CN115535865B - Transportation method based on gantry crane - Google Patents
Transportation method based on gantry crane Download PDFInfo
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- CN115535865B CN115535865B CN202211314516.4A CN202211314516A CN115535865B CN 115535865 B CN115535865 B CN 115535865B CN 202211314516 A CN202211314516 A CN 202211314516A CN 115535865 B CN115535865 B CN 115535865B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 195
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C19/00—Cranes comprising trolleys or crabs running on fixed or movable bridges or gantries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/12—Slings comprising chains, wires, ropes, or bands; Nets
- B66C1/14—Slings with hooks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
- B66C13/08—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for depositing loads in desired attitudes or positions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C9/00—Travelling gear incorporated in or fitted to trolleys or cranes
- B66C9/14—Trolley or crane travel drives
Abstract
The invention discloses a transportation method based on a gantry crane, wherein the transportation method comprises the following steps of exploring a foundation for an operation site of the gantry crane, and installing the gantry crane in a foundation layer with pressure bearing property; the operation range of the gantry crane comprises a wellhead of a tunnel and a material area; according to the shape of the material, adopting a hoisting style corresponding to the material, wherein the hoisting style is used for the long-strip material; the hoisting mode comprises single-point hoisting, two-point hoisting and three-point hoisting; when the length of the material is greater than the width of the wellhead, single-point hoisting is adopted; when the length-to-height ratio of the materials is 2-6:1, two-point hoisting is adopted; when the length-height ratio of the materials is 7-10:1, three-point hoisting is adopted; the lifting mode meets the lifting of most materials, the corresponding lifting mode is selected according to the length-height proportion of the materials, the single-point lifting, the two-point lifting and the three-point lifting realize the stability of transported materials, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that the materials are broken is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of subway construction transportation, in particular to a transportation method based on a gantry crane.
Background
Along with urban development, subways become one of the main modes for relieving traffic pressure, and urban subway construction is also fully spread. The gantry crane is used as a modern tunnel engineering construction machine and plays an irreplaceable role in subway construction. As an indispensable link of transportation construction, the transportation operation of the gantry crane is realized, and the transportation operation has the characteristics of strong specialization, high risk, multiple limiting factors and the like.
In the transportation process of the existing gantry crane, in order to pursue transportation efficiency, research on lifting patterns is often neglected, so that the lifting rope is not connected with materials stably enough, the danger of high-altitude throwing is caused, meanwhile, the positions of lifting points of the lifting rope and the materials are neglected, and if the positions of the lifting points are unreasonable, the materials can be broken due to dead weight.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a transportation method based on a gantry crane, which aims to improve the stability of transported materials in the hoisting process.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the transportation method based on the gantry crane provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step S1: the method comprises the steps of exploring a foundation of an operation site for the gantry crane, installing the gantry crane in the foundation layer with pressure bearing property, wherein the operation range of the gantry crane comprises a wellhead of the tunnel and a material area;
step S2: according to the shape of the material, adopting a lifting pattern corresponding to the material, wherein the lifting pattern is used for the strip-shaped material; the hoisting mode comprises single-point hoisting, two-point hoisting and three-point hoisting;
(1) When the length of the material is larger than the width of the wellhead, the single-point hoisting is adopted;
(2) When the length-to-height ratio of the materials is 2-6:1 and the length of the materials is smaller than the width of the wellhead, hoisting by adopting the two points;
(3) When the length-to-height ratio of the materials is 7-10:1 and the length of the materials is smaller than the width of the wellhead, hoisting by adopting the three-point type hoisting device; the length of the material comprises the longest edge of the material and one edge perpendicular to the longest edge;
step S3: the operation site is provided with a track for the transverse movement of the gantry crane, a beam of the gantry crane is provided with a driving mechanism for longitudinal movement, the driving mechanism is provided with a pulley assembly for vertical transportation, the pulley assembly comprises a plurality of pulleys and a lifting rope, and the pulleys are connected with the lifting rope; the driving mechanism is longitudinally moved to a material area, the materials are bound by adopting the corresponding hoisting mode, the pulley assemblies hoist the materials to a preset height, the gantry crane transversely moves the materials to the upper part of the wellhead, and the gantry crane vertically transports the materials to the inside of the tunnel.
Preferably, the single-point hoisting adopts the one hoisting rope to bind the material so as to form a first action point; the first action point is located on the longest side of the material, and a distance formula between the first action point and the end part of the material is as follows:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,the distance between the first action point and the nearest end of the material is L, and the length of the longest edge of the material is L.
Preferably, the two-point hoisting adopts the two hoisting ropes to bind the material so as to form two second action points; the two second action points are respectively positioned at two ends of the longest side of the material, and a distance formula between the second action points and the end parts of the material is as follows:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,is the distance between the second point of action and the nearest end of the material.
Preferably, the three-point hoisting adopts the three hoisting ropes to bind the material so as to form three third action points; one of the third action points is positioned at the center of the longest side of the material, the remaining two third action points are respectively positioned at the two ends of the longest side of the material, and the distance formula between the remaining third action points and the end parts of the material is as follows:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,is the distance between the remaining third point of action and the nearest end of the material.
Preferably, before laying the track, the method further comprises the steps of: the foundation under the track is replaced, and the replacement range comprises a depth of more than 2m below the track; and a width of 1m from the outer end of the track.
Preferably, the transportation method further comprises layered filling, wherein the thickness of each layer of filling is 25 cm-30 cm, each layer of filling comprises a first part and a second part, the first part is overlapped with the second part, and overlapping points of two adjacent layers of filling bases are arranged in an staggered manner.
Preferably, sedimentation points used for monitoring are arranged on the periphery of the track, and initial values of the sedimentation points are recorded by monitoring equipment; the transportation method further comprises the following steps:
during the use of the gantry crane, the settlement point is observed by adopting the monitoring equipment, the monitoring equipment is arranged far away from the operation site, and the distance between the monitoring equipment and the operation site is more than 20m; and when the difference between the observed detection value and the initial value is larger than the preset range value, immediately stopping the hoisting operation.
Preferably, the transportation method further comprises the steps of:
monitoring the sedimentation point position once every 6-8 days, continuously monitoring for three times, and monitoring the sedimentation point position once every 25-25 days instead of monitoring the sedimentation point position once every time the detection values are consistent.
Preferably, a protection pad for protecting the lifting rope or the material is arranged between the lifting rope and the material.
Preferably, the transportation method further comprises the steps of: and cleaning obstacles in the working range of the gantry crane, wherein the obstacles comprise cables, fences and temporary construction equipment.
According to the technical scheme, the gantry crane is installed in the foundation layer with pressure bearing property by exploring the foundation of the operation site for the gantry crane; because the gantry crane needs to transport heavier materials, after exploring the foundation of the operation site of the gantry crane, finding out a foundation layer suitable for installing the gantry crane, and avoiding the phenomenon of collapse of the gantry crane in the use process; the operation range of the gantry crane comprises a wellhead and a material area of the tunnel, so that the operation range of the gantry crane meets the requirement of material transportation construction; according to the shape of the material, adopting a lifting pattern corresponding to the material, wherein the lifting pattern is used for the strip-shaped material; the hoisting mode comprises single-point hoisting, two-point hoisting and three-point hoisting; when the length of the material is larger than the width of the wellhead, the single-point hoisting is adopted; when the length-to-height ratio of the materials is 2-6:1 and the length of the materials is smaller than the width of the wellhead, hoisting by adopting the two points; when the length-to-height ratio of the materials is 7-10:1 and the length of the materials is smaller than the width of the wellhead, hoisting by adopting the three-point type hoisting device; the length of the material comprises the longest edge of the material and one edge perpendicular to the longest edge; the lifting mode meets the lifting of most materials, the corresponding lifting mode is selected according to the length-height proportion of the materials, the single-point lifting, the two-point lifting and the three-point lifting realize the stability of transported materials, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that the materials are broken is avoided. The operation site is provided with a track for the transverse movement of the gantry crane, a beam of the gantry crane is provided with a driving mechanism for longitudinal movement, the driving mechanism is provided with a pulley assembly for vertical transportation, the pulley assembly comprises a plurality of pulleys and a lifting rope, and the pulleys are connected with the lifting rope; the driving mechanism is longitudinally moved to a material area, the materials are bound by adopting the corresponding hoisting mode, the pulley assembly lifts the materials to a preset height, the gantry crane transversely moves the materials to the upper part of the wellhead, and the gantry crane vertically transports the materials to the inside of the tunnel, so that the transportation of the materials is completed, the reliability of the connection between the materials and the lifting rope can be improved, and the danger of high-altitude throwing is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a gantry crane-based transportation method according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of hoisting an embodiment of a gantry crane-based transportation method according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a second schematic view of hoisting an embodiment of a gantry crane-based transportation method according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a third hoisting schematic diagram of an embodiment of a gantry crane-based transportation method according to the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
| reference numerals | Name of the name | Reference numerals | Name of the name |
| 1 | Portal crane | 6 | Material |
| 2 | Cross beam | 7 | Wellhead |
| 3 | Driving mechanism | 8 | Foundation |
| 4 | Motor with a motor housing | 9 | Tunnel |
| 41 | Rail track | 100 | First point of action |
| 5 | Pulley assembly | 200 | Second point of action |
| 51 | Lifting rope | 300 | Third point of action |
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, if a directional indication (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) is involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indication is merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement condition, etc. between the components in a specific posture, and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indication is correspondingly changed.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, if "and/or" and/or "are used throughout, the meaning includes three parallel schemes, for example," a and/or B "including a scheme, or B scheme, or a scheme where a and B are satisfied simultaneously. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
The invention provides a transportation method based on a gantry crane 1. Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in a first embodiment of the present invention, the transportation method based on the gantry crane 1 includes the following steps:
step S1: a foundation 8 for the working site of the gantry crane 1 is explored, and the gantry crane 1 is installed in the foundation 8 layer with pressure bearing property; the foundation 8 generally comprises a silt layer, a flood deposited soil layer, a residual deposited soil layer and a rock weathered layer, and whether the foundation 8 has a groundwater structure is also required to be explored, if the foundation 8 does not conform to the foundation of the gantry crane 1, a method of replacing the foundation 8 can be adopted to strengthen the bearing capacity of the foundation 8, so that the gantry crane 1 is installed in an operation site, and the phenomenon of collapse of the gantry crane 1 in the use process is avoided. The working range of the gantry crane 1 comprises a wellhead 7 and a material area of the tunnel 9; the operation range of the gantry crane 1 is enabled to meet construction requirements, the operation range of the gantry crane 1 is increased, and the operation efficiency is improved.
Step S2: according to the shape of the material 6, adopting a lifting pattern corresponding to the material 6, wherein the lifting pattern is used for the long-strip-shaped material 6; the hoisting mode comprises single-point hoisting, two-point hoisting and three-point hoisting;
(1) When the length of the material 6 is greater than the width of the wellhead 7, the single-point hoisting is adopted, and is generally used for hoisting steel bars and water pipes, and the weight of the material 6 is lighter or longer;
(2) When the length-to-height ratio of the material 6 is 4:1 and the length of the material 6 is smaller than the width of the wellhead 7, the two-point hoisting is adopted;
(3) When the length-to-height ratio of the material 6 is 8:1 and the length of the material 6 is smaller than the width of the wellhead 7, the three-point hoisting is adopted, and the length of the material 6 comprises the longest side of the material 6 and one side perpendicular to the longest side; this lifting pattern increases the stability of the connection of the lifting rope 51 to the material 6.
Step S3: the working site is provided with a track 41 for transversely moving the gantry crane 1, a beam 2 of the gantry crane 1 is provided with a driving mechanism 3 for longitudinally moving, the driving mechanism 3 is provided with a pulley assembly 5 for vertical transportation, the pulley assembly 5 comprises a plurality of pulleys and a lifting rope 51, and the pulleys are connected with the lifting rope 51; the driving mechanism 3 is longitudinally moved to a material area, the material 6 is bound by adopting a corresponding hoisting mode, the pulley assembly 5 lifts the material 6 to a preset height, the gantry crane 1 transversely moves the material 6 to the position above the wellhead 7, and the gantry crane 1 vertically transports the material 6 to the tunnel 9. In this embodiment, the lower end of the gantry crane 1 is provided with a motor 4 and a moving wheel, the motor 4 drives the moving wheel to move on the track 4, and the transporting method can improve the reliability of connection between the material 6 and the lifting rope 51, and avoid the risk of high-altitude throwing.
According to the technical scheme, the gantry crane 1 is installed in the foundation layer with pressure bearing property by exploring the foundation 8 for the operation site of the gantry crane 1; because the gantry crane 1 needs to transport heavier materials 6, after exploring the foundation 8 of the operation site of the gantry crane 1, finding out a foundation layer suitable for installing the gantry crane 1, and avoiding the phenomenon of collapse of the gantry crane 1 in the use process; the operation range of the gantry crane 1 comprises a wellhead 7 and a material area of the tunnel 9, so that the operation range of the gantry crane 1 meets the requirement of transportation construction of the materials 6; according to the shape of the material 6, adopting a lifting pattern corresponding to the material 6, wherein the lifting pattern is used for the long-strip-shaped material 6; the hoisting mode comprises single-point hoisting, two-point hoisting and three-point hoisting; when the length of the material 6 is greater than the width of the wellhead 7, the single-point hoisting is adopted; when the length-to-height ratio of the material 6 is 2-6:1, the two-point hoisting is adopted; when the length-to-height ratio of the material 6 is 7-10:1, the three-point hoisting is adopted, and the length of the material 6 is the transverse length and the vertical height of the material 6 when the material 6 is hoisted; the lifting pattern meets the lifting of most materials 6, corresponding lifting patterns are selected according to the length-height proportion of the materials 6, single-point lifting, two-point lifting and three-point lifting achieve the stability of transporting the materials 6, and meanwhile the phenomenon that the materials 6 are broken is avoided. The working site is provided with a track 41 for transversely moving the gantry crane 1, a beam 2 of the gantry crane 1 is provided with a driving mechanism 3 for longitudinally moving, the driving mechanism 3 is provided with a pulley assembly 5 for vertical transportation, the pulley assembly 5 comprises a plurality of pulleys and a lifting rope 51, and the pulleys are connected with the lifting rope 51; the driving mechanism 3 is longitudinally moved to a material area, the material 6 is bound by adopting a corresponding hoisting mode, the pulley assembly 5 lifts the material 6 to a preset height, the gantry crane 1 transversely moves the material 6 to the upper side of the wellhead 6, and the gantry crane 1 vertically transports the material 6 to the tunnel 9, so that the transportation of the material 6 is completed, the reliability of the connection between the material 6 and the lifting rope 51 can be improved, and the danger of high-altitude throwing is avoided.
In addition, the single-point hoisting adopts the one hoisting rope 51 to bind the material 6 so as to form a first action point 100; the first action point 100 is located on the longest side of the material 6, and the distance between the first action point 100 and the end of the material 6 is expressed as follows:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,the distance L is the length of the longest side of the material 6, which is the distance between the first point of action 100 and the nearest end of the material 6. In the present embodimentIn the process, the first action point 100 is 0.3L away from the end of the longest side of the material 6, so that the stability of connection between the lifting rope 51 and the material 6 can be further increased, the L is the distance between the longest side of the material 6, if the longest side is 1 meter, the distance between the first action point 100 and the end of the longest side is 0.3 meter, the single-point lifting adapts to some materials 6 with lighter dead weight, and adapts to materials 6 with certain elasticity, such as steel bars and water pipes, the single-point lifting is simple, the operation is convenient, and the efficiency of binding the materials 6 can be improved.
In addition, the two-point hoisting adopts the two hoisting ropes 51 to bind the material 6 so as to form two second action points 200; the two second action points 200 are respectively located at two ends of the longest side of the material 6, and a distance formula between the second action points 200 and the end of the material 6 is:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,is the distance between the second point of action 200 and the nearest end of the material 6. In this embodiment, the second action point 200 is 0.2L away from the end of the longest side of the material 6, so that the stability of connection between the lifting rope 51 and the material 6 can be further increased, when the dead weight of the material 6 is moderate, and the outer wall of the material 6 is smooth, for example, the cylindrical material 6 can be lifted by two points, so that the action point of the material 6 is increased, the material 6 is prevented from sliding down from the lifting rope 51 in the lifting process, the risk of high-altitude throwing is prevented, and the stability of connection between the lifting rope 51 and the material 6 is further enhanced.
In addition, the three-point hoisting adopts the three hoisting ropes 51 to bind the material 6 so as to form three third action points 300; one of the third action points 300 is positioned at the center of the longest side of the material 6, and the remaining two third action points 300 are respectively positioned at two ends of the longest side of the material 6The distance formula between the third action point 300 and the end of the material 6 is as follows:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,is the distance between the remaining third point of action 300 and the nearest end of the material 6. One of the third points of action 300 corresponds to the centre of gravity of the material 6. In this embodiment, the third action point 300 is 0.13L away from the end of the longest side of the material 6, so that the stability of connection between the lifting rope 51 and the material 6 can be further increased, when the dead weight of the material 6 is large, the self hardness is poor, and the span of the material 6 is large, three-point lifting is needed, the action point of the material 6 is increased, the situation that the material 6 is damaged by the action force of the lifting rope 51 when the material 6 is lifted due to too large local bearing is avoided, and the stability of connection between the lifting rope 51 and the material 6 can be increased while the material 6 is protected.
Furthermore, before laying the track 41, the following steps are included: the foundation under the track 41 is refilled in a range including a depth of more than 2m below the track 41 and a width of 1m from the outer end of the track 41. The foundation under the track 41 is replaced and filled, so that the bearing capacity of the foundation 8 can be improved, the supporting force required by the lifting of the gantry crane 1 is met, the foundation is required to be compacted after the replacement and filling, and the depth and the width of the replacement and filling are required to meet the designed preset value, so that the phenomenon that the foundation 8 collapses in use is avoided.
In addition, the transportation method further comprises layered filling, the thickness of each layer of filling is 25 cm-30 cm, each layer of filling comprises a first part and a second part, the first part is overlapped with the second part, and overlapping points of two adjacent layers of filling bases are arranged in an staggered manner. In this embodiment, the thickness of each layer of the replacement is 28cm, and the overlapping points of each layer of the replacement are staggered, so that the integrity of the replacement foundation 8 can be increased, the bearing capacity of the foundation 8 is improved, and the compaction of the replacement foundation after one layer of the replacement is facilitated, so that the layered compaction of the foundation 8 is realized.
In addition, sedimentation points for monitoring are arranged around the track 41, and initial values of the sedimentation points are recorded by adopting monitoring equipment; the transportation method further comprises the following steps: during the use of the gantry crane 1, observing the sedimentation point by adopting the monitoring equipment, wherein the monitoring equipment is arranged far away from the operation site, and the distance between the monitoring equipment and the operation site is more than 20m; and when the difference between the observed detection value and the initial value is larger than the preset range value, immediately stopping the hoisting operation. In the hoisting process, the monitoring equipment is used for observing the sedimentation points, so that the change of the situation around the operation site and the wellhead 7 of the tunnel 9 can be timely found, because in the running process of the gantry crane 1, the gantry crane 1 lifts materials 6 with different weights, the foundation 8 of the track 41 is subjected to different pressures, if the bearing capacity of the foundation 8 of the track 41 exceeds the bearing range, the situation of the track 41 is caused to fall, the change of the situation of the track 41 can be timely observed through the monitoring equipment, if the observed difference between the observed value and the initial value is larger than the preset range value, constructors on the site can be timely informed through interphone, then the constructors on the emergency evacuation site can be immediately stopped, and thus serious safety accidents are avoided.
In addition, the hoisting method further comprises the following steps: monitoring the sedimentation point position once every 6-8 days, continuously monitoring for three times, and monitoring the sedimentation point position once every 25-25 days instead of monitoring the sedimentation point position once every time the detection values are consistent. In this embodiment, the settlement point is monitored once every 7 days in the early period, and is continuously monitored three times, so that whether the potential safety hazard exists in the foundation 8 of the track 41 can be timely found before the track 41 collapses, and when all the current three detection values are consistent, the settlement point can be monitored once every 25-25 days in the early period, thereby avoiding wasting manpower.
In addition, a protective pad for protecting the lifting rope 51 or the material 6 is arranged between the lifting rope 51 and the material 6. The protection pad can increase the action area between the lifting rope 51 and the material 6, so that the material 6 is prevented from being crushed by the action of the lifting rope 51, the lifting rope 51 is prevented from being worn by the material 6, and the connection stability of the lifting rope 51 and the material 6 can be improved.
In addition, the hoisting method further comprises the following steps: and cleaning obstacles in the operation range of the gantry crane 1, wherein the obstacles comprise cables, fences and temporary construction equipment. The obstacle in the working range is avoided to block the gantry crane 1 to transport the material 6, so that the material 6 transportation efficiency is prevented from being reduced.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by the description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings or direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The transportation method based on the gantry crane is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the steps of exploring a foundation of an operation site for the gantry crane, installing the gantry crane in the foundation layer with pressure bearing property, wherein the operation range of the gantry crane comprises a wellhead of a tunnel and a material area;
according to the shape of the material, adopting a lifting pattern corresponding to the material, wherein the lifting pattern is used for the strip-shaped material; the hoisting mode comprises single-point hoisting, two-point hoisting and three-point hoisting;
(1) When the length of the material is larger than the width of the wellhead, the single-point hoisting is adopted;
(2) When the length-to-height ratio of the materials is 2-6:1 and the length of the materials is smaller than the width of the wellhead, hoisting by adopting the two points;
(3) When the length-to-height ratio of the materials is 7-10:1 and the length of the materials is smaller than the width of the wellhead, hoisting by adopting the three-point type hoisting device; the length of the material comprises the longest edge of the material and one edge perpendicular to the longest edge;
the operation site is provided with a track for the transverse movement of the gantry crane, a beam of the gantry crane is provided with a driving mechanism for longitudinal movement, the driving mechanism is provided with a pulley assembly for vertical transportation, the pulley assembly comprises a plurality of pulleys and a lifting rope, and the pulleys are connected with the lifting rope; the driving mechanism is longitudinally moved to a material area, the materials are bound by adopting the corresponding hoisting mode, the pulley assemblies hoist the materials to a preset height, the gantry crane transversely moves the materials to the upper part of the wellhead, and the gantry crane vertically transports the materials to the inside of the tunnel.
2. The gantry-based transportation method of claim 1, wherein the single point hoist uses a hoist rope to bind the material to form a first point of action; the first action point is located on the longest side of the material, and a distance formula between the first action point and the end part of the material is as follows: Ḻ = (28% -32%);
wherein Ḻ is the distance between the first action point and the nearest end of the material, and L is the length of the longest side of the material.
3. The gantry-based transportation method of claim 1, wherein the two-point hoisting uses two hoisting ropes to bind the material to form two second points of action; the two second action points are respectively positioned at two ends of the longest side of the material, and a distance formula between the second action points and the end parts of the material is as follows: Ḷ = (18% -22%);
wherein Ḷ is the distance between the second action point and the nearest end of the material, and L is the length of the longest side of the material.
4. The gantry-based transportation method of claim 1, wherein the three-point hoist uses three hoist ropes to tie the material to form three third points of action; one of the third action points is positioned at the center of the longest side of the material, the remaining two third action points are respectively positioned at the two ends of the longest side of the material, and the distance formula between the remaining third action points and the end parts of the material is as follows: Ḽ = (12% -14%);
wherein Ḽ is the distance between the rest third action point and the nearest end of the material, and L is the length of the longest edge of the material.
5. The gantry-based transportation method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of, prior to laying the track: the foundation under the track is replaced, and the replacement range comprises a depth of more than 2m below the track; and a width of 1m from the outer end of the track.
6. The gantry crane-based transportation method of claim 5, further comprising layered refill, wherein each layer has a thickness of 25 cm-30 cm, each layer of refill comprises a first portion and a second portion, the first portion is overlapped with the second portion, and overlapping points of two adjacent layers of refill bases are arranged in an staggered manner.
7. The gantry crane-based transportation method according to claim 6, wherein settlement points used for monitoring are arranged on the periphery of the track, and initial values of the settlement points are recorded by monitoring equipment; the transportation method further comprises the following steps:
during the use of the gantry crane, the settlement point is observed by adopting the monitoring equipment, the monitoring equipment is arranged far away from the operation site, and the distance between the monitoring equipment and the operation site is more than 20m; and when the difference between the observed detection value and the initial value is larger than the preset range value, immediately stopping the hoisting operation.
8. The gantry-based transportation method of claim 7, further comprising the steps of:
monitoring the settlement point once every 6-8 days, continuously monitoring for three times, and monitoring the settlement point once every 25-25 days instead of keeping the detection values consistent each time.
9. The gantry-based transportation method of claim 8, wherein a protective pad for protecting the lifting rope or the material is provided between the lifting rope and the material.
10. The gantry-based transportation method of any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising the steps of: and cleaning obstacles in the working range of the gantry crane, wherein the obstacles comprise cables, fences and temporary construction equipment.
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