CN115502199A - Ectopic curing stabilization repair process for removing heavy metals in soil - Google Patents
Ectopic curing stabilization repair process for removing heavy metals in soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN115502199A CN115502199A CN202211196216.0A CN202211196216A CN115502199A CN 115502199 A CN115502199 A CN 115502199A CN 202211196216 A CN202211196216 A CN 202211196216A CN 115502199 A CN115502199 A CN 115502199A
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- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ex-situ solidification stabilization repair process for removing heavy metals in soil, which relates to the technical field of soil heavy metal repair and comprises the following steps: s1, crushing soil to be repaired; s2, preparing a soil remediation agent; s2-1, preparing the modified attapulgite; s2-2, mixing; s3, laying a soil remediation field; and S4, deeply repairing the soil. The ectopic solidification stabilization restoration process for removing the heavy metals in the soil provided by the invention has the advantages that the soil restoration agent is modified and prepared, the arrangement of the soil restoration site is optimized, and the deep restoration method is used for completing the ectopic solidification stabilization restoration of the heavy metals in the soil together, the content of the effective heavy metals As, cd and Pb in the soil is changed greatly, the stabilization effect is good, the treated soil can reach the leaching toxicity standard, and the ectopic solidification stabilization restoration process can be used for engineering purposes such As parking lots, roads and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil heavy metal remediation, in particular to an ex-situ solidification stabilization remediation process for removing heavy metals in soil.
Background
The soil inorganic pollutants are relatively prominent in heavy metals, and the heavy metals are easy to accumulate and are converted into methyl compounds with higher toxicity because the heavy metals cannot be decomposed by soil microorganisms, and even some of the heavy metals are accumulated in a human body at harmful concentration through a food chain and seriously harm the health of the human body. The heavy metal pollutants in soil mainly include mercury, cadmium, lead, copper, chromium, arsenic, nickel, iron, manganese, zinc, etc., although arsenic is not a heavy metal, it is usually discussed as being classified as a heavy metal because its behavior, source and harm are similar to those of heavy metals.
The pollution of heavy metals in soil mainly comes from three wastes discharged by chemical industry, metallurgy, coking, thermal power generation, electronics and other industries. Wherein arsenic is present in the soil environment primarily as positive trivalent and pentavalent. The existing forms of the arsenic can be water-soluble arsenic, adsorption-state arsenic and insoluble arsenic. The three can be mutually converted under certain conditions. When the sulfur content in the soil is high, stable insoluble As can be formed under reducing conditions 2 S 3 . Arsenic is generally considered not an essential element for plants, animals and humans. However, plants have strong absorption and accumulation effects on arsenic, and the absorption effect is related to the content of arsenic in soil, plant varieties and the like. Arsenic is distributed in plants mainly at the roots. In the flooded soil, the soluble arsenic content in the soil is higher than in dry land soil, so crops growing in the flooded soil also have a higher arsenic content.
The main approaches for treating the heavy metal pollution of soil are two types: firstly, the existing form of heavy metal in soil is changed, so that the heavy metal is fixed, and the mobility and the bioavailability of the heavy metal in the environment are reduced; and secondly, removing heavy metals from the soil. Around these two approaches, respective physical, chemical and biological remediation methods have been proposed. However, at present, no good technological measures are provided for ex-situ solidification and stabilization remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil, particularly arsenic, cadmium and mercury contaminated soil.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the existing problems, the invention provides an ectopic curing and stabilizing repair process for removing heavy metals in soil.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an ectopic solidification stabilization repair process for removing heavy metals in soil comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing soil to be repaired: collecting soil to be treated, and crushing and screening the collected soil to be treated until the particle size is 200 +/-15 mm to obtain soil particles to be repaired;
s2, preparing a soil remediation agent:
s2-1, preparing the modified attapulgite: modifying the attapulgite by using fulvic acid to obtain modified attapulgite;
s2-2, mixing: mixing the modified attapulgite prepared in the step S2-1 and the artificial zeolite in a ratio of 2:1 to obtain a soil remediation agent;
s3, laying a soil remediation field: pouring the soil particles to be repaired obtained in the step S1 into a soil repair field, adding a soil repair agent accounting for 4-8% of the volume of the total soil particles to be repaired into the soil repair field, adding water accounting for 60% of the maximum water holding capacity of the total soil particles to be repaired into the soil repair field, stirring the soil particles to be repaired, the soil repair agent and the water together to obtain a soil mixture, gathering the soil mixture to enable the soil mixture to be in a plurality of rows of ladder-shaped soil piles arranged at equal intervals, filling fillers used for improving air permeability into gaps between the two ladder-shaped soil piles, arranging a plurality of discharge assemblies used for discharging the soil repair agent and the water in each ladder-shaped soil pile at equal intervals, covering a plastic film on the soil repair field, standing for 10-14 days, and discharging and supplementing the required soil repair agent and water at constant speed through the discharge assemblies within the standing time;
s4, soil deep remediation: and taking down the plastic film, turning and mixing the soil mixture and the filler together to obtain a soil secondary mixture, covering the soil secondary mixture with the plastic film, and standing for 10-14 days to finish the heterotopic solidification stabilization restoration of the heavy metal in the soil to be treated.
Further, the preparation method of the modified attapulgite in the step S2-1 comprises the following steps: dissolving attapulgite in deionized water, stirring at a high speed for 5-10 min, adding fulvic acid concentrated solution with the mass concentration of more than or equal to 95%, continuously stirring for 15min to obtain suspended mixed solution, and transferring the suspended mixed solution into a filter flask for suction filtration to obtain a filter cake; and then washing the filter cake for 3-4 times by using deionized water, and drying the filter cake at 70-80 ℃ to obtain the modified attapulgite, wherein the weight ratio of the attapulgite, the deionized water to the fulvic acid concentrated solution is 8:10:1. the stable solidification effect on heavy metals in soil can be further improved by using the modified attapulgite.
Furthermore, the rotating speed of the high-speed stirring is 500-600 r/min. The attapulgite is dissolved more fully by adjusting the rotating speed.
Further, the filler in the step S3 is reed or straw. The loose permeability of the soil can be improved by selecting the reeds or the straws, so that the soil remediation agent and the water are discharged by matching with the discharge assembly to improve the solidification effect on heavy metals.
Further, in the step S3, the soil remediation agent discharged by the discharge assemblies accounts for 1-1.5% of the volume of the total soil particles to be remedied, the water discharged by the discharge assemblies accounts for 6-10% of the maximum water holding capacity of the total soil particles to be remedied, and the interval between the two discharge assemblies is 5-8 m. The soil is deeply remediated by adjusting the amount of soil remediation agent and water discharged by the discharge assembly.
Further, in the step S3, the height of the ladder body soil piles is 0.5-0.8 m, the width of the top surfaces of the ladder body soil piles is 0.3-0.6 m, the width of the bottom surfaces of the ladder body soil piles is 0.8-1.4 m, and the distance between the bottom surfaces of the two ladder body soil piles is 0.4-0.7 m. The size of the ladder body soil pile is adjusted, so that a good distance is kept between soil and fillers, and an optimal repairing effect is achieved.
Further, the discharge assembly comprises hydraulic barrels, 6 liquid outlet barrels positioned around the hydraulic barrels, and a medicament box positioned above each liquid outlet barrel;
the hydraulic barrel is internally provided with a first hydraulic pressure plate which rotates with the inner wall of the hydraulic barrel and is connected with the inner wall of the hydraulic barrel in a sealing way, the middle part of the top surface of the first hydraulic pressure plate is provided with a threaded rod, the threaded rod penetrates through the top surface of the hydraulic barrel and a fixed disc arranged on the top surface of the hydraulic barrel, the center of the fixed disc is provided with a threaded fixing ring which is in threaded connection with the threaded rod, the lower part of the threaded rod is in threaded connection with a threaded rotating ring, the outer side wall of the threaded rotating ring is provided with teeth, one side of the threaded rotating ring is provided with a driving gear which is connected with the threaded fixing ring through tooth meshing, the center of the lower bottom surface of the driving gear is connected with the output end of a driving motor positioned on one side of the upper surface of the fixed disc, the outer side wall of the driving gear is provided with teeth, one side of the outer part of the driving gear is provided with a rotary disc through tooth meshing connection, the rotary disc is superposed with the circle center of a threaded rod, the outer side wall of the rotary disc is provided with teeth, 6 driven gears are arranged on the outer part of the rotary disc in a circumferential equidistant manner through tooth meshing connection, the driven gears correspond to the upper parts of the medicament boxes one by one, the lower bottom surfaces of the driven gears are provided with connecting rods, the connecting rods penetrate through the medicament boxes and are in rotating and sealing connection with the upper top surfaces of the medicament boxes, the connecting rods are connected with medicament discharge baffles positioned at the inner bottoms of the medicament boxes, and the bottom surfaces of the medicament boxes positioned at the bottoms of the medicament discharge baffles are provided with a plurality of medicament discharge holes;
a second hydraulic pressure plate which is connected with the inner wall of the liquid outlet barrel in a sliding and sealing manner is arranged in the liquid outlet barrel, the second hydraulic pressure plate is connected with the top part in the liquid outlet barrel through a telescopic rod arranged at the center of the upper top surface of the second hydraulic pressure plate, the bottom of each liquid outlet barrel is provided with a connecting pipe which is communicated with the bottom of the hydraulic barrel, the outer side of the top part of the liquid outlet barrel is provided with a liquid outlet pipe, one side of the liquid outlet pipe is communicated with the liquid outlet barrel through a check valve, and the top of the liquid outlet pipe is communicated with the medicine outlet hole;
the fixed disc limits the threaded rotating ring and the rotary disc through a limiting assembly.
Furthermore, 6 the drain pipe end all is equipped with a hose, and wherein, two liang of 4 hoses that bilateral symmetry set up extend to respectively with discharge assembly two adjacent fillers in, and the hose that 2 symmetries set up around remaining extends to respectively to be located inside the same ladder soil heap of discharge assembly both sides. The discharged soil remediation agent and water are made more uniform by optimizing the position of the hose.
Furthermore, go out the medicine baffle and be equipped with out the medicine fluting for circular setting and on it, it is provided with 6 groups around the equidistant 6 of centre of a circle position circumference that go out the medicine baffle to go out the medicine hole, every a set of 3 ~ 6 play medicine holes that all are equipped with, spacing subassembly is including being located the first stopper of fixed disk both sides, first stopper middle part is through first spacing groove and fixed disk fixed connection, and one of them first stopper is through first dead lever and the second stopper fixed connection that is located the screw thread rotating ring outside, second spacing groove and screw thread rotating ring sliding connection that second stopper middle part was equipped with, another first stopper pass through the second dead lever and the third stopper fixed connection that is located the carousel outside, third spacing groove and carousel sliding connection that third stopper middle part was equipped with. The arrangement of the limiting component can ensure stable operation of the discharging component.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
(1) The ectopic solidification stabilization restoration process for removing the heavy metals in the soil provided by the invention has the advantages that the soil restoration agent is modified and prepared, the arrangement of the soil restoration site is optimized, and the deep restoration method is used for completing the ectopic solidification stabilization restoration of the heavy metals in the soil together, the content of the effective heavy metals As, cd and Pb in the soil is changed greatly, the stabilization effect is good, the treated soil can reach the leaching toxicity standard, and the ectopic solidification stabilization restoration process can be used for engineering purposes such As parking lots, roads and the like.
(2) The ectopic solidification stabilization restoration process for removing the heavy metals in the soil can supplement the soil restoration agent and water to the soil to be restored through the arranged discharge assembly, the supplement speed is adjustable along with the standing time, the purpose of supplementing the soil restoration agent and water at a constant speed in the standing time is realized, the discharge assembly can synchronously mix the soil restoration agent and the water and then discharge the mixed soil restoration agent and water through the optimized design of the device structure, the use is convenient, the supplement of the agent and the supplement of the water can be realized through a group of driving motors, the structure is reasonably arranged, the manufacturing cost is saved, the use purpose is achieved, the ectopic solidification stabilization restoration process is mutually matched with the restoration methods of the steps S3 and S4, and the stable solidification effect on the heavy metals in the soil is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the ex-situ solidification stabilization remediation process for removing heavy metals in soil according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall construction of the discharge assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of the drain assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the discharge assembly top turntable and drive motor configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the hydraulic barrel and the liquid outlet barrel of the drainage assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the vent assembly spacing assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the interior of the outlet pipe of the discharge assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the discharge assembly discharge baffle of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the discharge assembly outlet structure of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the ladder soil heap and fill and drain assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a plan view of the ladder soil heap and fill and drain assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 12 shows the As, cd, and Hg stabilizations of examples 1, 4, and 5 of the present invention after adding a soil conditioner to the soil and performing heterotopic solidification stabilization.
The medicine discharging device comprises a hydraulic barrel 1, a first hydraulic plate 11, a liquid discharging barrel 2, a second hydraulic plate 21, a telescopic rod 22, a connecting pipe 23, a liquid discharging pipe 24, a check valve 25, a hose 26, a medicine box 3, a medicine discharging baffle 31, a medicine discharging hole 32, a medicine discharging groove 33, a threaded rod 4, a threaded rotating ring 41, a fixed disk 5, a threaded fixed ring 51, a driving motor 6, a driving gear 61, a rotating disk 7, a driven gear 71, a connecting rod 72, a limiting assembly 8, a first limiting block 81, a second limiting block 82, a third limiting block 83, a first limiting groove 84, a second limiting groove 85, a third limiting groove 86, a first fixing rod 87, a second fixing rod 88 and a discharging assembly 9.
Detailed Description
Example 1
An ex-situ solidification stabilization repair process for removing heavy metals in soil, as shown in fig. 1, comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing soil to be repaired: collecting soil to be treated, crushing and screening the collected soil to be treated until the particle size is 200mm, and obtaining soil particles to be repaired;
s2, preparing a soil remediation agent:
s2-1, preparing the modified attapulgite: modifying the attapulgite by using fulvic acid to obtain modified attapulgite;
the preparation method of the modified attapulgite comprises the following steps: dissolving attapulgite in deionized water, stirring at high speed for 7min at the rotation speed of 550r/min, adding 97% fulvic acid concentrate, stirring for 15min to obtain a suspension mixed solution, and transferring the suspension mixed solution to a filter flask for suction filtration to obtain a filter cake; and then washing the filter cake for 3 times by using deionized water, and drying the filter cake at 75 ℃ to obtain the modified attapulgite, wherein the weight ratio of the attapulgite to the deionized water to the fulvic acid concentrated solution is 8:10:1;
s2-2, mixing: mixing the modified attapulgite prepared in the step S2-1 and the artificial zeolite in a ratio of 2:1 to obtain a soil remediation agent;
s3, laying a soil remediation field: pouring the soil particles to be repaired obtained in the step S1 into a soil repair field, adding a soil repair agent accounting for 6% of the volume of the total soil particles to be repaired into the soil repair field, adding water accounting for 60% of the maximum water holding capacity of the total soil particles to be repaired into the soil repair field, stirring the soil particles to be repaired, the soil repair agent and the water together to obtain a soil mixture, gathering the soil mixture to enable the soil mixture to be in a plurality of rows of ladder-shaped soil piles arranged at equal intervals, filling filler for improving air permeability into a gap between the two ladder-shaped soil piles, wherein the filler is reed or straw, arranging a plurality of discharge assemblies 9 for discharging the soil repair agent and the water at equal intervals inside each ladder-shaped soil pile, covering a plastic film on the soil repair field, standing for 12 days, and discharging and supplementing the required soil repair agent and water at constant speed through the discharge assemblies 9 within the standing time;
the soil remediation agent discharged by the discharge assemblies 9 accounts for 1.2% of the volume of the total soil particles to be remedied, the water discharged by the discharge assemblies 9 accounts for 8% of the maximum water holding capacity of the total soil particles to be remedied, the interval between the two discharge assemblies 9 is 6m, the height of the ladder body soil pile is 0.6m, the width of the top surface of the ladder body soil pile is 0.4m, the width of the bottom surface of the ladder body soil pile is 1m, and the distance between the bottom surfaces of the two ladder body soil piles is 0.5m;
s4, soil deep remediation: and taking off the plastic film, turning and mixing the soil mixture and the filler together to obtain a secondary soil mixture, covering the secondary soil mixture with the plastic film, and standing for 12 days to finish the heterotopic solidification and stabilization remediation of the heavy metals in the soil to be treated.
The drain assembly 9 in this embodiment is a commercially available simple drain bucket that requires manual manipulation to accomplish.
Example 2
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the preparation parameters in steps S1 and S2 are different.
S1, crushing soil to be repaired: collecting soil to be treated, crushing and screening the collected soil to be treated until the particle size is 185mm, and obtaining soil particles to be repaired;
s2, preparing a soil remediation agent:
s2-1, preparing the modified attapulgite: modifying the attapulgite by using fulvic acid to obtain modified attapulgite;
the preparation method of the modified attapulgite comprises the following steps: dissolving attapulgite in deionized water, stirring at high speed for 5min at the rotation speed of 500r/min, adding 95% fulvic acid concentrate, stirring for 15min to obtain suspension, and transferring the suspension to a filter flask for suction filtration to obtain a filter cake; and then washing the filter cake for 4 times by using deionized water, and drying the filter cake at 70 ℃ to obtain the modified attapulgite, wherein the weight ratio of the attapulgite to the deionized water to the fulvic acid concentrated solution is 8:10:1;
s2-2, mixing: mixing the modified attapulgite prepared in the step S2-1 with artificial zeolite in a ratio of 2:1 to obtain the soil remediation agent.
Example 3
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the preparation parameters in steps S1 and S2 are different.
S1, crushing soil to be repaired: collecting soil to be treated, and crushing and screening the collected soil to be treated until the particle size is 215mm to obtain soil particles to be repaired;
s2, preparing a soil remediation agent:
s2-1, preparing the modified attapulgite: modifying the attapulgite by using fulvic acid to obtain modified attapulgite;
the preparation method of the modified attapulgite comprises the following steps: dissolving attapulgite in deionized water, stirring at high speed for 10min at the rotation speed of 600r/min, adding 99% fulvic acid concentrated solution, stirring for 15min to obtain suspension mixed solution, and transferring the suspension mixed solution to a filter flask for suction filtration to obtain a filter cake; and then washing the filter cake for 4 times by using deionized water, and drying the filter cake at 80 ℃ to obtain the modified attapulgite, wherein the weight ratio of the attapulgite to the deionized water to the fulvic acid concentrated solution is 8:10:1;
s2-2, mixing: mixing the modified attapulgite prepared in the step S2-1 with artificial zeolite in a ratio of 2:1 to obtain the soil remediation agent.
Example 4
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the preparation parameters in steps S3 and S4 are different.
S3, laying a soil remediation field: pouring the soil particles to be repaired obtained in the step S1 into a soil repair field, adding a soil repair agent accounting for 4% of the volume of the total soil particles to be repaired into the soil repair field, adding water accounting for 60% of the maximum water holding capacity of the total soil particles to be repaired into the soil repair field, stirring the soil particles to be repaired, the soil repair agent and the water together to obtain a soil mixture, gathering the soil mixture to enable the soil mixture to be in a plurality of rows of ladder-shaped soil piles arranged at equal intervals, filling fillers used for improving air permeability into gaps between the two ladder-shaped soil piles, wherein the fillers are reeds or straws, arranging a plurality of discharge assemblies 9 used for discharging the soil repair agent and the water at equal intervals inside each ladder-shaped soil pile, covering a plastic film on the soil repair field, standing for 10 days, and discharging and supplementing the required soil repair agent and water at constant speed through the discharge assemblies 9 within the standing time;
the soil remediation agent discharged by the discharge assemblies 9 accounts for 1% of the total volume of soil particles to be remediated, the water discharged by the discharge assemblies 9 accounts for 6% of the maximum water holding capacity of the total soil particles to be remediated, the interval between the two discharge assemblies 9 is 5m, the height of the ladder soil pile is 0.5m, the width of the top surface of the ladder soil pile is 0.3m, the width of the bottom surface of the ladder soil pile is 0.8m, and the distance between the bottom surfaces of the two ladder soil piles is 0.4m;
s4, soil deep remediation: and taking off the plastic film, turning and mixing the soil mixture and the filler together to obtain a secondary soil mixture, covering the secondary soil mixture with the plastic film, and standing for 10 days to finish the heterotopic solidification and stabilization remediation of the heavy metals in the soil to be treated.
Example 5
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the preparation parameters in steps S3 and S4 are different.
S3, laying a soil remediation field: pouring the soil particles to be repaired obtained in the step S1 into a soil repair field, adding a soil repair agent accounting for 8% of the volume of the total soil particles to be repaired into the soil repair field, adding water accounting for 60% of the maximum water holding capacity of the total soil particles to be repaired into the soil repair field, stirring the soil particles to be repaired, the soil repair agent and the water together to obtain a soil mixture, gathering the soil mixture to enable the soil mixture to be in a plurality of rows of ladder-shaped soil piles arranged at equal intervals, filling fillers used for improving air permeability into gaps between the two ladder-shaped soil piles, wherein the fillers are reeds or straws, arranging a plurality of discharge assemblies 9 used for discharging the soil repair agent and the water at equal intervals inside each ladder-shaped soil pile, covering a plastic film on the soil repair field, standing for 14 days, and discharging and supplementing the required soil repair agent and water at constant speed through the discharge assemblies 9 within the standing time;
the soil remediation agent discharged by the discharge assemblies 9 accounts for 1.5% of the total volume of soil particles to be remediated, the water discharged by the discharge assemblies 9 accounts for 10% of the maximum water holding capacity of the total soil particles to be remediated, the interval between the two discharge assemblies 9 is 8m, the height of the ladder body soil pile is 0.8m, the width of the top surface of the ladder body soil pile is 0.6m, the width of the bottom surface of the ladder body soil pile is 1.4m, and the distance between the bottom surfaces of the two ladder body soil piles is 0.7m;
s4, soil deep remediation: and taking off the plastic film, turning and mixing the soil mixture and the filler together to obtain a secondary soil mixture, covering the secondary soil mixture with the plastic film, and standing for 14 days to finish the heterotopic solidification and stabilization remediation of the heavy metals in the soil to be treated.
Example 6
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the present embodiment further defines the discharge assembly 9 in embodiment 1, and the discharge assembly 9 includes a hydraulic barrel 1, 6 liquid outlet barrels 2 around the hydraulic barrel, and a medicine cartridge 3 above each liquid outlet barrel 2;
as shown in fig. 4, 5, 7-9, a first hydraulic plate 11 is provided in the hydraulic barrel 1, which is connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic barrel in a rotating and sealing manner, a threaded rod 4 is provided in the middle of the top surface of the first hydraulic plate 11, the threaded rod 4 penetrates the top surface of the hydraulic barrel 1 and a fixing plate 5 provided on the top surface of the hydraulic barrel 1, a threaded fixing ring 51 connected to the threaded rod 4 is provided in the center of the fixing plate 5, a threaded rotating ring 41 is provided in the lower portion of the threaded rod 4 in a threaded connection manner, teeth are provided on the outer side wall of the threaded rotating ring 41, a driving gear 61 is provided on one side of the threaded rotating ring 41 in a meshing connection manner by the teeth, the center of the lower bottom surface of the driving gear 61 is connected to the output end of a driving motor 6 provided on one side of the upper surface of the fixing plate 5, the driving motor 6 is a commercially available servo motor, teeth are provided on the outer side wall of the driving gear 61, a rotary table 7 is arranged on one side of the outer portion of the driving gear 61 in a tooth meshing connection mode, the rotary table 7 is overlapped with the circle center of the threaded rod 4, teeth are arranged on the outer side wall of the rotary table 7, 6 driven gears 71 are arranged on the outer portion of the rotary table 7 in a circumferential equidistant connection mode in a tooth meshing connection mode, the driven gears 71 correspond to the upper portions of the medicine boxes 3 one by one, a connecting rod 72 is arranged on the lower bottom face of each driven gear 71, the connecting rod 72 penetrates through the medicine boxes 3, the connecting rod 72 is in rotating and sealing connection with the upper top faces of the medicine boxes 3, the connecting rod 72 is connected with medicine outlet baffles 31 located at the inner bottom of the medicine boxes 3, a plurality of medicine outlet holes 32 are formed in the bottom faces of the medicine boxes 3 located at the bottoms of the medicine outlet baffles 31, medicine outlet grooves 33 are formed in the medicine outlet baffles 31, 6 groups of the medicine outlet holes 32 are arranged at positions around the circle center of the medicine outlet baffles 31 in a circumferential equidistant mode, and each group is provided with 3 medicine outlet holes 32;
as shown in fig. 5, 7, 10 and 11, a second hydraulic pressure plate 21 which is connected with the inner wall of the liquid outlet barrel 2 in a sliding and sealing manner is arranged in the liquid outlet barrel 2, the second hydraulic pressure plate 21 is connected with the top of the liquid outlet barrel 2 through a telescopic rod 22 arranged at the center of the top surface of the second hydraulic pressure plate 21, the bottom of each liquid outlet barrel 2 is provided with a connecting pipe 23 communicated with the bottom of the hydraulic barrel 1, the outer side of the top of the liquid outlet barrel 2 is provided with a liquid outlet pipe 24, one side of the liquid outlet pipe 24 is communicated with the liquid outlet barrel 2 through a check valve 25, the top of the liquid outlet pipe 24 is communicated with a medicine outlet 32, and the tail ends of the 6 liquid outlet pipes 24 are provided with a hose 26, wherein 4 hoses 26 symmetrically arranged at two sides respectively extend into two fillers adjacent to the discharging assembly 9, and the remaining front and rear 2 symmetrically arranged hoses 26 respectively extend into the same soil pile of the ladder body at two sides of the discharging assembly 9;
as shown in fig. 4 and 6, the fixed disk 5 limits the threaded rotating ring 41 and the rotary disk 7 through the limiting component 8, the limiting component 8 includes first limiting blocks 81 located at two sides of the fixed disk 5, the middle portion of each first limiting block 81 is fixedly connected with the fixed disk 5 through a first limiting groove 84, one of the first limiting blocks 81 is fixedly connected with a second limiting block 82 located at the outer side of the threaded rotating ring 41 through a first fixing rod 87, a second limiting groove 85 and a threaded rotating ring 41 are slidably connected with each other at the middle portion of the second limiting block 82, the other first limiting block 81 is fixedly connected with a third limiting block 83 located at the outer side of the rotary disk 7 through a second fixing rod 88, and a third limiting groove 86 and a rotary disk 7 are slidably connected with each other at the middle portion of the third limiting block 83.
Example 7
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 6 in that: the medicine outlet holes 32 are arranged in different numbers.
The medicine outlet holes 32 are arranged in 6 groups at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the circle center of the medicine outlet baffle 31, and each group is provided with 4 medicine outlet holes 32.
Example 8
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 6 in that: the medicine outlet holes 32 are arranged in different numbers.
The medicine outlet holes 32 are circumferentially arranged in 6 groups at equal intervals around the circle center of the medicine outlet baffle 31, and each group is provided with 6 medicine outlet holes 32.
The working principle is as follows: the operation of the discharge assembly 9 of the present invention will be briefly described with reference to the method of steps S1 to S4 of the present invention.
In step S3, firstly, a program of the driving motor 6 needs to be set, so that the driving motor 6 completes uniform slow rotation within the total standing days, the moving distance of the first hydraulic plate 11 extends from the top of the hydraulic barrel 1 to the bottom of the hydraulic barrel 1, hydraulic oil or water is filled below the first hydraulic plate 11 in the hydraulic barrel 1, a liquid filling inlet is formed in the side wall of the hydraulic barrel 1, the liquid filling inlet is sealed after liquid filling, meanwhile, the second hydraulic plates 21 are located at the bottom of the liquid outlet barrel 2, similarly, the bottom of each second hydraulic plate 21 is filled with hydraulic oil, and water needed to be supplemented to soil is filled above the second hydraulic plates 21;
after the stand is started, the driving motor 6 is started to drive the driving gear 61 to slowly rotate, so that the rotary disc 7 and the thread rotating ring 41 are driven to rotate;
when the thread rotating ring 41 rotates, the threaded rod 4 is driven to move downwards, so that the first hydraulic pressure plate 11 is pushed to rotate and move downwards in the hydraulic barrel 1 to extrude hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil penetrates through the connecting pipe 23 to extrude the second hydraulic pressure plate 21 in each liquid outlet barrel 2 to move upwards, and therefore the water required to supplement soil above the second hydraulic pressure plate 21 is pressed out;
when carousel 7 rotates, it rotates to drive each driven gear 71, thereby make connecting rod 72 rotate, and then drive out medicine baffle 31 and rotate, go out medicine fluting 33 when medicine baffle 31 rotates to corresponding out medicine hole 32 position department, make the inside soil restoration medicament of medicine box 3 enter into inside drain pipe 24 by going out medicine hole 32, and make soil restoration medicament and water mix, the setting of check valve 25 avoids soil restoration medicament to flow back to out inside liquid bucket 2 simultaneously, accomplish the common emission to soil restoration medicament and water after the mixture through drain pipe 24 and hose 26 at last.
Examples of the experiments
Taking the method parameters in the embodiments 1, 4, 5 and 6 As examples to perform field soil remediation simulation, counting the stabilization rate of heavy metals in the soil after remediation in each embodiment, specifically, analyzing the stabilization rates of As, cd and Hg in the soil, firstly comparing the embodiments 1, 4 and 5, and As can be seen from fig. 12, when the soil contaminated by the heavy metals of As, cd and Hg is subjected to ectopic solidification stabilization remediation by adding a soil remediation agent, and when the addition amount of the soil remediation agent is 6%, the stabilization rates respectively reach 42.90%, 50.68% and 99.97%; when the addition amount of the soil remediation agent is 8%, the stabilization rates respectively reach 48.43%, 51.53% and 99.98%, which indicates that after the soil remediation agent remediation material stabilizes soil, heavy metals in the soil can keep high stability, and the stabilization rate cannot be reduced along with the increase of time. The soil remediation agent is preferably added in an amount according to example 1, taking cost into consideration.
Further, the results of comparing the leaching concentrations of heavy metals in the soil after remediation in example 1 and example 6 are shown in table 1.
Table 1 leach concentrations in examples 1 and 6
| Examples | As concentration μ g/L | Cd concentration μ g/L | Hg concentration μ g/L |
| Initiation of | 11.48 | 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Example 1 | 6.56 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Example 6 | 6.38 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, after the discharge assembly 9 provided by the invention is used, a large amount of labor cost can be saved, the effect of reducing the leaching concentration of heavy metal pollutants in soil is more remarkable, and the leaching concentration is lower than the corresponding index of the III-class standard of underground water.
Claims (9)
1. An ectopic curing stabilization repair process for removing heavy metals in soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, crushing soil to be repaired: collecting soil to be treated, crushing and screening the collected soil to be treated until the particle size is 200 +/-15 mm, and obtaining soil particles to be repaired;
s2, preparing a soil remediation agent:
s2-1, preparing the modified attapulgite: modifying the attapulgite by using fulvic acid to obtain modified attapulgite;
s2-2, mixing: mixing the modified attapulgite prepared in the step S2-1 and the artificial zeolite in a ratio of 2:1 to obtain a soil remediation agent;
s3, laying a soil remediation field: pouring the soil particles to be repaired obtained in the step S1 into a soil repairing field, adding a soil repairing agent which is 4-8% of the volume of the total soil particles to be repaired into the soil repairing field, adding water which is 60% of the maximum water holding capacity of the total soil particles to be repaired into the soil repairing field, stirring the soil particles to be repaired, the soil repairing agent and the water together to obtain a soil mixture, gathering the soil mixture to form a plurality of rows of ladder-shaped soil piles which are arranged at equal intervals, filling fillers for improving air permeability into gaps between the two ladder-shaped soil piles, arranging a plurality of discharging assemblies (9) for discharging the soil repairing agent and the water at equal intervals inside each ladder-shaped soil pile, covering a plastic film on the soil repairing field, standing for 10-14 days, and discharging and uniformly supplementing the required soil repairing agent and water through the discharging assemblies (9) within the standing time;
s4, soil deep remediation: and taking off the plastic film, turning and mixing the soil mixture and the filler together to obtain a secondary soil mixture, covering the secondary soil mixture with the plastic film, and standing for 10-14 days to finish the heterotopic solidification and stabilization remediation of the heavy metals in the soil to be treated.
2. The ex-situ solidification stabilization restoration process for removing heavy metals in soil according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the modified attapulgite in the step S2-1 comprises the following steps: dissolving attapulgite in deionized water, stirring at a high speed for 5-10 min, adding fulvic acid concentrated solution with the mass concentration of more than or equal to 95%, continuously stirring for 15min to obtain suspended mixed solution, and transferring the suspended mixed solution into a filter flask for suction filtration to obtain a filter cake; and then washing the filter cake for 3-4 times by using deionized water, and drying the filter cake at 70-80 ℃ to obtain the modified attapulgite, wherein the weight ratio of the attapulgite, the deionized water to the fulvic acid concentrated solution is 8:10:1.
3. an ex-situ solidification stabilization restoration process for removing heavy metals in soil according to claim 2, wherein the rotation speed of the high-speed stirring is 500-600 r/min.
4. The ex-situ solidification and stabilization repair process for removing heavy metals in soil according to claim 1, wherein the filler in step S3 is reed or straw.
5. The ex-situ solidification and stabilization repair process for removing heavy metals in soil according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the soil repair agent discharged by the discharge assembly (9) accounts for 1-1.5% of the volume of the total soil particles to be repaired, the water discharged by the discharge assembly (9) accounts for 6-10% of the maximum water holding capacity of the total soil particles to be repaired, and the interval between the two discharge assemblies (9) is 5-8 m.
6. An ex-situ solidification stabilization restoration process for removing heavy metals in soil according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the height of the ladder soil pile is 0.5-0.8 m, the width of the top surface of the ladder soil pile is 0.3-0.6 m, the width of the bottom surface of the ladder soil pile is 0.8-1.4 m, and the distance between the two ladder soil piles is 0.4-0.7 m.
7. An ex-situ solidification stabilization remediation process for heavy metals in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that the drainage assembly (9) comprises hydraulic barrels (1), 6 liquid outlet barrels (2) around the hydraulic barrels, and a reagent cartridge (3) above each liquid outlet barrel (2);
the hydraulic barrel is characterized in that a first hydraulic plate (11) which is connected with the inner wall of the hydraulic barrel in a rotating and sealing mode is arranged in the hydraulic barrel (1), a threaded rod (4) is arranged in the middle of the top surface of the first hydraulic plate (11), the threaded rod (4) penetrates through the top surface of the hydraulic barrel (1) and a fixed disc (5) arranged on the top surface of the hydraulic barrel (1), a thread fixing ring (51) in threaded connection with the threaded rod (4) is arranged in the center of the fixed disc (5), a thread rotating ring (41) is arranged on the lower portion of the threaded rod (4) in threaded connection, teeth are arranged on the outer side wall of the thread rotating ring (41), a driving gear (61) is arranged on one side of the thread rotating ring (41) in a tooth meshing connection mode, the lower bottom surface center of the driving gear (61) is connected with the output end of a driving motor (6) positioned on one side of the upper surface of the fixed disc (5), the outer side wall of the driving gear (61) is provided with teeth, one side of the outer part of the driving gear (61) is connected with a rotary disc (7) through tooth meshing, the circle centers of the rotary disc (7) and the threaded rod (4) are superposed, the outer side wall of the rotary disc (7) is provided with teeth, 6 driven gears (71) are arranged on the outer side of the rotary disc (7) in a circumferential equidistant mode through tooth meshing, the driven gears (71) correspond to the upper parts of the medicament boxes (3) one by one, and connecting rods (72) are arranged on the lower bottom surface of the driven gears (71), the connecting rod (72) penetrates through the medicine box (3), the connecting rod (72) is connected with the upper top surface of the medicine box (3) in a rotating and sealing mode, the connecting rod (72) is connected with a medicine outlet baffle plate (31) located at the bottom in the medicine box (3), and a plurality of medicine outlet holes (32) are formed in the bottom surface of the medicine box (3) located at the bottom of the medicine outlet baffle plate (31);
a second hydraulic plate (21) which is connected with the inner wall of the liquid outlet barrel in a sliding and sealing manner is arranged in the liquid outlet barrel (2), the second hydraulic plate (21) is connected with the top of the liquid outlet barrel (2) through a telescopic rod (22) arranged at the center of the upper top surface of the second hydraulic plate, the bottom of each liquid outlet barrel (2) is provided with a connecting pipe (23) which is communicated with the bottom of the hydraulic barrel (1), the outer side of the top of the liquid outlet barrel (2) is provided with a liquid outlet pipe (24), one side of each liquid outlet pipe (24) is communicated with the liquid outlet barrel (2) through a check valve (25), and the top of each liquid outlet pipe (24) is communicated with the medicine outlet hole (32);
the fixed disc (5) limits the threaded rotating ring (41) and the rotary disc (7) through a limiting assembly (8).
8. The ex-situ solidification and stabilization repair process for removing heavy metals from soil according to claim 7, wherein a hose (26) is provided at each end of 6 liquid outlet pipes (24), wherein every two of 4 hoses (26) symmetrically arranged on two sides extend into two fillers adjacent to the discharge assembly (9), and the remaining front and rear 2 symmetrically arranged hoses (26) extend into the same ladder soil pile on two sides of the discharge assembly (9).
9. The ex-situ solidification stabilization repair process for removing heavy metals in soil according to claim 7, wherein the drug outlet baffle (31) is arranged in a circular shape, the drug outlet slots (33) are formed in the drug outlet baffle (31), 6 groups of drug outlet holes (32) are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the center of the drug outlet baffle (31), each group is provided with 3-6 drug outlet holes (32), the limiting assembly (8) comprises first limiting blocks (81) located on two sides of the fixed disk (5), the middle of each first limiting block (81) is fixedly connected with the fixed disk (5) through first limiting grooves (84), one first limiting block (81) is fixedly connected with a second limiting block (82) located on the outer side of the threaded rotating ring (41) through a first fixing rod (87), a second limiting groove (85) formed in the middle of the second limiting block (82) is slidably connected with the threaded rotating ring (41), the other first limiting block (81) is fixedly connected with a third limiting block (83) located on the outer side of the rotating disk (7) through a second fixing rod (88), and the middle of the third limiting block (83) is slidably connected with a third limiting groove (86).
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