CN105574251B - The design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation based on geomechanics - Google Patents
The design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation based on geomechanics Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation based on geomechanics that the present invention relates to a kind of, includes the following steps：It determines that directional well implements target zone, the occurrence of reservoir intrinsic fracture, permeability, porosity, rock mechanics parameters and crustal stress data is obtained by in-situ data and laboratory experiment；Hydraulic fracture and intrinsic fracture communication capability plate are drawn, determines and meets the directional well deflecting bearing range that degree is linked up in optimal crack；Deflecting orientation and pit shaft discharge capacity relationship plate are drawn, determines the directional well deflecting bearing range for meeting maximum discharge capacity；Deflecting orientation and wellbore stability relationship plate are drawn, determines the directional well deflecting bearing range for meeting drilling shaft lining stabilization；Consider crack communication capability, three factors of pit shaft discharge capacity and borehole wall stability joint effect, determine optimal orientation well deflecting bearing range}.The design method is easy to operate, easy to spread, can ensure that bored shaft safety, transformation degree are high, exploit and produce measured comprehensive benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil gas drilling field of engineering technology, and in particular to a kind of slit formation stratum based on geomechanics is fixed
To the design method in well deflecting orientation.
Background technology
Directional well and horizontal well are to improve having for slit formation tight sand, carbonate rock and shale reservoir oil-gas mining efficiency
Efficacious prescriptions formula.Reservoir deep is complicated, physical property characteristic is poor, porosity is low, permeability is low, in practice it has proved that horizontal well technology and segmentation waterpower
Fracturing technique, which is combined, to be most effective raising and maintains the development scheme of tight sandstone reservoir well yield；Tight sandstone reservoir
Middle intrinsic fracture development is inevitable difficult geological, and how one side hydraulic fracture links up intrinsic fracture and form fracture network
To improve oil and gas production, behind another aspect drilling strata crack the borehole wall easily cave in, the complexity thing such as chip off-falling, bit freezing
Therefore drilling period is caused to extend, seriously hinder the exploration and development of oil gas.Therefore, it is necessary to from the geological problem faced,
It is proposed the design method in a set of directional well deflecting orientation with operational feasibility, it is real to obtain maximum production now with intrinsic fracture
The purpose of directional well construction stability, personnel and property safety is ensured while energy.
Currently, the design method about slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation, mainly passes through geological investigation, live drilling well
The means such as complex situations investigation, unstability well section stratum physical and chemical performance analysis, further according to live practical experience selection kickoff point (KOP), deflecting
The parameters such as rate, deflecting orientation.The design method is mainly started in terms of the common deflecting equipment index of qualitative evaluation and scene, no
It is related to stability of wellbore by mechanics model, does not consider that maximally utilizing hydraulic fracture is formed with intrinsic fracture communication conducive to production of hydrocarbons
Complicated seam net and stress distribution influence, do not set up anisotropy reservoir mechanical property yet and the inherent of borehole wall stability join
System, can not quantitative response deflecting orientation to the practical application effect of wellbore stability, fracturing transformation effect, therefore, be badly in need of exploitation one
The design method in slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation of the kind based on geomechanics is changed with meeting wellbore stability, improving pressure break
Make the requirement of effect.
Invention content
To solve problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of slit formation stratum orientation based on geomechanics
The design method in well deflecting orientation, its object is to：By considering crack communication capability, pit shaft discharge capacity and borehole wall stability
The joint effect of three factors realizes the optimal design for meeting slit formation stratum directional well or horizontal well deflecting orientation.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of slit formation stratum based on geomechanics is fixed
To the design method in well deflecting orientation, include the following steps according to sequencing：
Step 1：It determines that directional well implements target zone, the production of reservoir intrinsic fracture is obtained by in-situ data and laboratory experiment
Shape, permeability, porosity, rock mechanics parameters and crustal stress data；
Step 2：Using pit shaft orientation and hydraulic fracture, intrinsic fracture communication model, in conjunction with obtained reservoir data,
Hydraulic fracture and intrinsic fracture communication capability plate are drawn, determines and meets the directional well deflecting orientation model that degree is linked up in optimal crack
Enclose Ψ1；
Step 3：The random geological model of discrete fractures is built using monte carlo method, in conjunction with obtained reservoir data
With finite element numerical result of calculation, deflecting orientation and pit shaft discharge capacity relationship plate are drawn, determines and meets maximum discharge capacity
Directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ2；
Step 4：Using rock stress distribution model and plane of weakness damage model around the well on slit formation stratum, in conjunction with acquired
Reservoir data, draw deflecting orientation and wellbore stability relationship plate, determine the directional well deflecting for meeting drilling shaft lining stabilization
Bearing range Ψ3；
Step 5：Consider the joint effect of three crack communication capability, pit shaft discharge capacity and borehole wall stability factors, really
Fixed best directional well deflecting bearing range { Ψ1∩Ψ2∩Ψ3}。
Preferably, in the step 1, laboratory experiment includes Rock Triaxial Compression Experiment and acoustic emission experiment.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, it in the step 2, determines and meets the orientation that degree is linked up in optimal crack
Well deflecting bearing range Ψ1Method, include the following steps according to sequencing：
Step 2.1：According to actual measurement intrinsic fracture distribution plate and actual measurement intrinsic fracture occurrence data, analysis crack is discontinuous
Oil and gas reservoir is divided several regions by distribution character according to Fracture distribution；
Step 2.2：The complexity of net is stitched according to the crack geometric properties in divided region, occurrence and forming region,
Establish directional well necessity sequence；
Step 2.3：In directional well necessity sequence, according to the distribution of the crustal stress in divided region, rock mechanics parameters
And reservoir properties, analyze the man-made fracture propagation law in the region；
Step 2.4：In directional well necessity sequence, according to the crack figure in divided region, in conjunction with crustal stress orientation
Distribution characteristics and hydraulic fracture propagation law calculate the ditch of the hydraulic fracture and intrinsic fracture that meet efficient pressure break and safety drilling
It is logical to approach angle, and analyze the communication complexity of hydraulic fracture and man-made fracture and form the complexity of seam net；
Step 2.5：Comprehensive analysis results, using pit shaft orientation and hydraulic fracture, intrinsic fracture communication model, in conjunction with gained
The reservoir data arrived and intrinsic fracture occurrence draw hydraulic fracture and intrinsic fracture communication capability plate, determine that best crack is forced
Nearly angle, and then determine and meet the directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ that degree is linked up in optimal crack1。
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the directional well necessity sequence is that implementation is described based on geomechanics
The design method in slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation can generate the directional well of good result.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in the step 3, determine that the directional well for meeting maximum discharge capacity is made
Oblique bearing range Ψ2Method, include the following steps according to sequencing：
Step 3.1：The random geological model of discrete fractures is built using monte carlo method, according to computational requirements to geology
Model carries out mesh generation, prepares for finite element numerical calculating；
Step 3.2：Consider influence of the crustal stress to aerial drainage, the stress sensitive mould derived according to linear elasticity porous media dynamics
Type constructs finite element numerical solution equation group, the aerial drainage under different deflecting orientation is calculated separately in directional well necessity sequence
Ability；
Step 3.3：According to result of calculation, deflecting orientation and pit shaft discharge capacity relationship plate are drawn, determines and meets maximum
The directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ of discharge capacity2。
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the geological model includes intrinsic fracture, man-made fracture and horizontal wellbore
Three component parts.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in the step 4, determine that the directional well for meeting drilling shaft lining stabilization is made
Oblique bearing range Ψ3Method, include the following steps according to sequencing：Step 4.1：Utilize rock around the well on slit formation stratum
Stress distribution model and plane of weakness damage model, in conjunction with crustal stress, formation strength and intrinsic fracture occurrence, in directional well necessity sequence
The caving pressure plate of different zones is drawn in row；
Step 4.2：According to caving pressure plate, the directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ for meeting drilling shaft lining stabilization is determined3。
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in the step 5, comprehensive high-efficiency pressure break, pit shaft discharge capacity and drilling well
The safe result of calculation of pit shaft draws the optimal orientation well of different zones influenced comprising each factor in directional well necessity sequence
Deflecting orientation summary table.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in Ψ1、Ψ2、Ψ3When three does not have intersection, pit shaft discharge capacity is considered
With the joint effect of two factors of borehole wall stability, best directional well deflecting bearing range { Ψ is determined2∩Ψ3}。
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the directional well includes horizontal well.
The design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation based on geomechanics of the present invention is easy to operate, easy
In popularization, it is suitable for the directional well deflecting orientation optimization model on slit formation stratum by establishing, in conjunction with changing for hydraulic fracturing reservoir
Make effect, the complicated seam net production capacity that pressure break is formed and borehole wall stability, COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING obtains the live wellbore stability of realization and most
The required directional well deflecting key parameter of bigization capacity requirements.It is sent out according to the research of fracture type stratum body seepage flow mechanism
Existing, the key for improving low porosity permeability crack elimination production capacity is：It is exceedingly high using man-made fracture ditch by implementing hydraulic fracturing transformation
Right crack forms efficient oil-gas migration complex fracture network.Therefore, design method of the invention is with optimized directional well deflecting side
Position is target, and it is steady to have considered the exchanging information of hydraulic fracture and intrinsic fracture, post-fracturing pit shaft discharge capacity and the borehole wall
The joint effect of qualitative three factors provides guidance foundation for the well track of optimized directional well or horizontal well, is ensuring deflecting
Construction safety smoothly on the basis of, realize Optimum Fracturing correctional effect and the maximized purpose of production capacity.The design side of the present invention
Method overcomes the disadvantage that deflecting azimuth design precision is not high in traditional well track, avoids and only considers the realization of geology target spot and work
The design for having deflecting ability is insufficient, can ensure that bored shaft safety, transformation degree are high, exploit and produce measured comprehensive benefit.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the one of the design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation according to the invention based on geomechanics
Preferred embodiment process flow chart；
Fig. 2 is the figure of the design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation according to the invention based on geomechanics
The discontinuous distribution plate of intrinsic fracture in 1 illustrated embodiment, wherein：(a) it is that whole intrinsic fracture is distributed, is (b) East and West direction day
Right fractue spacing is (c) that north-south intrinsic fracture is distributed；
Fig. 3 is the figure of the design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation according to the invention based on geomechanics
Slit formation tight sand basement rock system and Random Discrete Fracture System couplant model in 1 illustrated embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the figure of the design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation according to the invention based on geomechanics
Cross fracture mass-conservation equation node parameter schematic diagram in 1 illustrated embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the figure of the design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation according to the invention based on geomechanics
Geological model schematic diagram in 1 illustrated embodiment, including three intrinsic fracture, man-made fracture and horizontal wellbore component parts；
Fig. 6 is the figure of the design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation according to the invention based on geomechanics
Geologic model grid divides schematic diagram in 1 illustrated embodiment, including three intrinsic fracture, man-made fracture and horizontal wellbore groups
At part；
Fig. 7 is the figure of the design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation according to the invention based on geomechanics
Schematic diagram of the slit formation tight sand rock mass strength by plane of weakness function influence in 1 illustrated embodiment；
Fig. 8 is the figure of the design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation according to the invention based on geomechanics
The stress distribution of rock is converted to the schematic diagram of plane of weakness coordinate system around well in 1 illustrated embodiment；
Fig. 9 is the figure of the design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation according to the invention based on geomechanics
The schematic diagram of slit formation sandstone reservoir borehole well instability in 1 illustrated embodiment；
Figure 10 is the design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation according to the invention based on geomechanics
The schematic diagram that slit formation sandstone reservoir caving pressure is predicted in embodiment illustrated in fig. 1；
Figure 11 is the design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation according to the invention based on geomechanics
The schematic diagram of optimal orientation well deflecting bearing range is determined in embodiment illustrated in fig. 1, wherein：A is to meet optimal crack to link up journey
The directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ of degree1, B is the directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ for meeting maximum discharge capacity2, C is to meet to bore
The directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ of well wellbore stability3, D is optimal orientation well deflecting bearing range { Ψ1∩Ψ2∩Ψ3}。
Figure 12 is the design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation according to the invention based on geomechanics
The schematic diagram of optimal orientation well deflecting bearing range is determined in embodiment illustrated in fig. 1, wherein：A is to meet optimal crack to link up journey
The directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ of degree1, B is the directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ for meeting maximum discharge capacity2, C is to meet to bore
The directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ of well wellbore stability3, D is optimal orientation well deflecting bearing range { Ψ2∩Ψ3}。
Specific implementation mode
In order to be further understood that the invention content of the present invention, the present invention is elaborated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, the design side in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation according to the invention based on geomechanics
One embodiment of method, includes the following steps according to sequencing：
Step 1：It determines that directional well implements target zone, the production of reservoir intrinsic fracture is obtained by in-situ data and laboratory experiment
Shape, permeability, porosity, rock mechanics parameters and crustal stress data；
Step 2：Using pit shaft orientation and hydraulic fracture, intrinsic fracture communication model, in conjunction with obtained reservoir data,
Hydraulic fracture and intrinsic fracture communication capability plate are drawn, determines and meets the directional well deflecting orientation model that degree is linked up in optimal crack
Enclose Ψ1；
Step 3：The random geological model of discrete fractures is built using monte carlo method, in conjunction with obtained reservoir data
With finite element numerical result of calculation, deflecting orientation and pit shaft discharge capacity relationship plate are drawn, determines and meets maximum discharge capacity
Directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ2；
Step 4：Using rock stress distribution model and plane of weakness damage model around the well on slit formation stratum, in conjunction with acquired
Reservoir data, draw deflecting orientation and wellbore stability relationship plate, determine the directional well deflecting for meeting drilling shaft lining stabilization
Bearing range Ψ3；
Step 5：Consider the joint effect of three crack communication capability, pit shaft discharge capacity and borehole wall stability factors, really
Fixed best directional well deflecting bearing range { Ψ1∩Ψ2∩Ψ3}。
In the step 1, according to the well logging of drilling well history, log data, case block is divided into 6 isolated areas, then
According to its crack noncontinuity regularity of distribution, the advantage of intrinsic fracture is moved towards in its region of statistical analysis.Laboratory experiment includes rock
Stone triaxial compression test and acoustic emission experiment.
In the step 2, determines and meet the directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ that degree is linked up in optimal crack1Method, press
Include the following steps according to sequencing：
Step 2.1：According to actual measurement intrinsic fracture distribution plate and actual measurement intrinsic fracture occurrence data, analysis crack is discontinuous
Oil and gas reservoir is divided several regions by distribution character according to Fracture distribution；
Step 2.2：The complexity of net is stitched according to the crack geometric properties in divided region, occurrence and forming region,
Establish directional well necessity sequence；
Step 2.3：In directional well necessity sequence, according to the distribution of the crustal stress in divided region, rock mechanics parameters
And reservoir properties, analyze the man-made fracture propagation law in the region；
Step 2.4：In directional well necessity sequence, according to the crack figure in divided region, in conjunction with crustal stress orientation
Distribution characteristics and hydraulic fracture propagation law calculate the ditch of the hydraulic fracture and intrinsic fracture that meet efficient pressure break and safety drilling
It is logical to approach angle, and analyze the communication complexity of hydraulic fracture and man-made fracture and form the complexity of seam net；
Step 2.5：Comprehensive analysis results, using pit shaft orientation and hydraulic fracture, intrinsic fracture communication model, in conjunction with gained
The reservoir data arrived and intrinsic fracture occurrence draw hydraulic fracture and intrinsic fracture communication capability plate, determine that best crack is forced
Nearly angle, and then determine and meet the directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ that degree is linked up in optimal crack1。
The directional well necessity sequence is to implement the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation based on geomechanics
Design method can generate the directional well of good result.
It surveys intrinsic fracture distribution plate and actual measurement intrinsic fracture distributed intelligence table difference is as shown in Figure 2 and Table 1.
The actual measurement intrinsic fracture distributed intelligence table of 1 the fourth region of table
| Pound sign | Fracture dip (゜) | It is inclined to (゜ in crack) |
| 4-1 | 83 | 90 |
| 4-2 | 69 | 80 |
| 4-3 | 68 | 235 |
| 4-4 | 74 | 150 |
| 4-5 | 60 | 280 |
| 4-6 | 69 | 330 |
| 4-7 | 61 | 300 |
Crack figure in the divided region of analysis and crustal stress distributed intelligence in the region of long fracture development, are naturally split
Seam is directly linked up, big to contribution to yield, and the demand that intrinsic fracture is linked up to directional well wellbore is not high；Fracture spacing is low, statistics
The not high region of long data, intrinsic fracture poor connectivity are stitched, straight well low output links up intrinsic fracture demand to directional well wellbore
It is high.After analyzing in 6 regions one by one according to this principle, directional well necessity sequence is established.
In the present embodiment, with 3 principal stress (σ1＞ σ2＞ σ3, wherein：σv=σ1, σH=σ2, σh=σ3) direction be reference axis
Establish space coordinates (1,2,3).Intrinsic fracture face NF normal vectors areUnder high stress difference, people
Work fracture surface HF is perpendicular to minimum principal stress direction, method phasor1Intrinsic fracture and man-made fracture
The angle that approaches be：
θ angles are big, and man-made fracture is turned to along intrinsic fracture both ends；θ angles are small, intrinsic fracture one end extension with before
Hydraulic fracture is connected to, and the other end is turned to and approached with optimal hydraulic fracture direction.
According to above-mentioned the data obtained, angle is approached in zoning within the scope of 70~80 °, it is larger that this approaches angular region,
It is easy to extend at hydraulic fracture both ends under the conditions of net pressure in certain crack.The above analysis is as a result, draw waterpower
Crack and intrinsic fracture communication capability plate finally obtain and meet the directional well deflecting bearing range that degree is linked up in optimal crack
Ψ1, as shown in table 2.
Table 2 meets the directional well deflecting bearing range table that degree is linked up in optimal crack
| Region | Advantage fracture orientation (゜) | Crustal stress orientation (゜) | The optimal drilling well orientation Ψ linked up based on crack1(゜) |
| 1 | 150 | 160 | 75~115 |
| 2 | 170 | 150 | 90~110 |
| 3 | 175 | 165 | 120~150 |
| 4 | 225 | 250 | 150~170 |
| 5 | 160 | 180 | 125~150 |
| 6 | 200 | 180 | 110~135 |
In the step 3, the directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ for meeting maximum discharge capacity is determined2Method, according to elder generation
Sequentially include the following steps afterwards, wherein the model utilized is as seen in figures 3-6：
Step 3.1：The random geological model of discrete fractures is built using monte carlo method, according to computational requirements to geology
Model carries out mesh generation, prepares for finite element numerical calculating；
Step 3.2：Consider influence of the crustal stress to aerial drainage, the stress sensitive mould derived according to linear elasticity porous media dynamics
Type constructs finite element numerical solution equation group, the aerial drainage under different deflecting orientation is calculated separately in directional well necessity sequence
Ability；
Step 3.3：According to result of calculation, deflecting orientation and pit shaft discharge capacity relationship plate are drawn, determines and meets maximum
The directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ of discharge capacity2。
The geological model includes three intrinsic fracture, man-made fracture and horizontal wellbore component parts.
In the present embodiment, the main equation of low porosity permeability tight sand Seepage of Rock Masses model bedrock portion is as follows：
Mass-conservation equation：
The equation of motion：
Fluid state equation：
ρ=ρa[1+CL(p-pa)]
Rock conditions equation：
Continuity equation：
Governing equation：
In the present embodiment, the main equation of low porosity permeability tight sand Seepage of Rock Masses model rift portion is as follows：
Continuity equation：
Fluid Cauchy equation of motion under cartesian coordinate system：
When the flowing in crack is reduced to the One-Dimensional flows between tablet, the equation of motion can be reduced to：
Fluid rheology model is conspicuous bar pattern：
Crack deformation equation：
Fluid state equation：
ρ=ρa[1+CL(p-pa)]
Include the continuity equation of the equation of motion, deformation equation and state equation：
The coupling process of discrete fractures and basement rock is as follows：
For cross fracture, the mass-conservation equation at node is：
ΣQfi=Qi+1→i+Qi+2→i+Qi+3→i+Qi+4→i=0
Wherein：
Basement rock governing equation derives finite element equation by Galerkin variation principles：
Crack Control equation derives difference equation with Unequal distance finite difference method：
Using Galerkin Variational Principle seepage flow partial differential equation " weak form ", double seepage flow of matrix and crack are considered
Equation, addition stress influence item to aerial drainage, construct finite element numerical solution equation group, by two-dimentional intrinsic fracture in plane and manually
Crack dimension-reduction treatment obtains the corresponding drainage area of different Borehole Azimuths and aerial drainage situation by changing directional well deflecting orientation.
Finally obtain the directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ for meeting maximum discharge capacity2, as shown in table 3.
Table 3 meets the directional well deflecting bearing range table of maximum discharge capacity
In the step 4, the directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ for meeting drilling shaft lining stabilization is determined3Method, according to elder generation
Sequentially include the following steps afterwards：
Step 4.1：Using rock stress distribution model and plane of weakness damage model around the well on slit formation stratum, answer in combination
The caving pressure plate of different zones is drawn in power, formation strength and intrinsic fracture occurrence in directional well necessity sequence；
Step 4.2：According to caving pressure plate, the directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ for meeting drilling shaft lining stabilization is determined3。
As shown in fig. 7, the intrinsic fracture inherently plane of weakness in crack rock, the presence of plane of weakness make rock mass in one party
Upward breakdown strength is less than other directions, caused by fully considering weak facing in directional well deflecting direction optimization design
The problem of a direction range internal stability declines, fluid column pressure in the well that when Accurate Prediction each orientation deflecting construction need to ensure
Power provides wellbore stability relevant design parameter for the orientation integrated design of directional well deflecting.
In the present embodiment, the constitutive equation of fluid structurecoupling theory of mechanics is：
Wherein, p --- rock pore pressure around well, MPa；
Mij--- stiffness matrix coefficient；
σ --- well week surrouding rock stress, MPa；
ε --- rock strains around well；
α --- it is parallel to Biot spy's coefficient inside layer；
α ' --- Biot spy's coefficient inside layer.
Wherein, E --- it is parallel to the elasticity modulus inside layer, GPa；
E ' --- the elasticity modulus inside layer, GPa；
V --- it is parallel to the Poisson's ratio inside layer；
V' --- the Poisson's ratio inside layer；
Ks--- Rock Matrix bulk modulus, GPa.
The constitutive equation of rock pore pressure is around well：
P=M [ζ-α (εxx+εyy)-α'εzz]
Wherein, M --- Biot's modulus, GPa；
ζ --- fluid volume changes.
The calculation formula of rock stress distribution is around slit formation subterranean wells：
Wherein, Kn(x) --- the n-th class modified Bessel function, n are exponent number；
Time factor under s --- Laplace domain；
ζ --- fluid volume changes；
θ --- well round angle, °；
rw--- wellbore radius, cm；
The distance of certain point, cm inside r --- wellbore center to stratum；
cf--- fluid diffusion coefficient, m2/s；
α --- it is parallel to Biot spy's coefficient inside layer；
α ' --- Biot spy's coefficient inside layer；
V --- it is parallel to the Poisson's ratio inside layer；
V' --- the Poisson's ratio inside layer；
G --- it is parallel to the modulus of shearing inside layer, GPa；
G ' --- the modulus of shearing inside layer, GPa；
κ --- in-place permeability, Darcy (darcy)；
pw--- drilling well liquid columnpressure, MPa；
Sv--- superstratum crustal stress, MPa；
SH--- stratum maximum horizontal principal stress, MPa；
Sh--- stratum minimum horizontal principal stress, MPa.
Around the slit formation subterranean wells in the calculation formula of rock stress distribution,
P0=(Sh+SH)/2
A1=α M/ (M11+α2M)
A2=M11+M12+2α2M/(M11+α2M)
B1=(M11/2Gα)K2(ξ1rw)
B2=[1/ ξ1rw]K1(ξ1rw)+[6/(ξ1rw)2]K2(ξ1rw)
B2=2 { [1/ ξ1rw]K1(ξ1rw)+[3/(ξ1rw)2]K2(ξ1rw)}
C1=4/ [2A1(B3-B2)-A2B1]
C2=-4B1/[2A1(B3-B2)-A2B1]
C3=[2A1(B2+B3)+3A2B1]/{3[2A1(B3-B2)-A2B1]}
Wherein, M --- Biot's modulus, GPa；
Mij--- stiffness matrix coefficient.
Consolidate Interaction Mechanics theory based on porous media flow, in conjunction with porous media elastic constitutive model equation, fluid motion equation, puts down
Weighing apparatus equation, geometric equation, mass-conservation equation, the equation of comptability and Laplace transform principle obtain asymmetrical geostress field and go into the well
The pore pressure of surrounding rock is distributed and stress distribution.
The foundation of slit formation weak stratum plane damage model, includes the following steps according to sequencing：(1) rock around well is answered
Power distribution is down-converted to from polar coordinate system under pit shaft rectangular coordinate system.
Under pit shaft rectangular coordinate system, rock stress distribution is around well：
(2) rock stress distribution around well is down-converted to from pit shaft rectangular coordinate system under earth coordinates.
Under earth coordinates, rock stress distribution is around well：
σGCS=ET×σCCS×E
(3) rock stress distribution around well is down-converted to from earth coordinates under plane of weakness coordinate system.
Under plane of weakness coordinate system, rock stress distribution is around well：
(4) it is based on rock plane of weakness failure criteria, establishes stability of wellbore by mechanics model N >=0, wherein N --- slit formation stratum
Caving pressure index, MPa.N<0, it represents plane of weakness stratum and shearing slip destruction occurs.
Slit formation formation collapsed pressure index is：
Wherein, Uw--- rock plane of weakness internal friction angle, °；
Sw--- rock plane of weakness cohesive strength, MPa；
pw--- drilling well liquid columnpressure, MPa；
θ --- well round angle, °；
αb--- pit shaft azimuth, °；
βb--- pit shaft oblique angle, °；
--- rock plane of weakness is inclined to, °；
βw--- rock plane of weakness inclination angle, °.
Based on Elasticity coordinate transformating technology, the stress distribution of rock around well is converted to plane of weakness coordinate system, such as Fig. 8
It is shown.Magnitude relationship between frictional force caused by by judging plane of weakness shearing force and direct stress judges that a certain plane of weakness stratum is
No generation failure by shear and lead to borehole well instability.
Effective stress law：
Wherein：
As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, in directional well, influence of the pore pressure to caving pressure is more more complicated than straight well, well week
Pore pressure has been not equal to original formation pressure, and especially in the reservoir of fracture development, pore pressure can be by the seepage flow mould of front
Type is found out.Result of calculation shows：With the raising of pore pressure, caving pressure can't be increased integrally, but show " Gao Zheyue
Height person is lower " the phenomenon that, i.e., safe place is safer, and dangerous place is more dangerous.So in surpressure reservoir or day
Right fracture-type reservoir, preferably wellbore trace are the key that safe and efficient drillings.Finally obtain the orientation for meeting drilling shaft lining stabilization
Well deflecting bearing range Ψ3, as shown in table 4.
Table 4 meets the directional well deflecting bearing range table of drilling shaft lining stabilization
| Region | Advantage fracture orientation (゜) | Crustal stress orientation (゜) | Optimal drilling well orientation (゜ based on wellbore stability) |
| 1 | 150 | 125 | 60~90 |
| 2 | 170 | 115 | 50~80 |
| 3 | 175 | 165 | 100~130 |
| 4 | 225 | 205 | 150~170 |
| 5 | 160 | 180 | 135~150 |
| 6 | 200 | 180 | 115~145 |
In the step 5, comprehensive high-efficiency pressure break, pit shaft discharge capacity and the safe result of calculation of bored shaft, in directional well
The optimal orientation well deflecting orientation summary table of different zones influenced comprising each factor is drawn in necessity sequence, as shown in table 5.
Ψ1、Ψ2、Ψ3When three does not have intersection, the joint effect of two factors of pit shaft discharge capacity and borehole wall stability is paid the utmost attention to,
Determine best directional well deflecting bearing range { Ψ2∩Ψ3, as is illustrated by figs. 11 and 12.
Table 5 integrates the optimal orientation well deflecting orientation summary table that each factor influences
The design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation based on geomechanics of the present embodiment, easy to operate,
It is easy to spread, it is suitable for the directional well deflecting orientation optimization model on slit formation stratum by establishing, in conjunction with hydraulic fracturing reservoir
The complicated seam net production capacity and borehole wall stability that correctional effect, pressure break are formed, COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING obtain the live wellbore stability of realization and
Maximize the required directional well deflecting key parameter of capacity requirements.The design method is using optimized directional well deflecting orientation as mesh
Mark has considered the exchanging information of hydraulic fracture and intrinsic fracture, post-fracturing pit shaft discharge capacity and borehole wall stability three
The joint effect of a factor provides guidance foundation for the well track of optimized directional well or horizontal well, is ensuring deflecting construction peace
On the basis of all-cis profit, Optimum Fracturing correctional effect and the maximized purpose of production capacity are realized.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation based on geomechanics of the present invention
Design method include the invention content of aforementioned present invention specification and each shown by specific embodiment part and attached drawing
Partial arbitrary combination describes one by one as space is limited and for each scheme for keeping specification concise without constituting these combinations.
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation based on geomechanics, according to sequencing include with
Lower step：
Step 1：It determines that directional well implements target zone, the occurrence of reservoir intrinsic fracture is obtained by in-situ data and laboratory experiment, is oozed
Saturating rate, porosity, rock mechanics parameters and crustal stress data；
Step 2：It is drawn in conjunction with obtained reservoir data using pit shaft orientation and hydraulic fracture, intrinsic fracture communication model
Hydraulic fracture and intrinsic fracture communication capability plate determine and meet the directional well deflecting bearing range that degree is linked up in optimal crack
Ψ1；
Step 3：The random geological model of discrete fractures is built using monte carlo method, in conjunction with obtained reservoir data and is had
The first numerical result of limit, draws deflecting orientation and pit shaft discharge capacity relationship plate, determines and meet determining for maximum discharge capacity
To well deflecting bearing range Ψ2；
Step 4：Using rock stress distribution model and plane of weakness damage model around the well on slit formation stratum, in conjunction with obtained storage
Layer data draws deflecting orientation and wellbore stability relationship plate, determines the directional well deflecting orientation for meeting drilling shaft lining stabilization
Range Ψ3；
Step 5：Consider the joint effect of three crack communication capability, pit shaft discharge capacity and borehole wall stability factors, determines most
Good directional well deflecting bearing range { Ψ1∩Ψ2∩Ψ3}。
2. the design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation based on geomechanics as described in claim 1, special
Sign is, in the step 1, laboratory experiment includes Rock Triaxial Compression Experiment and acoustic emission experiment.
3. the design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation based on geomechanics as claimed in claim 2, special
Sign is, in the step 2, determines and meets the directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ that degree is linked up in optimal crack1Method, press
Include the following steps according to sequencing：
Step 2.1：According to actual measurement intrinsic fracture distribution plate and actual measurement intrinsic fracture occurrence data, the discontinuous distribution in crack is analyzed
Oil and gas reservoir is divided several regions by characteristic according to Fracture distribution；
Step 2.2：According to the complexity of the crack geometric properties in divided region, occurrence and forming region seam net, establish
Directional well necessity sequence；
Step 2.3：In directional well necessity sequence, according to the distribution of the crustal stress in divided region, rock mechanics parameters and storage
Layer physical property, analyzes the man-made fracture propagation law in the region；
Step 2.4：In directional well necessity sequence, according to the crack figure in divided region, in conjunction with crustal stress azimuth distribution
Feature and hydraulic fracture propagation law, the communication for calculating the hydraulic fracture and intrinsic fracture that meet efficient pressure break and safety drilling are forced
Nearly angle, and analyze the communication complexity of hydraulic fracture and man-made fracture and form the complexity of seam net；
Step 2.5：Comprehensive analysis results, using pit shaft orientation and hydraulic fracture, intrinsic fracture communication model, in conjunction with obtained
Reservoir data and intrinsic fracture occurrence draw hydraulic fracture and intrinsic fracture communication capability plate, determine that angle is approached in best crack,
And then it determines and meets the directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ that degree is linked up in optimal crack1；
The directional well necessity sequence is to implement setting for the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation based on geomechanics
Meter method can generate the directional well of good result.
4. the design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation based on geomechanics as claimed in claim 3, special
Sign is, in the step 3, determines the directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ for meeting maximum discharge capacity2Method, according to elder generation
Sequentially include the following steps afterwards：
Step 3.1：The random geological model of discrete fractures is built using monte carlo method, according to computational requirements to geological model
Mesh generation is carried out, is prepared for finite element numerical calculating；
Step 3.2：Consider influence of the crustal stress to aerial drainage, according to the stress sensitive model that linear elasticity porous media dynamics derive,
Finite element numerical solution equation group is constructed, the aerial drainage energy under different deflecting orientation is calculated separately in directional well necessity sequence
Power；
Step 3.3：According to result of calculation, deflecting orientation and pit shaft discharge capacity relationship plate are drawn, determines and meets maximum aerial drainage
The directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ of ability2。
5. the design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation based on geomechanics as claimed in claim 4, special
Sign is that the geological model includes three intrinsic fracture, man-made fracture and horizontal wellbore component parts.
6. the design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation based on geomechanics as claimed in claim 5, special
Sign is, in the step 4, determines the directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ for meeting drilling shaft lining stabilization3Method, according to elder generation
Sequentially include the following steps afterwards：
Step 4.1：Using rock stress distribution model and plane of weakness damage model around the well on slit formation stratum, in conjunction with crustal stress,
The caving pressure plate of different zones is drawn in layer intensity and intrinsic fracture occurrence in directional well necessity sequence；
Step 4.2：According to caving pressure plate, the directional well deflecting bearing range Ψ for meeting drilling shaft lining stabilization is determined3。
7. the design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation based on geomechanics as claimed in claim 6, special
Sign is, in the step 5, comprehensive high-efficiency pressure break, pit shaft discharge capacity and the safe result of calculation of bored shaft, in directional well
The optimal orientation well deflecting orientation summary table of different zones influenced comprising each factor is drawn in necessity sequence.
8. the design method in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation based on geomechanics as claimed in claim 7, special
Sign is, in Ψ1、Ψ2、Ψ3When three does not have intersection, the common of two factors of pit shaft discharge capacity and borehole wall stability is considered
It influences, determines best directional well deflecting bearing range { Ψ2∩Ψ3}。
9. the design in the slit formation stratum directional well deflecting orientation based on geomechanics as described in any one of claim 1-8
Method, which is characterized in that the directional well includes horizontal well.
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| CN108571308B (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2023-09-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Formation Fracturing Method |
| CN110017126B (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2021-09-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for determining borehole azimuth of horizontal well of fractured reservoir |
| CN111119856B (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2023-04-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Inversion method of natural formation deflecting characteristics based on actual drilling data |
| CN109740203B (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2023-04-18 | 新疆贝肯能源工程股份有限公司 | Directional trajectory design method for geothermal well development |
| CN110188407B (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2021-01-01 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method and device for determining liquid flow parameters in porous medium |
| CN114510853A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2022-05-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Well type optimization design method based on fracture-cavity type oil reservoir three-dimensional ground stress field distribution |
| CN113343336B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-03-11 | 西南石油大学 | Numerical simulation method for well wall collapse progressive damage process |
| CN113239577B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-04-12 | 西南石油大学 | Quantitative evaluation method for borehole instability risk of drilling in complex stratum |
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