CN115529092A - Movable monitoring direction-finding system - Google Patents

Abstract

An embodiment of the present specification provides a movable monitoring direction-finding system, including: the direction-finding antenna elements, the matrix switch, the radio frequency module, the intermediate frequency module and the industrial personal computer are sequentially communicated and connected with each other; the direction-finding antenna element is used for collecting a radio signal to be detected in space; the matrix switch is used for amplifying and switching the acquired radio signal to be detected to obtain a processed radio signal; the radio frequency module is used for carrying out at least one of filtering processing, amplifying processing and down-conversion processing on the received radio antenna element signals to obtain intermediate frequency signals; the intermediate frequency module is used for carrying out AD data acquisition and processing on the intermediate frequency signals to obtain the amplitude and phase difference of the intermediate frequency signals corresponding to the two paths of radio antenna element signals; and transmitting the amplitude and the phase difference to an industrial personal computer; the industrial personal computer is used for carrying out interferometer calculation on the amplitude and the phase difference to obtain the incoming wave direction of the radio signal to be detected.

Description

A Portable Monitoring and Direction Finding System

technical field

This specification relates to the field of radio monitoring, in particular to a portable monitoring and direction-finding system.

Background technique

Radio signal management is the main work of the radio management department. Commonly used equipment includes mobile monitoring vehicles and fixed monitoring stations. However, in some major event guarantees, etc., it is necessary to enter the venue to temporarily set up a monitoring and direction finding system. And some sudden interference signal monitoring needs to be in areas where vehicles are not suitable for vehicles to enter and are in the blind area of fixed station monitoring, such as mountain tops and downtown areas. In these cases, mobile monitoring and direction finding equipment that is flexible and convenient to set up is required.

The current monitoring and direction-finding equipment on the market has the problems of inconvenient movement, complicated operation, and the inability to perform simultaneous monitoring and direction-finding, resulting in fewer applicable scenarios and low work efficiency.

Portable equipment is either heavy and difficult to carry, or the antenna needs to be stretched during actual use, and needs to be folded after use. Some antennas and receivers are not integrated, and multiple cables need to be connected. The operation is complicated and time-consuming , some moving stations are small in size, but due to the limitation of the aperture, the indicators are very poor and cannot meet the needs of customers. In order to reduce the size of some moving stations, the monitoring is realized through the direction-finding antenna element, which leads to the simultaneous monitoring and direction-finding. to reduce work efficiency. This requires a portable monitoring and direction-finding system that not only satisfies the broadband direction-finding index but also is easy to carry.

Contents of the invention

One or more embodiments of this specification provide a portable monitoring and direction-finding system, including: a direction-finding antenna element, a matrix switch, a radio frequency module, an intermediate frequency module, and an industrial computer that are sequentially connected to each other by communication; the direction-finding antenna element is used for Collecting the radio signal to be tested in the space, and transmitting the collected radio signal to be tested to the matrix switch; the matrix switch is used to amplify and switch the acquired radio signal to be tested, and obtain the processed radio signal, and transmit the processed radio signal to the radio frequency module by transmitting two radio antenna element signals at a time; the radio frequency module is used to filter and amplify the received radio antenna element signal At least one of processing and down-conversion conversion processing to obtain an intermediate frequency signal, and transmit the intermediate frequency signal to the intermediate frequency module; the intermediate frequency module is used to perform AD data acquisition and processing on the intermediate frequency signal to obtain the intermediate frequency signal The amplitude and phase difference of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the two-way radio antenna element signals; and the amplitude and the phase difference are transmitted to the industrial computer; the industrial computer is used to calculate the amplitude and the phase difference Interferometer calculation is performed to obtain the direction of arrival of the radio signal to be measured.

In some embodiments, the direction-finding antenna element selects two layers of antenna elements to cover the radio signal to be tested, and the frequency of the radio signal to be tested is 20 MHz-8 GHz.

In some embodiments, the two layers of antenna elements include a low-frequency direction-finding antenna element and a high-frequency direction-finding antenna element, the low-frequency direction-finding antenna element is an active dipole antenna, and the high-frequency direction-finding antenna element is Deformed log-periodic antenna.

In some embodiments, the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal is 70MHz.

In some embodiments, the low-frequency direction finding of the two-layer antenna elements is based on five-element direction finding, and the frequency range of the low-frequency band is 20MHz-1GHz, and the high-frequency direction finding of the two-layer antenna elements is based on nine-element direction finding To achieve, the frequency range of the high frequency band is 1GHz-8GHz.

In some embodiments, the direction-finding antenna element includes a dual-channel receiver, and at least one of the nine antenna elements corresponding to the nine-element direction-finding element is connected to the input of the first channel of the dual-channel receiver corresponding to the connection.

In some embodiments, the matrix switch is a single-pole 8-throw radio frequency switch, and among the nine antenna elements, 8 antenna elements are sequentially connected to the input end of the second channel of the dual-channel receiver in a corresponding time-sharing manner .

In some embodiments, the calculation of the interferometer includes: calculating the first phase difference, the second phase difference, and the third phase difference; calculating the theoretical sample point; determining the measured sample point; calculating the difference between the theoretical sample point and the measured The similarity of the sample points; determining the direction of arrival of the radio signal to be tested.

In some embodiments, the interferometric calculations include:

If the nine antenna elements corresponding to the nine-element direction finding are A ₀ to A ₈ , the nine antenna elements are evenly distributed on a circle with a radius R according to the angle, and the antenna element A ₀ is located at the center of the circle In the north position of the central point, the antenna element A ₀ is a reference antenna element; the reference antenna element is correspondingly connected to the input end of the first channel of the dual-channel receiver; the antenna elements A ₁ to A ₈ The input end of the second channel of the dual-channel receiver is sequentially corresponding to the time-sharing connection;

If the azimuth angle of the incoming wave corresponding to the radio signal to be measured is α, and the elevation angle is θ, then the induced voltages on the nine antenna elements A ₀ to A ₈ are relative to the virtual antenna element located at the center point of the circumference The phase difference of the induced voltage is respectively:

Wherein, i=0, 1, 2, ..., 8; λ is the wavelength of the incoming wave;

The phase differences of the induced voltages on antenna elements A ₁ to A ₈ relative to the induced voltage on antenna element A ₀ are respectively:

Among them, m=1, 2, ..., 8;

If φ ₁ ~ φ ₈ when θ = 0 are denoted as Φ ₀₁ ~ Φ ₀₈ respectively, then:

Let the theoretical sample points (Φ ₀₁ , Φ ₀₂ , ..., Φ ₀₈ )=e, and e is characterized by eight ordered variables Φ ₀₁ ～Φ ₀₈ ;

If the azimuth α changes with a step of 1° from 0°, 360 theoretical sample points can be obtained by formula (3):

e _i =(Φ _01n , Φ _02n ,...,Φ _08n ), n=1, 2,..., 360;

Based on the radio frequency switch sequentially connecting the antenna elements A ₁ to A ₈ to the input end of the second channel of the dual-channel receiver, it is measured that the induced voltages on the antenna elements A ₁ to A ₈ are relatively The phase differences of the induced voltages on the antenna element A ₀ are φ′ ₀₁ , φ′ ₀₂ , ..., φ′ ₀₈ ;

Let the measured sample point e′=(φ′ ₀₁ , φ′ ₀₂ ,…,φ′ ₀₈ );

Perform similarity calculations on e' and e _i (i=1, 2, ..., 360), and determine the theoretical sample point that is most similar to the measured sample point e' and has the highest similarity as a reference point;

The azimuth angle corresponding to the reference point is used as the direction of arrival of the radio signal to be tested.

In some embodiments, the similarity is expressed based on vector distance, and the smaller the vector distance is, the higher the similarity is.

In some embodiments, the vector distance is Hamming distance.

Description of drawings

This specification will be further illustrated by way of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail with the accompanying drawings. These examples are non-limiting, and in these examples, the same number indicates the same structure, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a portable monitoring and direction-finding system according to some embodiments of this specification;

Fig. 2 is an exemplary structural diagram of a portable monitoring and direction-finding system according to some embodiments of this specification;

Fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of determining the direction of a radio signal to be tested according to some embodiments of the present specification;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an interferometer calculation process according to some embodiments of the present specification;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a similarity judgment model according to some embodiments of the present specification;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a transportable monitoring and direction-finding device according to some embodiments of the present specification.

detailed description

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present specification, the following briefly introduces the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments. Apparently, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some examples or embodiments of this specification, and those skilled in the art can also apply this specification to other similar scenarios. Unless otherwise apparent from context or otherwise indicated, like reference numerals in the figures represent like structures or operations.

It should be understood that "system", "device", "unit" and/or "module" as used herein is a method for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, parts or assemblies of different levels. However, the words may be replaced by other expressions if other words can achieve the same purpose.

As indicated in the specification and claims, the terms "a", "an", "an" and/or "the" are not specific to the singular and may include the plural unless the context clearly indicates an exception. Generally speaking, the terms "comprising" and "comprising" only suggest the inclusion of clearly identified steps and elements, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or device may also contain other steps or elements.

The flowchart is used in this specification to illustrate the operations performed by the system according to the embodiment of this specification. It should be understood that the preceding or following operations are not necessarily performed in the exact order. Instead, various steps may be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. At the same time, other operations can be added to these procedures, or a certain step or steps can be removed from these procedures.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario 100 of a transportable monitoring and direction-finding system according to some embodiments of the present specification.

In some embodiments, the application scenario 100 may be configured as application scenarios such as radio signal direction finding and positioning. It can be applied in corresponding communication control scenarios such as radio signal direction finding, radio identification, and radio management.

The application scenario 100 may include a server 110, a network 120, a user terminal 130, a storage device 140, and a signal source 150. Server 110 may include processing engine 112 . In some embodiments, the server 110, the user terminal 130, the storage device 140, and the signal source 150 may be connected and/or communicate with each other via a wireless connection (eg, the network 120), a wired connection, or a combination thereof.

Server 110 may be used to implement radio signal direction finding. In some embodiments, it can be specifically used to realize radio monitoring, and this monitoring technology can be applied to many fields such as government departments, national defense forces, news media, customs, diplomacy, and combat readiness communications.

The server 110 refers to a system with computing capabilities. In some embodiments, the server 110 may be a single server or a server group. The server group can be centralized or distributed (for example, server 110 can be a distributed system). In some embodiments, server 110 may be local or remote. For example, the server 110 may access information and/or data stored in the user terminal 130 and/or the storage device 140 via the network 120 . As another example, the server 110 may be directly connected to the user terminal 130 and/or the storage device 140 to access stored information and/or data. In some embodiments, server 110 may be implemented on a cloud platform. By way of example only, the cloud platform can include private clouds, public clouds, hybrid clouds, community clouds, distributed clouds, internal clouds, multi-layer clouds, etc., or any combination thereof.

In some embodiments, server 110 may include processing engine 112 . The processing engine 112 may process information and/or data related to wireless signals. For example, processing engine 112 may implement radio signal direction finding in telematics data acquired by signal source 150 . In some embodiments, processing engine 112 may include one or more processing engines (eg, single-core processing engines or multi-core processors). By way of example only, processing engine 112 may include one or more hardware processors, such as a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an application specific instruction set processor (ASIP), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a physical processing unit (PPU), digital signal processor (DSP), field programmable gate array (FPGA), programmable logic device (PLD), controller, microcontroller unit, reduced instruction set computer (RISC), microprocessor, etc. or any combination thereof.

In some embodiments, the processing engine 112 can realize the acquisition of radio signals to be tested in the space, as shown in the corresponding content in Figure 2-Figure 6, perform amplification and switching processing on the radio signals to be tested, obtain the processed radio signals, and perform radio antenna elements Perform at least one of filtering processing, amplification processing, and down-conversion conversion processing on the signal to obtain an intermediate frequency signal, and perform AD data acquisition and processing on the intermediate frequency signal to obtain the amplitude and phase difference of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the two radio antenna element signals ; Perform interferometer calculation on the amplitude and phase difference to obtain the incoming wave direction of the radio signal to be measured. For specific description, please refer to the content in Fig. 2-Fig. 6 .

Network 120 may facilitate the exchange of information and/or data. In some embodiments, one or more components (for example, server 110, user terminal 130, storage device 140, and signal source 150) in the application scene 100 can send information and/or data to the application scene 100 through the network 120. other components. For example, the processing engine 112 may send the analysis results of the monitored radios to the user terminal 130 via the network 120 . In some embodiments, the network 120 may be a wired network or a wireless network, etc. or any combination thereof. By way of example only, network 120 may include a cable network, a wired network, a fiber optic network, a telecommunications network, an intranet, the Internet, a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), a wide area network ( WAN), Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), Bluetooth™ network, ZigBee network, Near Field Communication (NFC) network or similar, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, network 120 may include one or more network access points. For example, the network 120 may include wired or wireless network access points such as base stations and/or Internet exchange points 120-1, 120-2, ..., and one or more components of the application scenario 100 may be accessed via a wired or wireless network Points are connected to network 120 to exchange data and/or information.

In some embodiments, the user terminal 130 may include a mobile device 130-1, a tablet computer 130-2, a laptop computer 130-3, a desktop computer 130-4, etc. or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, mobile device 140-1 may include a smart home device, a wearable device, a mobile device, a virtual reality device, an augmented reality device, etc., or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, smart home devices may include smart lighting devices, smart electrical control devices, smart monitoring devices, smart TVs, smart cameras, walkie-talkies, etc., or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, wearable devices may include bracelets, footwear, glasses, helmets, watches, clothing, backpacks, smart accessories, etc., or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, mobile devices may include mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), gaming devices, navigation devices, point-of-sale (POS) devices, laptop computers, desktop computers, etc., or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the virtual reality device and/or the augmented virtual reality device may include a virtual reality helmet, virtual reality glasses, virtual reality goggles, augmented reality helmet, augmented reality glasses, augmented reality goggles, etc. or any combination thereof. For example, virtual reality devices and/or augmented reality devices may include Google Glass ^™ , RiftCon ^™ , Fragments ^™ , GearVR ^™ , and the like.

In some embodiments, the user terminal 130 may be a mobile terminal configured to collect radio signals. The user terminal 130 may send and/or receive information related to satellite signal monitoring and identification to the processing engine 112 or a processor installed in the user terminal 130 via a user interface. For example, the user terminal 130 may transmit radio signal data captured by the user terminal 130 installed in the user terminal 130 to the processing engine 112 or processor installed in the user terminal 120 via the user interface. The user interface may be in the form of an application implemented on the user terminal 130 for identifying satellites. A user interface implemented on the user terminal 130 may facilitate communication between the user and the processing engine 112 . For example, a user may input and/or import radio signal data to be identified via the user interface. The processing engine 112 may receive input signal data via a user interface. For another example, the user may input a request for identifying radio signals via a user interface implemented on the user terminal 130 . In some embodiments, in response to the identification request, the user terminal 130 may directly process the radio signal data via a processor of the user terminal 130 based on a signal acquisition device installed in the user terminal 130 as described elsewhere in this application. In some embodiments, in response to the identification request, the user terminal 130 may send the identification request to the processing engine 112 for determining radio signals based on signal acquisition devices installed by the signal source 150 or elsewhere in the application. In some embodiments, the user interface may facilitate presenting or displaying information and/or data (eg, signals) received from the processing engine 112 related to radio signal direction finding. For example, the information and/or data may include results indicating radio signal direction finding content, or indicating radio signal direction finding, etc. In some embodiments, the information and/or data may be further configured to cause the user terminal 130 to display the results to the user.

Storage device 140 may store data and/or instructions. In some embodiments, storage device 140 may store data obtained from signal source 150 . Storage device 140 may store data and/or instructions that processing engine 112 may execute or use to perform the example methods described herein. In some embodiments, the storage device 140 may include mass storage, removable storage, volatile read-write memory, read-only memory (ROM), etc., or any combination thereof. Exemplary mass storage may include magnetic disks, optical disks, solid state drives, and the like. Exemplary removable storage may include flash drives, floppy disks, optical disks, memory cards, compact disks, magnetic tape, and the like. Exemplary volatile read-write memory may include random access memory (RAM). Exemplary RAMs can include dynamic random access memory (DRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), thyristor random access memory (T-RAM), and zero capacitance Random Access Memory (Z-RAM), etc. Exemplary ROMs may include masked read only memory (MROM), programmable read only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), optical disc only Read-only memory (CD-ROM) and digital versatile disk read-only memory, etc. In some embodiments, the storage device 140 can be implemented on a cloud platform. By way of example only, the cloud platform can include private clouds, public clouds, hybrid clouds, community clouds, distributed clouds, internal clouds, multi-layer clouds, etc., or any combination thereof.

In some embodiments, the storage device 140 may be connected to the network 120 to communicate with one or more components in the application scenario 100 (eg, the server 110, the user terminal 130). One or more components in application scenario 100 may access data or instructions stored in storage device 140 via network 120 . In some embodiments, the storage device 140 may be directly connected to or communicated with one or more components in the application scenario 100 (for example, the server 110, the user terminal 130). In some embodiments, storage device 140 may be part of server 110 .

The signal source 150 is a signal terminal that sends out radio signals, for example, the signal source may be a satellite, a signal generator, a base station, or the like. The radio signal generated by the signal source 150 can be collected based on the corresponding signal collection device (such as a direction-finding antenna element) in the portable monitoring and direction-finding system.

In some embodiments, the signal source 150 may include satellites, signal generators, base stations, etc. that send out wireless signals. In some embodiments, the signal source 150 may also include a signal source 150 emitting an interfering signal.

It should be noted that the above description is intended to be illustrative, rather than limiting the scope of the application. Many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The features, structures, methods, and other characteristics of the exemplary embodiments described herein may be combined in various ways to obtain additional and/or alternative exemplary embodiments. For example, the signal source 150 may be configured with a storage module, a processing module, a communication module, and the like. However, these changes and modifications do not depart from the scope of the present application.

Fig. 2 is an exemplary structural diagram of a transportable monitoring and direction finding system 200 according to some embodiments of the present specification.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the portable monitoring and direction-finding system 200 includes a direction-finding antenna element 210 , a matrix switch 220 , a radio frequency module 230 , an intermediate frequency module 240 , and an industrial computer 250 , which are sequentially connected by communication.

The direction-finding antenna element 210 is used to collect radio signals to be tested in space, and transmit the collected radio signals to be tested to the matrix switch.

The matrix switch 220 is used to amplify and switch the acquired radio signal to be tested to obtain a processed radio signal, and transmit the processed radio signal to the The radio frequency module.

The radio frequency module 230 is configured to perform at least one of filtering processing, amplification processing, and down-conversion processing on the received radio antenna element signal to obtain an intermediate frequency signal, and transmit the intermediate frequency signal to the intermediate frequency module.

The intermediate frequency module 240 is used to perform AD data acquisition and processing on the intermediate frequency signal to obtain the amplitude and phase difference of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the two radio antenna element signals; transmitted to the industrial computer.

The industrial computer 250 is used to perform interferometer calculation on the amplitude and the phase difference to obtain the direction of arrival of the radio signal to be measured.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the direction-finding antenna element adopts a passive composite antenna form, which has both good gain and good dynamic range. The direction-finding antenna element is used to receive radio signals in space. After radio signals are received, they are directly sent to the radio frequency module through the matrix switch. The radio frequency module filters, amplifies, and down-converts the signals into intermediate frequency signals and sends them to the intermediate frequency module. The intermediate frequency module receives the signal and performs data acquisition and processing on the signal. Finally, the control machine obtains the information processed by the intermediate frequency through 5G routing and other routing equipment, and displays the spectrum through the host computer software. Users can find illegal signals based on the spectrum display.

In some embodiments, the passive compound antenna form can be implemented by an antenna such as a V-shaped composite folded element antenna, which has both the wider frequency band of the V-shaped antenna and the smaller electrical size of the folded element antenna. Its better gain and dynamic range are reflected in that the direction-finding antenna of this embodiment can achieve a gain of about -25dBi in the broadcast frequency band. Since the broadcast signal power is relatively large, this gain value can effectively prevent receiver saturation. Above 8GHz, the spatial insertion loss of the radio signal is large, and the gain of the antenna is about 4dBi. This gain value can ensure that the receiver can receive signals with low power and ensure the sensitivity of the direction-finding antenna. High-power signals are not distorted, and low-power signals are not buried.

In some embodiments, two layers of antenna elements are selected for the direction-finding antenna element to cover the radio signal to be tested, and the frequency of the radio signal to be tested is 20 MHz-8 GHz.

In some embodiments, the two layers of antenna elements include a low-frequency direction-finding antenna element and a high-frequency direction-finding antenna element, the low-frequency direction-finding antenna element is an active dipole antenna, and the high-frequency direction-finding antenna element is Deformed log-periodic antenna.

In some embodiments, the low-frequency direction finding of the two-layer antenna elements is based on five-element direction finding, and the frequency range of the low-frequency band is 20MHz-1GHz, and the high-frequency direction finding of the two-layer antenna elements is based on nine-element direction finding To achieve, the frequency range of the high frequency band is 1GHz-8GHz.

In some embodiments, in order to realize low-frequency direction-finding with a small aperture, five-element direction-finding is selected for low-frequency, which effectively reduces mutual coupling between antenna elements, thereby ensuring direction-finding accuracy. The low-frequency direction-finding antenna element is an active dipole antenna. Nine-element direction finding is used for high-frequency direction finding, which ensures the accuracy of direction finding. The high-frequency direction-finding antenna element chooses a deformed logarithmic periodic antenna, which has the advantages of wide frequency range and high gain.

In some embodiments, the five-element direction finding refers to a five-element antenna array. Through switching, two antennas are connected each time, and the received data is transmitted to the intermediate frequency processing module to obtain the phase difference of the two antenna elements that are connected. Constantly switch the switch to obtain the phase difference between any two antennas, process the phase difference through an algorithm, and calculate the direction of the electromagnetic wave.

In some embodiments, the nine-element direction finding refers to a nine-element antenna array. Through switching, two antennas are connected each time, and the received data is transmitted to the intermediate frequency processing module to obtain the phase difference of the two antenna elements that are connected. Constantly switch the switch to obtain the phase difference between any two antennas, process the phase difference through an algorithm, and calculate the direction of the electromagnetic wave.

In some embodiments, the dipole antenna is the basic unit of the antenna, and a symmetrical element with a length of each arm of λ ₀ /4 and a total length of λ ₀ /2 is generally called a half-wavelength symmetrical element. The dipole antenna used in this embodiment is smaller than half wavelength. The active dipole antenna is to add an active amplifier circuit at the output end of the dipole to amplify the received signal.

In some embodiments, the deformed log-periodic antenna folds the elements of the log-periodic dipole antenna, thereby realizing miniaturization.

In some embodiments, the direction-finding antenna elements are used to receive radio signals in space, and transmit the received radio signals to the matrix switch, and the matrix switch amplifies and switches the received signals, and only transmits two antenna elements at a time The signal is sent to the RF module. The matrix switch adopts a flexible multi-reference connection method, and different antenna elements can be selected according to the frequency, so as to obtain a suitable phase difference and effectively reduce the direction finding error.

It should be noted that the above description of the system and its components is only for convenience of description, and does not limit this description to the scope of the examples. It can be understood that for those skilled in the art, after understanding the principle of the system, it is possible to combine various components arbitrarily, or form a subsystem to connect with other components without departing from this principle. For example, direction finding antenna elements, matrix switches, radio frequency modules, intermediate frequency modules, and industrial computers can be integrated into one component. For another example, each component may share one storage device, or each component may have its own storage device. Such deformations are within the protection scope of this specification.

FIG. 3 is an exemplary flow chart of determining the incoming direction of a wireless signal according to some embodiments of this specification. In some embodiments, the process 300 may be executed by a zero-IF receiver. In some embodiments, process 300 may include the following steps:

Step 310, collect radio signals to be tested in the space.

In some embodiments, step 310 may be performed by a direction finding antenna element. See Figure 2 for more description of DF antenna elements.

In some embodiments, the direction-finding antenna element includes a dual-channel receiver, and at least one of the nine antenna elements corresponding to the nine-element direction-finding element is connected to the input of the first channel of the dual-channel receiver corresponding to the connection.

Step 320, performing amplification and switching processing on the radio signal to be tested to obtain a processed radio signal.

In some embodiments, step 320 may be performed by a matrix switch. See Figure 2 for more description on matrix switches. In some embodiments, the matrix switch is a single-pole 8-throw radio frequency switch, and among the nine antenna elements, 8 antenna elements are sequentially connected to the input end of the second channel of the dual-channel receiver in a corresponding time-sharing manner .

In some embodiments, the matrix switch can adopt a flexible multi-reference opening method, and different antenna elements can be selected according to frequency, so as to obtain a suitable phase difference and effectively reduce direction finding errors.

In some embodiments, the multi-reference opening-up manner refers to a manner of obtaining a phase difference between other antennas and the reference antenna based on the reference antenna. In some embodiments, the reference antenna refers to the antenna that serves as the reference antenna each time, and the phase difference obtained by other antennas is compared with the phase of this antenna. There is only one commonly used reference antenna, and all other antennas have phase differences with the reference antenna. For example, in this embodiment, three reference antennas can be used, so that the phase difference between any two antennas can be obtained.

In some embodiments, the antenna elements are divided into two groups, low frequency and high frequency. Low-frequency direction-finding selects low-frequency antennas, and high-frequency direction-finding selects high-frequency antennas. The phase difference of the antennas is positively correlated with the distance between the antennas. The longer the distance, the larger the phase difference, and the closer the distance, the smaller the phase difference. Therefore, the phase difference cannot be too large, for example, it cannot exceed one cycle, otherwise there will be phase ambiguity and the correct direction finding result cannot be obtained. At the same time, if the phase difference is too small, the error will greatly affect the result, and the correct direction finding result cannot be obtained. Therefore, an appropriate phase difference needs to be used, for example, a phase difference greater than a preset threshold and not exceeding one cycle may be used.

Step 330, performing at least one of filtering processing, amplification processing, and down-conversion processing on the radio antenna element signal to obtain an intermediate frequency signal.

In some embodiments, step 330 may be performed by a radio frequency module. See Figure 2 for more description of the RF module. In some embodiments, the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal is 70MHz.

Step 340: Perform AD data acquisition and processing on the intermediate frequency signal to obtain the amplitude and phase difference of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the two radio antenna element signals.

In some embodiments, step 340 may be performed by an intermediate frequency module. See Figure 2 for more description on the IF module. The intermediate frequency module performs AD data acquisition and processing on the obtained intermediate frequency signal, obtains the amplitude and phase difference of the two signals, and performs correlation interferometer calculation on the amplitude and phase difference through the algorithm part of the industrial computer according to the obtained phase difference, and finally obtains the radio The direction of arrival of the signal.

In some embodiments, the direction-finding antenna element receives the signal, and transmits two signals to the radio frequency module through the matrix switch. The module samples and processes the signal to obtain the amplitude and phase difference of the signal.

Step 350 performs interferometer calculation on the amplitude and phase difference to obtain the direction of arrival of the radio signal to be tested.

In some embodiments, step 350 can be performed by an industrial computer. See Figure 2 for more descriptions about the industrial computer. See Figure 4 for further illustration of interferometer calculations.

It should be noted that the above description about the process 300 is only for illustration and description, and does not limit the scope of application of this description. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and changes can be made to the process 300 under the guidance of this specification. However, such modifications and changes are still within the scope of this specification.

FIG. 4 is an exemplary flow chart of an interferometer calculation process 400 according to some embodiments of the present specification. In some embodiments, the process 400 can be executed based on an industrial computer.

As shown in Figure 4, the process 400 may include the following steps:

Step 410, calculate the first phase difference.

In some embodiments, if the nine antenna elements corresponding to the nine-element direction finding are A ₀ -A ₈ , the nine antenna elements are evenly distributed on a circle with a radius R according to the angle, and the antenna element A ₀ is located at the north position of the center point of the circumference, and the antenna element A ₀ is a reference antenna element; the reference antenna element is correspondingly connected to the input end of the first channel of the dual-channel receiver; the antenna The elements A ₁ -A ₈ are sequentially and time-sharingly connected to the input end of the second channel of the dual-channel receiver.

In some embodiments, if the incoming wave corresponding to the radio signal to be tested has an azimuth angle of α and an elevation angle of θ, then the first phase difference, that is, the induced voltages on the nine antenna elements A ₀ -A ₈ are relative to The phase differences of the induced voltages of the virtual antenna elements located at the center point of the circle are respectively:

Wherein, i=0, 1, 2, ..., 8; λ is the wavelength of the incoming wave.

Step 420, calculating the second phase difference.

In some embodiments, the second phase difference is a phase difference φ _m of the induced voltage on the antenna elements A ₁ -A ₈ relative to the induced voltage on the antenna element A ₀ .

Wherein, m=1, 2, . . . , 8.

Step 430, calculate the third phase difference.

In some embodiments, the third phase difference refers to the phase difference value when θ=0 in formula (2). For example, if φ ₁ ~ φ ₈ when θ = 0 are respectively denoted as Φ ₀₁ ~ Φ ₀₈ , then:

Step 440, calculating theoretical sample points.

In some embodiments, the theoretical sample points (Φ ₀₁ , Φ ₀₂ , ..., Φ ₀₈ )=e, and e is characterized by eight ordered variables Φ ₀₁ ˜Φ ₀₈ ;

If the azimuth α changes with a step of 1° from 0°, 360 theoretical sample points can be obtained by formula (3):

e _i =(Φ _01n ,Φ _02n ,...,Φ _08n ), n=1, 2,...,360. (4)

Step 450, determine the measured sample points.

In some embodiments, the antenna elements A ₁ -A ₈ may be connected to the input end of the second channel of the dual-channel receiver in turn based on the radio frequency switch, and it is measured that the antenna elements A ₁ -A 8 The phase difference of the induced voltage on A ₈ relative to the induced voltage on the antenna element A ₀ is φ′ ₀₁ , φ′ ₀₂ , . . . , φ′ ₀₈ ;

Then the measured sample points e′=(φ′ ₀₁ , φ′ ₀₂ , . . . , φ′ ₀₈ ).

Step 460, calculating the similarity between the theoretical sample point and the measured sample point.

In some embodiments, e′ and e _i (i=1, 2, .

In some embodiments, the similarity may be predicted based on a model, for details, refer to FIG. 5 .

In some embodiments, the similarity can be expressed based on vector distance, and the smaller the vector distance, the higher the similarity.

In some embodiments, the vector distance is the Hamming distance:

Step 470, determine the direction of arrival of the radio signal to be tested.

In some embodiments, the azimuth angle corresponding to the reference point may be used as the direction of arrival of the radio signal to be tested. For example, in formula (5), among d _i (i=1, 2, .

It should be noted that the above description about the process 400 is only for example and description, and does not limit the scope of application of this specification. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and changes can be made to the process 400 under the guidance of this description. However, such modifications and changes are still within the scope of this specification.

As shown in Figure 5, it is a schematic diagram of a similarity judgment model 500. The similarity judgment model 500 can obtain the similarity 570 of the measured sample point 510 and the theoretical sample point 520 based on the processing of the data of the measured sample point 510 and the theoretical sample point 520. .

In some embodiments, the similarity judgment model 500 may include a recurrent neural network (Recurrent Neural Network, RNN) 530 and a deep neural network (Deep Neural Networks, DNN) 560 , which are machine learning models capable of implementing data evaluation.

In some embodiments, the measured feature 540 corresponding to the measured sample point 510 and the theoretical feature 550 corresponding to the theoretical sample point 520 can be obtained based on the processing of the measured sample point 510 and the theoretical sample point 520 based on the recurrent neural network RNN. Then, based on the processing of the measured feature 540 and the theoretical feature 550 based on the deep neural network DNN, the similarity 570 between the measured sample point 510 and the theoretical sample point 520 is obtained.

In some embodiments, the output of the cyclic neural network RNN may be the input of the deep neural network DNN, and the cyclic neural network RNN and the deep neural network DNN may be obtained through joint training. For example, input training sample data to the cyclic neural network RNN, that is, the historical measured sample points and historical theoretical sample points obtained in history, and obtain the measured and theoretical features output by the cyclic neural network RNN; then use the measured and theoretical features as training sample data Input the deep neural network DNN to obtain the similarity of the output of the deep neural network DNN, and verify the output of the deep neural network DNN by using the similarity of historical measured sample points and historical theoretical sample points; using the backpropagation characteristics of the neural network model, get The verification data of the damage rate output by the cyclic neural network RNN is used as the label to train the cyclic neural network RNN. Labels can be obtained manually based on historical data annotations.

For another example, the training sample data includes historical measured sample points and historical theoretical sample points, and the historical measured sample points and historical theoretical sample points are input into the recurrent neural network RNN, and the measured and theoretical features output by the recurrent neural network RNN are input into the deep neural network DNN , that is, the output of the cyclic neural network RNN is used as the input of the deep neural network DNN, and the label is the similarity between the historical measured sample point and the historical theoretical sample point. The label can be obtained manually based on historical data labeling. During the training process, the preset time based on the sample The price and the output of the cyclic neural network RNN establish a loss function to update the parameters of the model.

Obtaining the parameters of the similarity judgment model 500 through the above-mentioned training method is beneficial to solve the problem that the cyclic neural network RNN is difficult to obtain labels when the cyclic neural network RNN and the deep neural network DNN are alone, and can also make the cyclic neural network RNN capable The measured characteristics and theoretical characteristics reflecting the characteristics of the measured sample points and theoretical sample points are better obtained.

The method of predicting the number of collection points through the model can reduce the amount of calculation required, and realize the automatic determination of the four ounces of the measured sample points and theoretical sample points based on the actual situation, thereby improving the efficiency of data acquisition.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a portable monitoring and direction-finding device 600 according to some embodiments of the present specification.

In some embodiments, the transportable monitoring and direction-finding system can be made into a transportable device as shown in FIG. 6. As shown in FIG. 6, the transportable monitoring and direction-finding device 600 can include a first data acquisition and processing device 610 and a second data collection and processing device 620 , as well as a data processing and display device 630 and a communication device 640 . Wherein, the first data collection and processing device and the second data collection and processing device can serve as the monitoring part of the movable monitoring and direction-finding device 600 . The data processing and display device can be used as the direction-finding part of the portable monitoring and direction-finding equipment 600 .

In some embodiments, the first data collection and processing device 610 includes two sets of direction-finding antenna elements, one set of matrix switches 613, one set of radio frequency modules 614, one set of intermediate frequency modules 615, and one set of power supply modules 616, wherein the two sets of The direction-finding antenna elements are respectively a direction-finding antenna element 611 for obtaining a frequency of 20 MHz to 1 GHz, and a direction-finding antenna element 612 for obtaining a frequency of 1 GHz to 8 GHz.

In the first data acquisition and processing device, two groups of direction-finding antenna elements are respectively connected to the matrix switch, the matrix switch, the radio frequency module, and the intermediate frequency module are connected in sequence, and the power supply module supplies power to other modules of the first data acquisition and processing device through the intermediate frequency module.

In some embodiments, the second data collection and processing device 620 includes a group of DF antenna elements 621 , a group of radio frequency modules 623 , a group of intermediate frequency modules 625 and a group of power supply modules 627 connected in sequence. The direction-finding antenna element of the second data acquisition and processing device is used to acquire signals with a frequency of 20 MHz to 8 GHz.

In some embodiments, the data processing and display device 630 includes a battery pack 631, a 5G router 635, and an industrial computer 637 connected to each other. The communication device 640 includes a GPS 642 and a 5G antenna 644. The communication device is connected to the 5G router, and the battery pack and the first data The collection and processing device is connected to the power module and the intermediate frequency module of the second data collection and processing device.

For the description of the work of each module, please refer to other parts of this manual, as shown in Figure 2-Figure 4.

In some embodiments, the monitoring part and the direction finding part of the movable monitoring and direction finding device 600 each have an external interface, which is a composite interface defining the same power supply and network port for power supply and data transmission. Connect these two cables.

In some embodiments, the data processing and display device, that is, the 5G router, the industrial computer, and the battery pack can be placed in a portable case for networking, data interaction, and power supply. The battery pack can guarantee at least 8 hours of continuous working time, if you need a longer time, you can connect the battery pack in parallel.

In some embodiments, when setting up the equipment, the monitoring part is connected to the tripod, and the direction finding part is placed on the top of the monitoring part, so the connection is simple.

To sum up, it can be seen that the technical solution realizes covering the frequency of 20MHz-8000MHz with two layers of antennas by using the broadband antenna element with variable phase center. Using two layers of different numbers of antenna elements to achieve low-frequency and high-frequency indicators and better meet customer needs. Among them, due to the small size of the antenna, the outer diameter is only 70 cm. At low frequencies, the wavelength is longer. In order to reduce the coupling between antennas, 5 elements are used at low frequencies to increase the distance between antennas to achieve high direction finding accuracy. As the frequency increases, the phase center of the nine-element antenna decreases, which effectively prevents phase ambiguity and can achieve high-frequency direction-finding accuracy. At the same time, the antenna of the technical solution is light in weight, small in size, can be carried by a single person, and is easy to carry. For example, the aperture of the antenna is not more than 70 centimeters and the weight is not more than 13 kilograms. And there is no need to fold and stretch, and you only need to connect two cables to use after setting up, which saves working time. At the same time, it does not require mains power and can guarantee continuous work for at least 8 hours.

It should be noted that the above description of the system and its components is only for convenience of description, and does not limit this description to the scope of the examples. It can be understood that for those skilled in the art, after understanding the principle of the system, it is possible to combine various components arbitrarily, or form a subsystem to connect with other components without departing from this principle. For example, a data source selection module and a spectrum analysis playback control module can be integrated in one component. For another example, each component may share one storage device, or each component may have its own storage device. Such deformations are within the protection scope of this specification.

The basic concept has been described above, obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above detailed disclosure is only an example, and does not constitute a limitation to this description. Although not expressly stated here, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements and corrections to this description. Such modifications, improvements and corrections are suggested in this specification, so such modifications, improvements and corrections still belong to the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this specification.

Meanwhile, this specification uses specific words to describe the embodiments of this specification. For example, "one embodiment", "an embodiment", and/or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of this specification. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that two or more references to "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" in different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment . In addition, certain features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of this specification may be properly combined.

In addition, unless explicitly stated in the claims, the order of processing elements and sequences described in this specification, the use of numbers and letters, or the use of other names are not used to limit the sequence of processes and methods in this specification. While the foregoing disclosure has discussed by way of various examples some embodiments of the invention that are presently believed to be useful, it should be understood that such detail is for illustrative purposes only and that the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but rather, the claims The claims are intended to cover all modifications and equivalent combinations that fall within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this specification. For example, although the system components described above may be implemented by hardware devices, they may also be implemented by a software-only solution, such as installing the described system on an existing server or mobile device.

In the same way, it should be noted that in order to simplify the expression disclosed in this specification and help the understanding of one or more embodiments of the invention, in the foregoing description of the embodiments of this specification, sometimes multiple features are combined into one embodiment, drawings or descriptions thereof. This method of disclosure does not, however, imply that the subject matter of the specification requires more features than are recited in the claims. Indeed, embodiment features are less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment.

In some embodiments, numbers describing the quantity of components and attributes are used. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of the embodiments use the modifiers "about", "approximately" or "substantially" in some examples. grooming. Unless otherwise stated, "about", "approximately" or "substantially" indicates that the stated figure allows for a variation of ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximations that can vary depending upon the desired characteristics of individual embodiments. In some embodiments, numerical parameters should take into account the specified significant digits and adopt the general digit reservation method. Although the numerical ranges and parameters used in some embodiments of this specification to confirm the breadth of the range are approximations, in specific embodiments, such numerical values are set as precisely as practicable.

Each patent, patent application, patent application publication, and other material, such as article, book, specification, publication, document, etc., cited in this specification is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Application history documents that are inconsistent with or conflict with the content of this specification are excluded, and documents (currently or later appended to this specification) that limit the broadest scope of the claims of this specification are also excluded. It should be noted that if there is any inconsistency or conflict between the descriptions, definitions, and/or terms used in the accompanying materials of this manual and the contents of this manual, the descriptions, definitions and/or terms used in this manual shall prevail .

Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification are only used to illustrate the principles of the embodiments of this specification. Other modifications are also possible within the scope of this description. Therefore, by way of example and not limitation, alternative configurations of the embodiments of this specification may be considered consistent with the teachings of this specification. Accordingly, the embodiments of this specification are not limited to the embodiments explicitly introduced and described in this specification.

Claims (10)

1. A movable monitoring and direction-finding system is characterized by comprising a direction-finding antenna element, a matrix switch, a radio frequency module, an intermediate frequency module and an industrial personal computer which are sequentially connected in a communication manner;

the direction-finding antenna element is used for collecting a radio signal to be detected in space and transmitting the collected radio signal to be detected to the matrix switch;

the matrix switch is used for amplifying and switching the acquired radio signal to be detected to obtain a processed radio signal, and transmitting the processed radio signal to the radio frequency module in a mode of transmitting two paths of radio antenna element signals each time;

the radio frequency module is used for performing at least one of filtering processing, amplifying processing and down-conversion processing on the received radio antenna element signal to obtain an intermediate frequency signal, and transmitting the intermediate frequency signal to the intermediate frequency module;

the intermediate frequency module is used for carrying out AD data acquisition and processing on the intermediate frequency signals to obtain the amplitude and phase difference of the intermediate frequency signals corresponding to the two paths of radio antenna element signals; transmitting the amplitude and the phase difference to the industrial personal computer;

and the industrial personal computer is used for carrying out interferometer calculation on the amplitude and the phase difference to obtain the incoming wave direction of the radio signal to be detected.

2. The movable monitoring direction-finding system of claim 1, wherein two layers of antenna elements are selected for the direction-finding antenna elements to cover the radio signal to be tested, and the frequency of the radio signal to be tested is 20MHz-8GHz.

3. The movable monitoring direction-finding system of claim 2, characterized in that the two layers of antenna elements comprise a low-frequency direction-finding antenna element and a high-frequency band direction-finding antenna element, the low-frequency direction-finding antenna element is an active dipole antenna, and the high-frequency band direction-finding antenna element is a deformed log periodic antenna.

4. The movable monitoring direction-finding system of claim 2, wherein the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal is 70MHz.

5. The movable monitoring direction-finding system of claim 2, wherein the low-band direction-finding of the two layers of antenna elements is realized based on five-element direction-finding, the frequency range of the low-band is 20MHz-1GHz, the high-band direction-finding of the two layers of antenna elements is realized based on nine-element direction-finding, and the frequency range of the high-band is 1GHz-8GHz.

6. The movable monitoring direction-finding system of claim 5, characterized in that the direction-finding antenna elements comprise a dual-channel receiver, and at least one of the nine antenna elements corresponding to the nine direction-finding elements is correspondingly connected with the input end of the first channel of the dual-channel receiver.

7. The portable monitoring and direction-finding system of claim 6, wherein the matrix switch is a single-pole 8-throw rf switch, and 8 of the nine antenna elements are sequentially connected to the input end of the second channel of the dual-channel receiver in a time-sharing manner.

8. The movable monitoring direction-finding system of claim 7, wherein the interferometer calculation comprises:

calculating a first phase difference, a second phase difference and a third phase difference;

calculating theoretical sample points;

determining an actually measured sample point;

calculating the similarity between the theoretical sample point and the measured sample point;

and determining the incoming wave direction of the radio signal to be detected.

9. The portable monitoring direction-finding system according to claim 8,

if the nine antenna elements corresponding to the nine direction finding are A respectively ₀ ～A ₈ The nine antenna elements are uniformly distributed on a circumference with a radius of R according to angles, and the antenna element A ₀ At the north orientation of the central point of the circle, the antenna element A ₀ Is a reference antenna element; the reference antenna element is correspondingly connected with the input end of a first channel of the dual-channel receiver; the antenna element A ₁ ～A ₈ The input end of the second channel of the double-channel receiver is sequentially connected with the input end of the second channel in a corresponding time-sharing manner;

if the azimuth angle of the incoming wave corresponding to the radio signal to be detected is alpha and the elevation angle is theta, the nine antenna elements A ₀ ～A ₈ The phase difference of the induced voltage on the virtual antenna element relative to the induced voltage of the virtual antenna element positioned at the central point of the circumference is respectively as follows:

wherein i =0, 1,2, \8230, 8; λ is the wavelength of the incoming wave;

antenna element A ₁ ～A ₈ Induced voltage on with respect to the antenna element a ₀ The phase difference of the induced voltage is as follows:

wherein m =1,2, \8230, 8;

phi if theta =0 ₁ ～φ ₈ Are respectively recorded as phi ₀₁ ～Φ ₀₈ And then:

let the theoretical sample point (phi) ₀₁ ，Φ ₀₂ ，…，Φ ₀₈ ) = e, and e is composed of eight ordered variables Φ ₀₁ ～Φ ₀₈ Characterizing;

if the azimuth angle α is varied in 1 ° steps from 0 °,360 theoretical sample points can be calculated from equation (3):

e _i ＝(Φ _01n ，Φ _02n ，…，Φ _08n )，n＝1，2，…，360；

sequentially and alternately switching the antenna elements A based on the radio frequency switch ₁ ～A ₈ Connected to the input end of the second channel of the dual-channel receiver, and measuring the antenna element A ₁ ～A ₈ Induced voltage on with respect to said antenna element a ₀ Are respectively phi 'in phase difference' ₀₁ ，φ′ ₀₂ ，…，φ′ ₀₈ ；

Let measured sample point e '= (φ' ₀₁ ，φ′ ₀₂ ，…，φ′ ₀₈ )；

E' and e _i (i =1,2, \8230;, 360) performing similarity calculation, and determining a theoretical sample point with the highest similarity with the actually measured sample point e' as a reference point;

and taking the azimuth angle corresponding to the reference point as the incoming wave direction of the radio signal to be detected.

10. The movable monitoring direction-finding system of claim 9, wherein the similarity is expressed based on vector distance, and the smaller the vector distance, the higher the similarity.

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