CN115501261A - Quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN115501261A
CN115501261A CN202211256644.8A CN202211256644A CN115501261A CN 115501261 A CN115501261 A CN 115501261A CN 202211256644 A CN202211256644 A CN 202211256644A CN 115501261 A CN115501261 A CN 115501261A
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李卓玉
安宁
张雪琛
史江颖
单树花
李汉卿
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Abstract

The invention provides a quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method of the quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract comprises the following steps: adding precooled acetone into quinoa bran, stirring for 2h at 4 ℃, centrifuging, collecting supernatant, performing vacuum cooling, freeze-drying to obtain powder, separating the dry powder by using an AB-8 macroporous resin column material, and mixing the freeze-dried powder with the column material according to a mass ratio of 1:20-50 adsorbing with AB-8 macroporous resin column, eluting with 40% and 50% ethanol, removing ethanol by rotary evaporation of 50% ethanol eluate, and vacuum freeze drying to obtain powder, named as QBT. Research results prove that QBT can remarkably inhibit cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis. The quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract can be used for preparing anti-tumor medicines.

Description

Quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract as well as preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to preparation and application of plant terpenes, and particularly belongs to a quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract, a preparation method thereof and application of the terpene extract in antitumor drugs.
Background
Chenopodium quinoa belongs to Chenopodium of Chenopodiaceae of dicotyledon, annual herbaceous flower plants, originally produced in Andes mountain, and originally traced to more than 7000 years ago, because of its unique nutritive value, it is called "food mother". Since the 80 th of the 20 th century, china starts to grow in a large range, and quinoa resources in Shanxi province are good in quality and rich in yield, and have great development potential of medical and health-care products. Chenopodium quinoa has high application value, and is rich in various nutrients such as protein, lipid, vitamins, etc. Quinoa bran, namely quinoa testa, is a byproduct generated in the process of processing quinoa into quinoa whole grain. The quinoa bran is rich in nutrients such as cellulose, polysaccharide, protein and mineral substances, and bioactive components such as saponin and flavone. Researches prove that the bioactive peptide in the quinoa wheat bran has the effect of reducing blood pressure, the saponin in the quinoa wheat bran has the effects of resisting oxidation and enhancing immunity, and the like.
Terpenoids are widely found in the plant kingdom and are compounds or derivatives thereof based on isoprene (C5H 8). A large number of researches prove that terpenoids obtained from natural plants have the effects of reducing blood sugar, resisting inflammation, resisting oxidation, resisting tumors and the like. The differences of different plant terpene components are large, and the preparation processes are different, so that the method for extracting terpenes is required to be optimized, improved and determined to be suitable for different materials. According to the experiment, quinoa bran is taken as a material, a water-soluble terpenoid substance is obtained by optimizing a preparation process, and the substance can obviously inhibit the proliferation of various tumor cells, so that the quinoa bran has new development and utilization values, and is expected to be applied to the development of antitumor drugs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract, a preparation method thereof and application of the terpene extract in preparation of antitumor drugs. The preparation method has simple process, high yield, short time consumption, and convenient large-scale production.
The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract (QBT) comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: adding distilled water into acetone to prepare 80% acetone, and precooling for later use;
the second step is that: pulverizing quinoa wheat bran, adding pre-cooled acetone, and stirring at 2-8 deg.C for 2-4h, wherein the weight volume ratio of quinoa wheat bran to acetone is 1 g: 15-22mL;
the third step: stirring, centrifuging, storing the supernatant at 4 deg.C, and repeating the precipitation step again according to the second step;
the fourth step: stirring and centrifuging, and leaving supernatant and discarding precipitate;
the speed of centrifugation in the third step and the fourth step is 8000-12000rpm/min, the temperature is not higher than 10 ℃, and the time is 10-20min;
the fifth step: mixing the supernatants obtained in the third and fourth steps, and rotary evaporating at 55-65 deg.C until acetone is completely volatilized to obtain extractive solution;
and a sixth step: filtering the obtained extractive solution with 0.45 micrometer and 0.22 micrometer water-based filter membrane to remove impurities;
the seventh step: vacuum freeze-drying the extract after impurity removal in the sixth step into powder, and separating the freeze-dried powder by using an AB-8 macroporous resin column material; the mass ratio of the freeze-dried powder to the column material is 1:20-50 are adsorbed on AB-8 macroporous resin; sequentially eluting with 40% and 50% ethanol, rotary evaporating 50% ethanol eluate to remove ethanol, vacuum freeze drying to obtain powder to obtain quinoa bran water-soluble terpenoid extract (QBT), and storing at-20 deg.C.
The weight volume ratio of the quinoa wheat bran to the acetone in the second step is preferably 1 g: 20mL.
The stirring temperature in the second step is preferably 4 ℃ and the time is preferably 2h.
The speed of the centrifugation in the third step and the fourth step is preferably 11000rpm/min, the temperature is preferably 4 ℃, and the time is preferably 15min.
Experimental results prove that QBT can remarkably inhibit cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis and can be applied to preparation of antitumor drugs.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
experiments prove that the quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract can obviously inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells such as colon cancer cells DLD1 and HCT-8 and promote the apoptosis of the colon cancer cells. The quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract has potential to be developed into a novel anti-tumor medicament.
The quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract disclosed by the invention is simple in preparation method, high in yield, short in time consumption and convenient for large-scale production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 a sample of quinoa bran water soluble terpene extract (QBT) powder;
table 1. Quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract mass spectrometry identification results;
FIG. 2 shows the effect of water-soluble terpenoid extract of quinoa bran on tumor cell proliferation;
FIG. 3 shows the effect of water-soluble terpenoid extract of quinoa bran on apoptosis of tumor cells;
FIG. 4 shows the effect of water-soluble terpenoid extract of quinoa bran on tumor growth in vivo.
Detailed Description
Example 1: preparation method of quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract (QBT)
(1) Preparing 80% acetone solution from 800mL of distilled water and 3200mL of acetone according to the volume ratio, and precooling for 12 hours at-40 ℃;
(2) Pulverizing quinoa bran, collecting 100g of quinoa bran powder, adding pre-cooled 80% acetone 2000mL, stirring at 4 deg.C for 2h;
(3) After stirring, centrifuging the mixture for 15min at 4 ℃ and 11000rpm/min, taking supernatant, storing at 4 ℃, adding pre-cooled 80% acetone 2000mL into the precipitate, and stirring for 2h at 4 ℃;
(4) After stirring, centrifuging the mixture for 15min at 4 ℃ and 11000rpm/min, taking the supernatant and removing the precipitate;
(5) Mixing the supernatants obtained in the steps (3) and (4), and performing rotary evaporation at 60 ℃ until acetone is completely volatilized to obtain an extracting solution;
(6) Filtering the obtained extractive solution with 0.45 micrometer and 0.22 micrometer water-based filter membrane to remove impurities;
(7) Vacuum freeze-drying the extract after the impurity removal in the step (6) into powder, and separating the freeze-dried powder by using an AB-8 macroporous resin column material; the mass ratio of the freeze-dried powder to the column material is 1:40 adsorbing on AB-8 macroporous resin; sequentially eluting with 40% and 50% ethanol, rotary evaporating 50% ethanol eluate to remove ethanol, vacuum freeze drying to obtain powder to obtain quinoa bran water-soluble terpenoid extract (QBT), and storing at-20 deg.C.
(8) Measuring the concentration of terpenoid compounds by adopting a perchloric acid oxidation method, accurately weighing oleanolic acid sample 2mg, adding 10mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, preparing 0.2mg/mL of standard solution, precisely measuring 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5mL of standard solution, respectively placing the standard solution in a 10mL EP tube, volatilizing, precisely adding 0.2mL of newly prepared vanillin-glacial acetic acid solution 0.05g/mL and perchloric acid 0.8mL, shaking up, carrying out water bath at 70 ℃ for 15 minutes, carrying out ice bath cooling for 5 minutes, adding ethyl acetate 4mL, shaking up, using vanillin-glacial acetic acid and ethyl acetate mixed solution as a contrast, detecting an absorption value by using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 553nm, using an absorption value at a wavelength of 553nm as a horizontal coordinate and a mass of oleanolic acid as a vertical coordinate, drawing a standard curve, precisely weighing 0.3mL of sample respectively and placing the sample in the 10mL EP tube, volatilizing at 60 ℃, and drawing the absorption value according to the method of the standard curve.
The results show that: the content of terpenoids extracted from 100g of quinoa bran is about 0.76g, and the extraction yield is 0.76% averagely. Quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract (shown in figure 1).
Example 2: mass spectrum identification of quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract (QBT)
The eluted fractions having anti-colorectal cancer cell activity were concentrated and then placed in 4mL EP tubes, and mass spectrometry was performed on the fractions. The main treatment process of sample extraction: sample pretreatment (including drying, grinding, etc.); weighing or diluting with constant volume; removing particles by filtration, centrifugation and the like; sampling and detecting on a machine.
Chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis:
(1) An instrument analysis platform: LC-MS (Thermo, ultimate 3000LC, Q active HF)
(2) A chromatographic column: c18 column (Zorbax Eclipse C18 (1.8 μm. About.2.1. About.100mm))
(3) The chromatographic separation conditions are as follows: the column temperature is 30 ℃; the flow rate is 0.3mL/min; mobile phase composition A: water +0.1% formic acid, B: pure acetonitrile; the sample injection amount is 2 mu L, and the temperature of an automatic sample injector is 4 ℃; mobile phase gradient elution.
Through mass spectrum identification, the five components with the highest content in the quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract (QBT) obtained by the invention are fusidic acid, pachymic acid A, oleanolic acid, thrombolysin B and fringed pink triterpene glycoside respectively, wherein the fusidic acid content is the highest. The active component was confirmed to be mainly terpenoid by comparison with NCBI database, and named QBT (as shown in table 1).
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003889831010000041
Example 3: identification of antitumor activity of quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract (QBT)
Taking colon cancer cell lines DLD1 and HCT-8 in logarithmic growth phase, digesting the cells to prepare suspension, adjusting the cell count density to 5000-6000 cells/100 mu L, inoculating the suspension into a 96-well plate, culturing the suspension in an incubator containing 5 percent CO2 at 37 ℃ for overnight incubation, removing the old culture medium, adding culture media containing quinoa bran terpenoids substances with different concentrations, wherein the final terpenoid concentrations are 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0mg/mL respectively, setting 5 repeated wells, and continuing the incubation for 24 hours; old culture medium was discarded, washed 2 times with PBS, and 20. Mu.L of 5.0mg/mL MTT was added to each well for an additional 4h incubation. Culture medium in the plate was discarded, 150. Mu.L of DMSO was added to each well to dissolve formazan crystals generated from living cells, the solution was shaken on a shaker for 10min, and the absorbance of each well was measured on a microplate reader at a wavelength of 570 nm.
The results show that: the quinoa wheat bran water-soluble terpenoid extract (QBT) obtained by the invention is detected by the in vitro anti-tumor activity, and the result shows that: DLD1 and HCT-8 cells were treated with QBT at the different concentrations for 24h, and the IC50 values of DLD1 cells were: 0.42. + -. 0.02mg/mL (as shown in A in FIG. 2), IC50 values for HCT-8 cells were: 0.54. + -. 0.05mg/mL (as shown in FIG. 2B).
Example 4: influence of quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract (QBT) on colorectal cancer cell apoptosis
The Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection kit produced by Beijing Boaosen biotechnology limited is selected and is modified appropriately according to the instruction. DLD-1 cells with a cell density of 90% and in logarithmic growth phase were selected and inoculated in 60mm cell culture dishes after digestion. Fresh medium was changed every 24 hours after cell attachment. When the cell density reaches 80%, QBT at final concentrations of 0, 0.2 and 0.6mg/mL is added and treated in a CO2 cell incubator for 24 hours. The old medium containing QBT was discarded and washed gently with PBS 1 time. Digestion with 1 Xpancreatin (without EDTA) was followed by stopping digestion with serum-containing medium. After digestion, the cells were transferred to a centrifuge tube and centrifuged (1100rpm, 5min), washed 2 times with PBS, and 100. Mu.L of 1 × Binding Buffer was added to gently suspend the cells. Add 5. Mu.L Annexin V-FITC and 5. Mu.L PI stabilizing Solution to each tube of cells, mix well with gentle shaking. Incubate for 10 minutes at room temperature in the dark. Add 400. Mu.L of 1 XBinding Buffer to each tube of cells, shake gently and mix well, and finish the detection with the flow cytometer.
The results show that: the quinoa wheat bran water-soluble terpenoid extract (QBT) is subjected to apoptosis detection by a flow cytometer. Compared with the apoptosis rate of 5.22% in the control group, the apoptosis rates of the 0.2mg/mL QBT and 0.6mg/mL QBT treated groups are 15.79% and 27.02%, respectively, the apoptosis rate is remarkably increased, and the concentration dependence is realized (shown as A and B in figure 3).
Example 5: quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract (QBT) for inhibiting tumor growth in vivo
Taking DLD-1 cells in logarithmic growth phase, digesting the cells to form a cell suspension, and adjusting the density to 5 x 10 6 200 μ L. By adopting a xenograft tumor experiment, DLD-1 cells are inoculated under the skin of a nude mouse, each nude mouse is inoculated with 200 mu L of subcutaneous cell suspension, and the subcutaneous tumor formation of the nude mouse is regularly observed. When the tumor volume of the nude mice is about 100mm3, the nude mice are taken alongThe machine was divided into 2 groups, QBT treated group and saline control group (as shown in a in fig. 4), 10 of which were present. Based on the weight of the nude mice, the drug is administrated by intragastric administration at the dose of 50 mug/g QBT, and the normal saline with the same volume is administrated by intragastric administration in the control group once every two days for seven times. During the experiment, body weight and tumor volume of nude mice were measured and recorded every two days (calculation method of tumor volume: volume =0.5 x tumor length (cm) × tumor width) 2 (cm 2 ) After the administration, the nude mice were euthanized, and subcutaneous tumor tissues and other organs were taken, weighed, recorded, and stored in a-80 ℃ freezer for further use.
The results show that: compared with the control group, the mice of the QBT treatment group have obviously reduced tumor volume and weight, which shows that QBT has obvious inhibition effect on the growth of tumors of nude mice (shown as B, C and D in figure 4).

Claims (6)

1. A preparation method of a quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract with anti-tumor activity is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: adding distilled water into acetone to prepare 80% acetone, and precooling for later use;
the second step: pulverizing quinoa wheat bran, adding pre-cooled acetone, and stirring at 2-8 deg.C for 2-4h, wherein the weight volume ratio of quinoa wheat bran to acetone is 1 g: 15-22mL;
the third step: stirring, centrifuging, storing the supernatant at 4 deg.C, and repeating the precipitation step again according to the second step;
the fourth step: stirring and centrifuging, and leaving supernatant and discarding precipitate;
the speed of centrifugation in the third step and the fourth step is 8000-12000rpm/min, the temperature is not higher than 10 ℃, and the time is 10-20min;
the fifth step: mixing the supernatants obtained in the third and fourth steps, and rotary evaporating at 55-65 deg.C until acetone is completely volatilized to obtain extractive solution;
and a sixth step: filtering the obtained extractive solution with 0.45 micrometer and 0.22 micrometer water-based filter membrane to remove impurities;
the seventh step: vacuum freeze-drying the extract after impurity removal in the sixth step into powder, and separating the freeze-dried powder by using an AB-8 macroporous resin column material; the mass ratio of the freeze-dried powder to the column material is 1:20-50 are adsorbed on AB-8 macroporous resin; sequentially eluting with 40% and 50% ethanol, collecting 50% ethanol eluate, rotary evaporating to remove ethanol, vacuum freeze drying to obtain powder to obtain quinoa bran water-soluble terpenoid extract (QBT), and storing at-20 deg.C.
2. The method for preparing water-soluble terpene extracts of quinoa wheat bran according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the weight volume ratio of quinoa wheat bran to acetone is 1 g: 15-20mL.
3. The method for preparing a water-soluble terpenoid extract of quinoa brans according to claim 1, wherein the stirring temperature in the second step is 4 ℃ and the stirring time is 2 hours.
4. The method for preparing a water-soluble terpenoid extract of quinoa brans as claimed in claim 1, wherein the centrifugation in the third and fourth steps is performed at 11000rpm/min at 4 ℃ for 15min.
5. Quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The application of the quinoa bran water-soluble terpene extract as claimed in claim 5 in preparing an antitumor drug.
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