CN115539538A

CN115539538A - Automatic gap adjusting device for multiple wet brakes

Info

Publication number: CN115539538A
Application number: CN202110725745.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘伟; 虞召源; 孟庆华; 乔立涛; 沈涛
Original assignee: Deutz Fahr Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Deutz Fahr Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-29
Filing date: 2021-06-29
Publication date: 2022-12-30

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic gap adjusting device for a multi-disc wet brake, and relates to the technical field of automatic adjusting devices. The elastic bushing is formed by bending an elastic steel sheet, so that the whole elastic bushing has elasticity in the radial direction and can better generate friction with a through hole of the piston, and good automatic gap adjustment is realized; elastic bushing simple structure, be provided with the breach, be convenient for whole elastic bushing impresses in the through-hole of piston, the problem of clearance adjustment device bush and the easy wearing and tearing of piston interference fit, the unable accurate assurance of magnitude of interference has been solved, can provide stable frictional force, reset spring has been increased simultaneously, integrated piston reset function, make the stopper structure compacter, the device can continuously automatic compensation wearing and tearing clearance, guarantee that the braking stroke is unchangeable, the manufacturing cost and the maintenance cost of stopper have been reduced, braking stability and driving safety have been improved.

Description

Automatic gap adjusting device for multiple wet brakes

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automatic adjusting devices, in particular to an automatic gap adjusting device for a multi-disc wet brake.

Background

The multi-piece wet brake is widely applied to special vehicles with severe working environment, large braking torque and strong anti-fading capability. The wet brake realizes braking by pressing a piston to compress friction and generating braking torque. When the vehicle is used, the vehicle needs to be braked frequently, the friction pair is continuously abraded, the braking stroke is increased until the actually required braking stroke exceeds the set stroke of the system, the braking failure is caused, and the driving safety is seriously influenced. The clearance adjusting device can automatically eliminate the abrasion clearance and ensure that the braking stroke is not changed.

In the gap adjusting device for the wet brake at present, a bushing and a piston are mostly in interference fit. When the friction pair is worn, the piston can slide relative to the lining, and a wear gap is eliminated; when the piston resets, the reset force is smaller than the friction force between the bushing and the piston, so that the brake stroke is unchanged. In order to ensure that the piston resetting force is smaller than the friction force between the bushing and the piston, the bushing and the piston need to ensure accurate interference, which puts higher requirements on part processing. After the fit size of the bushing and the piston is abraded, the interference magnitude between the bushing and the piston is reduced, the friction force is reduced, the constant braking stroke cannot be guaranteed, and the driving safety is influenced. Meanwhile, the clearance adjustment and the piston resetting are respectively realized by two sets of devices, the brake is complex in structure, and the space utilization rate is poor.

The clearance adjusting device of the invention uses the elastic bushing to replace the bushing, and ensures that stable friction force exists between the piston and the elastic bushing, thereby continuously and automatically compensating the abrasion clearance and realizing the invariable braking stroke. Meanwhile, the device integrates a reset function, reduces the number of parts and enables the structure of the brake to be more compact.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an automatic gap adjusting device for a multi-piece wet brake.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: piston setting and fixed mounting are in the inside cavity of brake housing, piston inner chamber is equipped with resetting means, and resetting means and piston inner wall swing joint, several through-hole has been seted up to piston inner chamber surface, the through-hole surface is equipped with the uide pin, and the uide pin passes through-hole and fixed connection in the brake housing, uide pin outside surface cover is equipped with the spacer, and spacer and uide pin outside fixed surface are connected, spacer surface clearance fit is equipped with elastic bush, and elastic bush and spacer surface fixed connection, uide pin front end top position is equipped with the retaining ring, and retaining ring and uide pin front end top position fixed connection, spline housing fixed mounting is in the inside cavity of brake housing, the friction sleeve is established on the spline housing, opposition each other between friction plate subassembly and the resetting means.

In a feasible scheme, the resetting device comprises a fixing bolt and a resetting spring, the resetting spring is sleeved on and fixedly connected with the outer surface of the fixing bolt, a gasket is fixedly mounted at the top end of the fixing bolt, a shaft bushing is arranged on the outer surface of the gasket and fixedly mounted at the top end of the fixing bolt, the fixing bolt penetrates through the piston and is fixedly connected onto the brake shell, one end of the resetting spring is abutted to the surface of the inner cavity of the piston, and the other end of the resetting spring is abutted to the gasket.

In a feasible scheme, the friction plate assembly comprises a dynamic friction plate and a static friction plate, the dynamic friction plate is sleeved and fixedly mounted on a spline sleeve, the static friction plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the brake shell through the spline sleeve, and the dynamic friction plate and the static friction plate are arranged in a cross mode and can move left and right along the spline sleeve.

In a feasible scheme, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the brake shell, one end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the end wall in the brake shell, the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with a piston, and the piston can move left and right through pushing of the hydraulic cylinder.

In a feasible scheme, the number of the through holes formed in the inner surface of the piston is at least four, the four through holes are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the piston, and the four through holes are provided with guide pins, spacer bushes and elastic bushings.

In a feasible scheme, the inner part of the spacer sleeve is of a hollow columnar structure, corners at two ends of the spacer sleeve and corners of the inner hole are both designed to be in a chamfer shape, and the elastic bushing can move axially along the spacer sleeve.

In a feasible scheme, the elastic bushing is provided with a notch along the axial position, the elastic bushing is pressed into the through hole in the surface of the piston through the notch, and the elastic bushing is formed by bending an elastic steel sheet.

In a feasible scheme, the outer diameter of the retainer ring is larger than the inner diameter of the elastic bushing and smaller than the outer diameter of the elastic bushing, the return spring is arranged between the retainer ring and the bushing and is always positioned in the compression mounting table, and the elastic bushing is arranged in the inner cavity of the piston in an interference fit mode.

The invention provides an automatic gap adjusting device for a multi-piece wet brake. The method has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The elastic bushing is formed by bending the elastic steel sheet, so that the whole elastic bushing has elasticity in the radial direction, and can better generate friction with a through hole of the piston, and good automatic gap adjustment is realized; the elastic bushing is simple in structure and provided with the notch, the whole elastic bushing is pressed into the through hole of the piston, the problems that the bushing of the clearance adjusting device is easily abraded in interference fit with the piston, and interference magnitude cannot be accurately guaranteed are solved, and stable friction force can be provided.

(2) The device is additionally provided with the return spring and integrates the piston return function, so that the structure of the brake is more compact, the device can continuously and automatically compensate the abrasion clearance, the brake stroke is ensured to be constant, the production cost and the maintenance cost of the brake are reduced, and the brake stability and the driving safety are improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an automatic adjustment apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the present invention at A;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the elastomeric bushing of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a brake housing; 2. a resetting device; 3. a spline housing; 4. a friction plate assembly; 41. a dynamic friction plate; 42. a static friction plate; 5. an elastic bushing; 51. a notch; 6. a spacer sleeve; 7. a guide pin; 8. a piston; 9. a hydraulic cylinder; 10. a retainer ring; 11. a return spring; 12. a bushing; 13. fixing the bolt; 14. a gasket; 15. and a through hole.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

Examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The specific embodiment is as follows:

referring to fig. 1-4, an automatic gap adjusting device for a multi-disc wet brake comprises a brake housing 1, a piston 8, a friction plate assembly 4 and a spline housing 3, wherein the piston 8 is arranged and fixedly installed in a cavity inside the brake housing 1, a reset device 2 is arranged in an inner cavity of the piston 8, the reset device 2 is movably connected with the inner wall of the piston 8, a plurality of through holes 15 are formed in the surface of the inner cavity of the piston 8, guide pins 7 are arranged on the surfaces of the through holes 15, the guide pins 7 penetrate through the through holes 15 and are fixedly connected in the brake housing 1, a spacer sleeve 6 is sleeved on the surface of the outer side of each guide pin 7, the spacer sleeve 6 is fixedly connected with the surface of the outer side of each guide pin 7, an elastic bushing 5 is arranged on the outer surface of the spacer sleeve 6 in a clearance fit mode, the elastic bushing 5 is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the spacer sleeve 6, a retainer ring 10 is arranged at the top of the front end of each guide pin 7, the retainer ring 10 is fixedly connected with the top of the front end of each guide pin 7, the spline housing 3 is fixedly installed in the cavity inside the brake housing 1, the friction plate assembly 4 is sleeved on the spline housing 3, and the friction plate assembly 4 is opposite to the reset device 2.

Optionally, in this embodiment, the resetting device 2 includes a fixing bolt 13 and a resetting spring 11, the resetting spring 11 is sleeved and fixedly connected to an outer surface of the fixing bolt 13, a gasket 14 is fixedly installed at a top end position of the fixing bolt 13, a bushing 12 is installed on an outer surface of the gasket 14, the bushing 12 is fixedly installed at a top end of the fixing bolt 13, the fixing bolt 13 passes through the piston 8 and is fixedly connected to the brake housing 1, one end of the resetting spring 11 abuts against an inner cavity surface of the piston 8, and the other end of the resetting spring abuts against the gasket 14.

Alternatively, in this embodiment, the friction plate assembly 4 includes a dynamic friction plate 41 and a static friction plate 42, the dynamic friction plate 41 is sleeved and fixedly installed on the spline housing 3, the static friction plate 42 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the brake housing 1 through the spline housing 3, and the dynamic friction plate 41 and the static friction plate 42 are arranged across each other and can move left and right along the spline housing 3.

It should be noted that a hydraulic cylinder 9 is arranged inside the brake housing 1, one end of the hydraulic cylinder 9 is fixedly connected to the inner end wall of the brake housing 1, the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 9 is fixedly connected to the piston 8, and the piston 8 can move left and right by being pushed by the hydraulic cylinder 9. The hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 9 acts on the piston 8 to cause the piston 8 to move axially, and the dynamic friction plate 41 and the static friction plate 42 are pressed to generate braking torque to realize braking. During repeated braking, the dynamic friction plate 41 and the static friction plate 42 are worn, so that the distance that the piston 8 needs to move during braking is increased, the piston 8 moves axially, and after an initial gap between the piston 8 and the friction plate assembly 4 is eliminated, the friction plate assembly 4 is pressed tightly to generate braking torque.

In addition, the number of the through holes 15 formed in the inner surface of the piston 8 is at least four, the four through holes 15 are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the piston 8, and the four through holes 15 are provided with the guide pins 7, the spacer bushes 6 and the elastic bushings 5. The spacer 6 is internally of a hollow columnar structure, corners at two ends of the spacer 6 and corners of an inner hole are both of a chamfer shape, and the elastic bushing 5 can axially move along the spacer 6. The spacer 6 plays a role in supporting the retainer ring 10, the elastic bushing 5 can move along the axial direction of the spacer 6, and chamfers are arranged at two ends of the spacer 6 to play a role in guiding, so that assembly is facilitated.

More specifically, the elastic bushing 5 is provided with a notch 51 along the axial direction, the elastic bushing 5 is pressed into the through hole 15 on the surface of the piston 8 through the notch 51, and the elastic bushing 5 is formed by bending an elastic steel sheet. The outer diameter of the retainer ring 10 is larger than the inner diameter of the elastic bushing 5 and smaller than the outer diameter of the elastic bushing 5, the return spring 11 is installed between the retainer ring 10 and the bushing 12 and is always in a compressed state, and the elastic bushing 5 is installed in the inner cavity of the piston 8 in an interference mode.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the brake works, the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 9 acts on the piston 8 to cause the piston 8 to move axially, and the dynamic friction plate 41 and the static friction plate 42 are pressed to generate braking torque to realize braking. During repeated braking, the dynamic friction plate 41 and the static friction plate 42 are worn, so that the distance that the piston 8 needs to move during braking is increased, the piston 8 moves axially, and after an initial gap between the piston 8 and the friction plate assembly 4 is eliminated, the friction plate assembly 4 is pressed tightly to generate braking torque. After the brake is repeatedly braked, the friction plate assembly 4 is abraded, and after the piston 8 moves for setting a braking stroke, a gap is still formed between the piston 8 and the friction plate assembly 4, and the gap is an abrasion gap. To generate the braking torque, the piston 8 is moved further until the wear gap is eliminated and the friction lining arrangement 4 is pressed. When the actual braking stroke is larger than the set stroke, the piston 8 drives the elastic bushing 5 to push the retainer ring 10 to the end of the bushing 12, and the set stroke is eliminated. At this time, the thrust for pushing the piston 8 is larger than the friction force between the piston 8 and the elastic bush 5, the piston 8 slides relative to the elastic bush 5, the abrasion gap is eliminated, and the friction plate assembly 4 is pressed tightly to generate the braking torque. When the brake is released, the thrust pushing the piston 8 disappears, and the return spring 11 pushes the retainer ring 10 to drive the elastic bushing 5 and the piston 8 to return. After resetting, the piston 8 moves a distance relative to the initial position, the distance is equal to the wear clearance, and the braking stroke returns to the initial set stroke. Through repeated braking, under the action of the elastic bush 5, the check ring 10 and the return spring 11, the clearance generated by abrasion of the friction plate assembly 4 is automatically compensated, and the braking stroke is kept unchanged.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an automatic adjusting device in clearance for multi-disc wet brake, includes brake housing (1), piston (8), friction disc subassembly (4), spline housing (3), its characterized in that: piston (8) set up and fixed mounting in braking casing (1) inside cavity, piston (8) inner chamber is equipped with resetting means (2), and resetting means (2) and piston (8) inner wall swing joint, several through-hole (15) have been seted up on piston (8) inner chamber surface, through-hole (15) surface is equipped with uide pin (7), and uide pin (7) pass through-hole (15) and fixed connection in braking casing (1), uide pin (7) outside surface cover is equipped with spacer (6), and spacer (6) and uide pin (7) outside fixed surface are connected, spacer (6) surface clearance fit is equipped with elastic bush (5), and elastic bush (5) and spacer (6) surface fixed connection, uide pin (7) front end top position is equipped with retaining ring (10), and retaining ring (10) and uide pin (7) front end top position fixed connection, opposition sleeve (3) fixed mounting is in braking casing (1) inside cavity, friction plate subassembly (4) cover is established, friction plate subassembly (3) and reset means (2) and reset.

2. An automatic gap adjusting apparatus for a multi-disc wet brake according to claim 1, wherein: resetting means (2) are including fixing bolt (13) and reset spring (11), reset spring (11) cover is established and fixed connection is at fixing bolt (13) surface, fixing bolt (13) top position fixed mounting has gasket (14), gasket (14) surface is equipped with axle bush (12), and axle bush (12) fixed mounting is on fixing bolt (13) top, fixing bolt (13) pass piston (8) and fixed connection on braking casing (1), reset spring (11) one end offsets with piston (8) inner chamber surface, and the other end offsets with gasket (14).

3. An automatic gap adjusting apparatus for a multi-disc wet brake according to claim 1, wherein: the friction plate assembly (4) comprises a movable friction plate (41) and a static friction plate (42), the movable friction plate (41) is sleeved and fixedly installed on the spline sleeve (3), the static friction plate (42) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the brake shell (1) through the spline sleeve (3), and the movable friction plate (41) and the static friction plate (42) are mutually arranged in a cross mode and can move left and right along the spline sleeve (3).

4. An automatic gap adjusting apparatus for a multi-disc wet brake according to claim 1, wherein: the brake device is characterized in that a hydraulic cylinder (9) is arranged inside the brake shell (1), one end of the hydraulic cylinder (9) is fixedly connected to the inner end wall of the brake shell (1), the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the piston (8), and the piston (8) can move left and right through the pushing of the hydraulic cylinder (9).

5. An automatic gap adjusting apparatus for a multi-disc wet brake according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the through holes (15) formed in the inner surface of the piston (8) is at least four, the four through holes (15) are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the piston (8), and the four through holes (15) are provided with guide pins (7), spacer bushes (6) and elastic bushings (5).

6. An automatic gap adjusting apparatus for a multi-disc wet brake according to claim 1, wherein: the inside hollow column structure that is of spacer (6), both ends corner and hole corner of spacer (6) all set up to the chamfer shape, elastic bush (5) can carry out axial displacement along spacer (6).

7. An automatic gap adjusting apparatus for a multi-disc wet brake according to claim 1, wherein: a notch (51) is formed in the elastic bushing (5) along the axial direction, the elastic bushing (5) is pressed into the through hole (15) in the surface of the piston (8) through the notch (51) in a sleeved mode, and the elastic bushing (5) is formed by bending an elastic steel sheet.

8. An automatic gap adjusting apparatus for a multi-disc wet brake according to claim 1, wherein: the outer diameter of the retainer ring (10) is larger than the inner diameter of the elastic bushing (5) and smaller than the outer diameter of the elastic bushing (5), the return spring (11) is installed between the retainer ring (10) and the bushing (12) and always positioned on a compression loading platform, and the elastic bushing (5) is installed in an inner cavity of the piston (8) in an interference mode.