CN115524859A - Three-dimensional light field display system - Google Patents
Three-dimensional light field display system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115524859A CN115524859A CN202211171799.1A CN202211171799A CN115524859A CN 115524859 A CN115524859 A CN 115524859A CN 202211171799 A CN202211171799 A CN 202211171799A CN 115524859 A CN115524859 A CN 115524859A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
- G02B30/29—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays characterised by the geometry of the lenticular array, e.g. slanted arrays, irregular arrays or arrays of varying shape or size
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/04—Prisms
- G02B5/045—Prism arrays
Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses three-dimensional light field display system includes: the prism array comprises at least one prism group, each prism group comprises a plurality of prisms arranged according to a preset rule, and any prism group comprises at least two prisms; the prism array modulates a plurality of first light rays emitted by the display source to obtain a plurality of second light rays, and the plurality of second light rays are emitted to the cylindrical lens grating; and the cylindrical lens grating is used for modulating the incident second light rays and then emitting the modulated second light rays to obtain a three-dimensional display light field. The angles of light rays which are incident to the cylindrical lens from all prisms in any prism group are different in the horizontal direction through modulation of the prism array, so that corresponding pixels in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction in each prism group are used for constructing viewpoints in the horizontal direction, the resolution in the horizontal direction and the resolution in the vertical direction are balanced, the visual resolution of a user is improved, and the display effect of a three-dimensional light field is optimized.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of optics, in particular to a three-dimensional light field display system.
Background
The three-dimensional light field display technology is a display technology for displaying a three-dimensional image of an object to be displayed by spatially distributing light rays of the object to be displayed. The cylindrical lenticulation can modulate and distribute divergent light rays emitted by sub-pixels of an object to be displayed in the horizontal direction so as to construct a plurality of viewpoints of the corresponding sub-pixels in the horizontal direction, thereby presenting a three-dimensional display effect of the object to be displayed.
In general, in order to optimize the effect of three-dimensional display, the intercept of the cylindrical lens is set to be larger, and the larger the intercept of the cylindrical lens is, the larger the number of sub-pixels that can be covered by the cylindrical lens is, and the larger the number of views obtained after modulation is. However, the resolution of the region of the object to be displayed is fixed, and the resolution of each viewpoint obtained after the cylindrical lens is modulated is the resolution of the corresponding region divided by the total number of viewpoints, so that the resolution of each viewpoint is lower as the number of sub-pixels covered by the cylindrical lens is larger, although the number of viewpoints obtained is also larger, so that the resolution of the corresponding three-dimensional scene in the horizontal direction is lower, and the resolution in the vertical direction is unchanged, which affects the display effect of the three-dimensional light field.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a three-dimensional light field display system, which can solve the problem that the existing three-dimensional light field display visual resolution ratio is poor.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a three-dimensional light field display system, including: a display source, a prism array, and a lenticular sheet, wherein,
the prism array comprises at least one prism group, each prism group comprises a plurality of prisms arranged according to a preset rule, the preset rule is related to the pixel arrangement mode of the display source corresponding to the corresponding prism group, and any prism group comprises at least two prisms;
the prism array modulates a plurality of first light rays emitted by the display source to obtain a plurality of second light rays, and emits the plurality of second light rays to the cylindrical lens grating, wherein the light ray angles of all the second light rays emitted by all the prisms in any prism group in the prism array when the second light rays enter the cylindrical lens grating are different in the horizontal direction;
and the cylindrical lens grating is used for modulating the incident second light rays and then emitting the modulated second light rays to obtain a three-dimensional display light field.
In an optional design, the slope angles and the rotation angles of the plurality of prisms in any one of the at least one prism group are set according to a preset angle, so that the first light rays in each incident direction are modulated to obtain second light rays, and the angles of all the second light rays in the horizontal direction when the second light rays are incident on the lenticular lens grating are different.
In an optional design, the number and arrangement of prisms of any two prism groups in the prism array are the same, and the slope angles and rotation angles of the prisms at the same positions in any two prism groups are the same.
In an alternative design, each prism in the at least one prism group corresponds to each pixel of the display source one to one;
each prism modulates the light emitted by the corresponding pixel.
In an alternative design, the size of each prism in the at least one prism group is less than or equal to the size of each pixel of the display source.
In an alternative design, the intercept width of any of the cylindrical lenses in the lenticular lens grating is the same as the full pixel width corresponding to any of the prism groups in the at least one prism group.
In an optional design, any one of the cylindrical lenses in the lenticular lens grating receives the second light emitted from at least one of the prism groups, and the incident points of the second light emitted from different prism groups in at least one of the prism groups corresponding to any one of the cylindrical lenses are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the lenticular lens grating.
The application provides a three-dimensional light field display system, includes: the prism array comprises at least one prism group, each prism group comprises a plurality of prisms arranged according to a preset rule, the preset rule is related to the pixel arrangement mode of the display source corresponding to the corresponding prism group, and any prism group comprises at least two prisms; the prism array modulates a plurality of first light rays emitted by the display source to obtain a plurality of second light rays, and emits the plurality of second light rays to the cylindrical lens grating, wherein when all the second light rays emitted by all the prisms in any prism group in the prism array enter the cylindrical lens grating, the incident light angles are different in the horizontal direction; and the cylindrical lens grating is used for modulating the incident second light rays and then emitting the modulated second light rays so as to obtain a three-dimensional display light field. Light is modulated by arranging a prism array between a display source and a lenticular lens grating, any prism group comprises at least two prisms, the light emitted by the pixels of the display source corresponding to each prism group can be modulated, all second light emitted by any prism group is incident to the lenticular lens grating, the incident light angle is different in the horizontal direction, and the second light is refracted by the lenticular lens grating, the horizontal direction and the vertical direction corresponding to each prism group are used for constructing the viewpoint of the horizontal direction, the resolution of the vertical direction is properly reduced, the resolution of the horizontal direction is improved, although the absolute resolution is not changed, the resolutions of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are balanced, the visual resolution of a user is improved, and the display effect of a three-dimensional light field is optimized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments are briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a viewpoint construction of a cylindrical lens grating-based three-dimensional light field display provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional light field display system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle of modulating light directions by a prism according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a viewpoint construction after light is modulated by a prism group provided in the embodiment of the present application.
The components denoted by the reference numerals in fig. 2 to 4 are: 1 display source, 2 prisms, 3 cylindrical lenses.
Detailed Description
The following describes technical solutions of embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
The terminology used in the following embodiments of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present application. As used in the specification of the present application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that although the terms first, second, etc. may be used in the following embodiments to describe a certain class of objects, the objects should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish between particular objects of that class of objects. For example, the terms first, second, etc. may be used in the following embodiments to describe rays, but rays should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish between different light rays. The following embodiments may adopt the terms first, second, etc. to describe other class objects in the same way, and are not described herein again.
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of optics, in the three-dimensional light field display technology, the emergent light of a display source is modulated by a cylindrical lens grating generally, so that pixels of the display source in the horizontal direction are used for constructing a viewpoint in the horizontal direction, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic view for constructing the viewpoint of the three-dimensional light field display based on the cylindrical lens grating provided by the embodiment of the application, the width of the intercept P of the cylindrical lens is equal to the width of 9 pixels in the display source, therefore, 9 viewpoints are constructed in the horizontal direction after modulation, and then three-dimensional display is performed. However, the resolution in the horizontal direction is inversely proportional to the number of viewpoints, and the higher the number of viewpoints is, the lower the resolution in the horizontal direction is, while the resolution in the vertical direction is unchanged, which affects the viewing experience of the user.
In order to solve the problem of uneven resolution in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction on the premise of not reducing the number of viewpoints, the embodiment of the application provides a three-dimensional light field display system, which can balance the resolution in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction and improve the visual resolution of three-dimensional light field display under the condition of ensuring that the number of viewpoints is not changed.
The three-dimensional light field display system according to the embodiments of the present application is described below in several embodiments.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional light field display system according to an embodiment of the present application, including: a display source 1, a prism array and a lenticular sheet, wherein,
the prism array comprises at least one prism group, each prism group comprises a plurality of prisms 2 which are arranged according to a preset rule, the preset rule is related to the pixel arrangement mode of the display source 1 corresponding to the corresponding prism group, and any prism group comprises at least two prisms 2;
the prism array modulates a plurality of first light rays emitted by the display source 1 to obtain a plurality of second light rays, and emits the plurality of second light rays to the lenticular lens grating, and when all the second light rays emitted by all the prisms 2 in any prism group in the prism array enter the lenticular lens grating, the incident light angles are different in the horizontal direction;
and the cylindrical lens grating is used for modulating the incident second light rays and then emitting the modulated second light rays so as to obtain a three-dimensional display light field.
In this embodiment, the display source 1 provides three-dimensional image content for a three-dimensional light field display system, where the display source 1 includes, but is not limited to, a liquid crystal display screen and an LED display screen that are illuminated by a backlight, and any display device that can provide information different from traditional two-dimensional display may be used as the display source 1 of the present application, which is not limited in this application. As shown in fig. 2, a prism array is disposed in front of the emitting surface of the display source 1, wherein each prism 2 modulates light emitted from a corresponding pixel, the prisms 2 in a prism group correspond to a group of pixels, and the light emitted from a group of pixels corresponds to a plurality of viewpoints in the same horizontal direction after being modulated. As shown in fig. 2, from the overlooking perspective, the direction corresponding to the x axis is called the horizontal direction, and the direction corresponding to the y axis is called the vertical direction, because any prism group includes at least two prisms 2, and at least two prisms 2 are respectively disposed in the vertical direction, light emitted by original pixels in the vertical direction can be modulated to obtain a plurality of second light, which is incident into the lenticular lens grating from different angles, and then a plurality of viewpoints in the same horizontal direction are obtained through modulation of the lenticular lens grating, so that a viewpoint in the horizontal direction is constructed by using the pixels in the vertical direction, the resolution in the vertical direction is properly reduced, the resolution in the horizontal direction is improved, and the overall visual resolution of the three-dimensional light field is improved.
In an optional embodiment, the slope angles and the rotation angles of the plurality of prisms 2 in any one of the at least one prism group are set according to preset angles, so as to modulate the first light rays in each incident direction to obtain second light rays, and make the angles of all the second light rays in the horizontal direction different when the second light rays are incident on the lenticular lens grating.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the incident light and the outgoing light of the prism 2 satisfy the law of refraction:
n air conditioner sinθ 1 ＝n Prism sinθ 2
Wherein n is Air conditioner Is the refractive index of air, n Prism The refractive index of the prism 2 and the slope angle of the prism 2 are theta 1 The angle of rotation of the prism 2 is beta, theta 2 The angle between the emergent ray and the perpendicular to the slope of the prism 2 is alpha, and alpha =90 ° + theta 1 -θ 2 Prism 2 outgoing ray vector
Can be expressed in xyz coordinate axes
As shown in fig. 4, one prism group includes nine prisms 2, wherein the nine prisms 2 are arranged in a three-row three-column format, and respectively correspond to pixels No. 1 to 9 in the display source 1, and the direction of the outgoing light from the pixels No. 1 to 9 entering the cylindrical lens 3 is adjusted by adjusting the respective slope angles and rotation angles of the nine prisms 2.
In an alternative embodiment, the prisms 2 in any two prism groups in the prism array are the same in number and arrangement, and the slope angles and the rotation angles of the prisms 2 at the same positions in any two prism groups are the same.
In this embodiment, 2 quantity of prisms in every group prism group and arrange and the angle all is the same, based on this, can make the incident angle of the light after the prism modulation of same position in a plurality of prism groups the same, has promoted and has watched experience.
In an alternative embodiment, each prism 2 in the at least one prism group corresponds to each pixel of the display source 1 one by one;
each prism 2 modulates the light exiting the corresponding pixel.
In an alternative embodiment, the size of each prism 2 in the at least one prism group is smaller than or equal to the size of each pixel of the display source 1.
In an alternative embodiment, the intercept width of any of the cylindrical lenses 3 in the lenticular lens grating is the same as the width of all pixels corresponding to any of the prism groups in the at least one prism group.
In an alternative embodiment, any one of the cylindrical lenses 3 in the lenticular lens grating receives the second light emitted from at least one of the prism groups, and the incident points of the second light emitted from different prism groups in at least one of the prism groups corresponding to any one of the cylindrical lenses 3 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the lenticular lens grating.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the intercept P of the cylindrical lens 3 is equal to the width of three pixels in the horizontal direction in one prism group, where the intercept P is approximately equal to the width of three pixels, and is not necessarily equal, and it is only necessary that the cylindrical lens 3 can cover all pixels corresponding to the current prism group. After the light emitted by the light source is modulated by the prism group, the incident light angles of the light emitted by 1 to 9 pixels entering the cylindrical lens 3 are different in the horizontal direction, and further, the light is modulated and emitted by the cylindrical lens 3 to form 9 viewpoints. Similarly, assuming that all prism arrays comprise U × V prism sets, then the chief ray used to construct each viewpoint has U × V angles, and each prism set comprises M × N sub-pixels, then M × N viewpoints can be constructed in the horizontal direction, with the intercept P of the cylindrical lenses 3 equal to the width of M pixels.
In this embodiment, the total prism array includes U × V prism groups, and then U cylindrical lenses 3 should be included in the lenticular grating, and for any one cylindrical lens 3, V prism groups are corresponding to the vertical direction. Second light incident points corresponding to the plurality of prism groups in the same vertical direction are on the same cylindrical lens 3, and the incident points corresponding to each prism group are sequentially arranged along the direction of the cylindrical lens 3, namely, the vertical direction.
In this embodiment, for example, 9 viewpoints are constructed in the horizontal direction by using the display source 1 with a resolution of 1920 × 1080, and by using a conventional method, the resolution of the finally constructed three-dimensional image in the horizontal direction is reduced by 9 times, while the resolution in the vertical direction is unchanged, so that the resolution of the final three-dimensional image is about 213 × 1080, and it can be seen that the difference between the resolutions in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction is large, and thus the visual resolution of the whole three-dimensional image is poor. For the same display source 1 with the resolution of 1920 × 1080 to construct 9 viewpoints in the horizontal direction, the present application provides that the prism array includes 640 × 360 prism groups, where each prism group includes 3 × 3 prisms 2, and each prism group corresponds to 9 pixels in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction respectively, that is, each prism group constructs 9 viewpoints in the horizontal direction by using 9 pixels in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, so that the resolution of the finally viewed three-dimensional image is 640 × 360, although the absolute resolution of the three-dimensional image is not changed, the resolutions in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are equalized, and the display effect of the three-dimensional lightfield is optimized.
In summary, the three-dimensional light field display system of the embodiment of the present application appropriately reduces the resolution in the vertical direction, improves the resolution in the horizontal direction, and balances the resolutions in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction although the absolute resolution is not changed, so that the visual resolution of the user is improved, and the display effect of the three-dimensional light field is optimized.
While alternative embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications of these embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present application should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A three-dimensional light field display system, comprising: a display source, a prism array, and a lenticular sheet, wherein,
the prism array comprises at least one prism group, each prism group comprises a plurality of prisms arranged according to a preset rule, the preset rule is related to the pixel arrangement mode of the display source corresponding to the corresponding prism group, and any prism group comprises at least two prisms;
the prism array modulates a plurality of first light rays emitted by the display source to obtain a plurality of second light rays, and emits the plurality of second light rays to the cylindrical lens grating, wherein the light ray angles of all the second light rays emitted by all the prisms in any prism group in the prism array when the second light rays enter the cylindrical lens grating are different in the horizontal direction;
and the cylindrical lens grating is used for modulating the incident second light rays and then emitting the modulated second light rays to obtain a three-dimensional display light field.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the slope angles and the rotation angles of the plurality of prisms in any one of the at least one prism group are set according to predetermined angles to modulate the first light in each incident direction to obtain the second light, such that all the second light has different angles in the horizontal direction when being incident on the lenticular lens.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein any two prism groups in the prism array have the same number and arrangement of prisms, and wherein the same prism slope angle and rotation angle are the same for prisms at the same position in any two prism groups.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein each prism of the at least one prism group has a one-to-one correspondence with each pixel of the display source;
each prism modulates the light emitted by the corresponding pixel.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein a size of each prism in the at least one prism group is less than or equal to a size of each pixel of the display source.
6. The system of claim 4, wherein an intercept width of any of the lenticules of the lenticular sheet is the same as a full pixel width corresponding to any of the prism groups of the at least one prism group.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein any one of the cylindrical lenses in the lenticular lens array receives the second light beams from at least one of the prism groups, and the incident points of the second light beams from different prism groups in the at least one of the prism groups corresponding to any one of the cylindrical lenses are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the lenticular lens array.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211171799.1A CN115524859A (en) | 2022-09-26 | 2022-09-26 | Three-dimensional light field display system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211171799.1A CN115524859A (en) | 2022-09-26 | 2022-09-26 | Three-dimensional light field display system |
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| CN115524859A true CN115524859A (en) | 2022-12-27 |
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| CN202211171799.1A Pending CN115524859A (en) | 2022-09-26 | 2022-09-26 | Three-dimensional light field display system |
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