CN115534040A - Bamboo microwave softening and flattening production method adopting saturated steam pretreatment - Google Patents
Bamboo microwave softening and flattening production method adopting saturated steam pretreatment Download PDFInfo
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- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 292
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 292
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 292
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 285
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 285
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K9/00—Chemical or physical treatment of reed, straw, or similar material
- B27K9/002—Cane, bamboo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27J—MECHANICAL WORKING OF CANE, CORK, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27J1/00—Mechanical working of cane or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/003—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00 by using electromagnetic radiation or mechanical waves
- B27K5/0055—Radio-waves, e.g. microwaves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/06—Softening or hardening of wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
- B27K2240/20—Removing fungi, molds or insects
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- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of bamboo processing, and particularly provides a microwave softening and flattening production method for bamboo pretreated by saturated steam, which comprises the following steps: s01, cutting off raw bamboos: cutting the raw bamboo into bamboo tubes; s02, bamboo tube sorting: sorting the bamboo tubes; s03 bamboo tube splitting: dividing or fixing the selected bamboo tube into a plurality of arc bamboo chips; s04, saturated steam pretreatment: carrying out saturated steam pretreatment on the arc-shaped bamboo chips; s05 microwave softening: carrying out microwave softening on the arc-shaped bamboo chips, flattening the S06 bamboo wood: shaping, planing and flattening the arc-shaped bamboo chips step by step to obtain a bamboo flattening plate; and S07 post-processing: the bamboo flattening plate is subjected to post-treatment to obtain a bamboo flattening plate finished product, the bamboo is pretreated by saturated steam firstly, and then the bamboo is softened by adopting a microwave softening technology, so that the temperature of the bamboo before flattening is controllable, and the bamboo flattening quality is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of bamboo processing, in particular to a microwave softening and flattening production method for bamboo pretreated by saturated steam.
Background
At present, in the bamboo flattening process, the softening process generally adopts high-temperature saturated steam softening, the softening method is to put the bamboo into a high-temperature saturated steam softening tank for bamboo softening, the process needs to provide higher pressure to maintain the temperature (180-190 ℃) in the softening tank, the softening is completed, the tank is opened and the bamboo is taken out to the flattening machine for flattening, on one hand, the softening method needs to consume a large amount of saturated steam and needs to keep higher pressure, but the current bamboo processing enterprises need steam heat supply simultaneously due to a plurality of processes, the required temperature is difficult to reach when the bamboo is softened, and even if the required pressure is reached, the required pressure is required to be increased for a large amount of time, the bamboo is difficult to keep.
Based on the above problems; enterprises adopt a saturated steam secondary softening method, wherein the secondary softening is performed through twice saturated steam softening, so that the steam pressure required by each steam softening is lower, the problem of high pressure is solved, but the consumption of saturated steam is increased compared with the primary softening, the processes are increased, and the cost is greatly increased; on the other hand, open softening tank bamboo timber temperature and reduce rapidly when saturated steam softens and accomplish, then the bamboo timber is transported to the flattening machine exhibition and is flat, the temperature drops partly again this moment, the bamboo timber exhibition is gone on one by one simultaneously, along with the exhibition is gone on, it is also reducing gradually to wait that the bamboo timber temperature of exhibition is flat, this can't let the bamboo timber after softening all keep the exhibition required temperature when the exhibition is flat, in case temperature control does not easily lead to the bamboo timber to open the crack when flat, also restrict the bamboo timber quantity of exhibition at every turn simultaneously, when the workshop air temperature is lower in winter in particular, the flattening of bamboo timber reduces 50% by one time of processing volume, therefore this kind of method exists serialization, degree of automation is lower, production efficiency is lower, product quality is difficult to control scheduling problem.
Therefore, a method is urgently needed to solve the technical problems that the steam pressure required by softening is high, the cost is high, and the sudden temperature drop after softening easily causes bamboo cracking and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly provides a microwave softening and flattening production method of bamboo wood pretreated by saturated steam, which is characterized in that the bamboo wood is pretreated by the saturated steam to soften the bamboo wood, the pretreatment process can be carried out in batch, the requirement of industrial scale production is met, and meanwhile, the saturated steam pretreatment temperature of the bamboo wood is reduced compared with the traditional treatment temperature, so that the requirements of light color and small color difference of the bamboo wood can be met, and the development of subsequent products is facilitated; then, the surface temperature of the bamboo is controlled to be near 90 ℃ before the bamboo is flattened by adopting a microwave softening technology, so that the problems of bamboo cracking and the like caused by sudden temperature drop in the traditional method are avoided, and the flattening quality of the bamboo is improved; meanwhile, the microwave softening and flattening of the bamboo material can be continuously operated, and the labor intensity and the production cost are favorably reduced.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a microwave softening and flattening production method for bamboo pretreated by saturated steam comprises the following steps: s01, cutting off raw bamboo: cutting the raw bamboo into bamboo tubes; s02, bamboo tube sorting: sorting the bamboo tubes according to thickness; s03 bamboo tube splitting: dividing or fixing the selected bamboo tube into a plurality of arc-shaped bamboo chips; s04, saturated steam pretreatment: carrying out saturated steam pretreatment on the arc-shaped bamboo chips; s05 microwave softening: performing microwave softening on the arc-shaped bamboo chips; s06, flattening the bamboo wood: shaping, planing and flattening the arc-shaped bamboo chips step by step to obtain a bamboo flattening plate; and S07 post-processing: and performing post-treatment on the bamboo flattening plate to obtain a finished bamboo flattening plate.
Preferably, in the S01 raw bamboo cutting, the raw bamboo is fresh moso bamboo which is 4-6 years old and has the diameter of more than 8 cm; cutting into bamboo tube with length of 0.5-3m after removing the defects of the original bamboo.
Preferably, in the S02 bamboo tube sorting, the tolerance of the wall thickness of the same type of bamboo tube sorted according to the bamboo wall thickness is 0.5mm.
Preferably, the sorted bamboo tubes are stacked according to the bamboo cutting sequence and the wall thickness.
Preferably, in the S03 bamboo tube splitting, the bamboo tube is longitudinally fixed in width or split by using a splitting device.
Preferably, at least one through groove is linearly formed in the bamboo tube along the fiber direction, or the bamboo tube is processed into the arc-shaped bamboo chips by fixing the width according to the distance between two adjacent splitting devices, wherein the thickness of a saw blade of each splitting device is 1-3mm; the bamboo tube may be subjected to a green removing process before the step of opening the through groove on the bamboo tube.
Preferably, in the S04 saturated steam pretreatment, the saturated steam pretreatment pressure is 0.6-1.2MPa, and the treatment time is 3-20min.
Preferably, in the S05 microwave softening, the microwave power is 4-8Kw, and the microwave time is 4-15min, so that the surface temperature of the bamboo wood is over 90 ℃.
Preferably, in the S07 post-treatment, the post-treatment process includes cooling, sizing, widening, stacking, drying and fine planing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The bamboo microwave softening and flattening production method adopting saturated steam pretreatment is adopted, the bamboo is pretreated by the saturated steam firstly, the batch treatment can be carried out, the requirement of industrial scale production is met, and meanwhile, the requirements of light color and small color difference of the bamboo can be met due to the reduction of the pretreatment temperature of the saturated steam of the bamboo, so that the development of subsequent products is facilitated; the microwave softening technology is adopted, so that the temperature of the bamboo material before flattening can be controlled, and the flattening quality of the bamboo material is improved; meanwhile, the continuous operation of microwave softening and flattening of the bamboo can be realized, and the labor intensity and the production cost are favorably reduced.
(2) Considering the density difference of the bamboo tubes with the same thickness, in order to ensure the softening effect in the later period, the sorted bamboo tubes are respectively stacked according to the cutting sequence and the wall thickness of the bamboo materials, so that the subsequent softening and flattening can be better carried out.
(3) The microwave softening of the invention can remove fungi and bacteria contained in the bamboo wood, so that the bamboo wood has good mildew-proof and corrosion-proof effects.
(4) According to the method provided by the invention, the bamboo is not required to be immediately subjected to microwave softening after the steam pretreatment, the temperature of the bamboo can be reduced to room temperature and then subjected to microwave softening and flattening, and the flattening effect is not influenced.
(5) In the step-by-step unfolding process of the bamboo chips, grooves do not need to be carved on the bamboo, the bamboo can be unfolded without a crack guide line, the required working procedures are less, the cost is low, the bamboo is not easy to crack when being unfolded, and the yield is high.
(6) The post-treatment of the invention can eliminate the deformation phenomenon of the bamboo wood after flattening due to internal stress, growth stress, density gradient, moisture absorption and desorption and the like.
The invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the bamboo of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the bamboo tube sorting process of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the present invention for flattening the arc-shaped bamboo chips;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the construction of the microwave softening unit of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of the structure of the microwave softening unit of the present invention.
In the figure:
01 microwave softening device;
02 a bamboo flattening device;
03, a frame;
04 a microwave mechanism;
05 a moisture removal mechanism;
06 a conveying mechanism;
07 a microwave generator;
08 a microwave generator;
a microwave generator at 09 deg.f;
10 a moisture exhausting fan;
11 a power source;
12 conveyor element.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which several embodiments of the invention are shown, but which may be embodied in different forms and not limited to the embodiments described herein, but which are provided so as to provide a more thorough and complete disclosure of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, and the knowledge of the terms used herein in the specification of the present invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the present invention, and the term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The invention mainly provides a bamboo microwave softening and flattening production method of saturated steam pretreatment, which is characterized in that firstly, a saturated steam pretreatment device is used for softening bamboo to soften the bamboo, the pretreatment process can be carried out in batch, and the requirements of industrial scale production are met; after the pretreatment is finished, the bamboo is flattened by using the microwave flattening device, the microwave flattening device heats and softens the bamboo through the microwave generating device before the bamboo is flattened, the surface temperature of the bamboo is controlled to be above 90 ℃, and then the bamboo is flattened, so that the problems of bamboo cracking and the like caused by sudden temperature drop due to the fact that the bamboo is softened by high steam pressure and is directly flattened in the traditional method are solved, and the flattening quality of the bamboo is improved; meanwhile, the bamboo microwave softening and flattening production method can carry out continuous operation through a steam pretreatment device and a microwave flattening device through a manual control or intelligent control system, and is beneficial to reducing the labor intensity and the production cost.
The invention provides a microwave softening and flattening production method of bamboo wood pretreated by saturated steam, which mainly refers to the attached drawings 1 and 2, wherein the method of the invention is represented by the flow chart in the figure 1, and the change schematic diagram of the original bamboo in the figure 2 comprises the following steps:
s01, cutting off raw bamboos: the method is characterized in that the raw bamboo is cut into the bamboo tubes, namely the raw bamboo is cut into the bamboo tubes with uniform length, obviously, the raw bamboo is too long and is not convenient for processing the whole section, so the raw bamboo needs to be cut into the proper length and then processed.
Furthermore, the raw bamboos are fresh moso bamboos which are 4-6 years old and have bamboo diameters of more than 8cm, wherein the raw bamboos refer to trunk parts of unprocessed bamboos, and the moso bamboos under the conditions are selected to be beneficial to the quality of finished products of the final bamboo flattening plate; under the condition of eliminating the defects of the raw bamboo, the raw bamboo is cut into bamboo tubes with the length of 0.5-3m according to the size requirement of a flattened bamboo board product, wherein the defects of the raw bamboo comprise but are not limited to worm damage, dry cracking or bending, and the defects of the raw bamboo can be selected according to the actual situation.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a flow chart of bamboo tube sorting according to the present invention, S02 bamboo tube sorting: the bamboo tubes are sorted according to the thickness and can be stacked in a classified mode for standby after being sorted, the bamboo tubes can be grouped and screened as required for facilitating subsequent processing due to the fact that the wall thickness of the bamboo tubes is different, and specific sorting rules can be selected by a person skilled in the art according to actual conditions and are matched with subsequent processing machinery.
Further, the invention provides a sorting method, when sorting according to the thickness of the bamboo wall, the sorting is carried out by taking 0.5mm of the thickness of the bamboo tube as a tolerance and following a rounding principle, for example, four bamboo tubes with the wall thicknesses of 13.3mm, 13.4mm, 13.5mm and 13.6mm are suitable for being classified into one type, and 13.3mm and 13.4mm are suitable for being classified into one type.
In addition, because the bamboo tubes with the same thickness have density difference, in order to ensure the softening effect in the later period, the sorted bamboo tubes are respectively stacked according to the cutting sequence and the wall thickness of the bamboo materials.
S03 bamboo tube splitting: the sorted bamboo tube is split or fixed into a plurality of arc-shaped bamboo chips, wherein the split or fixed width means that the bamboo tube is split into the arc-shaped bamboo chips with the preset width by using a mechanical device such as a splitting machine or a splitting method, further, the split arc-shaped bamboo chips are preferably 1-4, obviously, the more the number of the split arc-shaped bamboo chips is, the narrower the width of the final single bamboo unfolding plate is, and the lower the applicability is.
Further, the invention utilizes the splitting device to longitudinally fix the width or split the bamboo tube, i.e. at least more than one through groove is formed on the bamboo tube in a straight line along the fiber direction or the bamboo tube is processed into arc bamboo chips according to the adjacent two splitting devices, wherein the splitting device refers to a device capable of splitting the bamboo tube, including but not limited to a circular saw or a splitting saw, the thickness of a saw blade of the splitting device is preferably 1-3mm, when the bamboo tube is provided with the through groove, the bamboo tube needs to be subjected to a green removing process before the groove is formed, so as to avoid the interference of the green bamboo to the expansion of the subsequent bamboo tube, wherein the green refers to a layer of green skin outside the bamboo, the green needs to be removed in the general bamboo processing process, and a part of the bamboo material with special purposes such as antique bamboo unfolding flat plates can not be removed, and a person skilled in the art can select whether to remove the green or not to remove the green bamboo as required, if the green bamboo is to obtain the green removing flat plates, the green removing process needs to be further, and the invention refers to be a through groove which is a through groove body which is a through groove which is a circular groove body, but is a through groove body which is not convenient to pass through the invention, but is a through groove body, or a through groove body which is a circular groove body which is formed in the invention.
S04, saturated steam pretreatment: the arc-shaped bamboo chips are subjected to saturated steam pretreatment, wherein the saturated steam refers to steam which is not subjected to heat treatment, the saturated steam is steam with the temperature of 100 ℃ under one atmosphere, the temperature can not be increased any more, and the steam is obviously in a saturated state.
Further, the pretreatment pressure of saturated steam is specifically 0.6-1.2MPa, and the treatment time is 3-20min; the specific parameters of the microwave softening of the arc-shaped bamboo chips in the actual production process need to be determined according to the parameters of the water content, the radian, the width, the density and the like of the arc-shaped bamboo chips, and related data can be adjusted by a person skilled in the art.
S05, microwave softening: the arc bamboo chips are softened by microwaves, wherein the microwaves refer to electromagnetic waves with the frequency of 300MHz-300GHz, have the characteristics of easy clustering into bundles, high directionality and linear propagation, and can be absorbed by the bamboo chips to generate heat and soften when being applied to the bamboo chips.
Furthermore, the microwave softening parameters of the invention are that the microwave power is 4-8Kw, the microwave time is 4-15min, and the surface layer of the bamboo material can reach more than 90 ℃; in addition, the bamboo wood is not required to be immediately subjected to microwave softening after steam pretreatment by the softening method, the temperature of the bamboo wood can be reduced to room temperature and then softened and flattened by microwaves, the flattening effect is not influenced, the bamboo wood is required to be immediately softened under the traditional method, otherwise, the temperature of the bamboo wood is rapidly reduced, and the bamboo wood is easy to crack when being unfolded.
The bamboo microwave softening flattening production method adopting saturated steam pretreatment is adopted, the bamboo is pretreated by the saturated steam firstly, the batch treatment can be carried out, the requirement of industrial scale production is met, meanwhile, the requirements of light color and small color difference of the bamboo can be met due to the reduction of the pretreatment temperature of the saturated steam of the bamboo, and the development of subsequent products is facilitated; meanwhile, the continuous operation of microwave softening and flattening of the bamboo can be realized, and the labor intensity and the production cost are favorably reduced.
Further, referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a flow chart of flattening the arc-shaped bamboo chips according to the present invention, and the present invention further includes flattening the bamboo wood S06: and planing and flattening the arc-shaped bamboo chips step by step to obtain a bamboo flattening plate, wherein planing refers to cutting processing of bamboo, including but not limited to shaping or yellow removal, and aims to facilitate subsequent unfolding, and yellow removal refers to removal of bamboo yellow, namely, bulk substances among bamboo joints, and needs to be removed in the bamboo processing process.
The invention also comprises the following steps of S07 post-processing: and performing post-treatment on the bamboo flattening plate to obtain a finished bamboo flattening plate. Further, the post-treatment of the invention comprises but is not limited to the procedures of cooling and shaping, width fixing, stacking, drying, fine planing and the like, and is used for eliminating the deformation phenomenon of the flattened bamboo wood due to internal stress, growth stress, density gradient, moisture absorption and desorption and the like; in addition, the bamboo flattening plates after width setting are stacked in a green-to-green surface mode and are stacked by spacing bars with the width of 2.5cm and the thickness of 0.8 cm; particularly, the division bars are made of soft woods such as Chinese fir, so that the division bars are prevented from leaving marks on the bamboo unfolding plate during drying, and the appearance quality and the outturn percentage are prevented from being influenced.
For a further understanding of the invention, the apparatus associated with the method of the invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
in S05 microwave softening and S06 bamboo flattening, the microwave flattening apparatus used in the present invention includes a microwave softening device 01 and a bamboo flattening device 02, please refer to fig. 5 and fig. 6, fig. 5 is a front view of the structure of the microwave softening device of the present invention, that is, a schematic view of the front view of the microwave softening device 01, fig. 6 is a top view of the structure of the microwave softening device of the present invention, that is, a schematic view of the microwave softening device 01 viewed from the top downward, the microwave softening device 01 includes a rack 03, a microwave mechanism 04, a dehumidifying mechanism 05 and a conveying mechanism 06; the microwave mechanism 04 is used for heating and softening the bamboo wood; the moisture removing mechanism 05 is used for removing moisture evaporated during microwave softening of the bamboo wood, and faults caused by excessive moisture in the equipment are prevented; the conveying mechanism 06 is used for conveying the bamboo material in the microwave softening device 01.
Further, the microwave mechanism 04 comprises a plurality of sets of microwave generators 07, the microwave generators are uniformly distributed in the microwave softening device, each set of microwave generators comprises an upper microwave generator 08 and a lower microwave generator 09, the upper microwave generator and the lower microwave generator correspond to each other in the vertical direction to ensure uniform microwave of the bamboo, that is, in the vertical direction, a lower microwave generator 09 is arranged below each upper microwave generator 08, or an upper microwave generator 08 is arranged above each lower microwave generator 09, if the upper microwave generator 08 and the lower microwave generator 09 are not strictly arranged in the vertical direction to ensure that the bamboo does not uniformly receive the microwave, the softening effect is reduced, and the invention also falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
Further, the dehumidifying mechanism 05 comprises a plurality of sets of dehumidifying fans 10, the dehumidifying fans 10 are arranged right above the upper microwave generators 08 and used for removing moisture evaporated by the bamboo wood due to microwave heating, the bamboo wood can evaporate moisture in the bamboo wood in the microwave heating process, and the operation of the whole device is inevitably influenced by the large accumulation of moisture, so that the dehumidifying mechanism 05 is arranged to remove moisture evaporated by the bamboo wood to ensure that the whole device can operate efficiently and continuously.
Further, the conveying mechanism 06 includes a power source 11 and a conveying member 12, the power source 11 provides kinetic energy for the conveying member 12, and the conveying member 12 is used for conveying bamboo in the microwave softening device 01, it can be understood that the power source 11 includes but is not limited to an electric power source or an air power source, etc., the conveying member 12 of the present invention is used for conveying bamboo, including belt conveying or plate conveying, etc., and particularly, the conveying member 12 may be made of high temperature resistant plastic, so as to reduce the attenuation of microwave and prolong the service life of the conveying member 12 itself.
The bamboo flattening device 02 comprises a rolling planing mechanism and a step-by-step flattening mechanism, wherein the rolling planing mechanism is used for planing green and yellow surfaces of the bamboo, namely, green bamboos and yellow bamboos on the surface of the bamboo are further removed, the step-by-step flattening mechanism is used for unfolding the bamboo, and the arc-shaped bamboo is unfolded into a flat blocky plate which can be used subsequently.
The invention provides a microwave softening and flattening production method of bamboo pretreated by saturated steam, which is mainly used in the technical field of bamboo processing, and particularly used for heating, softening and flattening the bamboo in a factory, the invention firstly cuts raw bamboo into bamboo tubes with proper length, wherein the raw bamboo is fresh moso bamboo with the diameter of more than 8cm and the length of the bamboo is 4-6 years old, the final flattening quality is optimal, the bamboo tubes are sorted according to certain requirements after being cut, the sorting is carried out according to the wall thickness as the basis, for example, the bamboo tubes are sorted by taking 0.5mm of the wall thickness of the bamboo tubes as the tolerance, the bamboo tubes are sorted according to the principle of rounding five, the bamboo tubes are split by a splitting device after being sorted, so as to obtain arc-shaped bamboo chips, wherein the splitting device can be a mechanical cutting device such as a circular saw or a slicing saw, and the split arc-shaped bamboo chips are preferably 1-4 chips, so that the subsequent flattening and the further are convenient, the obtained arc-shaped bamboo chips are treated in batches by a saturated steam pretreatment device, the temperature of the saturated steam adopted by the invention is far lower than the steam temperature (180-190 ℃) in a softening tank in the prior art, the cost can be greatly reduced, the problems of bamboo cracking caused by sudden drop of subsequent treatment temperature can be avoided, the color difference of the bamboo under low-pressure steam is small, the development of subsequent products is facilitated, after the pretreatment is finished, the arc-shaped bamboo chips are sent to a microwave softening device for microwave softening treatment, wherein the microwave softening device can utilize a microwave generating device or other microwave generating methods to generate microwave heating for softening the bamboo chips, the bamboo chips can be flattened after the microwave softening treatment is finished, a bamboo flattening plate is obtained, the flattening process can continue to utilize the microwave softening device, or other flattening devices aiming at the bamboo chips for flattening, the microwave softening and flattening method meets the requirement of controllable temperature before flattening the bamboo, improves the flattening quality of the bamboo, simultaneously realizes continuous operation of microwave softening and flattening of the bamboo, is beneficial to reducing labor intensity and production cost, and can further perform post-treatment on the obtained bamboo flattening plate after the microwave softening and flattening are finished to obtain a finished bamboo flattening plate product, wherein the post-treatment comprises but is not limited to the working procedures of cooling and shaping, width setting, stacking, drying, fine planing and the like, and is used for eliminating the deformation phenomenon caused by internal stress, growth stress, density gradient, moisture absorption and desorption and the like after the bamboo is flattened.
The invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is obvious that the invention is not limited to the specific implementation in the above-described manner, and it is within the scope of the invention to adopt such insubstantial modifications of the inventive concept and solution, or to apply the inventive concept and solution directly to other applications without such modifications.
Claims (9)
1. A microwave softening and flattening production method for bamboo pretreated by saturated steam is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s01, cutting off raw bamboo: cutting the raw bamboo into bamboo tubes;
s02, bamboo tube sorting: sorting the bamboo tubes according to thickness;
s03 bamboo tube splitting: dividing or fixing the selected bamboo tube into a plurality of arc-shaped bamboo chips;
s04, saturated steam pretreatment: carrying out saturated steam pretreatment on the arc-shaped bamboo chips;
s05 microwave softening: performing microwave softening on the arc-shaped bamboo chips;
s06, flattening the bamboo wood: shaping, planing and flattening the arc-shaped bamboo chips step by step to obtain a bamboo flattening plate; s07 post-processing: and performing post-treatment on the bamboo flattening plate to obtain a finished bamboo flattening plate.
2. The microwave softening and flattening production method for the bamboo pretreated by the saturated steam as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in the cutting of S01 raw bamboo, the raw bamboo is fresh moso bamboo which is 4-6 years old and has the diameter of more than 8 cm;
cutting into bamboo tube with length of 0.5-3m after removing the defects of the original bamboo.
3. The microwave softening and flattening production method for the bamboo subjected to saturated steam pretreatment according to claim 1, wherein in S02 bamboo tube sorting, the wall thickness tolerance of the same type of bamboo tubes sorted according to the bamboo wall thickness is 0.5mm.
4. The microwave softening and flattening production method for the bamboo wood pretreated by the saturated steam as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the sorted bamboo tubes are stacked respectively according to the cutting order and the wall thickness of the bamboo wood.
5. The microwave softening and flattening production method for the bamboo subjected to saturated steam pretreatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the S03 bamboo tube splitting, the bamboo tube is longitudinally widened or split by using a splitting device.
6. The microwave softening and flattening production method for the bamboo materials pretreated by the saturated steam as claimed in claim 5, wherein at least one through groove is linearly formed in the bamboo tube along the fiber direction or the bamboo tube is subjected to width fixing processing into the arc bamboo chips according to the distance between two adjacent splitting devices, wherein the saw blade thickness of the splitting devices is 1-3mm; the bamboo tube may be subjected to a green removing process before the step of opening the through groove on the bamboo tube.
7. The microwave softening and flattening production method for the bamboo wood pretreated by the saturated steam as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the S04 saturated steam pretreatment, the saturated steam pretreatment pressure is 0.6-1.2MPa, and the treatment time is 3-20min.
8. The microwave softening and flattening production method for the bamboo wood pretreated by the saturated steam as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in the S05 microwave softening, the microwave power is 4-8Kw, and the microwave time is 4-15min, so that the temperature of the surface layer of the bamboo wood reaches above 90 ℃.
9. The microwave softening and flattening production method for the bamboo wood pretreated by the saturated steam as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in the S07 post-treatment, the post-treatment processes comprise cooling and sizing, width setting, stacking, drying and fine planing.
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| CN102794805A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2012-11-28 | 浙江大庄实业集团有限公司 | Bamboo flattening method |
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Application publication date: 20221230 |