CN106588657A - Method for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate - Google Patents

Method for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106588657A
CN106588657A CN201610988571.XA CN201610988571A CN106588657A CN 106588657 A CN106588657 A CN 106588657A CN 201610988571 A CN201610988571 A CN 201610988571A CN 106588657 A CN106588657 A CN 106588657A
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Prior art keywords
catalyst
dimethyl carbonate
autoclave
carbonate
activated carbon
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CN201610988571.XA
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CN106588657B (en
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薛冰
吴晶
王少卿
柳娜
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Lianyungang Petrochemical Co Ltd
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Changzhou University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C68/00Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
    • C07C68/06Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids from organic carbonates
    • C07C68/065Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids from organic carbonates from alkylene carbonates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J21/00Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
    • B01J21/18Carbon
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/61Surface area
    • B01J35/618Surface area more than 1000 m2/g
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/64Pore diameter
    • B01J35/643Pore diameter less than 2 nm
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/64Pore diameter
    • B01J35/6472-50 nm
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/584Recycling of catalysts

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate. Activate carbon is used as a catalyst, ethylene carbonate and methanol are used as raw materials, and a reaction is carried out in an autoclave at a certain temperature and under a certain pressure. The method is simple to operate, the product and the catalyst can be conveniently separated, the product has high purity, the catalyst has good recycling and reusing performance, and production cost of dimethyl carbonate is greatly reduced.

Description

A kind of method of Synthesis of dimethyl carbonate
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation field of dimethyl carbonate, more particularly to a kind of to be used for ethylene carbonate and methyl alcohol ester exchange The method of Synthesis of dimethyl carbonate.
Background technology
Dimethyl carbonate (Dimethyl Carbonate, DMC), is a kind of water white transparency, slightly smell, micro- sweet during normal temperature Liquid, be insoluble in water, but can be with the almost all of immiscible organic solvent such as alcohol, ether, ketone.DMC toxicity was very low, in 1992 Just non-toxic product is classified as by Europe, is a kind of environmental protective type chemical raw material for meeting modern cleaning procedure requirement, therefore the synthesis of DMC Technology receives the extensive attention of domestic and international chemical circles.
DMC initial production method is phosgenation, is succeeded in developing in 1918, but the toxicity of phosgene and corrosivity are limited The application of this method, in particular with environmental protection by whole world attention degree increasingly raising, phosgenation is eliminated. The synthesizing ethylene carbonate that oxirane and carbon dioxide adopted for raw material under catalyst action, then make ethylene carbonate and methyl alcohol Carry out that ester exchange reaction obtains dimethyl carbonate and by-product ethylene glycol is domestic at present to industrialize using more dimethyl carbonate Production method.
Ester exchange reaction Synthesis of dimethyl carbonate catalyst system and catalyzing, can be divided into homogeneous catalysis anti-again according to catalyst system and catalyzing difference Should and heterogeneous catalytic reaction, at present both at home and abroad synthesis DMC is mainly by homogeneous catalytic reaction system, reaction catalysis used Agent has:Alkali metal oxide, alkali metal hydroxide, alkali metal alcoholates, alkali carbonate, alkaline metal oxalate, halogenation season Ammonium salt and organic base etc..The industrial catalyst by used by propene carbonate and methanol-fueled CLC dimethyl carbonate is sodium methoxide, But, be present many shortcomings in the use of sodium methoxide catalyst, can be summarized as follows:(1) consumption of catalyst is big, now industrial 1 ton of dimethyl carbonate is often produced, sodium methoxide 80-110kg of weight/mass percentage composition 25-30% or so is needed;(2) catalyst failure After produce substantial amounts of waste residue, cause environmental pollution;(3) precipitation of solid affects system quantity-produced to stablize in catalysis system Property, pipeline and equipment are blocked, have a strong impact on the continuity of production;(4) into complex process, in order to catalyst waste slag from reactant Remove in material system, solid waste is separated out when preventing rectifying, is attached to heat exchanger tube inner wall surface and is attached on filler, from Reactive distillation column tower reactor heavy constituent out will add desalted water and be passed through carbon dioxide, to make remaining catalyst sodium methoxide Failure is changed into NaOH then and carbon dioxide reaction is changed into inorganic salts sodium carbonate, then filters out sodium carbonate by filter, This causes production technology extremely complex;(5) catalyst is unable to reuse, due to generating sodium carbonate inorganic salts after catalyst failure, no There is catalytic action again.
Therefore, develop a kind of simple to operate, product and catalyst convenient separation, products obtained therefrom purity is high, and catalyst is reclaimed And the method for the good Synthesis of dimethyl carbonate of multiplexing performance is highly significant.However, up to the present closing by catalyst of activated carbon Into dimethyl carbonate also without document report.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to synthesize the synthesis technique occurred during DMC for current ester exchange to answer Miscellaneous, catalyst usage amount is big, high cost and separation and recovery of catalyst is difficult, the problems such as the yield of product DMC is relatively low, there is provided a kind of Simple to operate, product and catalyst convenient separation, products obtained therefrom purity is high, the carbonate synthesis that catalyst is reclaimed and multiplexing performance is good The method of dimethyl ester.
In order to solve the above problems, following technical scheme is present invention employs:
Synthesis DMC methods of the present invention, with ethylene carbonate and methyl alcohol as raw material, are reacted with activated carbon as catalyst Carrying out under certain reaction temperature and reaction pressure in autoclave.
What the method was specifically carried out as steps described below:Sequentially add in the autoclave of 100mL a certain amount of Methyl alcohol, ethylene carbonate and activated carbon, use CO2Air 2 times in displacement autoclave, then fill CO2To 0.3-2Mpa, magnetic agitation adds Heat, is warming up to 80-160 DEG C, reacts 4-8h.Room temperature is down to, centrifugation is extracted reaction solution, is analyzed, that is, obtain described carbonic acid two Methyl esters.
It is 10 as the mol ratio of limitation of the invention, methyl alcohol of the present invention and methyl ethyl carbonate:1, activated carbon Consumption is the 10-20% of ethylene carbonate quality.
Wherein, described catalyst activity charcoal technical indicator is as follows:
The structural parameters of activated carbon
The present invention is directly catalyzed the ester exchange reaction of ethylene carbonate and methyl alcohol with activated carbon as catalyst, not only cost It is low, process is simple, and also purifying products are convenient, and catalyst multiplexing performance is good.Previously had document report with graphene oxide Preferable result also obtain by the ester exchange reaction Synthesis of dimethyl carbonate of ethylene carbonate and methyl alcohol for catalyst.But Graphene oxide is after all that a kind of new material, its complex manufacturing, high energy consumption, and producing cost are expensive, in the short time Volume production cannot be also realized, therefore cannot industrialization promotion.In contrast, activated carbon is a kind of highly developed material, its source Extensively, production technology is ripe, therefore price is far below graphene oxide, and it is cost that this also can directly cause dimethyl carbonate production Reduction.And, compared with emerging graphene material, there are many decades in Material Field in activated carbon.The present invention's Activated carbon is found to be there is provided a kind of brand-new application approach, and is not only to use as catalyst carrier, this also will be work Property charcoal manufacturer expand a new application approach.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described further with regard to following examples, however, it should be noted that these embodiments are only to illustrate It is used, and is not necessarily to be construed as the restriction of present invention enforcement.
Embodiment 1
Methyl alcohol 12mL (0.3mol), ethylene carbonate 2.64g are sequentially added in the autoclave of 100mL (0.03mol), activated carbon (0.26g), uses CO2Air 2 times in displacement autoclave, then fill CO2To 0.5Mpa, magnetic agitation is heated, 100 DEG C are warming up to, 6h is reacted at this temperature.Room temperature is down to, centrifugation is extracted reaction solution, is analyzed.Ethylene carbonate ester conversion rate 65%, dimethyl carbonate selective 98%.
Embodiment 2
Methyl alcohol 12mL (0.3mol), ethylene carbonate 2.64g are sequentially added in the autoclave of 100mL (0.03mol), activated carbon (0.52g), uses CO2Air 2 times in displacement autoclave, then fill CO2To 0.3Mpa, magnetic agitation is heated, 160 DEG C are warming up to, 8h is reacted at this temperature.Room temperature is down to, centrifugation is extracted reaction solution, is analyzed.Ethylene carbonate ester conversion rate 97%, dimethyl carbonate selective 99%.
Embodiment 3
Methyl alcohol 12mL (0.3mol), ethylene carbonate 2.64g are sequentially added in the autoclave of 100mL (0.03mol), activated carbon (0.40g), uses CO2Air 2 times in displacement autoclave, then fill CO2To 2Mpa, magnetic agitation heating, rise Temperature reacts at this temperature 4h to 140 DEG C.Room temperature is down to, centrifugation is extracted reaction solution, is analyzed.Ethylene carbonate ester conversion rate 85%, dimethyl carbonate selective 96%.
Embodiment 4
Methyl alcohol 12mL (0.3mol), ethylene carbonate 2.64g are sequentially added in the autoclave of 100mL (0.03mol), activated carbon (0.40g), uses CO2Air 2 times in displacement autoclave, then fill CO2To 0.5Mpa, magnetic agitation is heated, 80 DEG C are warming up to, 6h is reacted at this temperature.Room temperature is down to, centrifugation is extracted reaction solution, is analyzed.Ethylene carbonate ester conversion rate 71%, dimethyl carbonate selective 95%.
Comparative example
Methyl alcohol 12mL (0.3mol), ethylene carbonate 2.64g are sequentially added in the autoclave of 100mL (0.03mol), activated carbon (0.40g), uses N2Air 2 times in displacement autoclave, then fill N2To 0.5Mpa, magnetic agitation heating, rise Temperature reacts at this temperature 6h to 80 DEG C.Room temperature is down to, centrifugation is extracted reaction solution, is analyzed.Ethylene carbonate ester conversion rate 11%, dimethyl carbonate selective 82%.
After adopting with the aforedescribed process, during dimethyl carbonate is prepared, not only cost is substantially reduced, and method is grasped Make simple, product and catalyst convenient separation, products obtained therefrom purity is high, and catalyst is reclaimed and multiplexing performance is good.
With the above-mentioned desirable embodiment according to the present invention as enlightenment, by above-mentioned description, relevant staff is complete Entirely various change and modification can be carried out in the range of without departing from this invention technological thought.The technology of this invention Property scope is not limited to the content on specification, it is necessary to its technical scope is determined according to right.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of method of Synthesis of dimethyl carbonate, it is characterised in that the method with activated carbon as catalyst, with ethylene carbonate It is raw material with methyl alcohol, carries out in autoclave.
2. the method for a kind of Synthesis of dimethyl carbonate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the method is according to following What step was carried out:
(1) a certain amount of methyl alcohol, ethylene carbonate and activated carbon are sequentially added in autoclave;
(2) CO is used2Air 2 times in displacement autoclave, then fill CO2It is 0.3-2Mpa to pressure, magnetic agitation heating is warming up to 80- 160 DEG C, 4-8h is reacted at this temperature, be down to room temperature, extract reaction solution centrifugation, analyzed, that is, obtain described carbonic acid diformazan Ester.
3. the method for a kind of Synthesis of dimethyl carbonate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described methyl alcohol and carbonic acid The mol ratio of methyl ethyl ester is 10:1, activated carbon dosage is the 10-20% of ethylene carbonate quality.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110152704A (en) * 2019-05-05 2019-08-23 常州大学 It is a kind of for synthetic linear carbonic ester without metal solid catalyst and preparation method thereof
CN110304996A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-10-08 浙江锦润生物科技有限公司 A kind of removal methods of base catalyst
CN112552177A (en) * 2019-09-24 2021-03-26 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Method for producing dimethyl carbonate

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003277326A (en) * 2002-03-22 2003-10-02 Mitsui Chemicals Inc Method for producing dialkyl carbonate
US20110196167A1 (en) * 2010-02-09 2011-08-11 Almusaiteer Khalid A Synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from carbon dioxide and methanol
CN104447312A (en) * 2014-11-21 2015-03-25 常州大学 Dimethyl carbonate synthesis method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003277326A (en) * 2002-03-22 2003-10-02 Mitsui Chemicals Inc Method for producing dialkyl carbonate
US20110196167A1 (en) * 2010-02-09 2011-08-11 Almusaiteer Khalid A Synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from carbon dioxide and methanol
CN104447312A (en) * 2014-11-21 2015-03-25 常州大学 Dimethyl carbonate synthesis method

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110152704A (en) * 2019-05-05 2019-08-23 常州大学 It is a kind of for synthetic linear carbonic ester without metal solid catalyst and preparation method thereof
CN110152704B (en) * 2019-05-05 2022-08-26 常州大学 Metal-free solid catalyst for synthesizing linear carbonate and preparation method thereof
CN110304996A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-10-08 浙江锦润生物科技有限公司 A kind of removal methods of base catalyst
CN110304996B (en) * 2019-06-28 2022-02-11 浙江锦润生物科技有限公司 Method for removing alkali catalyst
CN112552177A (en) * 2019-09-24 2021-03-26 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Method for producing dimethyl carbonate
CN112552177B (en) * 2019-09-24 2023-05-02 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Method for producing dimethyl carbonate

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