CN115518403A - Device and method for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by ester exchange method - Google Patents
Device and method for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by ester exchange method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115518403A CN115518403A CN202211254950.8A CN202211254950A CN115518403A CN 115518403 A CN115518403 A CN 115518403A CN 202211254950 A CN202211254950 A CN 202211254950A CN 115518403 A CN115518403 A CN 115518403A
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- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 153
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical group OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006315 carbonylation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005810 carbonylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006136 alcoholysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BLLFVUPNHCTMSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl nitrite Chemical compound CON=O BLLFVUPNHCTMSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005677 organic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
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-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
- B01D3/32—Other features of fractionating columns ; Constructional details of fractionating columns not provided for in groups B01D3/16 - B01D3/30
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
- B01D3/32—Other features of fractionating columns ; Constructional details of fractionating columns not provided for in groups B01D3/16 - B01D3/30
- B01D3/322—Reboiler specifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/34—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping with one or more auxiliary substances
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C68/00—Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C68/06—Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids from organic carbonates
- C07C68/065—Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids from organic carbonates from alkylene carbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C68/00—Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C68/08—Purification; Separation; Stabilisation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by using a transesterification method, and relates to the technical field of fine chemical engineering. This device of synthetic dimethyl carbonate of ester interchange method, including the pre-heater, the pan feeding mouth intercommunication of discharge gate through connecting tube and DMC reaction rectifying column of pre-heater, the top of the tower of DMC reaction rectifying column is provided with condenser, reflux drum and backwash pump respectively, be provided with reboiler and tower cauldron pump on the tower cauldron of DMC reaction rectifying column respectively, the upper portion of DMC reaction rectifying column is the rectifying section, includes 1-5 sections and packs, the lower part of DMC reaction rectifying column is shell and tube reactor, shell and tube reactor is connected through the rectifying section and the tower cauldron of flange with DMC reaction rectifying column. Through the rectifying section on the DMC reaction rectifying tower and the tubular reactor, the temperature of a reaction system can be kept constant while reaction rectification is realized, and stable reaction is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fine chemical engineering, in particular to a device and a method for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by using a transesterification method.
Background
Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is an important, nontoxic and environment-friendly green chemical product, is known as 'new stone' organically synthesized in the 21 st century, is an important raw material for green synthesis of organic carbonate and polyester, can be used as an additive for improving the octane number of gasoline, and is also widely used for preparation of electrolyte of lithium ion batteries.
The industrial synthesis method of DMC mainly includes phosgene method, ester exchange method, methanol oxidation carbonylation method and urea alcoholysis method, as is well known, phosgene has high toxicity, and the phosgene method has been gradually replaced by other methods for environmental protection; with methanol, O 2 The DMC prepared by the methanol oxidation carbonylation method using CO and the like as main raw materials has the advantages of cheap and easily obtained raw materials and better economic value, but generally needs NO and methyl nitrite as intermediate products, so the pressure for safe production is higher, the DMC production process which is most widely applied at present is the ester exchange method, but the process generally adopts sodium methoxide as a catalyst, and more three wastes are generated at the later stage, so the technical personnel in the field provide a device and a method for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by the ester exchange method.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by using a transesterification method, which solve the problem of more three wastes generated in the conventional synthesis of dimethyl carbonate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a device of synthetic dimethyl carbonate of ester exchange method, includes the pre-heater, the discharge gate of pre-heater passes through the pan feeding mouth intercommunication of connecting tube and DMC reaction rectifying column, the top of the tower of DMC reaction rectifying column is provided with condenser, reflux drum and backwash pump respectively, be provided with reboiler and tower cauldron pump on the tower cauldron of DMC reaction rectifying column respectively.
Preferably, the upper part of the DMC reaction rectifying tower is a rectifying section and comprises 1-5 sections of fillers, the lower part of the DMC reaction rectifying tower is a tubular reactor, the tubular reactor is connected with the rectifying section and a tower kettle of the DMC reaction rectifying tower through a flange, a liquid distributor is arranged between the rectifying section and the tubular reactor, and the nominal diameter of the tubular reactor is 20-80mm.
Preferably, the tubes of the tubular reactor are filled with a solid catalyst, the solid catalyst is a metal oxide or a metal carbonate, the metal oxide is a mixture of magnesium oxide, zinc oxide or aluminum oxide, and the metal carbonate is a mixture of potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate or zinc carbonate.
Preferably, the method for synthesizing the dimethyl carbonate by the ester exchange method comprises the following synthesis steps:
s1: preheating a mixed material of cyclic carbonate and methanol by a preheater, and conveying the preheated mixed material into a DMC reaction rectifying tower through a connecting pipeline for reaction and distillation;
s2: after the mixture of the cyclic carbonate and the methanol enters a space between a rectifying section and a tubular reactor of a DMC reaction rectifying tower, a liquid phase material flows through a pipe filled with a solid catalyst and reacts, and a gas phase material generated at the bottom of the tower rises to the rectifying section through the outside of the tubular reactor;
s3: after the reaction in the step S2, the gas-phase mixture is condensed by a condenser and then enters a reflux tank, and then is discharged by a reflux pump, and the liquid-phase mixture is discharged by a tower kettle pump.
Preferably, the cyclic carbonate in the step S1 is ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate, the mass ratio of the methanol to the cyclic carbonate is 4.5-8, and the temperature of the mixture of the cyclic carbonate and the methanol after being preheated by a preheater is 50-60 ℃.
Preferably, the top temperature of the DMC reaction rectifying tower in the step S2 is 65-80 ℃, and the pressure is 0.1-0.5 MPa.
Preferably, the temperature of the material condensed by the condenser in the step S3 is 35-45 ℃, and the pressure is 0.1-0.5 MPa.
Preferably, the material discharged from the discharge port of the reflux pump in the step S3 is an azeotrope of methanol and dimethyl carbonate, the mass content of the methanol is 25-35%, and the material discharged from the discharge port of the tower kettle is a mixture of the methanol, the dihydric alcohol and a dihydric alcohol condensate.
Preferably, the azeotrope of methanol and dimethyl carbonate generated by the reaction in the step S3 and the mixture of methanol, glycol and glycol condensate are conveyed to a subsequent process for purification treatment, wherein the glycol is ethylene glycol or propylene glycol, and the glycol condensate is diethylene glycol or dipropylene glycol.
The invention provides a device and a method for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by using a transesterification method. The method has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, through the rectifying section on the DMC reaction rectifying tower and the tubular reactor, the reaction rectification is realized, and meanwhile, the temperature of the reaction system can be kept constant, which is beneficial to the stable reaction.
2. The catalyst of the present invention is fixed inside the tube of the tubular reactor for reuse and can avoid the three waste caused by sodium methoxide.
3. The equipment of the invention has simple structure, easy and convenient operation, and the synthesis process is simple and efficient, thereby realizing the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate and the initial separation of materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Wherein, 1, a preheater; 2. a DMC reaction rectifying tower; 3. a condenser; 4. a reflux tank; 5. a reflux pump; 6. a reboiler; 7. a tower kettle pump.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in figure 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a device for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by a transesterification method, which comprises a preheater 1, wherein a discharge hole of the preheater 1 is communicated with a feed hole of a DMC reaction rectifying tower 2 through a connecting pipeline, a condenser 3, a reflux tank 4 and a reflux pump 5 are respectively arranged at the top of the DMC reaction rectifying tower 2, and a reboiler 6 and a tower kettle pump 7 are respectively arranged on a tower kettle of the DMC reaction rectifying tower 2.
The upper part of the DMC reaction rectifying tower 2 is a rectifying section which comprises 1-5 sections of packing, the lower part of the DMC reaction rectifying tower 2 is a tubular reactor, the tubular reactor is connected with the rectifying section and a tower kettle of the DMC reaction rectifying tower 2 through a flange, a liquid distributor is arranged between the rectifying section and the tubular reactor, and the nominal diameter of the tubular reactor is 20-80mm.
The tube of the tubular reactor is filled with a solid catalyst which is a metal oxide or a metal carbonate, the metal oxide is a mixture of magnesium oxide, zinc oxide or aluminum oxide, and the metal carbonate is a mixture of potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate or zinc carbonate.
A method for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by an ester exchange method comprises the following synthesis steps:
s1: preheating a mixed material of cyclic carbonate and methanol by a preheater 1, and then conveying the preheated mixed material into a DMC reaction rectifying tower 2 through a connecting pipeline for reaction and distillation;
s2: after the mixture of the cyclic carbonate and the methanol enters a space between a rectifying section and a tubular reactor of a DMC reaction rectifying tower 2, a liquid phase material flows through a pipe filled with a solid catalyst and reacts, and a gas phase material generated at the bottom of the tower rises to the rectifying section through the outside of the tubular reactor;
s3: after the reaction in the step S2, the gas phase mixture is condensed by the condenser 3, enters the reflux tank 4, and is discharged by the reflux pump 5, and the liquid phase mixture is discharged by the column bottom pump 7.
The cyclic carbonate in the step S1 is ethylene carbonate, the mass ratio of methanol to the cyclic carbonate is 4.5, and the temperature of the mixture of the cyclic carbonate and the methanol is 50 ℃ after the mixture is preheated by the preheater 1.
In the step S2, the temperature at the top of the DMC reaction rectifying tower 2 is 65 ℃, and the pressure is 0.1MPa.
And the temperature of the material condensed by the condenser 3 in the step S3 is 35 ℃, and the pressure is 0.1MPa.
In the step S3, the material discharged from the discharge hole of the reflux pump 5 is azeotrope of methanol and dimethyl carbonate, the mass content of the methanol is 25%, and the material discharged from the discharge hole of the tower kettle pump 7 is a mixture of the methanol, dihydric alcohol and a dihydric alcohol condensation compound.
And (3) conveying the azeotrope of the methanol and the dimethyl carbonate generated in the step (S3) and the mixture of the methanol, the dihydric alcohol and the dihydric alcohol condensate to a subsequent process for purification treatment, wherein the dihydric alcohol is ethylene glycol, and the dihydric alcohol condensate is diethylene glycol.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by a transesterification method, including the following synthesis steps:
s1: preheating a mixed material of cyclic carbonate and methanol by a preheater 1, and then conveying the preheated mixed material into a DMC reaction rectifying tower 2 through a connecting pipeline for reaction and distillation;
s2: after the mixture of the cyclic carbonate and the methanol enters a space between a rectifying section and a tubular reactor of a DMC reaction rectifying tower 2, a liquid phase material flows through a pipe filled with a solid catalyst and reacts, and a gas phase material generated at the bottom of the tower rises to the rectifying section through the outside of the tubular reactor;
s3: after the reaction in the step S2, the gas phase mixture is condensed by the condenser 3, enters the reflux tank 4, and is discharged by the reflux pump 5, and the liquid phase mixture is discharged by the column bottom pump 7.
The cyclic carbonate in the step S1 is ethylene carbonate, the mass ratio of methanol to the cyclic carbonate is 6, and the temperature of the mixture of the cyclic carbonate and the methanol is 55 ℃ after the mixture is preheated by the preheater 1.
In the step S2, the top temperature of the DMC reaction rectifying tower 2 is 70 ℃, and the pressure is 0.3MPa.
The temperature of the material condensed by the condenser 3 in the step S3 is 40 ℃, and the pressure is 0.3MPa.
And in the step S3, the material discharged from the discharge hole of the reflux pump 5 is an azeotrope of methanol and dimethyl carbonate, the mass content of the methanol is 30%, and the material discharged from the discharge hole of the tower kettle pump 7 is a mixture of the methanol, dihydric alcohol and a dihydric alcohol condensation compound.
And (3) conveying the azeotrope of the methanol and the dimethyl carbonate generated in the step (S3) and the mixture of the methanol, the dihydric alcohol and the dihydric alcohol condensate to a subsequent process for purification treatment, wherein the dihydric alcohol is ethylene glycol, and the dihydric alcohol condensate is diethylene glycol.
Example three:
as shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by a transesterification method, including the following synthesis steps:
s1: preheating a mixed material of cyclic carbonate and methanol by a preheater 1, and then conveying the preheated mixed material into a DMC reaction rectifying tower 2 through a connecting pipeline for reaction and distillation;
s2: after the mixture of the cyclic carbonate and the methanol enters a space between a rectifying section and a tubular reactor of a DMC reaction rectifying tower 2, a liquid phase material flows through a pipe filled with a solid catalyst and reacts, and a gas phase material generated at a tower kettle rises to the rectifying section through the outside of the tubular reactor;
s3: after the reaction in the step S2, the gas phase mixture is condensed by the condenser 3, enters the reflux tank 4, and is discharged by the reflux pump 5, and the liquid phase mixture is discharged by the column bottom pump 7.
The cyclic carbonate in the step S1 is propylene carbonate, the mass ratio of methanol to the cyclic carbonate is 8, and the temperature of the mixture of the cyclic carbonate and the methanol is 60 ℃ after the mixture is preheated by the preheater 1.
In the step S2, the temperature at the top of the DMC reaction rectifying tower 2 is 80 ℃, and the pressure is 0.5MPa.
The temperature of the material condensed by the condenser 3 in the step S3 is 45 ℃, and the pressure is 0.5MPa.
In the step S3, the material discharged from the discharge hole of the reflux pump 5 is azeotrope of methanol and dimethyl carbonate, the mass content of the methanol is 35%, and the material discharged from the discharge hole of the tower kettle pump 7 is a mixture of the methanol, dihydric alcohol and a dihydric alcohol condensation compound.
And (3) conveying the azeotrope of the methanol and the dimethyl carbonate generated in the step (S3) and the mixture of the methanol, the dihydric alcohol and the dihydric alcohol condensate to a subsequent process for purification treatment, wherein the dihydric alcohol is propylene glycol, and the dihydric alcohol condensate is dipropylene glycol.
Note: in the drawings of the present invention, A: a mixed material of cyclic carbonate and methanol; b: an azeotrope of methanol and dimethyl carbonate; c: methanol, glycol and glycol condensate.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A device for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by a transesterification method comprises a preheater (1) and is characterized in that: the discharge gate of pre-heater (1) passes through the pan feeding mouth intercommunication of connecting tube and DMC reaction rectifying column (2), the top of the tower of DMC reaction rectifying column (2) is provided with condenser (3), reflux drum (4) and backwash pump (5) respectively, be provided with reboiler (6) and tower cauldron pump (7) on the tower cauldron of DMC reaction rectifying column (2) respectively.
2. The apparatus for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by ester exchange method according to claim 1, wherein: the upper part of the DMC reaction rectifying tower (2) is a rectifying section and comprises 1-5 sections of fillers, the lower part of the DMC reaction rectifying tower (2) is a tubular reactor, the tubular reactor is connected with the rectifying section and a tower kettle of the DMC reaction rectifying tower (2) through a flange, a liquid distributor is arranged between the rectifying section and the tubular reactor, and the nominal diameter of the tubular reactor is 20-80mm.
3. The apparatus for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by ester exchange method according to claim 2, wherein: the method comprises the following steps of filling a solid catalyst in a tube of the tubular reactor, wherein the solid catalyst is a metal oxide or a metal carbonate, the metal oxide is a mixture of magnesium oxide, zinc oxide or aluminum oxide, and the metal carbonate is a mixture of potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate or zinc carbonate.
4. A method for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by a transesterification method, which is characterized in that the device for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by the transesterification method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 comprises the following synthesizing steps:
s1: preheating a mixed material of cyclic carbonate and methanol by a preheater (1), and then conveying the preheated mixed material into a DMC reaction rectifying tower (2) through a connecting pipeline for reaction and distillation;
s2: after the mixture of the cyclic carbonate and the methanol enters a space between a rectifying section and a tubular reactor of a DMC reaction rectifying tower (2), a liquid phase material flows through a pipe filled with a solid catalyst and reacts, and a gas phase material generated at the tower kettle rises to the rectifying section through the outside of the tubular reactor;
s3: after the reaction in the step S2, the gas phase mixture is condensed by the condenser (3) and then enters the reflux tank (4), and then is discharged by the reflux pump (5), and the liquid phase mixture is discharged by the tower kettle pump (7).
5. The method for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by the ester exchange method according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cyclic carbonate in the step S1 is ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate, the mass ratio of the methanol to the cyclic carbonate is 4.5-8, and the temperature of the mixture of the cyclic carbonate and the methanol is 50-60 ℃ after the mixture is preheated by the preheater (1).
6. The method for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by the ester exchange method according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the tower top temperature of the DMC reaction rectifying tower (2) in the step S2 is 65-80 ℃, and the pressure is 0.1-0.5 MPa.
7. The method for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by the ester exchange method according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the temperature of the material condensed by the condenser (3) in the step S3 is 35-45 ℃, and the pressure is 0.1-0.5 MPa.
8. The method for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by the ester exchange method according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the step S3, the material discharged from the discharge hole of the reflux pump (5) is an azeotrope of methanol and dimethyl carbonate, the mass content of the methanol is 25-35%, and the material discharged from the discharge hole of the tower kettle pump (7) is a mixture of the methanol, the dihydric alcohol and a dihydric alcohol condensation compound.
9. The method for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by the ester exchange method according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) conveying the azeotrope of the methanol and the dimethyl carbonate generated in the step (S3) and the mixture of the methanol, the dihydric alcohol and the dihydric alcohol condensate to a subsequent process for purification treatment, wherein the dihydric alcohol is ethylene glycol or propylene glycol, and the dihydric alcohol condensate is diethylene glycol or dipropylene glycol.
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