CN115539538A - Automatic gap adjusting device for multiple wet brakes - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic gap adjusting device for a multi-disc wet brake, and relates to the technical field of automatic adjusting devices. The elastic bushing is formed by bending an elastic steel sheet, so that the whole elastic bushing has elasticity in the radial direction and can better generate friction with a through hole of the piston, and good automatic gap adjustment is realized; elastic bushing simple structure, be provided with the breach, be convenient for whole elastic bushing impresses in the through-hole of piston, the problem of clearance adjustment device bush and the easy wearing and tearing of piston interference fit, the unable accurate assurance of magnitude of interference has been solved, can provide stable frictional force, reset spring has been increased simultaneously, integrated piston reset function, make the stopper structure compacter, the device can continuously automatic compensation wearing and tearing clearance, guarantee that the braking stroke is unchangeable, the manufacturing cost and the maintenance cost of stopper have been reduced, braking stability and driving safety have been improved.

Description

A gap automatic adjustment device for multi-plate wet brake

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of automatic adjustment devices, in particular to an automatic gap adjustment device for multi-plate wet brakes.

Background technique

Multi-plate wet brakes are widely used in special vehicles with harsh working environment, large braking torque and strong anti-fading ability. Wet brakes achieve braking by hydraulically pushing the piston to compress the friction pair to generate braking torque. As the vehicle needs to be braked frequently during use, the friction pair will continue to wear and tear, resulting in an increase in the braking stroke until the actual required braking stroke exceeds the system set stroke, resulting in brake failure and seriously affecting driving safety. The gap adjustment device involved in the invention can automatically eliminate the wear gap and ensure that the braking stroke remains unchanged.

In the gap adjustment device currently used for wet brakes, the bush and the piston are mostly interference fit. When the friction pair is worn, the piston can slide relative to the bush to eliminate the wear gap; when the piston is reset, the reset force is smaller than the friction force between the bush and the piston, so that the braking stroke remains unchanged. In order to ensure that the reset force of the piston is smaller than the friction force between the bush and the piston, the bush and the piston need to ensure accurate interference, which puts forward higher requirements for parts processing. After the matching size of the bush and the piston is worn out, the interference between the bush and the piston decreases, the friction force decreases, and a constant braking stroke cannot be guaranteed, which will affect driving safety. At the same time, the gap adjustment and the piston reset are realized by two sets of devices respectively, the brake structure is complex, and the space utilization rate is poor.

The gap adjusting device of this invention uses an elastic bush instead of the bush to ensure a stable friction force between the piston and the elastic bush, thereby continuously and automatically compensating for the wear gap and realizing a constant braking stroke. At the same time, the device integrates a reset function, which reduces the number of parts and makes the structure of the brake more compact.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the invention provides an automatic gap adjustment device for multi-disc wet brakes.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the piston is arranged and fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the brake housing, the inner cavity of the piston is provided with a reset device, and the reset device is movably connected with the inner wall of the piston, The surface of the inner cavity of the piston is provided with several through holes, the surface of the through holes is provided with guide pins, and the guide pins pass through the through holes and are fixedly connected in the brake housing, and the outer surface of the guide pins is covered with spacers. And the spacer is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the guide pin, the outer surface of the spacer is fitted with an elastic bushing, and the elastic bush is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the spacer, a retaining ring is provided at the top of the front end of the guide pin, and The retaining ring is fixedly connected to the top position of the front end of the guide pin, the spline sleeve is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the brake housing, the friction plate assembly is sleeved on the spline sleeve, the friction plate assembly and the reset device opposed to each other.

In a feasible solution, the reset device includes a fixing bolt and a return spring, the restoring spring is sheathed and fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fixing bolt, a gasket is fixedly installed at the top of the fixing bolt, and the gasket There is a bushing on the outer surface of the disc, and the bushing is fixedly installed on the top of the fixing bolt. The fixing bolt passes through the piston and is fixedly connected to the brake housing. One end of the return spring is against the surface of the inner cavity of the piston, and the other end is Shims offset.

In a feasible solution, the friction plate assembly includes a dynamic friction plate and a static friction plate, the dynamic friction plate is sheathed and fixedly installed on the spline sleeve, and the static friction plate is fixedly connected to the brake housing through the spline sleeve On the internal wall, the moving friction plates and the static friction plates are arranged crosswise and can move left and right along the spline sleeve.

In a feasible solution, a hydraulic cylinder is provided inside the brake housing, and one end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner end wall of the brake housing, and the other end is fixedly connected to the piston, and the piston is hydraulically The cylinder can be pushed to move left and right.

In a feasible solution, the number of through holes provided on the inner surface of the piston is at least four, and the four through holes are evenly distributed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the piston, and the four through holes are all provided with guide pins, Spacers and elastic bushings.

In a feasible scheme, the interior of the spacer is a hollow columnar structure, the corners at both ends of the spacer and the corners of the inner hole are set in a chamfered shape, and the elastic bush can be axially moved along the spacer. to move.

In a feasible solution, the elastic bush is provided with a notch along the axial position, and the elastic bush is pressed into the through hole on the surface of the piston through the notch sleeve, and the elastic bush is formed by bending an elastic steel sheet .

In a feasible solution, the outer diameter of the retaining ring is larger than the inner diameter of the elastic bushing and smaller than the outer diameter of the elastic bushing, and the return spring is installed between the retaining ring and the bushing, and is always under compression. The above-mentioned elastic bush is installed in the inner cavity of the piston with interference.

The invention provides an automatic gap adjustment device for multi-disc wet brakes. Has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The elastic bushing used in the present invention is formed by bending elastic steel sheets, so that the entire elastic bushing has elasticity in the radial direction, which can better generate friction with the through hole of the piston, thereby achieving a good automatic adjustment of the gap; The elastic bush has a simple structure and is provided with a notch, which is convenient for the entire elastic bush to be pressed into the through hole of the piston, which solves the problem that the interference fit between the bush and the piston of the clearance adjustment device is easy to wear and the interference cannot be guaranteed accurately, and can provide Stable friction.

(2) At the same time, the present invention adds a return spring and integrates the piston return function to make the brake structure more compact. The device can continuously and automatically compensate for the wear gap, ensure that the braking stroke remains unchanged, and reduce the production cost and maintenance cost of the brake. Improved braking stability and driving safety.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the automatic adjustment device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the partially enlarged view of place A of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the elastic bushing of the present invention.

In the figure: 1, brake housing; 2, reset device; 3, spline sleeve; 4, friction plate assembly; 41, dynamic friction plate; 42, static friction plate; 5, elastic bushing; 51, gap; 6, spacer 7, guide pin; 8, piston; 9, hydraulic cylinder; 10, retaining ring; 11, return spring; 12, bushing; 13, fixing bolt; 14, gasket; 15, through hole.

detailed description

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention.

Examples of the described embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals designate like or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Specific examples:

Referring to Figures 1-4, an automatic gap adjustment device for multi-plate wet brakes, including a brake housing 1, a piston 8, a friction plate assembly 4, and a spline sleeve 3, and the piston 8 is set and fixedly mounted on the brake housing In the inner cavity of the body 1, the inner cavity of the piston 8 is provided with a reset device 2, and the reset device 2 is movably connected with the inner wall of the piston 8, and the surface of the inner cavity of the piston 8 is provided with several through holes 15, and the surface of the through holes 15 is provided with guide pins 7, And the guide pin 7 passes through the through hole 15 and is fixedly connected in the brake housing 1. The outer surface of the guide pin 7 is covered with a spacer 6, and the spacer 6 is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the guide pin 7. The outer surface of the spacer 6 is An elastic bushing 5 is arranged in clearance fit, and the elastic bushing 5 is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the spacer 6, and a retaining ring 10 is provided at the top position of the front end of the guide pin 7, and the retaining ring 10 is fixedly connected with the top position of the front end of the guide pin 7. The key sleeve 3 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the brake housing 1 , the friction plate assembly 4 is sleeved on the spline sleeve 3 , and the friction plate assembly 4 and the reset device 2 are opposed to each other.

Optionally, in this embodiment, the reset device 2 includes a fixing bolt 13 and a return spring 11, the return spring 11 is sheathed and fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fixing bolt 13, and a gasket 14 is fixedly installed at the top of the fixing bolt 13, The outer surface of the gasket 14 is provided with a bushing 12, and the bushing 12 is fixedly installed on the top of the fixing bolt 13, the fixing bolt 13 passes through the piston 8 and is fixedly connected to the brake housing 1, and one end of the return spring 11 is connected to the inner cavity of the piston 8 The surface is against, and the other end is against the gasket 14.

Optionally, in this embodiment, the friction plate assembly 4 includes a dynamic friction plate 41 and a static friction plate 42, the dynamic friction plate 41 is sheathed and fixedly mounted on the spline sleeve 3, and the static friction plate 42 is fixedly connected to the spline sleeve 3 On the inner wall of the brake housing 1 , the dynamic friction plates 41 and the static friction plates 42 are arranged to cross each other and can move left and right along the spline sleeve 3 .

It is worth noting that a hydraulic cylinder 9 is provided inside the brake housing 1, and one end of the hydraulic cylinder 9 is fixedly connected to the inner end wall of the brake housing 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the piston 8, and the piston 8 passes through the hydraulic cylinder. 9 Push for left and right movement. The hydraulic pressure inside the hydraulic cylinder 9 acts on the piston 8 to cause the piston 8 to move axially, pressing the dynamic friction plate 41 and the static friction plate 42 to generate braking torque to achieve braking. In the process of repeated braking, the dynamic friction plate 41 and the static friction plate 42 will be worn, which will increase the distance that the piston 8 needs to move during braking, and the piston 8 will move axially to eliminate the initial gap with the friction plate assembly 4 Finally, the friction plate assembly 4 is compressed to generate braking torque.

In addition, the number of through holes 15 provided on the inner surface of the piston 8 is at least four, and the four through holes 15 are evenly distributed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the piston 8. The four through holes 15 are all provided with guide pins 7, spacers 6 and elastic bushings. Set of 5. The inside of the spacer 6 is a hollow columnar structure, and the corners at both ends of the spacer 6 and the corners of the inner hole are chamfered, and the elastic bush 5 can move axially along the spacer 6 . The spacer 6 plays the role of supporting the retaining ring 10, and the elastic bush 5 can move along the axial direction of the spacer 6, and the chamfers at both ends of the spacer 6 play a guiding role, which is convenient for assembly.

More specifically, the elastic bush 5 is provided with a notch 51 along the axial position, and the elastic bush 5 is pressed into the through hole 15 on the surface of the piston 8 through the notch 51. The elastic bush 5 is formed by bending an elastic steel sheet. The outer diameter of the retaining ring 10 is larger than the inner diameter of the elastic bushing 5 and smaller than the outer diameter of the elastic bushing 5. The return spring 11 is installed between the retaining ring 10 and the bushing 12, and is always in a compressed state. The elastic bushing 5 is installed on the Inside the cavity of the piston 8.

Working principle of the present invention: When the brake is working, the liquid pressure inside the hydraulic cylinder 9 acts on the piston 8 to cause the piston 8 to move axially, and press the dynamic friction plate 41 and the static friction plate 42 to generate braking torque to achieve braking. In the process of repeated braking, the dynamic friction plate 41 and the static friction plate 42 will be worn, which will increase the distance that the piston 8 needs to move during braking, and the piston 8 will move axially to eliminate the initial gap with the friction plate assembly 4 Finally, the friction plate assembly 4 is compressed to generate braking torque. After repeated braking by the brake, the friction plate assembly 4 wears out, and after the piston 8 moves to set the braking stroke, there is still a gap between the piston 8 and the friction plate assembly 4, which is the wear gap. In order to generate braking torque, the piston 8 needs to continue to move until the wear gap is eliminated and the friction plate assembly 4 is compressed. When the actual braking stroke is greater than the set stroke, the piston 8 drives the elastic bush 5 to push the retaining ring 10 to the end of the bushing 12 to eliminate the set stroke. At this time, the thrust pushing the piston 8 is greater than the frictional force between the piston 8 and the elastic bushing 5, the piston 8 slides relative to the elastic bushing 5 to eliminate the wear gap, and the friction plate assembly 4 is compressed to generate a braking torque. When the brake is released, the thrust of the piston 8 disappears, and the return spring 11 pushes the retaining ring 10 to drive the elastic bush 5 and the piston 8 to reset. After reset, the piston 8 moves a distance relative to the initial position, which is equal to the wear gap, and the braking stroke returns to the initial set stroke. Through repeated braking, under the action of the elastic bushing 5, retaining ring 10, and return spring 11, the gap caused by the wear of the friction plate assembly 4 is automatically compensated, and the braking stroke remains unchanged.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any person familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention Any equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concepts thereof shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An automatic gap adjustment device for multi-disc wet brakes, comprising a brake housing (1), a piston (8), a friction plate assembly (4), and a spline sleeve (3), characterized in that: the The piston (8) is set and fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the brake housing (1), and the inner cavity of the piston (8) is provided with a reset device (2), and the reset device (2) is movable with the inner wall of the piston (8) connection, the inner surface of the piston (8) is provided with several through holes (15), the surface of the through hole (15) is provided with guide pins (7), and the guide pins (7) pass through the through holes (15) and Fixedly connected in the brake housing (1), the outer surface of the guide pin (7) is covered with a spacer (6), and the spacer (6) is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the guide pin (7), the spacer The outer surface of the sleeve (6) is provided with an elastic bushing (5) in clearance fit, and the elastic bushing (5) is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the spacer sleeve (6), and a stop ring ( 10), and the retaining ring (10) is fixedly connected with the top position of the front end of the guide pin (7), the spline sleeve (3) is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the brake housing (1), and the friction plate assembly ( 4) Set on the spline sleeve (3), the friction plate assembly (4) and the reset device (2) are opposed to each other. 2. An automatic gap adjustment device for multi-plate wet brakes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reset device (2) includes a fixing bolt (13) and a return spring (11), the The return spring (11) is sheathed and fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fixing bolt (13), the top of the fixing bolt (13) is fixed with a gasket (14), and the outer surface of the gasket (14) is provided with a bushing (12), and the bushing (12) is fixedly installed on the top of the fixing bolt (13), the fixing bolt (13) passes through the piston (8) and is fixedly connected to the brake housing (1), the return spring (11) One end is against the inner cavity surface of the piston (8), and the other end is against the gasket (14). 3. An automatic gap adjustment device for multi-plate wet brakes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the friction plate assembly (4) includes a dynamic friction plate (41) and a static friction plate (42), the The dynamic friction plate (41) is sheathed and fixedly installed on the spline sleeve (3), and the static friction plate (42) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the brake housing (1) through the spline sleeve (3). The plates (41) and the static friction plates (42) are arranged crosswise and can move left and right along the spline sleeve (3). 4. An automatic gap adjustment device for multi-disc wet brakes according to claim 1, characterized in that: a hydraulic cylinder (9) is provided inside the brake housing (1), and the hydraulic cylinder (9 ) one end is fixedly connected to the inner end wall of the brake housing (1), and the other end is fixedly connected to the piston (8), and the piston (8) can move left and right by being pushed by the hydraulic cylinder (9). 5. An automatic gap adjustment device for multi-plate wet brakes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of through holes (15) provided on the inner surface of the piston (8) is at least four, and the The four through holes (15) are evenly distributed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the piston (8), and the four through holes (15) are all provided with guide pins (7), spacers (6) and elastic bushes (5). 6. An automatic gap adjustment device for multi-plate wet brakes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inside of the spacer (6) is a hollow columnar structure, and the two ends of the spacer (6) Both the corners and the corners of the inner hole are chamfered, and the elastic bush (5) can move axially along the spacer (6). 7. An automatic gap adjustment device for multi-plate wet brakes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the elastic bush (5) has a gap (51) along the axial position, and the elastic bush (5) The sleeve (5) is pressed into the through hole (15) on the surface of the piston (8) through the notch (51), and the elastic bush (5) is formed by bending an elastic steel sheet. 8. An automatic gap adjustment device for multi-plate wet brakes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer diameter of the retaining ring (10) is larger than the inner diameter of the elastic bush (5) and smaller than the elastic bush The outer diameter of (5), the return spring (11) is installed between the retaining ring (10) and the bushing (12), and is always under compression, and the elastic bushing (5) is installed on the piston ( 8) In the lumen.

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