system, a battery side input overvoltage protection circuit and a surge suppression protection circuit need to be provided. If the voltage value of the battery side exceeds the designed voltage value, large-area damage of power supply equipment can be caused, and power supply needs to be cut off timely when abnormal overvoltage occurs.
Modern space radar systems are large in scale, hundreds of power supply sources can be used, and once overvoltage occurs, the whole satellite power supply can be failed, so that overvoltage protection is an important protection measure of the power supply system. The overvoltage protection circuit is generally implemented by a comparator circuit: and comparing the reference voltage with the input voltage, and if the input voltage exceeds the reference voltage, turning over the comparator to trigger protection.
The input end of the power supply is generally provided with a filter capacitor of hundreds or even thousands of mu F, when the power supply is suddenly electrified, the input capacitor is instantaneously short-circuited to cause huge surge current which is dozens or hundreds of amperes, so that the front-end input circuit is greatly damaged, components such as a relay, a fuse and the like of the front-end input circuit are damaged due to overcurrent, and the reliability and the service life of the equipment are greatly reduced. The surge suppression protection circuit generally adopts a thyristor, a negative temperature coefficient thermistor, a relay and the like, and is difficult to be successfully applied to a satellite. The thyristor has higher forward voltage, is not beneficial to improving efficiency, has no products resisting total dose and single particles, and cannot be applied to aerospace projects. The negative temperature coefficient thermistor has no product suitable for space application, and cannot be applied to space navigation projects. The relay has a problem of life because of the movable electromechanical components contained therein, and is less applicable to a space.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a combined protection circuit which adopts the combination of an adjustable voltage reference and a field effect transistor.
Series resistors R3 and R4 are connected between Vin and RTN in parallel, a middle tap of R3 and R4 is connected with a cathode of a voltage reference U1 to supply power to the voltage reference U1, series resistors R1 and R2 are connected between an input end Vin and RTN in parallel, the middle tap of R1 and R2 outputs divided voltage to the voltage reference U1 and is compared with a reference voltage Vref, a cathode and an anode of the voltage reference U1 are respectively connected with a grid and a source of a field effect tube Q1, an output end Vout and VoutRTN are respectively connected with drains of Vin and Q1, if the divided voltage is less than Vref, the cathode of the voltage reference U1 is high level, Q1 is on, the circuit outputs normally, if the divided voltage is greater than Vref, the cathode of the voltage reference U1 is low level, Q1 is off, and the circuit is disconnected.
The capacitor C1 is connected between the grid and the source of the Q1 in parallel, if the cathode of the voltage reference U1 is at a high level, the input end current is charged to the C1 until the Q1 is switched on, and if the cathode of the voltage reference U1 is at a low level, the C1 is discharged, and the Q1 is switched off.
The capacitor C2 is connected between Vout and VoutRTN in parallel, and the input end current is charged to C2 until Q1 is conducted and saturated.
Resistors R5 and C2 are connected in parallel, and when the circuit is closed, C2 discharges through R5.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the surge current can be controlled without adopting elements such as a thyristor, a thermistor and a relay which can not be used in space, and an auxiliary power supply and a comparison reference are not required to be arranged, the input overvoltage is immediately closed, the output voltage is reduced to zero, the surge current can be recovered after being electrified again, the elements are few and can be recovered, the surge current control circuit is suitable for being used in non-maintainable places, and the surge current control circuit is small in size, high in efficiency, low in loss, low in heat generation, efficient, reliable, simple and easy to realize.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram.
Reference numerals are as follows: r1, R2, R3, R4, R5-resistors, vin, RTN-input end, vout, voutRTN-output end, U1-voltage reference, vref-reference voltage, Q1-field effect transistor, C1, C2-capacitor.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is specifically described by taking a 67V power supply line as an example in combination with the attached drawings.
The selective resistor R1 is 2.5k omega, the R2 is 72k omega, the voltage division circuit composed of the R1 and the R2 is used, the adjustable TL431 is selected as the voltage reference U1, the reference voltage Vref is 2.5V, compared with the voltage division, if the input voltage is lower than 74.5V, the voltage division is lower than 2.5V, the capacitor C1 of 3.3uF is charged through the R3 of 50k omega, after the C1 voltage reaches 3.5V, the field effect tube Q1 is conducted, the C2 of 330uF starts to be charged, when the C1 voltage rises to the R4 voltage division point 11.1V of R3 and 10k omega, the Q1 is conducted and saturated, the C2 surge charging is completed, and the current at the moment of starting is restrained.
If the input voltage exceeds 74.5V, the divided voltage is higher than 2.5V, the operational amplifier in the voltage reference U1 is turned over, the voltage of the voltage division point of R3 and R4 is reduced, the capacitor C1 immediately discharges, the Q1 is cut off, the circuit output is cut off, and the danger of overvoltage is controlled.
After shutdown, C2 is discharged through R5 of 50k Ω.
The above-described embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A combination protection circuit, comprising: series resistors R3 and R4 are connected between Vin and RTN in parallel, a middle tap of R3 and R4 is connected with a cathode of a voltage reference U1 to supply power to the voltage reference U1, series resistors R1 and R2 are connected between an input end Vin and RTN in parallel, the middle tap of R1 and R2 outputs divided voltage to the voltage reference U1 and is compared with a reference voltage Vref, a cathode and an anode of the voltage reference U1 are respectively connected with a grid and a source of a field effect tube Q1, an output end Vout and VoutRTN are respectively connected with drains of Vin and Q1, if the divided voltage is less than Vref, the cathode of the voltage reference U1 is high level, Q1 is on, the circuit outputs normally, if the divided voltage is greater than Vref, the cathode of the voltage reference U1 is low level, Q1 is off, and the circuit is disconnected.
2. The combined protection circuit of claim 1, further comprising: the capacitor C1 is connected between the grid and the source of the Q1 in parallel, if the cathode of the voltage reference U1 is at a high level, the input end current is charged to the C1 until the Q1 is switched on, and if the cathode of the voltage reference U1 is at a low level, the C1 is discharged, and the field effect transistor Q1 is switched off.
3. The combined protection circuit of claim 2, further comprising: the capacitor C2 is connected between Vout and VoutRTN in parallel, and the input end current is charged to C2 until Q1 is conducted and saturated.
4. The combined protection circuit of claim 3, further comprising: resistors R5 and C2 are connected in parallel, and when the circuit is closed, C2 discharges through R5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211229605.9A CN115549029A (en) | 2022-10-08 | 2022-10-08 | Combined protection circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211229605.9A CN115549029A (en) | 2022-10-08 | 2022-10-08 | Combined protection circuit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115549029A true CN115549029A (en) | 2022-12-30 |
Family
ID=84734422
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211229605.9A Pending CN115549029A (en) | 2022-10-08 | 2022-10-08 | Combined protection circuit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115549029A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116799920A (en) * | 2023-07-03 | 2023-09-22 | 湖南炬神电子有限公司 | Direct current charging protection circuit |
-
2022
- 2022-10-08 CN CN202211229605.9A patent/CN115549029A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116799920A (en) * | 2023-07-03 | 2023-09-22 | 湖南炬神电子有限公司 | Direct current charging protection circuit |
| CN116799920B (en) * | 2023-07-03 | 2024-01-02 | 湖南炬神电子有限公司 | Direct current charging protection circuit |
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