CN115503457A

CN115503457A - Heavy-duty truck battery-replacing box locking device assembly

Info

Publication number: CN115503457A
Application number: CN202211300780.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王加斌; 左国钧
Original assignee: Jiangsu Zhongru Metal Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Zhongru Metal Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-24
Filing date: 2022-10-24
Publication date: 2022-12-23
Anticipated expiration: 2042-10-24
Also published as: CN115503457B

Abstract

The invention discloses a locking device assembly of a battery box for replacing a heavy truck, which comprises a battery bracket, a locking device and a flexible base plate, wherein the battery bracket is fixed on an electric heavy truck, the flexible base plate is fixed above an outer frame of the battery box, the locking device is arranged on the inner side of the outer frame of the battery bracket, the locking device comprises a lock tongue, an air cylinder, a thrust rod, a bottom plate and the like, the lock tongue is of a rotating shaft structure, is driven by the air cylinder to overturn and is pressed with the base plate to realize the locking of the battery box, and ratchets are arranged on the surface of the thrust rod and are meshed with ratchets on the back of the lock tongue to prevent the lock tongue from returning and play a locking role. The device has the advantages that the bolt overturning and the ratchet meshing action can be realized by one air cylinder, so that the cost is saved; the mechanical locking guarantee is provided, the air cylinder does not need to supply air all the time, and energy is saved.

Description

Heavily block and trade battery box locking means assembly

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of replacement of batteries of heavy trucks, and particularly relates to a locking device assembly of a battery box of an electric heavy truck replacement battery.

Background

In the present electric heavy truck, a battery cabin is replaced by a battery replacing mode so as to quickly supplement battery energy. The battery replacement is also divided into a plurality of modes, at present, the top replacement is mainly used, and the specific operation steps are as follows: firstly, a truck drives into a charging station in a special battery replacement station, hoisting equipment hoists away a battery compartment with insufficient power, then hoists the battery compartment with full power onto the truck, and then a locking device is needed to fix the battery compartment and a bracket below the battery compartment.

The existing battery compartment locking device for the electric heavy truck has various types, wherein after the locking device is locked, self-locking can be carried out so that a motor in the locking device does not need to be continuously supplied with power, and the locking device is a common technical means in the locking device. An assembly including a locking mechanism, as disclosed in CN 217022258U, is to lock the battery compartment by pushing the turning part directly by a common air cylinder through the lever principle, and meanwhile, the locking mechanism is further provided with a release prevention mechanism to realize a self-locking function. Specifically, as shown in the accompanying drawing 3 of the patent specification and paragraphs [ 0034 ] and [ 0037 ] of the specification, the anti-falling mechanism applies tension to the overturning mechanism to prevent the overturning mechanism from loosening. Through anti-disengaging mechanism's setting for tilting mechanism can be when driving piece 210 can't provide thrust for tilting mechanism's clamping jaw 310, remains throughout to the state that compresses tightly of battery box inner wall, and specifically adopted: after the clamping jaw 310 of the turnover mechanism compresses the inner wall of the battery box, the elastic piece 420 is in a stretching state, at the moment, the elastic piece 420 can apply a force resisting the anticlockwise rotation of the clamping jaw 310 to the clamping jaw 310, so that the clamping jaw 310 can firmly press the inner wall of the battery box, and the locking mechanism always keeps a locking state.

The above-mentioned anti-drop mechanism in the prior art can realize the self-locking function, but has a drawback. The adopted anti-falling mechanism adopts the stretching state of the elastic piece 420 to resist the clamping jaw 310 to rotate anticlockwise, namely when the clamping jaw 310 overturns to the unlocking position, the motor also needs to overcome the resistance brought by the stretching of the elastic piece 420, so that the power consumption of the motor is increased; meanwhile, the time of the battery box in the locking state on the truck is far longer than that in the unlocking state, so that the elastic piece 420 is always in the stretching state, plastic deformation is easily caused, and failure situations such as fracture and the like are seriously caused.

Therefore, a new technical solution is needed to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the patent provides a heavily block trades battery box locking means assembly to solve the problem that exists among the prior art to the locking mechanism among the self-locking mechanism elastic component became invalid easily and cause the resistance to the motor.

The technical scheme is as follows: the invention can adopt the following technical scheme:

a heavy truck battery box locking device assembly comprises a battery bracket and a plurality of locking devices arranged on the battery bracket; the locking device comprises a bottom plate, a driver arranged on the bottom plate, a bolt support arranged on the bottom plate, a bolt rotatably arranged on the bolt support, a thrust rod positioned on the back surface of the bolt and an intermediate mechanism matched with the output of the driver; a slot is arranged on the lock tongue; the bottom of the thrust rod is hinged to the bottom plate, the thrust rod rotates between a locking position and an opening position, when the thrust rod is in the locking position, the thrust rod abuts against the back of the lock tongue and forms mutual locking, and when the thrust rod is in the opening position, the thrust rod is far away from the back of the lock tongue and mutually unlocks with the lock tongue;

the intermediate mechanism comprises a guide shaft penetrating through the slot, a first stop lever matched with the thrust lever and a connecting piece for connecting the first stop lever and the guide shaft; the external diameter of guide shaft is less than slotted length, and when the guide shaft was driven by the driver and removed in the fluting and when removing to the thrust lever direction, the guide shaft drove first pin and pushes away the thrust lever to the direction of keeping away from the spring bolt back and make thrust lever and spring bolt unblock each other, and the guide shaft reachs and supports and promotes the spring bolt to rotate to back direction after leaning on the fluting tip again.

Furthermore, the connecting piece comprises a sleeve connected with the upper end of the first baffle rod, a straight rod positioned at the outer end of the sleeve and a shaft sleeve positioned outside the guide shaft, the shaft sleeve is provided with a through hole, the straight rod penetrates through the through hole and slides in the through hole, a dial rod shaft is arranged on the side surface of the lock tongue, and the sleeve is sleeved on the dial rod shaft and rotates relative to the dial rod shaft; the poke rod shaft is arranged in parallel with the guide shaft and is positioned above the guide shaft.

Furthermore, the first stop lever is an arc-shaped lever protruding outwards, and a first stop lever at the side of the thrust lever, protruding outwards and matched with the thrust lever, is arranged on the outer side surface of the thrust lever; when the thrust rod is in a locking position, the first stop lever is positioned below the thrust rod side stop lever and is not in contact with the thrust rod side stop lever, when the guide shaft is driven by the driver to move in the groove and move towards the direction of the thrust rod, the thrust rod and the lock tongue are locked mutually, the lock tongue is not moved, the shaft sleeve moves relative to the straight rod and drives the sleeve to rotate, the sleeve rotates to drive the lower end of the first stop lever to lift up the thrust rod side stop lever, and the thrust rod is far away from the back of the lock tongue and is unlocked with the lock tongue mutually.

Furthermore, the surfaces of the back of the lock tongue and the thrust rod facing the lock tongue are respectively provided with a ratchet structure, and when the thrust rod is in a locking position, the thrust rod and the back of the lock tongue are mutually locked through the ratchet structures.

Furthermore, a spring is connected between the lower end of the thrust rod and the bottom plate to serve as a reset mechanism.

Further, the driver is an air cylinder.

Furthermore, the battery bracket comprises an outer frame body, a plurality of locking devices are mounted on the outer frame body, and mounting bottom plates of the locking devices are mounted on the inner side of the outer frame body.

Has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the anti-thrust rod is arranged to abut against the back of the lock tongue and form mutual locking, and the locking structure is not locked by the elasticity of the elastic piece and is not easy to damage. Simultaneously, when the locking structure unblock, drive earlier the thrust bar and lift up and can the unblock, the resistance that receives during the unblock is less, and only need a cylinder alright drive thrust bar and spring bolt upset in proper order, on the basis of realizing the locking function, reduced driving piece quantity, practiced thrift the cost. The invention has reliable mechanical locking mechanism, and the power of the driver can be closed after locking, thereby saving the electric power and increasing the endurance of the electric heavy truck.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heavy truck battery replacement box locking device assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a general assembly view of the embodiment of the present invention in a locked state;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking mechanism of a locking device assembly of a battery case for heavy truck replacement provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the structure of the transmission member of the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of two operation states of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a locked state and (b) is an unlocked state;

fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a flexible backing plate of a heavy-truck battery-replacement box locking device assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure:

1. a battery holder;

2. a quick-change connector;

3. a locking mechanism; 31. a base plate; 32. a latch bolt; 33. a cylinder;

34. a thrust rod; 341. a thrust rod side stop lever;

35. a transmission member; 351. a shaft end nut;

352. a deflector rod; 3521. a first bar; 3522. a sleeve; 3523. straight rod

353. A shaft sleeve; 354. a guide shaft; 355. a cylinder push rod; 356. a cover plate; 357. a cover plate screw;

358. a lever shaft; 359. slotting the lock tongue; 36. a thrust rod spring;

4. a battery case;

5. a flexible backing plate; 51. a rubber pad; 52. a backing plate outer frame; 53. and (6) supporting the block.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The examples are intended to assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, the invention can be modified or changed in several ways without departing from the spirit of the invention, and still fall into the scope of the invention.

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.

The embodiment of the invention provides a locking device assembly of a battery box for replacement of a heavy truck, which is safe, reliable, simple in structure and low in cost.

Referring to fig. 1, the locking devices of the battery re-clamping and replacing box are distributed at intervals outside the battery bracket 1, and considering the reliable locking and space requirements of the battery box, the locking devices are at least arranged in four, at most ten, and are not limited to the arrangement scheme of six sets of locking devices shown in this embodiment.

Referring to fig. 2, the flexible backing plate 5 is fixed on the frame body outside the battery box 4, and the rubber pad is placed below the supporting block. After the spring bolt pressfitting received the supporting shoe, because of the rubber pad of supporting shoe below possesses the flexibility, so the supporting shoe can extrude the rubber pad and carry out a section of small displacement, makes the height, the slope of supporting the inclined plane all suit with the spring bolt to realize locking face's closely laminating, realize the integration lock solid, avoid leading to the battery box to rock because of the existence in clearance, the security is higher.

Referring to fig. 3, the locking device 3 includes a base plate 31, a latch 32, a cylinder 33, a thrust rod 34, and a transmission member 35. All parts of the locking device 3 are fixed to the base plate 31, and the base plate 31 is fixed to the battery carrier 1 by bolts. Bottom plate 31 is formed by the steel sheet welding, possesses side strengthening rib structure, safe and reliable. The lock tongue 32 is a rotating shaft structure, and the rotating shaft thereof is installed on the supports at the two sides of the bottom plate 31 and is axially fixed through a clamp spring. The back of lock tongue 32 and the surface of thrust lever 34 all process and have a plurality of ratchet structures, and after thrust lever 34 overturns the place ahead and contact with lock tongue 32, ratchet structure can prevent lock tongue 32 to retreat, plays the locking effect, guarantees the security. In an alternative, a spring 36 may be disposed between the lower end of the thrust rod 34 and the bottom plate, and the thrust rod 34 is returned by the tension of the spring 36, under which the side stop 341 of the thrust rod 34 is always pressed against the outer side of the first stop 3521 of the shift lever 352. The first stopper 3521 is an arc-shaped rod protruding outward. The cylinder 33 is mounted on the bottom plate 31 through a rotating shaft, and a circular hole is formed on the front end push rod 355. The cylinder push rod 355 is sleeved on the guide shaft 354 through the shaft hole and can rotate around the guide shaft 354. During the process of pushing forward the piston rod of the cylinder 33, the push rod 355 transmits the pushing force to the guide shaft 354, and the guide shaft 354 transmits the force to the latch 32 through the sliding groove. Thereby bringing about the rotational action of the latch tongue 32. In the process that the cylinder 33 drives the guide shaft 354 to move, the bushing 353 sleeved at the end of the guide shaft 354 also moves along with the guide shaft 354, and the bushing 353 can further rotate around the guide shaft 354, so that the guide shaft 354 can drive the shift lever 352 to rotate around the shift lever shaft 358 through the bushing 353, and further the first stop lever 3521 shifts the stop lever 341 on the thrust lever side, thereby realizing the forward and backward rotation of the thrust lever. After the thrust rod 34 completely locks the bolt 32, the cylinder power can be turned off, so that the battery power is saved, and the cruising ability of the truck is increased.

For the locking mechanism 3, the turning action of the two parts of the lock tongue and the thrust rod can be completed by one cylinder in sequence, and is mainly realized by the transmission part 35. Referring to fig. 4, the transmission component 35 includes a shaft end nut 351, a shift lever 352, a first stop lever 3521, a sleeve 3522, a straight lever 3523, a shaft sleeve 353, a guide shaft 354, a cylinder push rod 355, a cover plate 356, a cover plate screw 357, a shift lever shaft 358, a lock tongue slot 359, and the like. The lever shaft 358 and the slot 359 are structures on the lock tongue 32, and are integrated with the lock tongue 32. The slot 359 is a non-through slot, and the depth of the slot 359 is just enough to allow the cylindrical section of the stub shaft 354 to be placed therein. The shift lever 352 is formed by welding a straight rod 3523, a sleeve 3522 and a first stop lever 3521, wherein the straight rod 3523 is sleeved in a hole of the shaft sleeve 353, the sleeve 3522 is sleeved on the shift lever rotating shaft 358, and the first stop lever 3521 is in contact with the stop lever 341 on the thrust lever side. The shift lever 352 is fitted around the shift lever rotation shaft 358 and axially fixed by the shaft end nut 351, preventing the shift lever 352 from coming out. The guide shaft 354 is a two-section cylindrical structure, and the thick end is placed in the slot 359 and fixed by the cover plate 356, so that the guide shaft 354 can slide in the slot 359 without falling out. The cylinder front end push rod 355 is sleeved on the guide shaft 354 in a circular hole, and is used for transmitting the cylinder power to the guide shaft 354 and the lock tongue 32.

Referring to fig. 5, (a), (b) are the locked and unlocked states of the device, respectively. When the device needs to lock the battery box, the cylinder piston rod is pushed forward, and the guide shaft 354 is driven by the push rod 355 to slide forward in the slot 359. When the guide shaft 354 slides to the front end of the slot 359, it will drive the latch 32 to move together, so that the latch 32 turns forward until it is tightly pressed against the supporting block 53, and the locking function is achieved. After the latch is completed, the shift lever 352 has moved to the forward position, and no longer constrains the side stop 341 of the thrust lever, so that the thrust lever 34 will be tightly attached to the back of the latch tongue 32 under the pulling force of the spring 36, and the mechanical locking is realized by the mutual engagement of the ratchet teeth, and the latched state is shown in fig. 5 (a). When the device needs to be unlocked, the piston rod of the cylinder 33 slides the guide shaft 354 backwards in the slot 359. When the guide shaft 354 slides backwards in the slot 359, the latch tongue 32 does not act and remains in the locked state, and the shift lever 352 is driven to rotate around the shaft 358, so that the first stop lever 3521 contacts the side stop lever 341 of the thrust rod 34 and continues to move backwards against the side stop lever 341, and then the thrust rod 34 is driven to flip backwards, so that the pawls of the latch tongue 32 and the thrust rod 34 are disengaged from each other, that is, the mechanical lock is released, and the latch tongue is allowed to flip backwards. When the guide shaft 354 slides to the rear end of the slot 359, the locking tongue 32 is driven to turn backward together. Because the pawls are released, the latch 32 will be turned backwards under the pulling of the cylinder 33 and the guide shaft 354, releasing the fastening of the battery box supporting block 53, and the state shown in fig. 5 (b) is after the latch is unlocked.

Referring to fig. 6, the flexible mat 5 includes a rubber pad 51, a mat outer frame 52, and a support block 53. When the spring bolt 32 pushed down the locking to supporting shoe 53, can make block rubber 51 carry out compression deformation to allow supporting shoe 53 to possess certain position adjustment volume, be used for adapting to the concrete position of spring bolt 32 crimping face, realize closely laminating, avoid having the clearance and lead to the battery box to rock.

The specific working steps of the embodiment of the invention are as follows: after the truck stops at the battery replacement station, the driver presses the 'battery box unlocking' button, the electromagnetic valve acts at the moment, and the air pump starts to supply air to the rod cavity of the air cylinder 33, so that the air cylinder returns. At the beginning of the retraction of cylinder push rod 355, guide shaft 354 slides in slot 359, and thrust rod 34 is pushed to rotate backward by first stop rod 3521, so that the pawl is disengaged and bolt 32 is released. After the guide shaft 354 moves to the rear end termination of the slot 359, the locking bolt 32 is continuously pulled to turn over backwards under the driving of the air cylinder 33, so that the battery box is unlocked, and the hoisting and replacing operation can be performed.

When the battery box is replaced, the driver operates the "battery box lock" button. The cylinder 33 is pushed forward, the guide shaft 354 slides forward in the slot 359, the lever 352 rotates around the shaft 358, the first stop rod 3521 gradually moves forward until it is disengaged from the stop rod 341, and then the stop rod 34 abuts against the back of the latch tongue 32 under the pulling force of the spring 36. Because the thrust rod 34 and the ratchet of the latch tongue 32 are one-way detented, the latch tongue 32 is allowed to rotate forward. When the guide shaft 354 slides forward to the foremost end of the slot 359, the bolt 32 will be driven by the cylinder 33 to turn forward until it is tightly pressed on the upper surface of the supporting block 53, and the locking operation is completed. After the locking is completed, the thrust rod 34 is always attached to the back of the lock tongue 32, and the lock tongue 32 is prevented from returning through one-way ratchet engagement, so that the mechanical locking guarantee of the device is realized. After the locking is finished, the power supply of the air pump can be turned off, the electric quantity of the battery is saved, and the endurance of the truck is increased.

The device disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, has a mechanical locking guarantee of a ratchet structure, is higher in safety, does not need an air pump to work all the time, saves energy, and guarantees higher cruising ability of a truck. In addition, the locking device is not affected by processing and assembling errors of parts such as a battery box frame, a supporting block and a spring bolt, a certain position error of a joint surface is allowed, deviation amount is compensated through a rubber pad, the supporting block can be better attached to a compression joint surface of the spring bolt, the battery box is prevented from shaking caused by gaps, real integrated fastening is realized, and safety and reliability are realized.

The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A locking device assembly of a battery box for replacing batteries of a heavy truck comprises a battery bracket and a plurality of locking devices arranged on the battery bracket; the locking device is characterized by comprising a bottom plate, a driver arranged on the bottom plate, a bolt support arranged on the bottom plate, a bolt rotatably arranged on the bolt support, a thrust rod positioned on the back surface of the bolt and an intermediate mechanism matched with the output of the driver; a slot is formed in the lock tongue; the bottom of the thrust rod is hinged to the bottom plate, the thrust rod rotates between a locking position and an opening position, when the thrust rod is in the locking position, the thrust rod abuts against the back of the lock tongue and forms mutual locking, and when the thrust rod is in the opening position, the thrust rod is far away from the back of the lock tongue and is mutually unlocked with the lock tongue;

2. The heavy-duty truck battery changing box locking device assembly of claim 1, wherein: the connecting piece comprises a sleeve connected with the upper end of the first stop lever, a straight lever positioned at the outer end of the sleeve and a shaft sleeve positioned outside the guide shaft, the shaft sleeve is provided with a through hole, the straight lever penetrates through the through hole and slides in the through hole, a dial rod shaft is arranged on the side surface of the lock tongue, and the sleeve is sleeved on the dial rod shaft and rotates relative to the dial rod shaft; the poke rod shaft is arranged in parallel with the guide shaft and is positioned above the guide shaft.

3. The re-cartoning and replacing battery box locking device assembly as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the first stop lever is an arc-shaped lever protruding outwards, and a first stop lever at the side of the thrust lever, protruding outwards and matched with the thrust lever, is arranged on the outer side surface of the thrust lever; when the thrust rod is in a locking position, the first stop lever is positioned below the thrust rod side stop lever and does not contact with the thrust rod side stop lever, when the guide shaft is driven by the driver to move in the groove and move towards the direction of the thrust rod, the thrust rod and the lock tongue are locked with each other, the lock tongue does not move, the shaft sleeve moves relative to the straight rod and drives the sleeve to rotate, the sleeve rotates to drive the lower end of the first stop lever to lift up the thrust rod side stop lever, and the thrust rod is far away from the back of the lock tongue and is unlocked with the lock tongue mutually.

4. The re-cartoning and replacing battery box locking device assembly as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the surface of the back of the lock tongue and the surface of the thrust rod, which faces the lock tongue, are both provided with ratchet structures, and when the thrust rod is in a locking position, the thrust rod and the back of the lock tongue are mutually locked through the ratchet structures.

5. The heavy truck battery pack locking apparatus assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: and a spring is connected between the lower end of the thrust rod and the bottom plate and used as a reset mechanism.

6. The heavy-duty battery-replacement-box locking device assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the driver is an air cylinder.

7. The re-cartoning and replacing battery box locking device assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the battery bracket comprises an outer frame body, a plurality of locking devices are mounted on the outer frame body, and mounting bottom plates of the locking devices are mounted on the inner side of the outer frame body.