CN111703334A - Locking mechanism assembly, locking method, unlocking method and electric automobile - Google Patents
Locking mechanism assembly, locking method, unlocking method and electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN111703334A CN111703334A CN202010536112.4A CN202010536112A CN111703334A CN 111703334 A CN111703334 A CN 111703334A CN 202010536112 A CN202010536112 A CN 202010536112A CN 111703334 A CN111703334 A CN 111703334A
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- unlocking
- pawl
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 226
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
- B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a locking mechanism assembly, a locking method, an unlocking method and an electric automobile. The locking mechanism assembly includes: a plurality of locking mechanism bodies; the locking mechanism bodies realize linkage unlocking through the sliding of the sheet metal connecting pieces; and the secondary locking mechanism is abutted against the sheet metal connecting piece to limit the sheet metal connecting piece to move along the first direction. The locking mechanism assembly is provided with the plurality of locking mechanism bodies and the locking part on the quick-change power battery pack for locking, and linkage unlocking of the plurality of corresponding locking mechanism main bodies can be realized by pushing the sheet metal connecting piece along the first direction, so that the locking mechanism assembly is simple in structure and convenient and fast to operate, installation and disassembly processes of to-be-fixed parts such as the quick-change power battery pack can be facilitated, and replacement efficiency of the to-be-fixed parts is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical structures, in particular to a locking mechanism assembly, a locking method, an unlocking method and an electric automobile.
Background
In the two parts fixedly connected, if one part is in failure or cannot be used normally, the damaged or abnormally used part needs to be replaced. However, in the prior art, the quick-change power battery pack of the electric vehicle and the vehicle body are generally fixedly connected components, when the electric quantity of the power battery is exhausted, the electric vehicle needs to be charged immediately to ensure normal running of the electric vehicle, although charging facilities are continuously improved at present, so that the charging is more convenient, under the condition that the user time is urgent, in order to avoid overlong charging time, a method for replacing the power battery of the electric vehicle is mainly selected to solve the above problems, and when the electric quantity of the power battery is insufficient, a fully charged battery pack can be directly replaced at a charging station.
At present, a power battery of an electric automobile is generally welded or bolted to an automobile body, and the problems of complex installation and disassembly processes and long time consumption of a quick-change power battery pack exist, so that a locking mechanism for fixing the power battery pack on the automobile body is urgently needed to be designed so as to realize quick replacement of the power battery pack.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a locking mechanism assembly, a locking method, an unlocking method and an electric automobile, and solves the problems that in the prior art, the installation and disassembly processes of a quick-change power battery pack are complex, and the time consumption is long.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a locking mechanism assembly, including:
a plurality of locking mechanism bodies;
the locking mechanism bodies realize linkage unlocking through the sliding of the sheet metal connecting pieces;
and the secondary locking mechanism is abutted against the sheet metal connecting piece to limit the sheet metal connecting piece to move along the first direction.
Further, the locking mechanism body includes: and the locking mechanism body is unlocked when the unlocking operating rod moves along the first direction.
Further, the sheet metal connector is provided with a fixing hole groove corresponding to the unlocking operating rod of the locking mechanism body, and the unlocking operating rod is suspended in the fixing hole groove.
Further, the sheet metal connector includes:
the limiting structure is located at a secondary locking position abutted against the secondary locking mechanism and used for limiting the sheet metal connecting piece to move along a first direction;
the sheet metal connecting piece can move along a first direction when the sheet metal connecting piece is pivoted to a secondary unlocking position where the secondary locking mechanism is separated from the limiting structure.
Further, the secondary locking mechanism includes:
the movable part is connected with the sheet metal connecting piece through a connecting shaft;
and the return spring applies force to the moving component towards the secondary locking position where the moving component and the limiting structure are abutted.
Further, the secondary locking mechanism further includes: a sensor for a position between the limit structure and the moving part;
in the secondary lock position, the sensor outputs an electrical signal.
Further, the sheet metal connector still includes:
at least one panel beating reset spring, the panel beating reset spring orientation sheet metal connecting piece's the reset position is right sheet metal connecting piece application of force.
Further, the locking mechanism body includes: a ratchet and pawl;
the outer edge of the ratchet wheel is provided with a notch for inserting the locking part of the piece to be fixed;
the pawl is arranged at the relative position of the ratchet wheel;
when the ratchet wheel rotates to enable the opening to be in a locking state, the pawl rotates to be clamped with the ratchet wheel;
when the pawl rotates to be not clamped with the ratchet wheel, the ratchet wheel is in an unlocking state.
Furthermore, one end of the unlocking operating rod is arranged on the pawl, and the other end of the unlocking operating rod is suspended in the fixed hole groove;
when the sheet metal connecting piece is pushed to slide along the first direction, the sheet metal connecting piece pushes the unlocking operating lever to move, and the pawl is driven to rotate to a state separated from the ratchet wheel.
Further, the locking mechanism body further includes:
the pawl resetting mechanism is used for resetting the pawl to a position when the pawl is clamped with the ratchet wheel;
a microswitch, wherein the ratchet contacts the microswitch in the locked state.
Further, the locking mechanism body further includes: a second sensor for detecting a position of the ratchet.
Further, the locking mechanism body is arranged towards one side of a to-be-fixed part, and the sheet metal connecting piece backs on to one side of the to-be-fixed part.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an electric automobile which comprises the locking mechanism assembly.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a locking method for quickly changing the power battery pack, which applies the locking mechanism assembly, and a plurality of locking parts are arranged on the quickly changing power battery pack, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
driving a moving part and a limiting structure of the secondary locking mechanism to pivot from a first locking position to a first unlocking position;
controlling the quick-change power battery and the locking mechanism body to move relatively, so that a locking part on the quick-change power battery pack is correspondingly locked into the locking mechanism body;
and controlling the moving part to return to the first locking position.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an unlocking method for the quick-change power battery pack, which is characterized in that a plurality of locking parts are arranged on the quick-change power battery pack by applying the locking mechanism assembly, and the method comprises the following steps:
and driving the moving part of the secondary locking mechanism to be separated from the limiting structure, and controlling the sheet metal connecting piece to move along a first direction by pivoting from the first locking position to the first unlocking position to drive the locking mechanism body to unlock in a linkage manner.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the locking mechanism assembly is provided with a plurality of locking mechanism bodies and locking parts on the quick-change power battery pack for locking, the unlocking of the corresponding locking mechanism main bodies can be realized by pushing the sheet metal connecting piece along the first direction, the locking mechanism assembly of the invention has simple structure, flexible locking and unlocking process and larger fault tolerance, at least one secondary locking mechanism is arranged on the locking mechanism assembly of the invention, wherein the secondary locking mechanism improves the installation stability of the quick-change power battery pack, and only locks with the locking mechanism main body after the secondary locking mechanism is unlocked, the quick-change power battery pack mounting and dismounting device is simple in structure, convenient to operate, high in reliability, capable of conveniently carrying out the mounting and dismounting processes of the quick-change power battery pack, beneficial to improving the replacement efficiency of the quick-change power battery pack, and convenient to achieve standardization and universalization of a power replacement station.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates a top view of a locking mechanism assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates one of the applications of the locking mechanism assembly and the quick-change holder provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows an enlarged top view of the secondary locking mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 illustrates a front view of a locking mechanism assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows an enlarged view at A in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 illustrates a front view of a body of a locking mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows an exploded view of the body of the locking mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 illustrates a second application of the locking mechanism assembly and the quick-change holder provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating an application of the locking mechanism assembly and the quick-change power battery pack provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a locking mechanism body; 11-unlocking the lever; 12-a ratchet wheel; 121-a gap; 122-a ratchet shaft; 13-a pawl; 131-a pawl shaft; 14-pawl reset mechanism; 141-ratchet reset mechanism; 15-a microswitch; 16, an upper cover plate; 17-a lower cover plate; 18-a buffer structure; 2-sheet metal connecting pieces; 21-fixed hole slot; 22-a limit structure; 23-a sheet metal return spring; 24-a second stopper; 25-raised squares; 3-a secondary locking mechanism; 31-a moving part; 32-a return spring; 33-a first part; 34-a second portion; 35-a third portion; 4-a locking mechanism assembly; 5-quick-change support; 6-quickly changing the power battery pack.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In the following description, specific details such as specific configurations and components are provided only to help the full understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. Thus, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. In addition, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted for clarity and conciseness.
It should be appreciated that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
In various embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the sequence numbers of the following processes do not mean the execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.
It should be understood that the term "and/or" herein is merely one type of association relationship that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
In the embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that "B corresponding to a" means that B is associated with a from which B can be determined. It should also be understood that determining B from a does not mean determining B from a alone, but may be determined from a and/or other information.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, an embodiment of the present invention provides a locking mechanism assembly 4 including:
a plurality of locking mechanism bodies 1;
the locking mechanism comprises a plurality of locking mechanism bodies 1, a sliding sheet metal connecting piece 2 and a plurality of locking mechanism locking mechanisms, wherein the locking mechanism bodies 1 are linked and unlocked through the sliding of the sheet metal connecting piece 2;
In an embodiment of the present invention, the locking mechanism assembly 4 includes a plurality of locking mechanism bodies 1 for locking the member to be fixed, and the plurality of locking mechanism bodies 1 are connected to the locking portion of the member to be fixed in a matching manner, so as to lock the member to be fixed. The locking mechanism bodies 1 and the sheet metal connecting pieces 2 have a relative relation, and linkage unlocking is realized when the sheet metal connecting pieces 2 move along a first direction; locking mechanism assembly 4 still includes at least one secondary locking mechanism 3, secondary locking mechanism 3 supports when leaning on with sheet metal connected component 2, the restriction sheet metal connected component 2 forms the secondary locking along the first direction motion, realizes the secondary locking of locking mechanism assembly, has improved the reliability of locking state, avoids the risk of unexpected unblock.
Specifically, the locking mechanism body 1 includes: and the unlocking operating rod 11 is used for unlocking the locking mechanism body 1 when the unlocking operating rod 11 moves along the first direction.
It should be noted that the unlocking operation lever 11 is a switch for unlocking the locking mechanism body 1, and the locking mechanism body 1 is converted from the locking state to the unlocking state by shifting the unlocking operation lever 11 to move along the first direction.
Further, the sheet metal connector 2 is provided with a fixing hole groove 21 corresponding to the unlocking operation rod 11 of the locking mechanism body 1, and the unlocking operation rod 11 is suspended in the fixing hole groove 21.
In this embodiment, be provided with the fixed orifices groove 21 that corresponds with locking mechanism body 1 on the sheet metal connector 2, unblock control rod 11 suspends in fixed orifices groove 11, makes unblock control rod 11 have certain activity space, when treating the mounting and installing, avoids restricting the motion of unblock control rod 11, guarantees going on smoothly of installation, and simultaneously, when treating the mounting and dismantling, the lateral wall of fixed orifices groove 21 can be close to gradually and finally provides the thrust along first direction for unblock control rod 11, makes sheet metal connector 2 drive locking mechanism body 1 turns into the unblock state by the locking state.
As shown in fig. 1, specifically, the sheet metal connector 2 further includes at least one sheet metal return spring 23, one end of the sheet metal return spring 23 is fixedly connected to the sheet metal connector 2, and the other end of the sheet metal return spring is fixedly connected to the to-be-fixed member.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the quick-change bracket 5 and the quick-change power battery pack 6 are to be fixed, the locking mechanism assembly 4 is connected to the quick-change bracket 5. Sheet metal connector 2 is through at least one panel beating reset spring 23 and 5 fixed connection of quick change support in the first direction for receive external force when sheet metal connector 2 slides along the first direction and carry out the unblock to locking mechanism body 1, panel beating reset spring 23 is by tensile or compression, when locking mechanism body 1 unblock finishes and sheet metal connector 2 does not receive external force, resume the normal position under panel beating reset spring 23's elastic force, when guaranteeing the installation of quick change power battery package 6, locking mechanism body 1 can normally carry out the locking.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the sheet metal connector 2 includes:
the limiting structure 22 is positioned at a secondary locking position abutted against the secondary locking mechanism 3, and the sheet metal connecting piece 2 is limited to move along a first direction;
the sheet metal connecting piece 2 can move along a first direction when the sheet metal connecting piece is pivoted to a secondary unlocking position where the secondary locking mechanism 3 is separated from the limiting structure 22.
Specifically, the secondary lock mechanism 3 includes:
the movable part 31 can rotate, and the movable part 31 is connected with the sheet metal connecting piece 2 through a connecting shaft;
a return spring 32, the return spring 32 urging the moving member 31 toward a secondary lock position where the moving member 31 abuts against the stopper structure 22.
In this embodiment, when secondary locking mechanism 3 did not receive external force, the limit structure 22 that sets up on secondary locking mechanism 3's first end and the sheet metal connecting piece 2 supported and leans on for sheet metal connecting piece 2 is because of receiving secondary locking mechanism 3's locking can't slide along the first direction, works as when secondary locking mechanism 3 rotates or slides because of receiving the effect of external force down, secondary locking mechanism 3 with limit structure 22 separates, makes sheet metal connecting piece 2 can follow the first direction and slides, and then is convenient for carry out the unblock operation to locking mechanism body 1. Namely, the secondary locking part 3 is used for secondary locking, so that the phenomenon that the to-be-fixed piece falls off due to shaking and the like of the sheet metal connecting piece 2 is avoided, and the stability of installation of the to-be-fixed piece is ensured.
Preferably, a second limiting block 24 is further arranged on the sheet metal connecting part 2. When the secondary locking mechanism 3 is subjected to an external force and rotates for a first preset angle along the first hour hand direction, the second end of the secondary locking mechanism 3 abuts against the second limiting block 24, the first end of the secondary locking mechanism 3 is separated from the limiting structure 22, and the second end is opposite to the first end.
In this embodiment, the second stopper 24 that still sets up on the sheet metal connector 2 works as secondary locking mechanism 3 receives external force and follows when first needle direction rotates first predetermined angle for a while, secondary locking mechanism 3 the second end with second stopper 24 supports and leans on, avoids secondary locking mechanism 3 is too big right because of turned angle secondary locking mechanism 3 causes the damage to and avoid appearing secondary locking mechanism 3's second end supports with limit structure 21 and leans on, and the condition of the unable unblock that leads to appears. The preferred first clock hand direction is counterclockwise.
Further, the secondary locking mechanism 3 is in a Z shape. The secondary locking mechanism 3 includes: a first portion 33, a second portion 34, and a third portion 35;
the first portion 33 and the third portion 35 are arranged in parallel;
the second portion 34 is connected to the first portion 33 and the third portion 35, respectively;
wherein an end of the third portion 35 remote from the second portion 34 faces the stop structure 22;
the second portion 34 and the third portion 35 are in an arc-shaped transition.
In this embodiment, the third part 35 of the secondary locking mechanism 3 abuts against the limiting structure 22, and when the third part is located between the limiting structure 22 and the second limiting block 24, the motion trajectory of the sheet metal connecting part 2 is limited, so as to achieve the purpose of secondary locking, the secondary locking mechanism 3 rotates in an arc shape along the first time direction by a first preset angle, the first preset angle is smaller than 90 degrees, the first part 33 of the secondary locking mechanism 3 abuts against the second limiting block 24, so as to be in a secondary unlocking state, and the motion trajectory of the secondary locking mechanism 3 is limited by the action of the second limiting block 24, so that the overlong moving distance and the motion reliability of the sheet metal connecting part 2 are ensured; the reliability of the secondary unlocking and locking process is improved.
Further, the second stopper 24 is a stepped stopper, wherein the height of the second stopper 24 is greater than the height of the stopper structure 22.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the second stopper 24 is disposed through the component to be fixed and connected thereto. Through the connection of the second limiting blocks 24 with the parts to be fixed respectively, the locking mechanism assembly and the parts to be fixed are fixed, and the phenomenon that the parts fall off during the movement process is also guaranteed.
Optionally, a plurality of protruding blocks 25 are arranged on the sheet metal connecting part 2 at positions far away from the limiting structure 22 and the second limiting block 24;
wherein, the height of the protruding square 25 is greater than the height of the limiting structure 22.
In this embodiment, still set up a plurality of protruding squares 25 with treating that fixed part is connected on the sheet metal connecting piece 2, protruding squares 25 have guaranteed sheet metal connecting piece 2 and the interval of treating fixed part guarantee sheet metal connecting piece 2's slip is steady, and keeps having the space of wearing to establish with lock body mechanism body 1.
Optionally, a plurality of process holes are formed in the sheet metal connecting part 2 in the embodiment, and the process holes are convenient for machining and tooling processes of the sheet metal connecting part 2, so that the installation and machining efficiency is improved.
As an application mode, when the fixing part is a quick-change bracket, preferably, the sheet metal connecting part 2 is provided with a plurality of long round holes, the long round holes are penetrated through by bolts to be fixedly connected with the quick-change bracket 6, and the sheet metal connecting part 2 is slidably connected with the quick-change bracket 6. In this embodiment, after the bolt penetrates through the long round hole and is fixedly connected with the quick-change bracket 6, the bolt has a relative moving space in the long round length direction, so that the sliding connection between the sheet metal connector 2 and the quick-change bracket 6 can be realized, and the normal realization of the unlocking function can be further ensured.
Specifically, the secondary lock mechanism 3 further includes: a sensor for the position between the limit structure 22 and the moving part 31;
in the secondary lock position, the sensor outputs an electrical signal.
It should be noted that, the position of the moving component 31 can be detected by a sensor, and whether the secondary locking mechanism 3 is unlocked is determined, wherein when the moving component 31 and the limiting structure 22 are detected to be in the separated secondary unlocking position, it is determined that the secondary locking mechanism 3 is unlocked. When the moving part 31 is detected to be in the secondary locking position abutting against the limiting structure 22, the locking of the secondary locking mechanism 3 is determined. The unlocking state and the locking state can both send corresponding electric signals through the sensor to determine the current state of the secondary locking mechanism 3.
Here, the sensor detects an unlocking signal or a locking signal of the secondary locking mechanism 3 as a reference, and a control device at a vehicle end or a battery replacement station end detects a state signal of the secondary locking mechanism 3 to assist in monitoring the installation condition of the quick-change power battery pack, so that the installation reliability is ensured, and the safety is improved. The sensor can be a hall sensor, and can also be other types of sensors, for example, the sensor is a hall sensor, a magnetic steel part of the sensor is arranged on the moving part 31 or the limiting structure 22, and a part of the sensor sensing and sending signals can be arranged on other nearby structures.
The locking mechanism body 1 will be described below with reference to fig. 5 to 7. In an embodiment of the present invention, the locking mechanism body 1 includes: a ratchet 12 and a pawl 13;
the outer edge of the ratchet wheel 12 is provided with a notch for inserting a locking part on the piece to be fixed;
the pawl 13 sets the relative position of the ratchet wheel 12;
when the ratchet wheel 12 rotates to enable the gap to be in a locking state, the pawl 13 rotates to be clamped with the ratchet wheel 12;
when the pawl 13 rotates to be not clamped with the ratchet wheel 12, the ratchet wheel 12 is in an unlocking state.
In this embodiment, a notch 121 corresponding to the locking portion of the to-be-fixed member 8 is disposed on the outer edge of the ratchet 12, so that when the to-be-fixed member is relatively lifted in the vertical upward direction, the locking portion is gradually inserted into the notch 121 and abuts against the inner wall of the notch 121, so that the locking portion pushes the ratchet 12 to rotate around the ratchet shaft 122, and further, the orientation of the notch 121 rotates obliquely downward and obliquely upward, when the orientation of the notch 121 rotates to the horizontal direction, the locking portion is locked in the notch 121, the pawl 13 rotates around the pawl shaft 131 to be in clamping connection with the ratchet 12 under the pushing of the ratchet 12, and the ratchet 12 is prevented from rotating, and even if the lifting force is lost, the displacement cannot be generated under the action of gravity, so that the locking mechanism body 1 enters a locking state, and the fixed mounting of the to-be-fixed member is completed.
Further, one end of the unlocking operation rod 11 is arranged on the pawl 13, and the other end is suspended in the fixing hole groove 21;
when pushing sheet metal connecting piece 2 is followed when first direction slides, sheet metal connecting piece 2 promotes unblock control lever 11 removes, drives pawl 13 rotate to with the state of ratchet 12 separation.
In this embodiment, an unlocking operation lever 11 is arranged on the pawl, the other end of the unlocking operation lever is suspended in the fixed hole groove 21, when the sheet metal connector 2 is pushed to slide along the first direction, the sheet metal connector 2 pushes the unlocking operation lever 11 to move along the first direction through the side wall of the fixed hole groove 21, so that the unlocking operation lever 11 rotates, the pawl 13 is further driven to rotate around the pawl shaft 131, when the pawl 131 rotates to a state separated from the ratchet wheel 12, the ratchet wheel 12 drives the ratchet wheel 12 to rotate around the ratchet shaft 132 due to no clamping of the pawl 13, the locking part is released from the notch 131, and unlocking and detaching of the to-be-fixed member are completed.
Further, the locking mechanism body 1 further includes:
the pawl resetting mechanism 11 is used for resetting the pawl 13 to a position when the pawl is clamped with the ratchet wheel 12;
it should be noted that, the pawl resetting mechanism 11 enables the pawl 13 to reset to the fourth locking position when the pawl 12 is clamped with the pawl 12 under the action of the pawl resetting mechanism 11 when the ratchet 12 rotates to the third locking position where the pawl is clamped with the pawl 13, so that the pawl is clamped with the ratchet to complete locking. In the same way, preferably, a ratchet wheel reset mechanism 111 is arranged at the ratchet wheel. Preferably, the pawl returning structure 11 or the ratchet returning mechanism is embodied as a spring, including but not limited to an extension spring and a torsion spring, taking the torsion spring as an example, when the ratchet 12 rotates to the third locking position, the pawl 13 and the torsion spring are pushed to rotate in the second clockwise direction, so that the torsion spring generates a deformation force, when the ratchet rotates to the third locking position where the latch bolt corresponds to the lock hole, because the pawl 13 only receives the deformation force of the torsion spring, the pawl 13 rotates in the direction opposite to the second clockwise direction, the latch bolt is inserted into the lock hole, and the latch of the pawl and the ratchet is realized.
Specifically, the locking mechanism body 1 further includes:
a microswitch 15, wherein in the locked state the ratchet 12 contacts the microswitch 15.
It should be noted that, when the ratchet 12 and the pawl 13 are connected, the corresponding protrusion on the ratchet 12 contacts with the micro switch 15, so that the micro switch 15 is connected, when the locking mechanism body 1 is in the locking state, the micro switch 15 is connected, when the locking mechanism body 1 is in the unlocking state, the micro switch 15 is in the open circuit, and the user can know that the locking is in place by detecting the state of the micro switch 15, thereby avoiding continuously pushing the locking part to impact the ratchet.
Further, the locking mechanism body 1 further includes: a second sensor for detecting the position of the ratchet 12.
It should be noted that, the position of the ratchet wheel of the locking mechanism body 1 can be detected by the second sensor, and whether the locking mechanism body 1 is unlocked is determined, wherein when the ratchet wheel 12 and the pawl 13 are detected to be in the non-clamping state, it is determined that the locking mechanism body 1 is unlocked. Here, the second sensor may be disposed on the ratchet wheel, or a part of the second sensor may be disposed on the ratchet wheel, and another part of the second sensor may be disposed on another structure, so that the control device at the vehicle end or the battery replacement station end detects a state signal of the locking mechanism body 1, based on detection of an unlocking signal or a locking signal of the locking mechanism body 1, to assist in monitoring the installation condition of the quick-change power battery pack, thereby ensuring installation reliability and improving safety. The second sensor can be a Hall sensor and can also be other types of sensors, for example, the second sensor is a Hall sensor, a magnetic steel part of the Hall sensor is arranged on the ratchet wheel, and a part of the Hall sensor, which senses and sends signals, can be arranged on other nearby structures. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the locking mechanism body 1 further includes: a lower cover plate 17;
the ratchet 12 is arranged on the lower cover plate 17 through the ratchet shaft 122, the pawl 13 is arranged on the lower cover plate 17 through the pawl shaft 131, and the ratchet shaft 122 and the pawl shaft 131 are both rotationally connected. The relative positions of the ratchet shaft 122 and the pawl shaft 131 are fixed, and the problem that the ratchet 12 and the pawl 13 cannot be locked due to installation errors when the ratchet shaft 122 and the pawl shaft 131 are installed independently is avoided.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the locking mechanism body 1 further includes: the upper cover plate 16 is formed into a cover body, is buckled on the lower cover plate 17 and is fixedly connected with the lower cover plate 17, so that an accommodating space for accommodating the ratchet wheel 12 and the pawl 13 is formed between the upper cover plate 16 and the lower cover plate 17, the ratchet wheel 12 and the pawl 13 are protected, and the impact of external substances is avoided.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the locking mechanism body 1 further includes: at least one bumper structure 18, wherein the bumper structure 18 is fixedly connected to the pawl shaft 131 and one end of the ratchet shaft 122, may be disposed on at least one of two sides of the ratchet wheel 42 along the ratchet shaft 422.
Furthermore, the locking mechanism body 1 is arranged on one side facing the to-be-fixed piece, and the sheet metal connecting piece 2 is arranged on one side back to the to-be-fixed piece.
In this embodiment, the locking mechanism body 1 includes towards the lateral wall setting of treating the mounting, be convenient for do treat the locking portion of mounting and lock, and do not need other fluting designs, directly will locking mechanism body 1 locking treat the mounting for when guaranteeing locking mechanism assembly 4 with treat the mounting installation, guarantee that locking mechanism assembly 4 has sufficient space with treat mounting fixed connection, and reduce the cost of locking mechanism assembly 4 as far as possible.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, when the to-be-fixed member fixed and locked by using the locking mechanism assembly 4 is the quick-change power battery pack 6, the locking mechanism assembly 4 may be mounted on the vehicle body, or may be mounted on the quick-change bracket 5 shown in fig. 8. When the locking mechanism assembly 4 is connected with the quick-change bracket 5, the quick-change bracket 5 is further connected with the vehicle body, and the locking mechanism assembly 4 is connected to the quick-change bracket 5. Finally, the vehicle body is detachably connected with the quick-change power battery pack 6 through the locking mechanism assembly 4, so that the installation and the disassembly processes of the quick-change power battery pack 6 can be conveniently and quickly realized, and the replacement efficiency of the quick-change power battery pack 6 is effectively improved.
The invention further provides a locking method for a quick-change power battery pack, which is applied to the locking mechanism assembly as described above, wherein a plurality of locking parts are mounted on the quick-change power battery pack, and the method includes:
driving a moving part and a limiting structure of the secondary locking mechanism to pivot from a first locking position to a first unlocking position;
controlling the quick-change power battery and the locking mechanism body to move relatively, so that a locking part on the quick-change power battery pack is correspondingly locked into the locking mechanism body;
and controlling the moving part to return to the first locking position.
In this embodiment, in the locking process, a secondary locking and unlocking signal is sent to an unlocking device, the unlocking device is controlled to separate the secondary locking mechanism 3 from the limiting structure 22, and the quick-change power battery and the locking mechanism body are controlled to move relatively, so that the locking portion on the quick-change power battery pack is correspondingly locked into the locking mechanism body.
Specifically, by controlling the relative movement between the quick-change power battery and the locking mechanism body, the relative movement here can be any one of the following three ways, and the first way is: the quick-change power battery moves towards the locking mechanism body, and the locking mechanism body is in a static state relative to the quick-change power battery; the second way is: the quick-change power battery is in a static state relative to the locking mechanism body, and the locking mechanism body moves towards the quick-change power battery; the third mode is as follows: the quick-change power battery and the locking mechanism body 4 move towards the direction of mutual approaching.
It should be noted that, the first mode is specifically to control the quick-change power battery pack to be lifted, a locking portion on the quick-change power battery pack is inserted into the locking mechanism body by using a lifting force, when a locking completion signal sent by a second sensor of the locking mechanism body is detected, or when a microswitch is detected to be turned off, it is determined that the locking mechanism body is locked with the quick-change power battery pack, and at this time, the relative lifting of the quick-change power battery pack is stopped.
Further, the locking mechanism body install in on the quick change battery package installation device, quick change battery package installation device and electric automobile's automobile body fixed connection, the second kind mode specifically is the lifting electric automobile, the quick change power battery is relative the locking mechanism body is in quiescent condition, and the rethread reduces the height of automobile body, so that locking portion on the quick change power battery package corresponds the lock and goes into the locking mechanism body, when detecting the locking that the second sensor of locking mechanism body sent accomplishes the signal, perhaps, when detecting that the fine motion switch closes, can confirm the locking mechanism body with quick change power battery package locking. The third mode is implemented in combination with the first two modes and is not specifically explained here.
Further, will the motion subassembly resume to with the first locking position that leans on with limit structure, can realize secondary locking mechanism's locking once more. The quick-change power battery pack mounting device is beneficial to improving the mounting stability of the quick-change power battery pack through double locking.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an unlocking method for the quick-change power battery pack, which is characterized in that a plurality of locking parts are arranged on the quick-change power battery pack by applying the locking mechanism assembly, and the method comprises the following steps:
when a quick-change power battery pack disassembly signal is received, the moving part of the secondary locking mechanism is driven to be separated from the limiting structure, the moving part is pivoted to a first unlocking position from the first locking position, the metal plate connecting piece is controlled to move along a first direction, and the locking mechanism body is driven to be unlocked in a linkage mode.
In the unlocking process, the first unlocking position where the secondary locking mechanism 3 is separated from the limiting structure 22 is controlled, and the sheet metal connecting piece 2 is controlled to move along the first direction, so that the locking mechanism body 1 is in an unlocking state; after unlocking is completed, when a primary unlocking completion signal sent by a second sensor on the locking mechanism body 1 is received, or when a micro switch is detected to be closed, the secondary locking mechanism 3 is controlled to be restored to a first locking position where the first end is abutted against the limiting structure 22.
In addition, the invention also provides an electric automobile which comprises the locking mechanism assembly;
the electric automobile is detachably connected with a to-be-fixed piece through the locking mechanism assembly. The part to be fixed can be a quick-change power battery pack or a quick-change bracket.
Compared with the existing locking mechanism assembly, the locking mechanism assembly of the invention has flexible locking and unlocking and larger fault tolerance; the quick-change power battery pack is only mounted and dismounted in a rising or descending movement mode relative to the electric automobile, so that the battery changing time is reduced; the disassembly mode is simple and reliable, the battery pack with any shape and appearance can be conveniently popularized and applied, and the unified interface of the battery changing station is facilitated. And the unlocking and locking modes are simple and reliable.
Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed.
It is further noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically connected, electrically connected or can communicate with each other; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (15)
1. A locking mechanism assembly, comprising:
a plurality of locking mechanism bodies (1);
the locking mechanism comprises a plurality of slidable sheet metal connecting pieces (2), and a plurality of locking mechanism bodies (1) realize linkage unlocking through the sliding of the sheet metal connecting pieces (2);
secondary locking mechanism (3), secondary locking mechanism (3) and sheet metal connecting piece (2) support when leaning on, restrict sheet metal connecting piece (2) are along the first direction motion.
2. The locking mechanism assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking mechanism body (1) comprises: and the unlocking operating rod (11) is used for unlocking the locking mechanism body (1) when the unlocking operating rod (11) moves along a first direction.
3. The locking mechanism assembly of claim 2, wherein the sheet metal connector (2) is provided with a fixing hole groove (21) corresponding to the unlocking operating lever (11) of the locking mechanism body (1), and the unlocking operating lever (11) is suspended in the fixing hole groove (21).
4. The locking mechanism assembly of claim 1, wherein the sheet metal connector (2) comprises:
the limiting structure (22) is located at a secondary locking position abutted against the secondary locking mechanism (3), and the sheet metal connecting piece (2) is limited to move along a first direction;
the sheet metal connecting piece (2) can move in a first direction when the secondary locking mechanism (3) and the limiting structure (22) are pivoted to a secondary unlocking position where the secondary locking mechanism is separated from the limiting structure.
5. The locking mechanism assembly according to claim 4, wherein the secondary locking mechanism (3) comprises:
the movable part (31) can rotate, and the movable part (31) is connected with the sheet metal connecting piece (2) through a connecting shaft;
a return spring (32), wherein the return spring (32) applies force to the moving component (31) towards a secondary locking position where the moving component (31) abuts against the limiting structure (22).
6. The locking mechanism assembly of claim 5, wherein the secondary locking mechanism (3) further comprises: a sensor for a position between the limit structure (22) and the moving part (31);
in the secondary lock position, the sensor outputs an electrical signal.
7. The locking mechanism assembly of claim 1, wherein the sheet metal connector (2) further comprises:
at least one panel beating reset spring (23), panel beating reset spring (23) orientation the reset position of panel beating connecting piece (2) is right panel beating connecting piece (2) application of force.
8. The locking mechanism assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that the locking mechanism body (1) comprises: a ratchet (12) and a pawl (13);
the outer edge of the ratchet wheel (12) is provided with a notch (121) for inserting the locking part of the piece to be fixed;
the pawl (13) sets the relative position of the ratchet wheel (12);
when the ratchet wheel (12) rotates to enable the gap to be in a locking state, the pawl (13) rotates to be clamped with the ratchet wheel (12);
when the pawl (13) rotates to be not clamped with the ratchet wheel (12), the ratchet wheel (12) is in an unlocking state.
9. The locking mechanism assembly of claim 8, wherein the unlocking lever (11) is provided with one end on the pawl (13) and the other end suspended in the fixing hole groove (21);
promote sheet metal connected component (2) are followed when first direction slides, sheet metal connected component (2) promote unblock control lever (11) remove, drive pawl (13) rotate to with the state of ratchet (12) separation.
10. The locking mechanism assembly of claim 8, wherein the locking mechanism body (1) further comprises:
a pawl resetting mechanism (14), wherein the pawl resetting mechanism (14) is used for resetting the pawl (13) to a position when the pawl is clamped with the ratchet wheel (12);
a microswitch (15), wherein in the locked state the ratchet (12) contacts the microswitch (15).
11. The locking mechanism assembly of claim 10, wherein the locking mechanism body (1) further comprises: a second sensor for detecting the position of the ratchet (12).
12. The locking mechanism assembly according to claim 1, wherein the locking mechanism body (1) is disposed facing a side of a member to be fixed, and the sheet metal connector (2) is disposed facing away from the side of the member to be fixed.
13. An electric vehicle, comprising: the locking mechanism assembly of any one of claims 1 to 12.
14. A locking method for a quick-change power battery pack, wherein the locking mechanism assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12 is applied, and a plurality of locking parts are mounted on the quick-change power battery pack, the method comprising:
the moving part (31) and the limiting structure (22) of the secondary locking mechanism are driven to pivot from a first locking position to a first unlocking position;
controlling the quick-change power battery and the locking mechanism body to move relatively, so that a locking part on the quick-change power battery pack is correspondingly locked into the locking mechanism body;
controlling the moving part (31) to return to the first locking position.
15. A method for unlocking a quick-change power battery pack, wherein the locking mechanism assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12 is applied, and a plurality of locking parts are mounted on the quick-change power battery pack, and the method comprises the following steps:
the secondary locking mechanism is driven, a moving part (31) of the secondary locking mechanism is separated from a limiting structure (22), and the secondary locking mechanism is controlled to move along a first direction by a first locking position pivot to a first unlocking position to drive the locking mechanism body (1) to be unlocked in a linkage mode.
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| CN202010536112.4A CN111703334B (en) | 2020-06-12 | 2020-06-12 | Locking mechanism assembly, locking method, unlocking method and electric automobile |
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| CN202010536112.4A CN111703334B (en) | 2020-06-12 | 2020-06-12 | Locking mechanism assembly, locking method, unlocking method and electric automobile |
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| CN111703334A true CN111703334A (en) | 2020-09-25 |
| CN111703334B CN111703334B (en) | 2021-12-17 |
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| CN115503457B (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-10-20 | 江苏众如金属科技有限公司 | Heavy-duty truck battery box locking device assembly |
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