CN115545283A - Shale oil horizontal well close-cutting fracturing cluster spacing optimization design method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a shale oil horizontal well density cutting fracturing cluster spacing optimization design method, which sequentially comprises the following steps: s1, calculating net pressure of a single hydraulic fracture inlet; s2, calculating the induced stress of the single hydraulic fracture; s3, calculating the comprehensive induced stress of the plurality of hydraulic fractures; s4, calculating and considering a horizontal ground stress difference under the induced stress interference effect of the multiple hydraulic fractures; and S5, drawing horizontal ground stress difference curves of the horizontal shaft along the way under the condition of different cluster spacing, and selecting a cluster spacing scheme within a critical horizontal ground stress difference range as an optimal scheme. The optimized design method for the shale oil horizontal well tight cutting fracturing cluster spacing overcomes the problems that basic parameters are difficult to obtain, the implementation process is complex, the actual fracturing working condition is inconsistent and the like in the existing method, has higher operability and accuracy, and provides a more reliable and easily popularized decision method for the optimized design of the shale oil horizontal well tight cutting fracturing cluster spacing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to shale oil horizontal well exploitation in the field of oil exploitation, in particular to a shale oil horizontal well tight-cutting fracturing cluster spacing optimization design method, and belongs to the technical field of shale oil drilling fracturing.
Background
The shale oil reserves in China are about 476.4 hundred million tons, the shale oil reserves are at the forefront of the world, and the development potential is huge. At present, horizontal well tight cutting fracturing is one of key technical means for realizing efficient development of shale oil reservoirs. The horizontal well osculating technology is a further improvement of the conventional horizontal well staged multi-cluster fracturing technology, engineers combine shale oil reservoir geological characteristics and field fracturing modification practices to reduce the cluster spacing of the conventional horizontal well staged multi-cluster fracturing technology from tens of meters to several meters in the early period, and increase the single-stage perforation cluster from 2-3 clusters to more than 4 clusters, so that the horizontal well osculating fracturing technology is formed. Under the comprehensive influence of cluster spacing reduction and single-stage perforation cluster number increase, the induced stress interference effect between internal seams of the same fracturing stage is obviously enhanced. Reasonable cluster spacing is set, interference effect of induced stress among the cracks is fully utilized, a large-scale complex crack network is formed in the shale oil reservoir, and yield increasing and transformation effects are improved. However, most of the optimization design of the cluster spacing at the present stage is based on engineering experience, and effective theoretical support is lacked, so that the application effect of the shale oil horizontal well tight cutting fracturing reconstruction technology is unstable, and an efficient and scientific cluster spacing optimization design method needs to be established urgently.
The Chinese invention patent with the publication number CN 105735960B discloses a method for optimizing the interval between multi-cluster fracturing clusters of a horizontal well of a low-permeability oil-gas reservoir. The method takes the maximum seam net wave and the area as optimization targets, and a large number of basic parameters which are not easily obtained by field engineers, such as the trend, the inclination angle, the interface friction coefficient, the cohesive force and the like of the natural fracture need to be input during calculation, so that the method is complex in implementation process, limited in application range and not beneficial to large-scale popularization.
The Chinese patent application with the publication number of CN 109933860A discloses a shale gas fracturing horizontal well cluster spacing optimization method. The method carries out crack spacing optimization according to the calculated distribution rule of the induced stress difference of the plurality of hydraulic cracks. However, the calculation of the induced stress difference is based on the assumed net pressure value of the hydraulic fracture, the net pressure in the actual construction engineering depends on the injection displacement, the viscosity of fracturing fluid, the mechanical property of stratum rock and other factors, and the fixed assumed value is not consistent with the real fracturing working condition, so that the application effect of the method is not obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that basic parameters are difficult to obtain, the implementation process is complex, the actual fracturing working condition is not consistent and the like in the conventional method, provide a shale oil horizontal well density cutting fracturing cluster interval optimization design method, have higher operability and accuracy, and provide a more reliable and easily-popularized decision method for shale oil horizontal well density cutting fracturing cluster interval optimization design.
In order to solve the technical problems, the shale oil horizontal well density cutting fracturing cluster spacing optimization design method sequentially comprises the following steps: s1, calculating net pressure of a single hydraulic fracture inlet;
s2, calculating the induced stress of the single hydraulic fracture;
s3, calculating comprehensive induced stress of the plurality of hydraulic fractures;
s4, calculating and considering a horizontal ground stress difference under the induced stress interference effect of the multiple hydraulic fractures;
and S5, drawing horizontal geostress difference curves of the horizontal shaft along the way under different cluster spacing conditions, and selecting a cluster spacing scheme within a critical horizontal geostress difference range as an optimal scheme.
Further, in the step S1, based on the PKN hydraulic fracture model, the net pressure of the single hydraulic fracture inlet during construction is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:
formula I:
in formula I:
P net the net pressure of the entrance of a single hydraulic fracture is MPa;
e is the Young modulus of the stratum rock, pa;
v is the poisson ratio of stratum rock without dimension;
q is the total injection displacement of a single fracturing section in staged fracturing, m 3 /s；
N is the number of single-stage perforation clusters and can be regarded as the number of cracks, clusters or strips in a fracturing stage;
mu is fracturing fluid viscosity, pa.s;
h is the height of the hydraulic fracture, and is generally taken as the thickness value of a reservoir stratum, m;
t is the total construction time, s.
Further, in the step S2, the PKN hydraulic fracture model satisfies the fracture height section plane strain assumption, the net pressure in the fracture height direction is unchanged, the net pressure in the single hydraulic fracture joint uniformly adopts the net pressure at the fracture entrance, and the induced stress of the single hydraulic fracture generated by the net pressure in the single hydraulic fracture joint is calculated according to the following formula:
formula II:
wherein, formula III:
in formula II:
σ x induced stress on the x-axis, the original horizontal minimum ground stress direction, of the hydraulic fracture at the (x, 0) point, MPa;
σ y induced stress in the y-axis of the original horizontal maximum ground stress direction of the hydraulic fracture at the (x, 0) point, MPa;
σ z for the induction of hydraulic fracture on the z-axis of the original vertical crustal stress direction at the (x, 0) pointThe conductive stress, MPa;
x is the distance between a point on the horizontal wellbore and the hydraulic fracture face.
Further, in step S3, a plurality of hydraulic fractures are simultaneously formed in the same fracturing section in the shale oil horizontal well tight-cutting fracturing process, and based on a linear superposition principle, a calculation formula of comprehensive induced stress of the plurality of hydraulic fractures is as follows:
formula IV:
in formula IV:
σ xT the comprehensive induced stress of the N hydraulic fractures along the original horizontal minimum ground stress direction x axis is MPa;
σ yT the comprehensive induced stress of the N hydraulic fractures along the y axis of the original horizontal maximum stress direction is MPa;
σ zT the comprehensive induced stress of the N hydraulic fractures along the original vertical ground stress direction z axis is MPa.
Further, in step S4, linearly superimposing a plurality of hydraulic fracture induced stresses on the basis of the original crustal stress, and then calculating a new horizontal crustal stress difference value, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
formula V:
in formula V:
Δσ Hh the horizontal ground stress difference is MPa under the interference action of N hydraulic fracture induced stresses;
σ H original maximum horizontal ground stress, MPa;
σ h original minimum level ground stress, MPa.
Further, in step S5, the invention takes 6-9 MPa as the critical horizontal stress difference range of the preferred cluster pitch.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the method overcomes the defects that the basic parameters are difficult to obtain, the implementation process is complex, the method is not consistent with the real fracturing working condition and the like in the prior art, has perfect theoretical basis, concise and visual thought, strong operability and stable application effect, is consistent with the real fracturing construction working condition, can obtain accurate and effective cluster spacing optimization design results, has a large application range and is beneficial to large-scale popularization.
Drawings
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and detailed description, which are provided for reference and illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a geometric model of hydraulic fracture induced stress;
FIG. 2 is a graph of induced stress of a single hydraulic fracture in a single-stage 4, 5, 6 cluster fracturing mode;
FIG. 3 is a comprehensive induced stress curve of a plurality of hydraulic fractures in a single-stage 4-cluster fracturing mode;
FIG. 4 is a comprehensive induced stress curve of a plurality of hydraulic fractures in a single-stage 5-cluster fracturing mode;
FIG. 5 is a comprehensive induced stress curve of a plurality of hydraulic fractures in a single-stage 6-cluster fracturing mode;
FIG. 6 is a horizontal geostress difference plot of a horizontal wellbore in a single 4-cluster fracturing mode;
FIG. 7 is a horizontal geostress difference plot of a horizontal wellbore in a single stage 5 cluster fracturing mode;
FIG. 8 is a horizontal geostress difference plot as-traveled by a horizontal wellbore in a single 6-cluster fracturing mode.
Detailed Description
In the following description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not mean that the apparatus must have a specific orientation.
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained below by combining the specific drawings.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Taking a shale oil horizontal well (HY well) of an east oil field as an example, the well has the drilling completion depth of 5890m, the vertical depth of 3771.6m, the horizontal section length of 1831 m, the average porosity of an oil layer of 4.73 percent and the average permeability of 0.043mD, is a low-hole and ultra-low-permeability reservoir, and can obtain industrial oil flow only by carrying out close fracture reformation on the horizontal well. The well is determined to be modified by adopting a close-cut fracturing mode of single-section 4-6-cluster perforation according to engineering experience, and other basic parameters are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1
| Basic parameters | Value taking | Basic parameters | Value taking |
| Injection displacement Q (m) 3 /min） | 16 | Fracturing fluid viscosity mu (Pa. S) | 5×10 -3 |
| Hydraulic crack height H (m) | 30 | Young's modulus E (Pa) | 25×10 9 |
| PoissonSpecific (dimensionless) | 0.17 | Horizontal maximum principal stress σ H （MPa） | 73.54 |
| Single stage perforation cluster number N (cluster) | 4、5、6 | Horizontal minimum principal stress σ h （MPa） | 60.62 |
| Construction time t (min) | 120 |
In order to clearly show the related calculation results in the embodiments and facilitate the reader to quickly and accurately master the implementation method of the present invention, a schematic diagram of a hydraulic fracture induced stress geometric model shown in fig. 1 is drawn, and a spatial orientation relationship between the induced stress and the original ground stress in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system (xyz) and meanings of related parameters in formulas i to v are shown.
The difference between the lithology and the stress of the vertical interlayer of the shale oil reservoir is large, the hydraulic fracture is difficult to cross and expand, after a period of construction, the height of the hydraulic fracture is basically unchanged, only the length is increased, and the length of the fracture is far greater than the height of the fracture, so that the characteristics of a PKN hydraulic fracture expansion model are met. Based on the method, the analysis of a PKN model can be adopted to calculate the net pressure in the single hydraulic fracture during construction.
And S1, calculating the net pressure in the single hydraulic fracture joint by using a formula I by using the parameters in the table 1. The net pressure in a single hydraulic fracture joint corresponding to the single-section perforation 4 cluster is 2.73MPa; the net pressure in a single hydraulic fracture joint corresponding to the single-section perforation 5 cluster is 2.48MPa; the net pressure in a single hydraulic fracture seam corresponding to the single-section perforation 6 cluster is 2.31MPa.
And S2, calculating the induced stress of the single hydraulic fracture in a coordinate system shown in the figure 1 by using the data in the table 1 and the calculation result in the step 1 and using the formula II and the formula III.
The induced stress calculation results of a single hydraulic fracture in a single-stage 4-cluster fracturing mode are shown in table 2, wherein x =0 represents the position of the hydraulic fracture surface, x <0 represents the distance along the negative direction of the x axis, and x >0 represents the distance along the positive direction of the x axis, and the following steps are performed.
TABLE 2
| Point on horizontal well bore and water power Distance of crack surfacex（m） | In the direction of the original vertical crustal stress Induced stressσ z （MPa） | In the direction of original horizontal minimum ground stress Induced stress ofσ x （MPa） | In the direction of maximum ground stress at the original level Induced stress ofσ y （MPa） |
| -50 | -0.23 | 1.01 | 0.13 |
| -49 | -0.23 | 1.04 | 0.14 |
| -48 | -0.24 | 1.07 | 0.14 |
| -47 | -0.24 | 1.09 | 0.15 |
| -46 | -0.24 | 1.13 | 0.15 |
| -45 | -0.24 | 1.16 | 0.16 |
| -44 | -0.24 | 1.19 | 0.16 |
| -43 | -0.24 | 1.22 | 0.17 |
| -42 | -0.24 | 1.26 | 0.17 |
| -41 | -0.24 | 1.30 | 0.18 |
| -40 | -0.24 | 1.33 | 0.19 |
| -39 | -0.24 | 1.37 | 0.19 |
| -38 | -0.24 | 1.41 | 0.20 |
| -37 | -0.23 | 1.45 | 0.21 |
| -36 | -0.23 | 1.49 | 0.22 |
| -35 | -0.22 | 1.54 | 0.22 |
| -34 | -0.21 | 1.58 | 0.23 |
| -33 | -0.20 | 1.62 | 0.24 |
| -32 | -0.19 | 1.67 | 0.25 |
| -31 | -0.18 | 1.72 | 0.26 |
| -30 | -0.17 | 1.76 | 0.27 |
| -29 | -0.15 | 1.81 | 0.28 |
| -28 | -0.13 | 1.86 | 0.29 |
| -27 | -0.11 | 1.91 | 0.31 |
| -26 | -0.08 | 1.96 | 0.32 |
| -25 | -0.05 | 2.01 | 0.33 |
| -24 | -0.02 | 2.06 | 0.35 |
| -23 | 0.02 | 2.12 | 0.36 |
| -22 | 0.07 | 2.17 | 0.38 |
| -21 | 0.11 | 2.22 | 0.40 |
| -20 | 0.17 | 2.26 | 0.41 |
| -19 | 0.23 | 2.31 | 0.43 |
| -18 | 0.29 | 2.36 | 0.45 |
| -17 | 0.37 | 2.40 | 0.47 |
| -16 | 0.45 | 2.45 | 0.49 |
| -15 | 0.53 | 2.49 | 0.51 |
| -14 | 0.63 | 2.52 | 0.54 |
| -13 | 0.73 | 2.56 | 0.56 |
| -12 | 0.84 | 2.59 | 0.58 |
| -11 | 0.96 | 2.62 | 0.61 |
| -10 | 1.09 | 2.64 | 0.63 |
| -9 | 1.23 | 2.67 | 0.66 |
| -8 | 1.37 | 2.68 | 0.69 |
| -7 | 1.52 | 2.70 | 0.72 |
| -6 | 1.68 | 2.71 | 0.75 |
| -5 | 1.84 | 2.72 | 0.78 |
| -4 | 2.01 | 2.72 | 0.81 |
| -3 | 2.19 | 2.73 | 0.84 |
| -2 | 2.37 | 2.73 | 0.87 |
| -1 | 2.55 | 2.73 | 0.90 |
| 0 | 2.73 | 2.73 | 0.93 |
| 1 | 2.55 | 2.73 | 0.90 |
| 2 | 2.37 | 2.73 | 0.87 |
| 3 | 2.19 | 2.73 | 0.84 |
| 4 | 2.01 | 2.72 | 0.81 |
| 5 | 1.84 | 2.72 | 0.78 |
| 6 | 1.68 | 2.71 | 0.75 |
| 7 | 1.52 | 2.70 | 0.72 |
| 8 | 1.37 | 2.68 | 0.69 |
| 9 | 1.23 | 2.67 | 0.66 |
| 10 | 1.09 | 2.64 | 0.63 |
| 11 | 0.96 | 2.62 | 0.61 |
| 12 | 0.84 | 2.59 | 0.58 |
| 13 | 0.73 | 2.56 | 0.56 |
| 14 | 0.63 | 2.52 | 0.54 |
| 15 | 0.53 | 2.49 | 0.51 |
| 16 | 0.45 | 2.45 | 0.49 |
| 17 | 0.37 | 2.40 | 0.47 |
| 18 | 0.29 | 2.36 | 0.45 |
| 19 | 0.23 | 2.31 | 0.43 |
| 20 | 0.17 | 2.26 | 0.41 |
| 21 | 0.11 | 2.22 | 0.40 |
| 22 | 0.07 | 2.17 | 0.38 |
| 23 | 0.02 | 2.12 | 0.36 |
| 24 | -0.02 | 2.06 | 0.35 |
| 25 | -0.05 | 2.01 | 0.33 |
| 26 | -0.08 | 1.96 | 0.32 |
| 27 | -0.11 | 1.91 | 0.31 |
| 28 | -0.13 | 1.86 | 0.29 |
| 29 | -0.15 | 1.81 | 0.28 |
| 30 | -0.17 | 1.76 | 0.27 |
| 31 | -0.18 | 1.72 | 0.26 |
| 32 | -0.19 | 1.67 | 0.25 |
| 33 | -0.20 | 1.62 | 0.24 |
| 34 | -0.21 | 1.58 | 0.23 |
| 35 | -0.22 | 1.54 | 0.22 |
| 36 | -0.23 | 1.49 | 0.22 |
| 37 | -0.23 | 1.45 | 0.21 |
| 38 | -0.24 | 1.41 | 0.20 |
| 39 | -0.24 | 1.37 | 0.19 |
| 40 | -0.24 | 1.33 | 0.19 |
| 41 | -0.24 | 1.30 | 0.18 |
| 42 | -0.24 | 1.26 | 0.17 |
| 43 | -0.24 | 1.22 | 0.17 |
| 44 | -0.24 | 1.19 | 0.16 |
| 45 | -0.24 | 1.16 | 0.16 |
| 46 | -0.24 | 1.13 | 0.15 |
| 47 | -0.24 | 1.09 | 0.15 |
| 48 | -0.24 | 1.07 | 0.14 |
| 49 | -0.23 | 1.04 | 0.14 |
| 50 | -0.23 | 1.01 | 0.13 |
The induced stress calculation results of a single hydraulic fracture in the single-stage 5-cluster fracturing mode are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
| Point on horizontal well bore and hydraulic power Distance of crack surfacex（m） | In the direction of the original vertical crustal stress Induced stressσ z （MPa） | In the direction of original horizontal minimum ground stress Induced stress ofσ x （MPa） | In the direction of maximum ground stress at the original level Induced stress ofσ y （MPa） |
| -50 | -0.21 | 0.92 | 0.12 |
| -49 | -0.21 | 0.94 | 0.12 |
| -48 | -0.21 | 0.97 | 0.13 |
| -47 | -0.22 | 0.99 | 0.13 |
| -46 | -0.22 | 1.02 | 0.14 |
| -45 | -0.22 | 1.05 | 0.14 |
| -44 | -0.22 | 1.08 | 0.15 |
| -43 | -0.22 | 1.11 | 0.15 |
| -42 | -0.22 | 1.14 | 0.16 |
| -41 | -0.22 | 1.18 | 0.16 |
| -40 | -0.22 | 1.21 | 0.17 |
| -39 | -0.22 | 1.25 | 0.17 |
| -38 | -0.21 | 1.28 | 0.18 |
| -37 | -0.21 | 1.32 | 0.19 |
| -36 | -0.21 | 1.36 | 0.20 |
| -35 | -0.20 | 1.39 | 0.20 |
| -34 | -0.19 | 1.43 | 0.21 |
| -33 | -0.19 | 1.48 | 0.22 |
| -32 | -0.18 | 1.52 | 0.23 |
| -31 | -0.16 | 1.56 | 0.24 |
| -30 | -0.15 | 1.60 | 0.25 |
| -29 | -0.13 | 1.65 | 0.26 |
| -28 | -0.12 | 1.69 | 0.27 |
| -27 | -0.10 | 1.74 | 0.28 |
| -26 | -0.07 | 1.78 | 0.29 |
| -25 | -0.04 | 1.83 | 0.30 |
| -24 | -0.01 | 1.88 | 0.32 |
| -23 | 0.02 | 1.92 | 0.33 |
| -22 | 0.06 | 1.97 | 0.34 |
| -21 | 0.10 | 2.01 | 0.36 |
| -20 | 0.15 | 2.06 | 0.38 |
| -19 | 0.21 | 2.10 | 0.39 |
| -18 | 0.27 | 2.14 | 0.41 |
| -17 | 0.33 | 2.18 | 0.43 |
| -16 | 0.40 | 2.22 | 0.45 |
| -15 | 0.48 | 2.26 | 0.47 |
| -14 | 0.57 | 2.29 | 0.49 |
| -13 | 0.66 | 2.32 | 0.51 |
| -12 | 0.76 | 2.35 | 0.53 |
| -11 | 0.87 | 2.38 | 0.55 |
| -10 | 0.99 | 2.40 | 0.58 |
| -9 | 1.11 | 2.42 | 0.60 |
| -8 | 1.24 | 2.44 | 0.63 |
| -7 | 1.38 | 2.45 | 0.65 |
| -6 | 1.53 | 2.46 | 0.68 |
| -5 | 1.68 | 2.47 | 0.70 |
| -4 | 1.83 | 2.47 | 0.73 |
| -3 | 1.99 | 2.48 | 0.76 |
| -2 | 2.15 | 2.48 | 0.79 |
| -1 | 2.31 | 2.48 | 0.82 |
| 0 | 2.48 | 2.48 | 0.84 |
| 1 | 2.31 | 2.48 | 0.82 |
| 2 | 2.15 | 2.48 | 0.79 |
| 3 | 1.99 | 2.48 | 0.76 |
| 4 | 1.83 | 2.47 | 0.73 |
| 5 | 1.68 | 2.47 | 0.70 |
| 6 | 1.53 | 2.46 | 0.68 |
| 7 | 1.38 | 2.45 | 0.65 |
| 8 | 1.24 | 2.44 | 0.63 |
| 9 | 1.11 | 2.42 | 0.60 |
| 10 | 0.99 | 2.40 | 0.58 |
| 11 | 0.87 | 2.38 | 0.55 |
| 12 | 0.76 | 2.35 | 0.53 |
| 13 | 0.66 | 2.32 | 0.51 |
| 14 | 0.57 | 2.29 | 0.49 |
| 15 | 0.48 | 2.26 | 0.47 |
| 16 | 0.40 | 2.22 | 0.45 |
| 17 | 0.33 | 2.18 | 0.43 |
| 18 | 0.27 | 2.14 | 0.41 |
| 19 | 0.21 | 2.10 | 0.39 |
| 20 | 0.15 | 2.06 | 0.38 |
| 21 | 0.10 | 2.01 | 0.36 |
| 22 | 0.06 | 1.97 | 0.34 |
| 23 | 0.02 | 1.92 | 0.33 |
| 24 | -0.01 | 1.88 | 0.32 |
| 25 | -0.04 | 1.83 | 0.30 |
| 26 | -0.07 | 1.78 | 0.29 |
| 27 | -0.10 | 1.74 | 0.28 |
| 28 | -0.12 | 1.69 | 0.27 |
| 29 | -0.13 | 1.65 | 0.26 |
| 30 | -0.15 | 1.60 | 0.25 |
| 31 | -0.16 | 1.56 | 0.24 |
| 32 | -0.18 | 1.52 | 0.23 |
| 33 | -0.19 | 1.48 | 0.22 |
| 34 | -0.19 | 1.43 | 0.21 |
| 35 | -0.20 | 1.39 | 0.20 |
| 36 | -0.21 | 1.36 | 0.20 |
| 37 | -0.21 | 1.32 | 0.19 |
| 38 | -0.21 | 1.28 | 0.18 |
| 39 | -0.22 | 1.25 | 0.17 |
| 40 | -0.22 | 1.21 | 0.17 |
| 41 | -0.22 | 1.18 | 0.16 |
| 42 | -0.22 | 1.14 | 0.16 |
| 43 | -0.22 | 1.11 | 0.15 |
| 44 | -0.22 | 1.08 | 0.15 |
| 45 | -0.22 | 1.05 | 0.14 |
| 46 | -0.22 | 1.02 | 0.14 |
| 47 | -0.22 | 0.99 | 0.13 |
| 48 | -0.21 | 0.97 | 0.13 |
| 49 | -0.21 | 0.94 | 0.12 |
| 50 | -0.21 | 0.92 | 0.12 |
The induced stress calculation results of a single hydraulic fracture in a single-stage 6-cluster fracturing mode are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4
| Points on horizontal well bores and hydraulic fractures Distance of seam facex（m） | In the direction of the original vertical crustal stress Induced stressσ z （MPa） | In the direction of original horizontal minimum ground stress Induced stress ofσ x （MPa） | In the direction of maximum ground stress at the original level Induced stress ofσ y （MPa） |
| -50 | -0.20 | 0.85 | 0.11 |
| -49 | -0.20 | 0.88 | 0.12 |
| -48 | -0.20 | 0.90 | 0.12 |
| -47 | -0.20 | 0.93 | 0.12 |
| -46 | -0.20 | 0.95 | 0.13 |
| -45 | -0.20 | 0.98 | 0.13 |
| -44 | -0.20 | 1.01 | 0.14 |
| -43 | -0.20 | 1.04 | 0.14 |
| -42 | -0.20 | 1.07 | 0.15 |
| -41 | -0.20 | 1.10 | 0.15 |
| -40 | -0.20 | 1.13 | 0.16 |
| -39 | -0.20 | 1.16 | 0.16 |
| -38 | -0.20 | 1.19 | 0.17 |
| -37 | -0.20 | 1.23 | 0.18 |
| -36 | -0.19 | 1.26 | 0.18 |
| -35 | -0.19 | 1.30 | 0.19 |
| -34 | -0.18 | 1.34 | 0.20 |
| -33 | -0.17 | 1.37 | 0.20 |
| -32 | -0.16 | 1.41 | 0.21 |
| -31 | -0.15 | 1.45 | 0.22 |
| -30 | -0.14 | 1.49 | 0.23 |
| -29 | -0.13 | 1.53 | 0.24 |
| -28 | -0.11 | 1.58 | 0.25 |
| -27 | -0.09 | 1.62 | 0.26 |
| -26 | -0.07 | 1.66 | 0.27 |
| -25 | -0.04 | 1.70 | 0.28 |
| -24 | -0.01 | 1.75 | 0.29 |
| -23 | 0.02 | 1.79 | 0.31 |
| -22 | 0.06 | 1.83 | 0.32 |
| -21 | 0.10 | 1.87 | 0.34 |
| -20 | 0.14 | 1.92 | 0.35 |
| -19 | 0.19 | 1.96 | 0.37 |
| -18 | 0.25 | 2.00 | 0.38 |
| -17 | 0.31 | 2.03 | 0.40 |
| -16 | 0.38 | 2.07 | 0.42 |
| -15 | 0.45 | 2.10 | 0.43 |
| -14 | 0.53 | 2.14 | 0.45 |
| -13 | 0.62 | 2.16 | 0.47 |
| -12 | 0.71 | 2.19 | 0.49 |
| -11 | 0.81 | 2.22 | 0.52 |
| -10 | 0.92 | 2.24 | 0.54 |
| -9 | 1.04 | 2.26 | 0.56 |
| -8 | 1.16 | 2.27 | 0.58 |
| -7 | 1.29 | 2.28 | 0.61 |
| -6 | 1.42 | 2.29 | 0.63 |
| -5 | 1.56 | 2.30 | 0.66 |
| -4 | 1.70 | 2.30 | 0.68 |
| -3 | 1.85 | 2.31 | 0.71 |
| -2 | 2.00 | 2.31 | 0.73 |
| -1 | 2.16 | 2.31 | 0.76 |
| 0 | 2.31 | 2.31 | 0.79 |
| 1 | 2.16 | 2.31 | 0.76 |
| 2 | 2.00 | 2.31 | 0.73 |
| 3 | 1.85 | 2.31 | 0.71 |
| 4 | 1.70 | 2.30 | 0.68 |
| 5 | 1.56 | 2.30 | 0.66 |
| 6 | 1.42 | 2.29 | 0.63 |
| 7 | 1.29 | 2.28 | 0.61 |
| 8 | 1.16 | 2.27 | 0.58 |
| 9 | 1.04 | 2.26 | 0.56 |
| 10 | 0.92 | 2.24 | 0.54 |
| 11 | 0.81 | 2.22 | 0.52 |
| 12 | 0.71 | 2.19 | 0.49 |
| 13 | 0.62 | 2.16 | 0.47 |
| 14 | 0.53 | 2.14 | 0.45 |
| 15 | 0.45 | 2.10 | 0.43 |
| 16 | 0.38 | 2.07 | 0.42 |
| 17 | 0.31 | 2.03 | 0.40 |
| 18 | 0.25 | 2.00 | 0.38 |
| 19 | 0.19 | 1.96 | 0.37 |
| 20 | 0.14 | 1.92 | 0.35 |
| 21 | 0.10 | 1.87 | 0.34 |
| 22 | 0.06 | 1.83 | 0.32 |
| 23 | 0.02 | 1.79 | 0.31 |
| 24 | -0.01 | 1.75 | 0.29 |
| 25 | -0.04 | 1.70 | 0.28 |
| 26 | -0.07 | 1.66 | 0.27 |
| 27 | -0.09 | 1.62 | 0.26 |
| 28 | -0.11 | 1.58 | 0.25 |
| 29 | -0.13 | 1.53 | 0.24 |
| 30 | -0.14 | 1.49 | 0.23 |
| 31 | -0.15 | 1.45 | 0.22 |
| 32 | -0.16 | 1.41 | 0.21 |
| 33 | -0.17 | 1.37 | 0.20 |
| 34 | -0.18 | 1.34 | 0.20 |
| 35 | -0.19 | 1.30 | 0.19 |
| 36 | -0.19 | 1.26 | 0.18 |
| 37 | -0.20 | 1.23 | 0.18 |
| 38 | -0.20 | 1.19 | 0.17 |
| 39 | -0.20 | 1.16 | 0.16 |
| 40 | -0.20 | 1.13 | 0.16 |
| 41 | -0.20 | 1.10 | 0.15 |
| 42 | -0.20 | 1.07 | 0.15 |
| 43 | -0.20 | 1.04 | 0.14 |
| 44 | -0.20 | 1.01 | 0.14 |
| 45 | -0.20 | 0.98 | 0.13 |
| 46 | -0.20 | 0.95 | 0.13 |
| 47 | -0.20 | 0.93 | 0.12 |
| 48 | -0.20 | 0.90 | 0.12 |
| 49 | -0.20 | 0.88 | 0.12 |
| 50 | -0.20 | 0.85 | 0.11 |
In the embodiment, since the calculation results related to the embodiment have more data points, the display is too complicated in a table mode, in order to obtain a concise and visual display effect, all the data points are displayed in a picture mode (the same below), and the calculation results in tables 2 to 4 are drawn into a graph 2.
And S3, calculating the comprehensive induced stress of the plurality of hydraulic fractures in the coordinate system shown in the figure 1 by using a formula IV according to the calculation result in the step S2. According to the close cutting fracturing improvement experience of shale oil horizontal wells at home and abroad, the reasonable setting range of the cluster spacing is 4-20m. In the embodiment, the cluster spacing is optimized in the range, the comprehensive induced stress values at each point along the horizontal wellbore in the fracturing section under the condition of all cluster spacings of the single-section 4, 5 and 6 cluster fracturing modes are respectively calculated, only cases (cluster spacings 8 to 13m) which are important and can accurately explain the implementation method and the effect are selected to display (the same below) in order to avoid the problem that the result pictures display too much to cause troubles to readers, and the comprehensive induced stress calculation results of a plurality of hydraulic fractures in the single-section 4, 5 and 6 cluster fracturing modes are shown in fig. 3 to 5.
And S4, calculating horizontal stress difference under the action of induced stress interference of the multiple hydraulic fractures by using the data in the table 1 and the calculation result in the step S3 and applying a formula V in a coordinate system shown in the figure 1.
And S5, drawing a comparison graph of the horizontal geostress difference curve of the horizontal well bore in the single-section 4, 5 and 6-cluster fracturing mode along the way and a critical horizontal geostress difference curve, and referring to figures 6 to 8. The results of the indoor experiments show that: based on the fact that the optimal gap net shape can be obtained when the horizontal ground stress difference is between 6 and 9MPa, the invention takes 6 to 9MPa as the critical horizontal stress difference range of the optimal cluster spacing. Selecting a cluster spacing scheme with the horizontal ground stress difference within the range of 6-9 MPa as an optimal scheme. Therefore, in the single-stage 4, 5 and 6 cluster fracturing modes, the optimal cluster spacing is 10m, 11m and 11m respectively.
And identifying an oil reservoir dessert development area of the HY well horizontal section by combining geological data and a logging interpretation result so as to determine the number and the positions of reasonable fracturing sections, performing cluster perforation on each section according to the cluster interval optimization result, and finally performing site fracturing construction. And carrying out 28-stage 144-cluster fracturing on the HY well, carrying out 188m high-yield self-spraying of the test oil after fracturing, and carrying out 32m high-yield cultivation on the oil, so that a very ideal yield increasing effect is achieved. The interval optimization method provided by the invention is reasonable, a large-scale complex fracture network system is formed in the fractured stratum, and guidance can be provided for the interval optimization design of shale oil horizontal well subsection close-cut fracturing.
Although the embodiment only shows the cluster spacing optimization design method under the single-section 4-6-cluster perforation scheme, the optimization method provided by the invention is not limited by the number of clusters, and can be used for optimizing the cluster spacing optimization problem of any number of clusters in a single fracturing section.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. In addition to the embodiments described above, other embodiments of the invention are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The invention also comprises various changes and modifications, and all technical solutions formed by equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof. Technical features of the present invention which are not described may be implemented by or using the prior art, and will not be described herein.
Claims (6)
1. A shale oil horizontal well close-cut fracturing cluster spacing optimization design method is characterized by sequentially comprising the following steps:
s1, calculating net pressure of a single hydraulic fracture inlet;
s2, calculating the induced stress of the single hydraulic fracture;
s3, calculating the comprehensive induced stress of the plurality of hydraulic fractures;
s4, calculating and considering a horizontal ground stress difference under the induced stress interference effect of the multiple hydraulic fractures;
and S5, drawing horizontal geostress difference curves of the horizontal shaft along the way under different cluster spacing conditions, and selecting a cluster spacing scheme within a critical horizontal geostress difference range as an optimal scheme.
2. The shale oil horizontal well tight cutting fracturing cluster spacing optimization design method according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the step S1, based on a PKN hydraulic fracture model, the net pressure of a single hydraulic fracture inlet during construction is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:
formula I:
in the formula I:
P net the net pressure of the entrance of a single hydraulic fracture is MPa;
e is the Young modulus of the stratum rock, pa;
v is the poisson ratio of stratum rock without dimension;
q is the total injection displacement of a single fracturing section in staged fracturing, m 3 /s；
N is the number of single-stage perforation clusters and can be regarded as the number of cracks, clusters or strips in a fracturing stage;
mu is fracturing fluid viscosity, pa.s;
h is the height of the hydraulic fracture, and is generally taken as the thickness value of a reservoir, m;
t is the total construction time, s.
3. The shale oil horizontal well tight cutting fracturing cluster spacing optimization design method according to claim 2 is characterized in that in the step S2, a PKN hydraulic fracture model meets the assumption of fracture height section plane strain, the net pressure in the fracture height direction is unchanged, the net pressure in a single hydraulic fracture joint uniformly adopts the net pressure at a fracture inlet, and the induced stress of the generated single hydraulic fracture is calculated according to the following formula:
formula II:
wherein, formula III:
in formula II:
σ x induced stress in the x-axis of the original horizontal minimum stress direction of the hydraulic fracture at the (x, 0) point, MPa;
σ y induced stress in the y-axis of the original horizontal maximum ground stress direction of the hydraulic fracture at the (x, 0) point, MPa;
σ z the induced stress on the original vertical crustal stress direction z axis of the hydraulic fracture at the (x, 0) point, MPa;
x is the distance between a point on the horizontal wellbore and the hydraulic fracture face.
4. The shale oil horizontal well close-cutting fracturing cluster spacing optimization design method according to claim 3, wherein in step S3, a plurality of hydraulic fractures are formed simultaneously in the same fracturing section in the shale oil horizontal well close-cutting fracturing process, and based on a linear superposition principle, a calculation formula of comprehensive induced stress of the plurality of hydraulic fractures is as follows:
formula IV:
in formula IV:
σ xT the comprehensive induced stress of the N hydraulic fractures along the original horizontal minimum ground stress direction x axis is MPa;
σ yT the comprehensive induced stress of the N hydraulic fractures along the y axis of the original horizontal maximum stress direction is MPa;
σ zT the comprehensive induced stress of the N hydraulic fractures along the original vertical ground stress direction z axis is MPa.
5. The shale oil horizontal well close cutting fracturing cluster spacing optimization design method according to claim 4, characterized in that in step S4, a plurality of hydraulic fracture induced stresses are linearly superposed on the basis of original ground stress, and then a new horizontal ground stress difference is calculated, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
formula V:
in formula V:
Δσ Hh the horizontal ground stress difference is MPa under the interference action of N hydraulic fracture induced stresses;
σ H original maximum horizontal ground stress, MPa;
σ h original minimum level ground stress, MPa.
6. The optimized design method for the shale oil horizontal well close cutting fracturing cluster spacing according to claim 5 is characterized in that in the step S5, the optimized design method takes 6-9 MPa as a critical horizontal stress difference range of an optimal cluster spacing.
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