CN115504802A - 一种高密度碳滑板的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高密度碳滑板的制备方法,涉及碳滑板制备技术领域,包括以下步骤,S1:材料处理:将制备碳滑板的材料进行预处理和充分混合;S2:制备模具:根据碳滑板的和外形及长、宽、高等尺寸通过3D打印技术将模具进行制作;S3:制胚:将预处理混合后材料装入制作好的模具中,通过热压成型制成胚料制品,在将胚料进行后处理;S4:制备金属托架:根据特殊模具制作具有夹持功能的金属托架;S5:粘接安装;工作人员通过适配的螺栓将滑板和金属托架进行安装。本发明通过3d打印模具,节省人力物力成本,提升了模具制作时的工作效率,石墨超细微粒子能够填充到碳滑板骨架的孔隙中,提高了制作的工作效率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及碳滑板制备技术领域,具体涉及一种高密度碳滑板的制备方法。
背景技术
电力机车运行过程中,所需的电能是由地面供电系统通过接触网经受电弓获得,受电弓传输的能量经过整流设备、发动机将电能转化为机械能,从而为机车提供牵引力来使电力机车工作,目前,纯碳滑板、浸金属碳滑板是主要的受电弓滑板材料,纯碳材料滑板对导线磨耗低,可延长导线使用寿命,但其机械强度低、易出现断裂、掉块现象,耐冲击性差,使用寿命低,特别是在环境不好的情况下,易局部拉沟,常出现弓网事故。针对现有技术存在以下问题:
1、现有的高密度碳滑板的制备方法,在制作碳滑板模具的过程中,大部分采用人工操作机器制作,且制作的效率较慢,浪费了大量的的人力物力成本;
2、现有的高密度碳滑板的制备方法,在添加碳纤维材料的过程中,碳纤维不能够均匀分布于碳滑板层面之间,容易出现团聚等现象,不能够保证碳滑板的强度和在摩擦时的稳定性导电性,不能够降低碳滑板的磨损量。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种高密度碳滑板的制备方法,包括以下步骤,
S1:材料处理:将制备碳滑板的材料进行预处理和充分混合;
S2:制备模具:根据碳滑板的和外形及长、宽、高等尺寸通过3D打印技术将模具进行制作;
S3:制胚:将预处理混合后材料装入制作好的模具中,通过热压成型制成胚料制品,在将胚料进行后处理;
S4:制备金属托架:根据特殊模具制作具有夹持功能的金属托架;
S5:粘接安装;工作人员通过适配的螺栓将滑板和金属托架进行安装,粘接剂将滑板主体底部与金属托架顶部粘接;
S6:测试:将制作完成的碳滑板通过测量仪器对碳滑板的各项数据进行测量。
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于:所述S1中,材料包括浆料和碳纤维布,浆料包括热固性酚醛树脂颗粒、石墨超细微粒子、丁腈橡胶颗粒、铜纳米颗粒、增强纤维和光敏树脂。
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于:所述S1中,所有材料的质量百分比为:碳纤维布16%-26%、热固性酚醛树脂颗粒22%-32%、丁腈橡胶颗粒4%-6%、铜纳米颗粒8.5%-15%、石墨超细微粒子、光敏树脂10%-25%和增强纤维15%-25%,增强纤维包括硅灰石纤维和短切碳纤维。
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于:所述S2中,根据碳滑板的尺寸数据设定打印路径,3D打印设备的光源按照预先设定的模具打印路径进行打印。
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于:所述S3,后处理碳滑板坯件依次进行脱脂处理、焙烧处理,洗涤并烘干后进行预热和浸铜处理,即完成碳纤维增强受电弓碳滑板的制备。
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于:所述浸铜之前进行预热浸铜处理采用真空压力浸铜方法,浸铜压力10-12MPa、浸铜温度1350-1500℃,浸铜时间15-30min。
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于:所述脱脂处理是以3-5℃/min的升温速率升温至2300-400℃,并保温2.5-4.5h。
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于:所述滑板骨架预热处理的温度为85-95℃,预热时间为1.5-3h,预热排除碳滑板骨架中气体,增加石墨悬浊液的流动性。
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于:所述S6,测试将制作完成后的碳滑板放置在测量仪器上进行测量,碳滑板的磨损性、磨耗值、硬度、导电性、弹性、等数据异常情况时投入使用。
由于采用了上述技术方案,本发明相对现有技术来说,取得的技术进步是:
1、本发明提供一种高密度碳滑板的制备方法,通过3D打印制作模具作用下,3D打印设备能够根据碳滑板的尺寸数据设定打印路径,3D打印设备的光源按照预先设定的模具打印路径进行打印,3d打印设备可以使用计算机直接进行模具的生产,不用通过其他设备来协助完成,不像传统的工厂,生产零件时需多个设备甚至是多个生产线协作才能组装完成,3d打印机则不需要拼装,不仅速度更快,还节省了不少的人力物力成本,提升了模具制作时的工作效率,使用时工作人员根据碳滑板的外管尺寸设定3d打印设备的打印路径,打印设备根据设定的路径制作出碳滑板的模具。
2、本发明提供一种高密度碳滑板的制备方法,通过石墨超细微粒子和预热处理的共同作用下,石墨超细微粒子作为分散介质,能够制备出具有具有一定流动性的石墨悬浊液,然后对制备好的具有孔隙结构的滑板骨架预热处理,将预热处理过的碳滑板骨架加压浸渍到石墨悬浊液中,石墨超细微粒子能够填充到碳滑板骨架的孔隙中,再通过高温脱脂处理除去有机溶剂,从而直接制备得到高密度碳滑板,提高了制作的工作效率,和碳滑板成型后的强度。
3、本发明提供一种高密度碳滑板的制备方法,通过浸铜处理的作用下,碳滑板的制备方法,浸铜处理采用真空压力浸铜方法,无需外加高温高压就能轻松实现铜溶液的浸渍,且铜溶液的浸渍率高,制备得到的碳滑板的导电性、机械性和耐磨性高,极大提高了铜液在碳滑板内的流通性,从而提高铜溶液的浸渍率,进而提高制得碳滑板的整体性能,同时提高了碳滑板的使用年限。
4、本发明提供一种高密度碳滑板的制备方法,通过的碳纤维布和硅灰石纤共同作用下,碳纤维布分布于碳滑板层面之间,在高增强纤维含量的情况下,不会出现团聚等现象,能够在增强碳滑板的力学性能和耐磨性能的同时,提高碳滑板的导电性能,分散分布的短切碳纤维和与基体交替分布的碳纤维布保证了碳滑板的强度和在摩擦时的稳定性和导电性,硅灰石纤维作为增强纤维能够明显降低碳滑板的磨损量。
附图说明
图1为本发明的高密度碳滑板的制备方法的流程结构示意图;
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明:
实施例1
如图1所示,本发明提供了一种高密度碳滑板的制备方法,包括以下步骤,S1:材料处理:将制备碳滑板的材料进行预处理和充分混合;S2:制备模具:根据碳滑板的和外形及长、宽、高等尺寸通过3D打印技术将模具进行制作;S3:制胚:将预处理混合后材料装入制作好的模具中,通过热压成型制成胚料制品,在将胚料进行后处理;S4:制备金属托架:根据特殊模具制作具有夹持功能的金属托架;S5:粘接安装;工作人员通过适配的螺栓将滑板和金属托架进行安装,粘接剂将滑板主体底部与金属托架顶部粘接;S6:测试:将制作完成的碳滑板通过测量仪器对碳滑板的各项数据进行测量。
在本实施案例中,3D打印设备,可以将模具使用计算机直接进行模具的生产,不用通过其他设备来协助完成,生产零件时需多个设备甚至是多个生产线协作才能组装完成,3d打印机则不需要拼装,不仅速度更快,还节省了不少的人力物力成本,测量时能够通过测量仪器,对制作完成的碳滑板磨损性、磨耗值、硬度、导电性、弹性、等数据进行测量,避免质量不过关的碳滑板投入使用,提高了了使用的安全性避免交通事故发生。
实施例2
如图1所示,在实施例1的基础上,本发明提供一种技术方案:优选的,S1中,材料包括浆料和碳纤维布,浆料包括热固性酚醛树脂颗粒、石墨超细微粒子、丁腈橡胶颗粒、铜纳米颗粒、增强纤维和光敏树脂,S1中,所有材料的质量百分比为:碳纤维布16%-26%、热固性酚醛树脂颗粒22%-32%、丁腈橡胶颗粒4%-6%、铜纳米颗粒8.5%-15%、石墨超细微粒子、光敏树脂10%-25%和增强纤维15%-25%,增强纤维包括硅灰石纤维和短切碳纤维。
在本实施例中,石墨超细微粒子能够作为分散介质,能够制备出具有具有一定流动性的石墨悬浊液,石墨超细微粒子能够填充到碳滑板骨架的孔隙中,提高制作的工作效率,和碳滑板成型后的强度,碳纤维布能够均匀分布不会出现团聚等现象,在增强碳滑板的力学性能和耐磨性能的同时,提高碳滑板的导电性能,分散分布的短切碳纤维和与基体交替分布的碳纤维布保证了碳滑板的强度和在摩擦时的稳定性和导电性,硅灰石纤维作为增强纤维能够明显降低碳滑板的磨损量。
实施例3
如图1所示,在实施例1的基础上,本发明提供一种技术方案:优选的,S3,后处理碳滑板坯件依次进行脱脂处理、焙烧处理,洗涤并烘干后进行预热和浸铜处理,即完成碳纤维增强受电弓碳滑板的制备,浸铜之前预热的预热温度为800℃-1150℃,预热时间为10-30min,浸铜处理采用真空压力浸铜方法,浸铜压力10-12MPa、浸铜温度1350-1500℃,浸铜时间15-30min,脱脂处理是以3-5℃/min的升温速率升温至2300-400℃,并保温2.5-4.5h,滑板骨架预热处理的温度为85-95℃,预热时间为1.5-3h,预热排除碳滑板骨架中气体,增加石墨悬浊液的流动性。
在本实施例中,浸铜处理采用真空压力浸铜方法,无需外加高温高压就能轻松实现铜溶液的浸渍,铜溶液的浸渍率高,制备得到的碳滑板的导电性、机械性和耐磨性高,能够提高铜液在碳滑板内的流通性,进而提高制得碳滑板的整体性能。
实施例4
如图1所示,在实施例1的基础上,本发明提供一种技术方案:优选的,S2中,根据碳滑板的尺寸数据设定打印路径,3D打印设备的光源按照预先设定的模具打印路径进行打印,S6,测试将制作完成后的碳滑板放置在测量仪器上进行测量,碳滑板的磨损性、磨耗值、硬度、导电性、弹性、等数据异常情况时投入使用。
在本实施例中,3D打印设备根据碳滑板的尺寸数据设定打印路径,能够减少模具制作时的误差,对碳滑板的磨损性、磨耗值、硬度、导电性、弹性、等数据进行测量,数据无异常投入使用能够提高碳滑板使用时的安全性下面具体说一下该高密度碳滑板的制备方法的工作原理。
如图1所示,将制备碳滑板的材料进行预处理和充分混合,根据碳滑板的和外形及长、宽、高等尺寸通过3D打印技术将模具进行制作,根据碳滑板的尺寸数据设定打印路径,3D打印设备的光源按照预先设定的模具打印路径进行打印,将预处理混合后材料装入制作好的模具中,通过热压成型制成胚料制品,在将胚料依次进行脱脂处理、焙烧处理,洗涤并烘干后进行预热和浸铜处理,浸铜之前预热的预热温度为800℃-1150℃,预热时间为10-30min,浸铜处理采用真空压力浸铜方法,浸铜压力10-12MPa、浸铜温度1350-1500℃,浸铜时间15-30min,以3-5℃/min的升温速率升温至2300-400℃,并保温2.5-4.5h进行脱脂处理,根据特殊模具制作具有夹持功能的金属托架,工作人员通过适配的螺栓将滑板和金属托架进行安装,粘接剂将滑板主体底部与金属托架顶部粘接,将制作完成后的碳滑板放置在测量仪器上进行测量,碳滑板的磨损性、磨耗值、硬度、导电性、弹性、等数据异常情况时投入使用。
上文一般性的对本发明做了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之做一些修改或改进,这对于技术领域的一般技术人员是显而易见的。因此,在不脱离本发明思想精神的修改或改进,均在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种高密度碳滑板的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤,
S1:材料处理:将制备碳滑板的材料进行预处理和充分混合;
S2:制备模具:根据碳滑板的和外形及长、宽、高等尺寸通过3D打印技术将模具进行制作;
S3:制胚:将预处理混合后材料装入制作好的模具中,通过热压成型制成胚料制品,在将胚料进行后处理;
S4:制备金属托架:根据特殊模具制作具有夹持功能的金属托架;
S5:粘接安装;工作人员通过适配的螺栓将滑板和金属托架进行安装,粘接剂将滑板主体底部与金属托架顶部粘接;
S6:测试:将制作完成的碳滑板通过测量仪器对碳滑板的各项数据进行测量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高密度碳滑板的制备方法,其特征在于:所述S1中,材料包括浆料和碳纤维布,浆料包括热固性酚醛树脂颗粒、石墨超细微粒子、丁腈橡胶颗粒、铜纳米颗粒、增强纤维和光敏树脂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高密度碳滑板的制备方法,其特征在于:所述S1中,所有材料的质量百分比为:碳纤维布16%-26%、热固性酚醛树脂颗粒22%-32%、丁腈橡胶颗粒4%-6%、铜纳米颗粒8.5%-15%、石墨超细微粒子、光敏树脂10%-25%和增强纤维15%-25%,增强纤维包括硅灰石纤维和短切碳纤维。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高密度碳滑板的制备方法,其特征在于:所述S2中,根据碳滑板的尺寸数据设定打印路径,3D打印设备的光源按照预先设定的模具打印路径进行打印。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种高密度碳滑板的制备方法,其特征在于:所述S3,后处理碳滑板坯件依次进行脱脂处理、焙烧处理,洗涤并烘干后进行预热和浸铜处理,即完成碳纤维增强受电弓碳滑板的制备。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种高密度碳滑板的制备方法,其特征在于:所述浸铜之前预热的预热温度为800℃-1150℃,预热时间为10-30min,浸铜处理采用真空压力浸铜方法,浸铜压力10-12MPa、浸铜温度1350-1500℃,浸铜时间15-30min。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种高密度碳滑板的制备方法,其特征在于:所述脱脂处理是以3-5℃/min的升温速率升温至2300-400℃,并保温2.5-4.5h。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种高密度碳滑板的制备方法,其特征在于:所述滑板骨架预热处理的温度为85-95℃,预热时间为1.5-3h,预热排除碳滑板骨架中气体,增加石墨悬浊液的流动性。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种高密度碳滑板的制备方法,其特征在于:所述S6,测试将制作完成后的碳滑板放置在测量仪器上进行测量,碳滑板的磨损性、磨耗值、硬度、导电性、弹性、等数据异常情况时投入使用。
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