CN115503511A - Electric automobile electric driving system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Electric automobile electric driving system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115503511A CN115503511A CN202211273459.XA CN202211273459A CN115503511A CN 115503511 A CN115503511 A CN 115503511A CN 202211273459 A CN202211273459 A CN 202211273459A CN 115503511 A CN115503511 A CN 115503511A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/007—Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/62—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides an electric vehicle power driving system and a control method thereof, in the electric vehicle power driving system, a switch module is additionally arranged, a three-phase inverter circuit of a driving motor is divided into a first half-bridge circuit group and a second half-bridge circuit group, the first half-bridge circuit group is connected with a power battery system, and the second half-bridge circuit group is connected with a direct current charging port.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of battery charging, in particular to an electric automobile electric driving system and a control method thereof.
Background
At present, new energy automobiles are developed vigorously, and power batteries are correspondingly applied in a large quantity. One important charging mode for power batteries is direct current fast charging. The direct current quick charging is that the direct current charging pile converts commercial power into direct current and then directly supplies the direct current to the power battery. However, if the voltage that the dc charging post can output is lower than the power battery voltage, the dc charging post cannot charge the power battery.
In the related art, a dedicated boost converter is generally adopted to boost the voltage output by the dc charging pile. However, the dedicated boost converter increases overall vehicle cost.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the embodiment of the application is to provide an electric vehicle electric drive system and a control method thereof, and the electric vehicle electric drive system and the control method thereof aim at solving the problem that a boosting scheme for the output voltage of a direct current charging pile in the related art depends on a special boosting converter, and the cost of the whole vehicle is increased.
In a first aspect, an electric vehicle electric drive system provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a power battery system, a three-phase inverter circuit, a driving motor, and a switch module, wherein: the input end of the three-phase inverter circuit is connected with the power battery system, and the output end of the three-phase inverter circuit is connected with the driving motor; the three-phase inverter circuit comprises a first half-bridge circuit group and a second half-bridge circuit group, wherein the first half-bridge circuit group comprises a one-phase half-bridge circuit or a two-phase half-bridge circuit; the first half-bridge circuit group and the second half-bridge circuit group are connected through the switch module; the positive electrode of the first half bridge circuit group is connected to the positive electrode of the power battery system, and the negative electrode of the first half bridge circuit group is connected to the negative electrode of the power battery system; the positive pole of the second half-bridge circuit group is connected to the positive pole of a direct current charging port, and the negative pole of the second half-bridge circuit group is connected to the negative pole of the direct current charging port.
In the above-mentioned realization in-process, an electric automobile power drive system is provided, this power drive system is through addding the switch module, divide into first half-bridge circuit group and second half-bridge circuit group with driving motor's three-phase inverter circuit, link to each other with power battery system by this first half-bridge circuit group, this second half-bridge circuit group links to each other with the direct current mouth that charges, so, multiplexing ready-made three-phase inverter circuit power switching tube, the motor winding inductance realizes stepping up and charges, compare and add dedicated boost converter, the cost reduces by a wide margin.
Further, in some embodiments, the anodes of the first half-bridge circuit group and the anodes of the second half-bridge circuit group are connected by the switch module; and the negative electrode of the first half-bridge circuit group is directly connected with the negative electrode of the second half-bridge circuit group.
In the implementation process, one implementation scheme of the electric automobile electric driving system is provided, namely, the anodes of two separated parts of the three-phase inverter circuit are connected together through the switch module.
Further, in some embodiments, the cathodes of the first and second half-bridge circuit groups are connected by the switch module; and the positive electrode of the first half-bridge circuit group is directly connected with the positive electrode of the second half-bridge circuit group.
In the implementation process, another implementation scheme of the electric automobile electric driving system is provided, namely, the cathodes of two separated parts of the three-phase inverter circuit are connected together through the switch module.
Further, in some embodiments, the switch module comprises a relay.
In the implementation process, the relay with the advantages of strong through-current capacity, high reliability, simple driving control, low cost and the like is used as the switch module, so that the overall reliability of the system is improved.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a control method of an electric vehicle electric drive system according to the first aspect, including: when the electric automobile is in a normal driving state or a first direct current charging state, controlling the switch module to be closed; and under the first direct current charging state, the maximum voltage of a charging pile is higher than or equal to the voltage of the power battery system.
In the implementation process, the control method of the electric vehicle power driving system applied to two working conditions of normal running and common direct current charging is provided.
Further, in some embodiments, the method further comprises: when the electric automobile is in a second direct current charging state, the switch module is controlled to be disconnected, and an instruction is sent to the charging pile, so that the charging pile outputs a charging voltage; in the second direct-current charging state, the maximum voltage of the charging pile is lower than the voltage of the power battery system; and after the charging voltage reaches a preset condition, controlling a high-low voltage side power switch tube of the three-phase inverter circuit by using the modulated PWM wave.
In the implementation process, a control method for boost charging is provided.
Further, in some embodiments, the method further comprises: when the electric automobile is in a second direct current charging state, the switch module is controlled to be disconnected, and an instruction is sent to the charging pile, so that the charging pile outputs a charging voltage; in the second direct-current charging state, the maximum voltage of the charging pile is lower than the voltage of the power battery system; and after the charging voltage reaches a preset condition, controlling the high-voltage side power switch tube of the second half-bridge circuit group to be kept on, controlling the low-voltage side power switch tube to be kept off, and controlling the high-voltage side power switch tube and the low-voltage side power switch tube of the first half-bridge circuit group by utilizing the modulated PWM wave.
In the implementation process, a preferable control method for boost charging is provided, in which the switching frequency of the power switching tubes of the second half-bridge circuit group is reduced as much as possible, so as to reduce the loss, and at the same time, the current flowing through the driving motor is reduced under the same charging power, so as to reduce the heat generation of the driving motor.
Further, in some embodiments, when the second half-bridge circuit group includes a two-phase half-bridge circuit, the controlling the high-side power switch tube of the second half-bridge circuit group to be kept conductive includes: and controlling a high-voltage side power switch tube of one phase of half-bridge circuit of the second half-bridge circuit group to be kept conducted.
In the implementation process, when the second half-bridge circuit group comprises two half-bridge circuits, the high-voltage side power switch tube of one of the half-bridge circuits can be controlled to be kept on, so that the heating of the driving motor is further reduced.
Further, in some embodiments, the method further comprises: when the electric automobile is in a third direct current charging state, the switch module is controlled to be disconnected, and an instruction is sent to the charging pile, so that the charging pile outputs a charging voltage; in the third direct-current charging state, the difference value between the maximum voltage of the charging pile and the voltage of the power battery system is greater than a preset value; and after the charging voltage reaches a preset condition, controlling a high-low voltage side power switch tube of the three-phase inverter circuit by using the modulated PWM wave.
In the implementation process, a control method aiming at the condition that the voltage of the power battery is too low is provided, and the power supply voltage of the charging pile is improved, so that the charging power is improved.
Further, in some embodiments, the method further comprises: when the electric automobile is in a third direct current charging state, the switch module is controlled to be switched off, and an instruction is sent to the charging pile so that the charging pile can output charging voltage; in the third direct-current charging state, the difference value between the maximum voltage of the charging pile and the voltage of the power battery system is greater than a preset value; and after the charging voltage reaches a preset condition, controlling a high-voltage side power switch tube of the first half-bridge circuit group to be kept on, controlling a low-voltage side power switch tube to be kept off, and controlling a high-voltage side power switch tube and a low-voltage side power switch tube of the second half-bridge circuit group by using a modulated PWM (pulse width modulation) wave.
In the implementation process, a preferable control method for the situation that the voltage of the power battery is too low is provided, the switching frequency of the power switching tubes of the first half-bridge circuit group is reduced as much as possible, so that the loss is reduced, and meanwhile, under the same charging power, the current flowing through the driving motor is reduced, so that the heating of the driving motor is reduced.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the above-described technology disclosed herein.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electric drive system of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit corresponding to an electric drive system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a control method of an electric driving system of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of an electric driving system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit configuration of another electric drive system according to an embodiment of the present application, in which a three-phase inverter bridge is disconnected at a negative pole;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a circuit configuration of another electric drive system according to an embodiment of the present application, in which two half-bridges of a three-phase inverter bridge are connected to a battery side.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As described in the background art, a boosting scheme for the output voltage of the dc charging pile in the related art depends on a dedicated boost converter, which increases the cost of the entire vehicle. Based on this, the embodiment of the present application provides an electric driving system for an electric vehicle, so as to solve the above problem.
Embodiments of the present application are described below:
as shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle electric drive system provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the electric vehicle electric drive system 11 includes: power battery system 12, three-phase inverter circuit 13, driving motor 14 and switch module 15, wherein:
the input end of the three-phase inverter circuit 13 is connected with the power battery system 12, and the output end of the three-phase inverter circuit is connected with the driving motor 14; the three-phase inverter circuit 13 includes a first half-bridge circuit group 131 and a second half-bridge circuit group 132, wherein the first half-bridge circuit group 131 includes a one-phase half-bridge circuit or a two-phase half-bridge circuit; the first half-bridge circuit group 131 and the second half-bridge circuit group 132 are connected through the switch module 15; the positive electrode of the first half bridge circuit group 131 is connected to the positive electrode of the power battery system 12, and the negative electrode of the first half bridge circuit group 131 is connected to the negative electrode of the power battery system 12; the anode of the second half-bridge circuit group 132 is connected to the anode of the dc charging port 16, and the cathode of the second half-bridge circuit group 132 is connected to the cathode of the dc charging port 16.
The electric drive system is a system consisting of a power battery system and a modified electric drive system, wherein the power battery system provides a power supply for the electric drive system so as to enable a drive motor in the electric drive system to operate, thereby providing power for the electric automobile. In some scenarios, it may also be applied to other types of electrically powered devices, such as electrically powered watercraft and the like. The principle of the electric power driving system is that a switch module is additionally arranged, a three-phase inverter circuit of a driving motor is adjusted to a certain degree, a ready three-phase inverter circuit power switch tube and a motor winding inductor are reused to realize boosting charging, and compared with a special boosting converter, the cost is greatly reduced.
Specifically, in the above electric drive system, the power battery system may include a power battery, such as a lithium ion-based power battery, or a nickel hydrogen battery, etc. The power battery system can be connected with a direct current bus to provide power for loads on the direct current bus, such as a motor controller. The power battery system can further comprise a battery management system, a thermal management part, a structural part and the like besides the power battery, wherein the battery management system is used for intelligently managing and maintaining each battery unit, the thermal management part comprises a fan, a battery heating part and a battery cooling part, and the structural part comprises an installation part, a sealing part, a metal piece, a box body part and the like.
In the electric power driving system, the three-phase inverter circuit is composed of three single-phase inverter circuits, and each single-phase inverter circuit is a one-phase half-bridge circuit and comprises a high-voltage side power switch tube and a low-voltage side power switch tube. The power switch tube may be an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor), a BJT (Bipolar Junction Transistor), or the like. In this embodiment, this three-phase inverter circuit divides for first half-bridge circuit group and second half-bridge circuit group based on the switch module, and first half-bridge circuit group includes a looks half-bridge circuit or two-phase half-bridge circuit, that is to say, three half-bridge circuit of three-phase inverter circuit divide into two sets ofly, and a set of contains a half-bridge circuit, and another set contains two half-bridge circuits.
Optionally, the three-phase inverter circuit may have at least two circuit topologies: in some embodiments, the anodes of the first half-bridge circuit group and the anodes of the second half-bridge circuit group are connected by the switch module; and the negative electrode of the first half-bridge circuit group is directly connected with the negative electrode of the second half-bridge circuit group. That is, the positive poles of the two divided parts of the three-phase inverter circuit may be connected together by the switch module. In some further embodiments, the cathodes of the first half-bridge circuit group and the cathodes of the second half-bridge circuit group are connected by the switch module; and the positive electrode of the first half-bridge circuit group is directly connected with the positive electrode of the second half-bridge circuit group. That is, the cathodes of the two separated three-phase inverter circuits can be connected together through the switch module, that is, the three-phase inverter bridge can also be selectively disconnected at the cathode.
In the electric drive system, the drive motor may be a power source of the electric vehicle, and is a part directly converting electric energy into mechanical energy. The driving motor can be connected with the three-phase output end of the three-phase inverter circuit through an alternating current cable. The driving motor can be a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and also can be a direct current brushless motor or a three-phase asynchronous motor and the like.
In the power driving system, the switch module is used for switching the presenting form of the three-phase inverter circuit so as to control the working mode of the three-phase inverter circuit to a certain extent. When the switch module is closed, the first half-bridge circuit group and the second half-bridge circuit group can be combined into a normal three-phase inverter circuit; when the switch module is disconnected, the power switch tubes are controlled, so that the current generated by the driving motor based on the output voltage of the charging pile can be controlled to flow to the connection points of the two power switch tubes of the first half-bridge circuit group. Alternatively, the switch module may be a relay, such as an electromagnetic relay, a solid state relay, or the like. A relay is an electric control device, and is an electric appliance that generates a predetermined step change in a controlled amount in an electric output circuit when a change in an input amount (excitation amount) meets a predetermined requirement. Of course, in other embodiments, the switch module may be other types of electronic devices, and the application is not limited thereto.
In the electric drive system of this embodiment, the positive and negative poles of the second half-bridge circuit group are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the dc charging port. The direct current charging interface is a charging interface of the electric automobile, and can be connected with a direct current charging pile to charge a power battery system. When the output voltage of the direct current charging pile is lower than the voltage of the power battery system, the boosting charging can be realized based on the electric drive system of the embodiment.
Specifically, for example, the second half-bridge circuit group includes two-phase half-bridge circuits, and the positive electrode of the first half-bridge circuit group and the positive electrode of the second half-bridge circuit group are connected through the switch module, when the voltage is boosted for charging, the switch module is disconnected, the electric drive system at this time can be simplified into an equivalent circuit as shown in fig. 2, wherein, the four power switch tubes and the drive motor winding inductors of the second half-bridge circuit group can be simplified into the switch tubes Q35 and Q46 and the equivalent inductors (labeled as 24, 25 and 26 in sequence in the figure), as can be seen from fig. 2, the equivalent circuit is a full-bridge circuit whose two sides are respectively powered by the power battery 21 and the charging pile 27, and by controlling the four switch tubes of the full-bridge circuit, the current of the equivalent inductor can be controlled, and the current of the equivalent inductor flows towards the power battery side and is the power battery charging, otherwise, the power battery discharges. Because the output voltage of the charging pile is lower than the voltage of the power battery during the boosting charging, the switching tube Q35 can be selected to be completely closed, the switching tube Q46 is completely opened, and the current is controlled only by the switching tubes Q1 and Q2 (sequentially marked as 22 and 23 in the figure), when the switching tube Q2 is switched on, the power supply of the charging pile forms a loop through the switching tube Q35, the equivalent inductor and the switching tube Q2, the current is converted into magnetic energy in the equivalent inductor, when the switching tube Q1 is switched on, the magnetic energy in the equivalent inductor is converted into electric energy, and the loop is formed through the switching tube Q35, the equivalent inductor and the switching tube Q1, and the power battery, so that the boosting function is completed. It should be noted that the control method mentioned here is only an example, and the electric drive system may also implement boost charging based on other control methods; the output power of the charging pile can be controlled through the duty ratio of the PWM wave.
The embodiment of the application provides an electric automobile power driving system, this electric driving system is through addding the switch module, divide into first half-bridge circuit group and second half-bridge circuit group with driving motor's three-phase inverter circuit, link to each other with power battery system by this first half-bridge circuit group, this second half-bridge circuit group links to each other with the direct current mouth that charges, so, multiplexing ready-made three-phase inverter circuit power switch pipe, motor winding inductance realize the charging that steps up, compare and add dedicated boost converter, the cost reduces by a wide margin.
As shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a flowchart of a control method of an electric vehicle electric drive system provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the electric vehicle electric drive system is the electric drive system in any of the foregoing embodiments, and the control method includes:
in step 301, when the electric vehicle is in a normal driving state or a first direct current charging state, controlling the switch module to be closed; and under the first direct current charging state, the maximum voltage of a charging pile is higher than or equal to the voltage of the power battery system.
When the vehicle normally runs, the switch module is closed, the whole three-phase inverter circuit is not different from a normal three-phase inverter, and the three-phase inverter circuit controls the driving motor to drive the vehicle; when the vehicle carries out ordinary direct current and charges, fill electric pile voltage enough high promptly, in the time of can directly charging for the battery, closed switch module, then whole car can give the order and give and fill electric pile to make and fill electric pile and charge according to current battery voltage, whole charging flow and normal direct current fill the process soon and be as free from the difference.
Some embodiments of the present application further provide a control method in boost charging, which may include: when the electric automobile is in a second direct current charging state, the switch module is controlled to be switched off, and an instruction is sent to the charging pile so that the charging pile can output charging voltage; in the second direct current charging state, the maximum voltage of the charging pile is lower than the voltage of the power battery system; and after the charging voltage reaches a preset condition, controlling a high-low voltage side power switch tube of the three-phase inverter circuit by using the modulated PWM wave. That is to say, when filling electric pile maximum voltage and being less than the battery voltage, need boost and charge, when charging that steps up, disconnection switch module, whole car send instruction for filling electric pile output charging voltage, treat to fill electric pile voltage and reach and set for the demand after, each switch tube output voltage of three-phase inverter bridge is controlled by the PWM ripples through the modulation gives the motor, control driving motor winding produces the electric current according to the power demand that charges, make the electric current of the motor phase that first half bridge circuit group links to each other flow to the tie point of two power switch tubes of inverter bridge in the first half bridge circuit group by driving motor winding. Thus, boost charging is realized. It should be noted that the preset condition mentioned herein may be a preset voltage threshold, which may be set according to the requirements of a specific scenario.
Further, in some other embodiments, the control method may include: when the electric automobile is in a second direct current charging state, the switch module is controlled to be switched off, and an instruction is sent to the charging pile so that the charging pile can output charging voltage; in the second direct-current charging state, the maximum voltage of the charging pile is lower than the voltage of the power battery system; and after the charging voltage reaches a preset condition, controlling the high-voltage side power switch tube of the second half-bridge circuit group to be kept on, controlling the low-voltage side power switch tube to be kept off, and controlling the high-voltage side power switch tube and the low-voltage side power switch tube of the first half-bridge circuit group by utilizing the modulated PWM wave. The control method can be regarded as a preferable control mode in boost charging, at this time, the power switch tube on the high-voltage side of the second half-bridge circuit group connected with the direct-current charging port is kept on, the power switch tube on the low-voltage side is kept off, and only the power switch tube of the first half-bridge circuit group is switched under the control of the PWM wave and controls the charging current. This preferred solution can reduce the switching frequency of the power switching tubes of the second half-bridge circuit group as much as possible, thereby reducing the loss, and at the same time, reduce the current flowing through the driving motor under the same charging power, thereby reducing the heat generation of the driving motor.
Further, when the second half-bridge circuit group includes a two-phase half-bridge circuit, the aforementioned controlling the high-side power switch of the second half-bridge circuit group to be kept conductive may include: and controlling a high-voltage side power switch tube of one phase of half-bridge circuit of the second half-bridge circuit group to be kept conductive. That is to say, when the second half-bridge circuit group includes two half-bridge circuits, the high-voltage side power switch tube of only one of the half-bridge circuits can be controlled to be kept on, and thus, the heat generated by the driving motor can be further reduced.
In the using process of the electric automobile, the condition that the output power of the charging pile cannot be fully utilized due to too low battery voltage exists, some embodiments of the application further provide a control method for 'voltage reduction charging', and the control method can comprise the following steps: when the electric automobile is in a third direct current charging state, the switch module is controlled to be switched off, and an instruction is sent to the charging pile so that the charging pile can output charging voltage; in the third direct-current charging state, the difference value between the maximum voltage of the charging pile and the voltage of the power battery system is larger than a preset value; and after the charging voltage reaches a preset condition, controlling a high-low voltage side power switch tube of the three-phase inverter circuit by using the modulated PWM wave. The control method is basically consistent with the control method during boost charging, when the battery voltage is too low, if the conventional direct current charging is adopted, the voltage of the charging pile must be matched with the battery voltage, and when the direct current charging is carried out based on the control method of the embodiment, the power supply voltage of the charging pile can be increased, so that the charging power is increased. It should be noted that the preset value may be set according to the requirements of specific scenarios, for example, in some scenarios, the preset value may be 300V, and a certain dc charging pile may output 800V voltage, and when the battery voltage is lower than 500V, the control scheme of this embodiment may be adopted to improve the charging power; the final output voltage of the charging pile does not exceed the maximum voltage which can be borne by the three-phase inverter bridge.
Further, in some other embodiments, the control method may include: when the electric automobile is in a third direct current charging state, the switch module is controlled to be disconnected, and an instruction is sent to the charging pile, so that the charging pile outputs a charging voltage; in the third direct-current charging state, the difference value between the maximum voltage of the charging pile and the voltage of the power battery system is greater than a preset value; and after the charging voltage reaches a preset condition, controlling the high-voltage side power switch tube of the first half-bridge circuit group to be kept on, controlling the low-voltage side power switch tube to be kept off, and controlling the high-voltage side power switch tube and the low-voltage side power switch tube of the second half-bridge circuit group by utilizing the modulated PWM wave. Similarly, it can be considered as a preferable control mode in "step-down charging", in which the power switch tube on the high-voltage side of the inverter bridge connected to the battery is kept on all the time, while the power switch tube on the low-voltage side is kept off, and only the other part of the inverter, i.e. the second half-bridge circuit group, controls the motor current under the control of the PWM wave. The preferred scheme can reduce the switching frequency of the power switching tubes of the first half-bridge circuit group as much as possible, thereby reducing the loss, and simultaneously reduce the current flowing through the driving motor under the same charging power, thereby reducing the heating of the driving motor. In addition, when the second half-bridge circuit group includes two-phase half-bridge circuits, the PWM wave may be used to control the switching operations of all four power switching tubes, or only control the switching operations of two power switching tubes on one of the inverter bridges, which is not limited in the present application.
To illustrate the solution of the present application in more detail, a specific embodiment is described below:
as shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of an electric drive system provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the electric drive system 41 includes a power battery 42, a three-phase inverter bridge 43, a relay Ki44, and a drive motor 45; the dc charging post 47 can charge the power battery 42 through the dc charging port 46. Compared with the conventional electric vehicle electrical appliance topology, the present embodiment is different at least in that: three half-bridge circuits of the three-phase inverter bridge 43 are divided into two groups, one group includes a one-phase half-bridge circuit, namely a Q1Q2 half-bridge circuit composed of power switching tubes Q1 (labeled 431 in the figure) and Q2 (labeled 432 in the figure), and the other group includes a two-phase half-bridge circuit, namely a Q3Q4 half-bridge circuit composed of power switching tubes Q3 (labeled 433 in the figure) and Q4 (labeled 434 in the figure) and a Q5Q6 half-bridge circuit composed of power switching tubes Q5 (labeled 435 in the figure) and Q6 (labeled 436 in the figure); the positive electrode of one set of half-bridge circuit is directly connected with the positive electrode of the power battery 42, and the positive electrode of the other set of half-bridge circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current charging port 46; the anodes of the two divided parts of the three-phase inverter bridge 43 are connected together by a relay Ki 44.
For the electric drive system of the embodiment of the application, the following control method is adopted:
firstly, aiming at the working condition that the vehicle normally runs: the relay Ki is closed, the driving motor is controlled by the three-phase inverter bridge to drive the vehicle, and the whole body is the same as that of a normal three-phase inverter;
secondly, aiming at the working condition of common direct current charging: when the voltage of the charging pile is high enough to directly charge the battery, the relay Ki is closed, and then the whole vehicle sends an instruction to the charging pile so that the charging pile is charged according to the current voltage of the power battery, and the whole charging process is the same as the normal direct-current quick charging process;
thirdly, aiming at the working condition of boosting charging: when filling electric pile maximum voltage and being less than battery voltage, just need carry out the charging that steps up, its control flow includes:
s401, disconnecting a relay Ki;
s402, sending a command to a charging pile by the whole vehicle so as to enable the charging pile to output charging voltage;
s403, after the voltage of the charging pile reaches a set requirement, the three-phase inverter bridge controls each power switch tube to output voltage to the driving motor through the modulated PWM wave, controls a winding of the driving motor to generate current according to the charging power requirement, and enables the current of the motor phase connected with the Q1Q2 to flow to a connection point of the Q1Q2 through the winding of the driving motor;
preferably, at this time, the power switching tubes on the high-voltage side of the inverter bridge connected to the charging port, i.e., Q3 and Q5, are kept on, while the power switching tubes on the low-voltage side, i.e., Q4 and Q6, are kept off, and only Q1 and Q2 perform switching action under the control of the PWM wave and control the charging current;
s404, after the charging is finished, the three-phase inverter bridge stops working;
through the process, the charging pile with lower output voltage can effectively charge the power battery;
fourthly, aiming at the working condition of step-down charging: electric automobile is in the use, often there is the unable make full use of because battery voltage is too low and fills the condition of electric pile output power, for example a certain direct current fills electric pile exportable 800V voltage, 200A electric current, it is 160kW to fill electric pile maximum charging power, if battery voltage only is 350V, when then adopting conventional direct current to charge, the voltage that fills electric pile must match battery voltage, consequently, it can only export 350V to fill electric pile, even if according to maximum current output, it can only provide 350V 200A to fill electric pile this moment and=thepower of charging of 70kW, be less than 160 kW's maximum capacity far away, can improve power of charging through following control flow this moment:
s411, opening a relay Ki;
s412, sending a command to the charging pile by the whole vehicle so that the charging pile outputs charging voltage, wherein the output voltage of the charging pile is greater than the voltage of the battery but not higher than the maximum voltage which can be borne by the inverter, such as 500V;
s413, after the voltage of the charging pile reaches a set requirement, the three-phase inverter bridge controls each power switch tube to output voltage to the driving motor through the modulated PWM wave, and controls a winding of the driving motor to generate current according to the charging power requirement, so that the current of the motor phase connected with the Q1Q2 flows to a connection point of the Q1Q2 through the winding of the driving motor;
preferably, at this time, the power switch Q1 on the high-voltage side of the inverter bridge connected with the battery is kept on, while the power switch Q2 on the low-voltage side is kept off, and only the other part of the inverter controls the current of the driving motor under the control of the PWM wave (only Q3Q4, or only Q5Q6, or all Q3Q4Q5Q6 is switched);
s414, after the charging is finished, the three-phase inverter bridge stops working;
through the process, the power supply voltage of the charging pile can be increased to 500V, the maximum power can reach 500V 200A =100kW, and the charging power is remarkably increased.
In addition, the present application provides the following variations on the circuit shown in fig. 4 (for convenience, only the variation part of the circuit is labeled in the schematic diagram of the following variations, and the rest is not labeled):
the first variation scheme is as follows: by utilizing the equivalent circuit topology, the three-phase inverter bridge can be selectively disconnected at the negative pole, as shown in fig. 5, and fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another electric drive system shown in the embodiment of the present application; the cathodes of the two separated parts of the three-phase inverter bridge are connected together through a relay Ki 51;
the second variation scheme is as follows: the three-phase inverter bridge may select two half bridges to connect the battery side, and another half bridge to connect the dc charging port, as shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of another electric drive system shown in the embodiment of the present application; the positive electrodes of the two separated parts of the three-phase inverter bridge are connected together through a relay Ki 61.
Through above-mentioned change scheme, can structurally bring more nimble arranging, specifically select which kind of circuit, can be according to the circuit under the operating mode such as charging that steps up, step-down charging loss, the factor comprehensive consideration such as generate heat of electric drive system.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising a," "8230," "8230," or "comprising" does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an electric automobile power drive system which characterized in that, includes power battery system, three-phase inverter circuit, driving motor and switch module, wherein:
the input end of the three-phase inverter circuit is connected with the power battery system, and the output end of the three-phase inverter circuit is connected with the driving motor; the three-phase inverter circuit comprises a first half-bridge circuit group and a second half-bridge circuit group, wherein the first half-bridge circuit group comprises a one-phase half-bridge circuit or a two-phase half-bridge circuit; the first half-bridge circuit group and the second half-bridge circuit group are connected through the switch module; the positive electrode of the first half bridge circuit group is connected to the positive electrode of the power battery system, and the negative electrode of the first half bridge circuit group is connected to the negative electrode of the power battery system; the positive pole of the second half-bridge circuit group is connected to the positive pole of a direct current charging port, and the negative pole of the second half-bridge circuit group is connected to the negative pole of the direct current charging port.
2. The electric vehicle driving system of claim 1, wherein the anodes of the first half-bridge circuit group and the anodes of the second half-bridge circuit group are connected through the switch modules; and the negative electrode of the first half-bridge circuit group is directly connected with the negative electrode of the second half-bridge circuit group.
3. The electric vehicle electric drive system of claim 1, characterized in that the negative poles of the first half-bridge circuit group and the second half-bridge circuit group are connected through the switch module; and the positive electrode of the first half-bridge circuit group is directly connected with the positive electrode of the second half-bridge circuit group.
4. The electric vehicle drive system of claim 1, wherein the switch module comprises a relay.
5. A control method of an electric vehicle electric drive system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising:
when the electric automobile is in a normal driving state or a first direct current charging state, controlling the switch module to be closed; and under the first direct current charging state, the maximum voltage of a charging pile is higher than or equal to the voltage of the power battery system.
6. The control method according to claim 5, characterized by further comprising:
when the electric automobile is in a second direct current charging state, the switch module is controlled to be switched off, and an instruction is sent to the charging pile so that the charging pile can output charging voltage; in the second direct-current charging state, the maximum voltage of the charging pile is lower than the voltage of the power battery system;
and after the charging voltage reaches a preset condition, controlling a high-low voltage side power switch tube of the three-phase inverter circuit by using the modulated PWM wave.
7. The control method according to claim 5, characterized by further comprising:
when the electric automobile is in a second direct current charging state, the switch module is controlled to be switched off, and an instruction is sent to the charging pile so that the charging pile can output charging voltage; in the second direct-current charging state, the maximum voltage of the charging pile is lower than the voltage of the power battery system;
and after the charging voltage reaches a preset condition, controlling the high-voltage side power switch tube of the second half-bridge circuit group to be kept on, controlling the low-voltage side power switch tube to be kept off, and controlling the high-voltage side power switch tube and the low-voltage side power switch tube of the first half-bridge circuit group by utilizing the modulated PWM wave.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein when the second set of half-bridge circuits comprises a two-phase half-bridge circuit, the controlling the high-side power switch of the second set of half-bridge circuits to remain conductive comprises:
and controlling a high-voltage side power switch tube of one phase of half-bridge circuit of the second half-bridge circuit group to be kept conducted.
9. The control method according to claim 5, characterized by further comprising:
when the electric automobile is in a third direct current charging state, the switch module is controlled to be switched off, and an instruction is sent to the charging pile so that the charging pile can output charging voltage; in the third direct-current charging state, the difference value between the maximum voltage of the charging pile and the voltage of the power battery system is larger than a preset value;
and after the charging voltage reaches a preset condition, controlling a high-low voltage side power switch tube of the three-phase inverter circuit by using the modulated PWM wave.
10. The control method according to claim 5, characterized by further comprising:
when the electric automobile is in a third direct current charging state, the switch module is controlled to be switched off, and an instruction is sent to the charging pile so that the charging pile can output charging voltage; in the third direct-current charging state, the difference value between the maximum voltage of the charging pile and the voltage of the power battery system is greater than a preset value;
and after the charging voltage reaches a preset condition, controlling the high-voltage side power switch tube of the first half-bridge circuit group to be kept on, controlling the low-voltage side power switch tube to be kept off, and controlling the high-voltage side power switch tube and the low-voltage side power switch tube of the second half-bridge circuit group by utilizing the modulated PWM wave.
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| CN202211273459.XA CN115503511A (en) | 2022-10-18 | 2022-10-18 | Electric automobile electric driving system and control method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116707102A (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-09-05 | 广汽埃安新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Electric drive and charge integrated system, control method, vehicle and electronic device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116707102A (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-09-05 | 广汽埃安新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Electric drive and charge integrated system, control method, vehicle and electronic device |
| CN116707102B (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2024-01-19 | 广汽埃安新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Electric drive and charge integrated system, control method, vehicle and electronic device |
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