CN115536279A - Method for preparing foam glass by solid wastes - Google Patents
Method for preparing foam glass by solid wastes Download PDFInfo
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- CN115536279A CN115536279A CN202211227415.3A CN202211227415A CN115536279A CN 115536279 A CN115536279 A CN 115536279A CN 202211227415 A CN202211227415 A CN 202211227415A CN 115536279 A CN115536279 A CN 115536279A
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- 239000011494 foam glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000006063 cullet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical group O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009837 dry grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000156 glass melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Fe] XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004127 vitreous body Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C11/00—Multi-cellular glass ; Porous or hollow glass or glass particles
- C03C11/007—Foam glass, e.g. obtained by incorporating a blowing agent and heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
- C03B19/06—Other methods of shaping glass by sintering, e.g. by cold isostatic pressing of powders and subsequent sintering, by hot pressing of powders, by sintering slurries or dispersions not undergoing a liquid phase reaction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing foam glass by solid waste, which specifically comprises the following steps: (1) Uniformly mixing the water-quenched slag, the magnesium reducing slag and the cullet, and performing ball milling and sieving by a 150-mesh sieve; (2) pretreating the mixture; (3) Mixing the treated mixture, a foaming agent, a fluxing agent, a composite pore-forming agent, high-strength high-temperature-resistant fibers and a foam stabilizer, and performing ball milling to obtain a mixture; (4) melting the ingredients; (5) Cooling to 450-700 deg.C, and naturally cooling; (6) After cooling, the mixture is sent into a ball mill for grinding, crushing and sieving; (5) Pressing and molding the powder subjected to ball milling or filling the powder into a heat-resistant mold, sintering the powder in a sintering furnace, and rapidly cooling to obtain foam glass; the preparation method is simple and feasible, various solid wastes are taken as raw materials, resources can be effectively and comprehensively utilized, obvious economic and environmental benefits are achieved, and the prepared foam glass is good in mechanical property and high in strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of foam glass, in particular to a method for preparing foam glass from solid waste, and belongs to the technical field of solid waste disposal and recycling.
Background
The solid waste refers to solid and muddy substances discarded in production and living activities by human beings, and is called as solid waste, which is called as solid waste for short. The solid waste is of various types, and the solid waste is generally classified into its types according to its properties, forms, and sources. For example, they can be classified into organic and inorganic substances according to their properties; can be divided into solid (block, granular and powdery) and muddy according to the shape; they can be classified by their source into mining, industrial, municipal, agricultural and radioactive. The energy-saving and environment-friendly industry ranks the first of strategic emerging industries in China, and the treatment and utilization of solid wastes are also developed in a spanning manner.
The foam glass is a uniform closed-cell material with high porosity and formed by foaming after high-temperature melting. The foam glass has the characteristics of small density, low water absorption, small thermal expansion coefficient, high mechanical strength and the like, can be used as an inorganic heat-insulating and flame-retardant material, and has the characteristics of no toxicity, high temperature resistance, flame retardance, no aging, easy construction, easy bonding, firm bonding, seepage prevention, no later maintenance cost and the like.
The raw materials for producing the foam glass mainly comprise waste glass, glass fiber waste silk, slag, fly ash and the like, and the waste is generally discarded or simply buried, so that a large amount of resources are wasted, and great harm is brought to the environment. The preparation and application of the foam glass open up an effective way for digesting the solid wastes, so that social resources can be recycled, and the problem of environmental pollution caused by solid wastes is better solved. Therefore, the foam glass, a novel low-cost, green, energy-saving and environment-friendly product, can play an important role in the revolution of novel wall materials in China.
Patent CN104788011B discloses a high silicon iron tailing foam glass ceramics and a production method thereof, wherein the foam glass ceramics is prepared by taking high silicon tailings as a main raw material and adding a mixture of calcium carbonate and carbon powder as a foaming agent. The method has the advantages of single solid waste, high energy consumption and high production cost, and the microcrystalline glass needs to be subjected to heat preservation treatment.
Patent CN107673586B provides a method for preparing foam glass from solid waste, which contains organic solid waste and inorganic solid waste as raw materials of the solid waste, and multiple solid wastes as raw materials, and the prepared foam glass has uniform bubbles, low thermal conductivity, good flame retardant property, but poor flexural strength and mechanical properties.
Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a method for preparing foam glass, which can overcome the above defects, and the technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the method for preparing the foam glass by using the solid wastes is provided aiming at the defects in the prior art, the preparation method is simple and feasible, a plurality of solid wastes are used as raw materials, the resources can be effectively and comprehensively utilized, the economic and environmental benefits are obvious, and the prepared foam glass has good mechanical properties and high strength.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method for preparing foam glass by solid wastes specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing water quenching slag, magnesium reducing slag and cullet, and ball-milling and sieving with a 150-mesh sieve;
(2) Heating the mixture to 650-700 ℃ at the heating rate of 5-8 ℃ for pretreatment;
(3) Mixing the treated mixture, a foaming agent, a fluxing agent, a composite pore-forming agent, high-strength high-temperature-resistant fibers and a foam stabilizer, putting the mixture into a high-speed vibration ball mill, and performing dry-grinding and uniform mixing for 2-10min to obtain a mixture;
(4) Melting the ingredients at 1300-1400 deg.C for 10-20min;
(5) Cooling to 450-700 deg.C, and naturally cooling;
(6) After cooling, sending the mixture into a ball mill for grinding and crushing, sieving the ground mixture by an 80-mesh sieve, and collecting sieved powder;
(5) Pressing and molding the powder subjected to ball milling or filling the powder into a heat-resistant mold, and sintering the powder in a sintering furnace, wherein the sintering system is as follows:
a preheating stage, wherein the room temperature is 280 ℃, the heating rate is 7-15 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept at 320 ℃ for 10min;
a rapid heating-up stage, wherein the temperature is 320-750 ℃, and the heating-up rate is 15-20 ℃/min;
a heat preservation sintering stage, wherein the temperature is 750-sintering temperature, the heating rate is 5-7 ℃/min, the sintering temperature is 800-1000 ℃, and the constant temperature preservation time is 20-50 min;
and in the cooling stage, the sintering temperature is 500 ℃ below zero, the cooling rate is 10-20 ℃/min, and the foam glass can be rapidly cooled below 500 ℃ to obtain the foam glass.
The invention further defines the technical scheme as follows:
in the method for preparing the foam glass by using the solid wastes, the foam glass comprises the following components in parts by mass: water quenching slag: 10-20%, magnesium reducing slag: 35-45%, cosolvent: 2-6%, foaming agent: 1-2%, foam stabilizer: 4-6%, composite pore-forming agent: 5-7%, high-strength high-temperature resistant fiber: 4-7 percent of glass cullet and the balance of the glass cullet, wherein the sum of the components is 100 percent.
In the method for preparing the foam glass by using the solid wastes, the composite pore-forming agent is zeolite, sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate which are mixed in equal proportion; the cosolvent is Na 2 B 4 O 7 ·5H 2 O or barium carbonate; the foam stabilizer is trisodium phosphate.
Compared with a sample using zeolite as a single pore-forming agent, the composite pore-forming agent can reduce the volume density of the sample and improve the porosity of the sample, and when the volume density is approximately the same, the flexural strength of the foam glass prepared by using zeolite, sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate as the pore-forming agents is 6-7 times that of the foam glass prepared by using the traditional pore-forming agent.
In the method for preparing the foam glass by solid waste, the cullet is one or a mixture of more of waste patterned glass, waste flat glass, waste bottle and jar glass and waste ray tube glass.
In the method for preparing the foam glass by using the solid wastes, the foaming agent is carbon black and H which are mixed in equal proportion 3 BO 3 A mixture of (a).
The technical effect is that the carbon black has a foam stabilizing effect besides a foaming effect, and because the carbon black and the liquid glass have small chemical affinity, the carbon black is not soaked by the glass, so that the interface energy is reduced, and the stability of air holes is facilitated; carbon blackIs difficult to be mixed with glass powder uniformly, and is easy to cause macropores and communicating pores by only taking carbon black as a foaming agent, so that B can be generated when borate is added for decomposition 2 O 3 B has a network-forming action and forms [ BO ] in the vitreous body 4 ]Tetrahedron and [ SiO ] 4 ]Tetrahedrons together forming a network structure to repair broken small-sized [ SiO ] 4 ]The tetrahedra, which increases the degree of network connectivity and increases the degree of polymerization of the melt, correspondingly increases the viscosity of the glass melt, and stabilizes foaming by retarding the rate of wall thinning.
In the method for preparing the foam glass by using the solid waste, the water quenching slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Al 2 O 3 :10-13%，MgO：1-3%，Fe 2 O 3 :5-7%，CaO:17-19%，Na 2 O：1-1.5%，K 2 O：1-2%，TiO 2 :0.2-0.7%，P 2 O 5 0.1-0.2 percent of the rest is SiO 2 The sum of the above components is 100%.
In the method for preparing the foam glass by using the solid wastes, the cullet in the step (1) is cleaned, dried, ball-milled and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve before being mixed.
In the method for preparing the foam glass by the solid wastes, the high-strength high-temperature-resistant fiber adopts mullite fiber, high-silica fiber, siC fiber or Si fiber with the diameter of 0.04mm and the length of 20-100mm 3 N 4 A fiber.
The technical effect is that the high-strength high-temperature resistant fiber is used as a reinforcing agent, wherein the requirement on the fiber is that the fiber is not deformed at the foaming temperature; the high-strength high-temperature-resistant fiber provided by the invention does not react with glass powder and additives, can exist at normal temperature for a long time, and has good chemical stability and excellent chemical performance 3 N 4 The fibers with high fire resistance and high strength are added into the fiber and the foam glass, which is beneficial to improving the mechanical property of the foam glass. Therefore, the foam glass prepared by the invention has high mechanical strength, wider application range than common foam glass and long service life.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the solid waste material of the present invention is not limited to a solid waste. According to the characteristics of solid waste, the solid waste is reasonably utilized, the production cost is reduced, and the economic benefit and the environmental benefit are improved.
The water quenching slag is waste slag generated by a cyclone furnace of a power plant, a large amount of waste slag is generated by chemical enterprises besides the power plant in the cyclone furnace used in China every year, and most of the waste slag is accumulated to occupy the land and is stored except a small part of waste slag used for cement fillers and pavement building materials. The foam glass prepared by taking the liquid waste slag as the raw material not only realizes reasonable development and utilization of the water-quenched slag, but also can greatly reduce the energy consumption brought in the production process of the foam glass by directly preparing the foam glass by taking the water-quenched slag as the raw material.
The magnesium reducing slag contains CaO and SiO 2 And MgO and the like, and can meet the basic requirements of preparing the foam glass. Meanwhile, the glass powder, the fluxing agent and the like can reduce the softening temperature and the alkalinity of the magnesium reducing slag, and the technological conditions required by preparation are achieved.
The adding proportion of the magnesium reducing slag is strictly controlled, 40 percent, when the mixing amount of the magnesium reducing slag is small, the compressive strength of the foam glass is low, the water absorption is large, and the application in practical engineering is limited; when the mixing amount is large, the apparent density and the water absorption are too large, the acid resistance is poor, and the application requirements cannot be met; in the experiment, when the mixing amount is 34%, the performance of the foam glass is optimal, the water absorption rate is 0.52%, the compressive strength is 26.4MPa, the porosity is 84.5%, the mass change rate in acid liquor is 0.64%, and the surface pores of the foam glass are distributed uniformly, so that the industrial application requirements can be met.
The foam glass prepared by the invention has the thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.01-0.92W/(m.K), the flame retardant property is tested according to GB/T5464-2010, the temperature rise in a furnace is not more than 50 ℃, the mass loss rate is not more than 50%, and the sustained combustion time is not more than 20s. The inorganic heat-insulating material can be used as an inorganic heat-insulating material, has the characteristics of no toxicity, high temperature resistance, flame retardance, no aging, easy construction, firm bonding, seepage prevention and no later maintenance cost, and realizes the cooperative treatment and high-value utilization of various solid wastes.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for preparing foam glass by solid waste, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing the water-quenched slag, the magnesium reducing slag and the cullet, and performing ball milling and sieving by a 150-mesh sieve;
the cullet is selected from one or more of waste patterned glass, waste flat glass, waste bottle glass and waste tube glass;
(2) Heating the mixture to 650 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃ for pretreatment;
(3) Mixing the treated mixture, a foaming agent, a fluxing agent, a composite pore-forming agent, high-strength high-temperature-resistant fibers and a foam stabilizer, putting the mixture into a high-speed vibration ball mill, and performing dry-grinding and uniform mixing, wherein the ball-milling time is 10min, so as to obtain a mixture;
the composite pore-forming agent is zeolite, sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate which are mixed in equal proportion; the cosolvent is Na 2 B 4 O 7 ·5H 2 O; the foam stabilizer is trisodium phosphate; the foaming agent is carbon black and H which are mixed in equal proportion 3 BO 3 A mixture of (a);
the high-strength high-temperature resistant fiber is mullite fiber with the diameter of 0.04mm and the length of 20 mm;
(4) Melting the ingredients at 1300 deg.C for 20min;
(5) Cooling to 450 deg.c and cooling naturally;
(6) After cooling, sending the mixture into a ball mill for grinding and crushing, sieving the ground mixture by an 80-mesh sieve, and collecting sieved powder;
(5) Pressing and molding the powder subjected to ball milling or filling the powder into a heat-resistant mold, and sintering the powder in a sintering furnace, wherein the sintering system is as follows:
a preheating stage, wherein the room temperature is 280 ℃, the heating rate is 7 ℃/min, and the temperature is maintained for 10min at 320 ℃;
a rapid heating-up stage, wherein the temperature is 320-750 ℃, and the heating-up rate is 15 ℃/min;
a heat preservation sintering stage, wherein the temperature is 750-sintering temperature, the heating rate is 5 ℃/min, the sintering temperature is 800 ℃, and the constant temperature preservation time is 30min;
and in the cooling stage, the sintering temperature is between 500 ℃ and 10 ℃/min, the foam glass can be rapidly cooled below 500 ℃ to obtain the foam glass, the water absorption rate is 0.73 percent, the compressive strength is 28.6MPa, and the porosity is 87.9 percent.
In this embodiment: quenching slag: 10%, magnesium reducing slag: 45%, cosolvent: 2%, foaming agent: 2%, foam stabilizer: 4%, composite pore-forming agent: 7%, high-strength high-temperature resistant fiber: 4 percent of cullet, and the balance of cullet, wherein the sum of the components is 100 percent.
In this embodiment, the water-quenched slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Al 2 O 3 :10%，MgO：3%，Fe 2 O 3 :5%，CaO:19%，Na 2 O：1%，K 2 O：2%，TiO 2 :0.2%，P 2 O 5 0.2 percent, and the balance being SiO 2 The sum of the above components is 100%.
In this example, the cullet from step (1) was washed, dried, ball milled and sieved through a 200 mesh screen before mixing.
The invention strictly controls the amount of the components, when the mixing amount of the foaming agent is too small, foam glass has small foam holes and large apparent density, when the mixing amount is too large, communicating holes appear, the foaming is not uniform, and the water absorption is high; when the mixing amount of the foam stabilizer is too small, long and narrow large bubbles are formed, and when the mixing amount is too large, large bubbles are generated, so that the foaming is not uniform, and the water absorption of the foam glass is high; when no fluxing agent is added or the mixing amount is too small, the foam glass has low sintering degree, generates more open pores, has large apparent density, has uneven foaming when the mixing amount is too large, and has low compressive strength and high water absorption. When the cosolvent: 2%, foaming agent: 2%, foam stabilizer: 4 percent, and the foam glass has the best comprehensive performance.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for preparing foam glass by solid waste, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing water quenching slag, magnesium reducing slag and cullet, and ball-milling and sieving with a 150-mesh sieve;
the cullet is selected from one or more of waste patterned glass, waste flat glass, waste bottle glass and waste tube glass;
(2) Heating the mixture to 700 ℃ at the heating rate of 8 ℃ for pretreatment;
(3) Mixing the treated mixture, a foaming agent, a fluxing agent, a composite pore-forming agent, high-strength high-temperature-resistant fibers and a foam stabilizer, putting the mixture into a high-speed vibration ball mill, and performing dry-milling and uniform mixing for 2min to obtain a mixture;
the composite pore-forming agent is zeolite, sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate which are mixed in equal proportion; the cosolvent is barium carbonate; the foam stabilizer is trisodium phosphate; the foaming agent is carbon black and H which are mixed in equal proportion 3 BO 3 A mixture of (a);
the high-strength high-temperature resistant fiber is high silica fiber with the diameter of 0.04mm and the length of 100 mm;
(4) Melting the ingredients at 1400 deg.C for 10min;
(5) Cooling to 700 deg.C, and naturally cooling;
(6) After cooling, sending the mixture into a ball mill for grinding and crushing, sieving the ground mixture by an 80-mesh sieve, and collecting sieved powder;
(5) Pressing and molding the powder subjected to ball milling or filling the powder into a heat-resistant mold, and sintering the powder in a sintering furnace, wherein the sintering system is as follows:
a preheating stage, wherein the room temperature is 280 ℃, the heating rate is 15 ℃/min, and the temperature is maintained for 10min at 320 ℃;
a rapid heating-up stage, wherein the temperature is 320-750 ℃, and the heating-up rate is 20 ℃/min;
a heat preservation sintering stage, wherein the temperature is 750-sintering temperature, the heating rate is 7 ℃/min, the sintering temperature is 1000 ℃, and the constant temperature preservation time is 20min;
and in the cooling stage, the sintering temperature is between 500 ℃ and the cooling rate is 20 ℃/min, the foam glass can be rapidly cooled below 500 ℃ to obtain the foam glass, the water absorption rate is 0.62%, the compressive strength is 27.9MPa, and the porosity is 81.9%. .
In this embodiment: quenching slag: 20%, magnesium reducing slag: 35%, cosolvent: 6%, foaming agent: 1% and foam stabilizer: 6%, composite pore-forming agent: 5%, high-strength high-temperature resistant fiber: 7 percent of glass cullet, and the sum of the components is 100 percent.
In this embodiment, the water-quenched slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Al 2 O 3 :13%，MgO：1%，Fe 2 O 3 :7%，CaO:17%，Na 2 O：1.5%，K 2 O：1%，TiO 2 ：0.7%，P 2 O 5 0.1 percent, and the balance being SiO 2 The sum of the above components is 100%.
In this example, the cullet from step (1) was washed, dried, and ball milled through a 200 mesh screen before mixing.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for preparing foam glass by solid wastes, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing water quenching slag, magnesium reducing slag and cullet, and ball-milling and sieving with a 150-mesh sieve;
the cullet is selected from one or more of waste patterned glass, waste flat glass, waste bottle glass and waste tube glass;
(2) Heating the mixture to 680 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-8 ℃ for pretreatment;
(3) Mixing the treated mixture, a foaming agent, a fluxing agent, a composite pore-forming agent, high-strength high-temperature-resistant fibers and a foam stabilizer, putting the mixture into a high-speed vibration ball mill, and performing dry-grinding and uniform mixing for 5min to obtain a mixture;
the composite pore-forming agent is zeolite, sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate which are mixed in equal proportion; the cosolvent is barium carbonate; the foam stabilizer is trisodium phosphate; the foaming agent is carbon black and H which are mixed in equal proportion 3 BO 3 A mixture of (a);
the high-strength high-temperature resistant fiber is Si3N4 fiber with the diameter of 0.04mm and the length of 70 mm;
(4) Melting the ingredients at 135 ℃ for 15in;
(5) Cooling to 580 deg.C, and naturally cooling;
(6) After cooling, sending the mixture into a ball mill for grinding and crushing, sieving the ground mixture by an 80-mesh sieve, and collecting sieved powder;
(5) Pressing and molding the powder subjected to ball milling or filling the powder into a heat-resistant mold, and sintering the powder in a sintering furnace, wherein the sintering system is as follows:
a preheating stage, wherein the room temperature is 280 ℃, the heating rate is 9 ℃/min, and the temperature is maintained at 320 ℃ for 10min;
a rapid heating-up stage, wherein the temperature is 320-750 ℃, and the heating-up rate is 18 ℃/min;
a heat preservation sintering stage, wherein the temperature is 750-sintering temperature, the heating rate is 6 ℃/min, the sintering temperature is 900 ℃, and the constant temperature preservation time is 50min;
and in the cooling stage, the sintering temperature is between 500 ℃ and the cooling rate is 15 ℃/min, the foam glass can be rapidly cooled below 500 ℃ to obtain the foam glass, the water absorption rate is 0.52 percent, the compressive strength is 26.4MPa, and the porosity is 84.5 percent.
In this embodiment: quenching slag: 15%, magnesium reducing slag: 40%, cosolvent: 4%, foaming agent: 2%, foam stabilizer: 5%, composite pore-forming agent: 6%, high-strength high-temperature resistant fiber: 5 percent, and the balance being cullet, the sum of the above components being 100 percent.
In this embodiment, the water-quenched slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Al 2 O 3 :11%，MgO：2%，Fe 2 O 3 :6%，CaO:18%，Na 2 O：1.2%，K 2 O：2%，TiO 2 :0.5%，P 2 O 5 0.1 percent, and the balance being SiO 2 The sum of the above components is 100%.
In this example, the cullet from step (1) was washed, dried, and ball milled through a 200 mesh screen before mixing.
In the above embodiment, the magnesium reducing slag includes, by mass: siO 2 2 :25-30%，Al 2 O 3 :1-2%，MgO：7-9%，Fe 2 O 3 5-7 percent of CaO, and the balance of CaO, wherein the sum of the above components is 100 percent.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The method for preparing the foam glass by using the solid wastes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing the water-quenched slag, the magnesium reducing slag and the cullet, and performing ball milling and sieving by a 150-mesh sieve;
(2) Heating the mixture to 650-700 ℃ at the heating rate of 5-8 ℃ for pretreatment;
(3) Mixing the treated mixture, a foaming agent, a fluxing agent, a composite pore-forming agent, high-strength high-temperature-resistant fibers and a foam stabilizer, putting the mixture into a high-speed vibration ball mill, and performing dry-milling and uniform mixing for 2-10min to obtain a mixture;
(4) Melting the ingredients at 1300-1400 deg.C for 10-20min;
(5) Cooling to 450-700 deg.c and natural cooling;
(6) After cooling, sending the mixture into a ball mill for grinding and crushing, sieving the ground mixture by an 80-mesh sieve, and collecting sieved powder;
(5) Pressing and molding the powder subjected to ball milling or filling the powder into a heat-resistant mold, and sintering the powder in a sintering furnace, wherein the sintering system is as follows:
a preheating stage, wherein the room temperature is 280 ℃, the heating rate is 7-15 ℃/min, and the temperature is maintained at 320 ℃ for 10min;
a rapid heating-up stage, wherein the temperature is 320-750 ℃, and the heating-up rate is 15-20 ℃/min;
a heat preservation sintering stage, wherein the temperature is 750-sintering temperature, the heating rate is 5-7 ℃/min, the sintering temperature is 800-1000 ℃, and the constant temperature preservation time is 20-50 min;
and in the cooling stage, the sintering temperature is 500 ℃ below zero, the cooling rate is 10-20 ℃/min, and the foam glass can be rapidly cooled below 500 ℃ to obtain the foam glass.
2. The method for preparing foam glass by solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the foam glass comprises the following components in parts by weight: the water quenching slag: 10-20%, magnesium reducing slag: 35-45%, cosolvent: 2-6%, foaming agent: 1-2%, foam stabilizer: 4-6%, composite pore-forming agent: 5-7%, high-strength high-temperature resistant fiber: 4-7 percent of glass cullet, and the sum of the components is 100 percent.
3. The method for preparing foam glass by solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the composite pore-forming agent is zeolite, sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate which are mixed in equal proportion; the cosolvent is Na 2 B 4 O 7 ·5H 2 O or barium carbonate; the foam stabilizer is trisodium phosphate.
4. The method for preparing foam glass by using solid wastes as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cullet is selected from one or more of waste patterned glass, waste flat glass, waste bottle glass and waste tube glass.
5. The method for preparing foam glass by using solid wastes as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the foaming agent is a mixture of carbon black and H3BO3 which are mixed in equal proportion.
6. The method for preparing foam glass by solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the water-quenched slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Al 2 O 3 :10-13%，MgO：1-3%，Fe 2 O3:5-7%，CaO:17-19%，Na 2 O：1-1.5%，K 2 O：1-2%，TiO 2 :0.2-0.7%，P 2 O 5 0.1-0.2 percent of the rest is SiO 2 The sum of the above components is 100%.
7. The method for preparing foam glass by using solid wastes as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (2) cleaning the cullet in the step (1) before mixing, drying, and ball-milling and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve.
8. The method for preparing foam glass by using solid wastes as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the high-strength high-temperature resistant fiber adopts mullite fiber, high-silica fiber, siC fiber or Si fiber with the diameter of 0.04mm and the length of 20-100mm 3 N 4 And (3) fibers.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101302077A (en) * | 2008-06-06 | 2008-11-12 | 西安交通大学 | Method for directly producing foamed glass by using slag tapping boil slag |
| CN102167517A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-08-31 | 陕西科技大学 | Preparation method of high-strength porous glass |
| CN103508672A (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2014-01-15 | 王金山 | Technology for producing foam glass from waste glass |
| CN104058590A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-09-24 | 太原理工大学 | Method for preparing foam glass by using magnesium reduction slags |
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- 2022-10-09 CN CN202211227415.3A patent/CN115536279A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101302077A (en) * | 2008-06-06 | 2008-11-12 | 西安交通大学 | Method for directly producing foamed glass by using slag tapping boil slag |
| CN102167517A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-08-31 | 陕西科技大学 | Preparation method of high-strength porous glass |
| CN103508672A (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2014-01-15 | 王金山 | Technology for producing foam glass from waste glass |
| CN104058590A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-09-24 | 太原理工大学 | Method for preparing foam glass by using magnesium reduction slags |
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Application publication date: 20221230 |