CN115523055B - Solid-liquid engine explosive column and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Solid-liquid engine explosive column and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115523055B CN115523055B CN202211497101.5A CN202211497101A CN115523055B CN 115523055 B CN115523055 B CN 115523055B CN 202211497101 A CN202211497101 A CN 202211497101A CN 115523055 B CN115523055 B CN 115523055B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/08—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using solid propellants
- F02K9/10—Shape or structure of solid propellant charges
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/08—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using solid propellants
- F02K9/24—Charging rocket engines with solid propellants; Methods or apparatus specially adapted for working solid propellant charges
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solid-liquid engine grain and a preparation method thereof.A unit spiral icosahedron tiny curved surface structure is arrayed along three dimensions to be larger than the size of the grain to obtain a spiral icosahedron lattice structure; thickening to obtain a lamellar spiral icosahedron lattice structure; intersecting the grain model with a lamellar spiral icosahedron lattice structure to obtain a spiral icosahedron lattice structure consistent with the grain model; and (3) obtaining a metal fuel framework of the grain after 3D printing, filling solid fuel in the pores of the metal fuel framework, and curing and forming the grain. According to the invention, by using the method of embedding the metal tiny curved surface structure into the solid grain, the uniform addition of the metal fuel is realized, the density specific impulse of the grain is improved, no burden influence is caused on other parts and structures of the engine, and the problem that metal powder is difficult to be uniformly distributed in the solid fuel in the prior art is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid-liquid rocket engines, and particularly relates to a solid-liquid engine grain and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The solid grain is the core component of the solid-liquid hybrid rocket engine, and solid fuels such as HTPB, HDPE, PMMA can be used for preparing the solid grain as polymer fuels with stable combustion, but the solid grain is not easy to generate thermal decomposition, and the combustion speed is low due to low gasification rate in the working process.
At present, the mainstream ways for increasing the burning rate include the following ways: (1) The metal powder is added into the solid fuel to enhance the heat feedback of the high-temperature fuel gas to the surface, but the metal powder is uniformly distributed in the solid fuel, so that the requirement on the fuel preparation process is extremely high, and the ignition difficulty is increased. (2) The use of porous, star-shaped or wheel-shaped grains increases the combustion surface, but this complicates the structural design of the grains and reduces the space utilization of the engine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a solid-liquid engine grain and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problem that metal powder is difficult to distribute uniformly in solid fuel in the prior art.
In a first aspect of the invention, a solid-liquid engine cartridge is provided, comprising a metal fuel framework, wherein the metal fuel framework is a spiral twenty-tetrahedral lattice structure prepared from metal fuel, and solid fuel is filled in pores of the metal fuel framework.
Further, the gyroid lattice structure includes a plurality of unit gyroid infinitesimal curved surface structures arrayed in a three-dimensional space and connected to each other without gaps.
Further, the outline shape and the size of the metal fuel framework are the same as those of the grain.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a solid-liquid engine charge, comprising the steps of:
s1, drawing a unit spiral icosahedron minimum curved surface structure;
s2, arraying the unit spiral icosahedron tiny curved surface structure along three dimensions to a size larger than that of the drug column to obtain a spiral icosahedron lattice structure;
s3, thickening the obtained spiral icosahedron lattice structure to obtain a lamellar spiral icosahedron lattice structure;
s4, intersecting the model of the grain with the obtained lamellar spiral icosahedron lattice structure to obtain a spiral icosahedron lattice structure consistent with the grain model;
S5.3D printing a spiral icosahedron lattice structure consistent with the charge column model to obtain a metal fuel framework with the spiral icosahedron lattice structure;
s6, filling solid fuel in the pores of the obtained spiral twenty-tetrahedron lattice structure of the metal fuel framework, and solidifying and forming the powder column.
Further, the preparation method also comprises a filling density setting method of the metal fuel framework, and specifically, the number of unit spiral icosahedron tiny curved surface structures in a given volume is changed so as to adjust the filling density of the spiral icosahedron lattice structure.
Further, the metal fuel framework is integrally formed by adopting any one of metal powder of aluminum, magnesium or aluminum-magnesium alloy through an additive manufacturing technology.
Further, the solid fuel is an HTPB-based fuel.
Further, the thickness of the unit spiral icosahedron minimum curved surface structure is 0.05-0.1mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the spiral twenty-tetrahedron lattice structure adopted by the invention is used as a metal fuel framework, the thickness of the fuel framework is constant, and the phenomenon of metal powder agglomeration cannot occur; and the spiral twenty tetrahedron has the characteristic of three periods and can be infinitely arrayed along the directions of x, y and z, so that the spiral twenty tetrahedron is uniformly distributed in the grains along the axial direction, the lattice structure made of metal can realize uniform heat conduction of the grains along the way, the combustion speed is favorably and uniformly promoted in the axial direction of the grains, and the oxygen-fuel ratio is kept constant along the combustion channel.
2. Based on the different burning rates of the metal fuel framework and the solid fuel, the invention ensures that the metal protrusions are formed on the burning surface of the spiral icosahedron lattice structure when the engine works, the disturbance is generated to the flow field of the oxidant, the turbulent burning intensity of the oxidant in the burning process of the explosive column is enhanced, and the burning rate is effectively improved.
3. In addition, the porous structure characteristic of the spiral icosahedron lattice structure can enable the solid fuel and the metal fuel framework to be tightly attached, the problem of falling of the solid fuel caused by incompatibility of the solid fuel and the metal fuel framework is avoided, and the safety of the solid-liquid rocket engine is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a unit-helix icosahedron minimum curved surface structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a spiral icosahedral lattice structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a metal fuel architecture in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a metal fuel architecture (viewed along the length of the charge) in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a 3/4 cross-sectional view of a metal fuel architecture in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a 3/4 sectional view of a metal fuel structure filled with solid fuel in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a charge for a solid-liquid engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph comparing the combustion surface recession rate of an HTPB-based powder column having a spiral icosahedron lattice structure according to example 1 of the present invention with that of a conventional HTPB-based powder column;
wherein: 1. filling pores of the solid fuel; 2. a spiral icosahedron minimum curved surface structure; 3. an oxidant passage; 4. a solid fuel.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The minimum curved surface is defined as a curved surface with zero average curvature, and has wide application prospect in the aspects of aerospace, petrochemical industry, machinery and the like due to excellent mechanical properties. The extremely small curved surface is a direct result of natural force distribution, has the advantages of minimum potential energy, stable structure, uniform load and difficult stress concentration, and is widely applied to the field of buildings at first.
Gyroid, diamond, schwarz P are the most important and ubiquitous three kinds of extremely small curved surfaces, among which Gyroid (Gyroid) is a representative sample of the minimization of the free energy of the structure in nature, and was first discovered by Luzzati et al in 1967, and was determined as the periodic minimum curved surface structure by Alan Schoen in 1970, and can be described by the formula sinx × cosy + siny × cosz + sinz × cosx =0, and such curved surfaces contain no straight lines and no plane symmetry, and belong to the body-centered cubic structure.
According to the invention, a solid-liquid engine explosive column is obtained by embedding a metal extremely-small curved surface structure into a solid explosive column, as shown in fig. 1-6, the explosive column comprises a metal fuel framework, the metal fuel framework is a spiral twenty-tetrahedron lattice structure prepared from metal fuel, and solid fuel is filled in pores of the metal fuel framework.
The metal fuel framework of the grain of the invention is a spiral icosahedron lattice structure, and the solid fuel is filled in the pores of the lattice structure, so that the spiral icosahedron lattice structure is uniformly distributed in the fuel, and the lattice structure made of metal can realize uniform heat conduction of the grain along the way, which is beneficial to uniformly improving the burning speed in the axial direction of the grain, thereby keeping the oxygen-fuel ratio constant along the burning channel.
In the invention, the spiral icosahedron lattice structure comprises a plurality of unit spiral icosahedron minimum curved surface structures which are arrayed in a three-dimensional space and are in seamless connection with each other. The unit spiral icosahedron extremely-small curved surface structure is the minimum unit and has the characteristic of an extremely-small curved surface, and the spiral icosahedron lattice structure formed by the unit spiral icosahedron extremely-small curved surface structure has the advantages of stable structure and uniform distribution of the extremely-small curved surface.
The outline shape and the size of the metal fuel framework are the same as those of the grain. The grain and the crystal lattice structure of the metal fuel framework are in the same shape and size, and are arranged into a hollow coaxial cylinder structure, and the mesopore is an oxidant channel. In general, the ratio of the outer diameter of the grain to the inner diameter of the middle hole is set to 5, the ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter of the middle hole is set to 3, and the length of the grain and the metal lattice structure may be 100mm, the outer diameter 60mm and the inner diameter 20mm.
When the engine works, the oxidant is injected from the head part along the axial direction, flows through the oxidant channel and contacts with the combustion surface, the spiral twenty-tetrahedron lattice structure participates in combustion when the solid-liquid mixed engine works, and based on the metal fuel framework and different combustion speeds of solid fuels, metal protrusions are formed on the combustion surface of the spiral twenty-tetrahedron lattice structure when the engine works, disturbance is generated on an oxidant flow field, the turbulent combustion intensity of the oxidant in the combustion process of the explosive column is enhanced, and the combustion speed is effectively improved.
In another aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a solid-liquid engine charge is also provided, a flow chart of which is shown in fig. 7, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, drawing to obtain a unit spiral icosahedron minimum curved surface structure.
Implicit expression of gyroid curved surface structure
+
Drawing in three-dimensional space to obtain a unit spiral icosahedron minimum curved surface structure, wherein l x , l y , l z Is the length of the unit spiral icosahedron minimum curved surface structure in the x direction, the y direction and the z direction, and is shown in figure 1.
S2, arraying the unit spiral icosahedron tiny curved surface structure along three dimensions to a size larger than that of the medicine column to obtain a spiral icosahedron lattice structure, wherein the size of the obtained spiral icosahedron lattice structure is larger than that of the medicine column, and the processing according to the medicine column model is facilitated.
The unit spiral icosahedron minimum curved Surface structure used in the invention belongs to a three-cycle minimum curved Surface structure (TPMS), which has isotropy, namely periodicity in x, y and z directions, and can be infinitely expanded along three directions, so that the structure can be established by Periodic replication along three directions, when one array spiral icosahedron curved Surface structure is replicated along a certain direction, the arrangement distance is equal to the side length of the spiral icosahedron curved Surface, and the initial end of the obtained replicated spiral icosahedron curved Surface structure can be seamlessly connected with the tail end of the original unit spiral icosahedron minimum curved Surface.
The preparation method further comprises a filling density setting method of the unit spiral icosahedron minimum curved surface structure, and specifically, the filling density of the spiral icosahedron lattice structure is adjusted by changing the number of the unit spiral icosahedron minimum curved surface structures in a given volume.
And S3, thickening the obtained spiral icosahedron lattice structure to obtain a lamellar spiral icosahedron lattice structure.
By combining the current mature 3D printing technical level, the thickness of the unit spiral icosahedron tiny curved surface structure is set to be 0.05-0.1mm, and it needs to be noted that the thickness of the unit spiral icosahedron tiny curved surface structure is the thickness of the lamellar spiral icosahedron lattice structure.
And S4, intersecting the model of the grain with the obtained lamellar spiral icosahedron lattice structure to obtain a spiral icosahedron lattice structure consistent with the grain model, as shown in figures 3-5.
S5.3D prints a spiral icosahedron lattice structure consistent with the charge model, resulting in a metal fuel architecture with a charge of spiral icosahedron lattice structure.
The metal fuel framework is generally formed by integrally manufacturing any one of metal powder of aluminum, magnesium or aluminum-magnesium alloy through an additive manufacturing technology, and can also be formed by integrally manufacturing other metal powder commonly used by engine grains through the additive manufacturing technology.
S6, filling solid fuel in the pores of the obtained metal fuel framework spiral icosahedron lattice structure, and solidifying and forming the solid fuel into a grain, as shown in figure 6.
The solid fuel can be HTPB base fuel, and after a spiral icosahedron lattice structure is manufactured through 3D printing, the HTPB base fuel is filled in a pouring mode and solidified and molded in a mold.
When the engine works, the oxidant is axially sprayed from the head of the charge and flows through the oxidant channel to contact the combustion surface.
According to the solid-liquid engine grain prepared by the invention, firstly, combustion heat is conducted to the inside of the grain along the metal fuel framework based on the good heat conductivity of metal, so that the gasification rate of solid fuel attached to the metal fuel framework is increased, the combustion surface is further increased, namely, the overall combustion speed of the grain is increased, and the metal fuel framework is uniformly distributed along the axial direction, so that uniform heat conduction along the way can be realized; secondly, forming metal protrusions on the combustion surface of the engine when the engine works by using different combustion speeds of the metal fuel and the solid fuel, generating disturbance on an oxidant flow field and enhancing turbulent combustion intensity; thirdly, the porous structure of the spiral icosahedron can improve the problem that the metal framework of the grain is incompatible with the filled solid fuel; finally, the stable structure of the spiral twenty tetrahedron, uniform load distribution and difficult stress concentration are beneficial to improving the mechanical property of the grain.
Example 1
In this example, the lengths of the grains and the metal lattice structure are 100mm, the outer diameter is 60mm, and the inner diameter is 20mm, for example, to prepare a grain for a solid-liquid engine.
S1, drawing to obtain a unit spiral icosahedron minimum curved surface structure.
S2, a cube with the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm is given, 5 unit spiral icosahedron minimum curved surface structures are sequentially arrayed in each side length direction, namely the side length of the corresponding unit spiral icosahedron minimum curved surface structure is 20mm, and an integral lattice structure, namely a spiral icosahedron lattice structure, is generated.
And S3, thickening the obtained spiral icosahedron lattice structure to obtain a lamellar spiral icosahedron lattice structure, wherein the thickness of the obtained spiral icosahedron lattice structure is 0.1mm.
And S4, taking the central point of the square as the center, establishing a grain model of the hollow coaxial cylindrical barrel with the diameter of 60mm, the height of 100mm and the middle hole diameter of 20mm, and intersecting the grain model with the square sheet layered spiral icosahedron lattice structure in the step S3, wherein the intersected part is a metal fuel framework which is filled in the grain and has the spiral icosahedron lattice structure.
And S5, manufacturing a metal fuel framework by using metal aluminum powder in a 3D printing mode to obtain an entity structure of the metal fuel framework.
S6, filling HTPB base fuel in the pores of the obtained metal fuel framework in a pouring mode, cooling in a mold, and taking out the explosive column.
The fuel that this embodiment was aimed at is HTPB fuel, and HTPB fuel is more extensive for containing paraffin fuel and using, and it has three-dimensional network structure, and the burning is more stable, and mechanical properties is better, therefore this embodiment can realize moving speed's promotion under the prerequisite of guaranteeing solid fuel mechanical properties and combustion stability.
In the embodiment, the solid-liquid rocket engine experiment table with oxygen as the oxidant is used as the basis, and the experiment result is shown in fig. 8, so that the overall burning rate of the HTPB base explosive column is improved, and the burning surface retreating rate is improved by 20.3%.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present application and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. The solid-liquid engine grain is characterized by comprising a metal fuel framework, wherein the metal fuel framework is a spiral twenty-tetrahedron lattice structure prepared from metal fuel, and solid fuel is filled in pores of the metal fuel framework;
the spiral icosahedron lattice structure comprises a plurality of unit spiral icosahedron tiny curved surface structures which are arrayed in a three-dimensional space and connected with each other without gaps;
the outline shape and the size of the metal fuel framework are the same as those of the grain;
based on the metal fuel framework and the different burning rates of the solid fuel, when the engine works, metal protrusions are formed on the burning surface of the spiral icosahedron lattice structure, disturbance is generated on the flow field of the oxidant, the turbulent burning intensity of the oxidant in the burning process of the explosive column is enhanced, and the burning rate is improved.
2. The preparation method of the solid-liquid engine grain according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, drawing a unit spiral icosahedron minimum curved surface structure;
s2, arraying the unit spiral icosahedron tiny curved surface structure along three dimensions to a size larger than that of the drug column to obtain a spiral icosahedron lattice structure;
s3, thickening the obtained spiral icosahedron lattice structure to obtain a lamellar spiral icosahedron lattice structure;
s4, intersecting the model of the grain with the obtained lamellar spiral icosahedron lattice structure to obtain a spiral icosahedron lattice structure consistent with the grain model;
S5.3D printing a spiral icosahedron lattice structure consistent with the charge column model to obtain a metal fuel framework with the spiral icosahedron lattice structure;
s6, filling solid fuel in the pores of the obtained spiral icosahedron lattice structure of the metal fuel framework, and solidifying and forming the chemical column.
3. The production method according to claim 2,
the preparation method also comprises a filling density setting method of the metal fuel framework, and specifically, the filling density of the spiral icosahedron lattice structure is adjusted by changing the number of unit spiral icosahedron minimum curved surface structures in a given volume.
4. The production method according to claim 3,
the metal fuel framework is integrally formed by adopting any one of metal powder of aluminum, magnesium or aluminum-magnesium alloy through an additive manufacturing technology.
5. The method according to claim 3,
the solid fuel is an HTPB-based fuel.
6. A method of manufacture as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 5, characterised in that
The thickness of the unit spiral icosahedron extremely-small curved surface structure is 0.05-0.1mm.
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Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5714711A (en) * | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-03 | Mei Corporation | Encapsulated propellant grain composition, method of preparation, article fabricated therefrom and method of fabrication |
| TW201321300A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2013-06-01 | Nat Univ Tsing Hua | Metal nanostructure and preparation thereof |
| CN109338144A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-02-15 | 三峡大学 | A kind of preparation method of 20 four sides leptospira structure foam copper |
| CN113339161A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-03 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Solid-liquid rocket engine grain based on novel metal fuel adding method |
| CN113357053A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-07 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | High-performance solid-liquid hybrid rocket engine metal fuel embedded explosive column |
| CN114329661A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-12 | 苏州大学 | Design method for realizing ultrahigh porosity structure based on extremely small curved surface |
-
2022
- 2022-11-28 CN CN202211497101.5A patent/CN115523055B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5714711A (en) * | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-03 | Mei Corporation | Encapsulated propellant grain composition, method of preparation, article fabricated therefrom and method of fabrication |
| TW201321300A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2013-06-01 | Nat Univ Tsing Hua | Metal nanostructure and preparation thereof |
| CN109338144A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-02-15 | 三峡大学 | A kind of preparation method of 20 four sides leptospira structure foam copper |
| CN113339161A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-03 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Solid-liquid rocket engine grain based on novel metal fuel adding method |
| CN113357053A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-07 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | High-performance solid-liquid hybrid rocket engine metal fuel embedded explosive column |
| CN114329661A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-12 | 苏州大学 | Design method for realizing ultrahigh porosity structure based on extremely small curved surface |
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