CN115500538B - Air-medium type ultrasonic coupling hot air drying method for high-humidity tobacco shreds - Google Patents
Air-medium type ultrasonic coupling hot air drying method for high-humidity tobacco shreds Download PDFInfo
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- CN115500538B CN115500538B CN202211180403.XA CN202211180403A CN115500538B CN 115500538 B CN115500538 B CN 115500538B CN 202211180403 A CN202211180403 A CN 202211180403A CN 115500538 B CN115500538 B CN 115500538B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/04—Humidifying or drying tobacco bunches or cut tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B9/00—Control of the moisture content of tobacco products, e.g. cigars, cigarettes, pipe tobacco
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/02—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces
- F26B17/04—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces the belts being all horizontal or slightly inclined
- F26B17/045—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces the belts being all horizontal or slightly inclined the material on the belt being agitated, dispersed or turned over by mechanical means, e.g. by vibrating the belt, by fixed, rotating or oscillating elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/04—Heating arrangements using electric heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
- F26B25/002—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for bulk goods
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/02—Applications of driving mechanisms, not covered by another subclass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/04—Agitating, stirring, or scraping devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a pneumatic ultrasonic coupling hot air drying method for high-humidity tobacco shreds, which comprises the following steps of: the screen conveyor belt moves to enable the tobacco shreds to enter the material drying bin, when the tobacco shreds move in the material drying bin, hot air output by the hot air conveying device flows upwards and acts on the tobacco shreds through holes in the screen conveyor belt, meanwhile, ultrasonic waves generated by an ultrasonic irradiation disc of the ultrasonic irradiation device act on the tobacco shreds through holes in the screen conveyor belt, the distance between the ultrasonic irradiation disc and the tobacco shreds is smaller than 15cm, and then an ultrasonic coupling hot air drying mode is realized; the screen conveyer belt moves the dried tobacco shreds to the outside of the material drying bin; in the process of ultrasonic coupling hot air drying, the negative pressure fan pumps out the wet air rising to the top in the material drying bin, so that the dehumidification effect is realized, and the hot air forms an upward flowing motion state. The application solves the problem that the sensory quality of the cut tobacco is reduced after the cut tobacco is dried when the moisture content of the cut tobacco is too high in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of tobacco processing, and particularly relates to a gas-medium type ultrasonic coupling hot air drying method for high-humidity cut tobacco.
Background
At present, a hot air drying method or a conduction type heat exchange drying method and a drying mode combining the hot air drying method and the conduction type heat exchange drying method are mainly adopted for drying the tobacco shreds in the industry, but the energy consumption is high due to the adoption of the hot air drying or the conduction type heat exchange drying, the material temperature in the drying process is relatively high, and the water content of the tobacco shreds is required to be relatively high, namely the water content of the tobacco shreds before drying is required to be about 20%. When the moisture content of the tobacco shreds is too high, the temperature of the materials can be greatly increased in the hot air drying or conduction type heat exchange drying process, so that the sensory quality of the tobacco shreds is obviously reduced. In particular to cut tobacco subjected to enzyme treatment or microbial fermentation, the water content is as high as 30% -60%, so that the existing drying mode is utilized, and the problems of higher temperature, longer drying time, reduced sensory quality of the cut tobacco and the like exist in the process of drying materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application solves the problem that the sensory quality of the cut tobacco is reduced after the cut tobacco is dried when the moisture content of the cut tobacco is too high in the prior art by providing the air-medium type ultrasonic coupling hot air drying method for the cut tobacco with high humidity.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the application provides a pneumatic ultrasonic coupling hot air drying method for high-humidity tobacco shreds, which comprises the following steps:
starting a wet material conveyor, a dry material conveyor, a material drying conveyor, an ultrasonic irradiation device, a hot air conveying device and a negative pressure fan; the air speed of the hot air conveying device is controlled to be 0.5-3 m/s, and the hot air conveying device heats the interior of the material drying bin to 30-60 ℃; controlling the output power of the ultrasonic irradiation device to be 60-200W and the ultrasonic frequency to be 20-40 kHz;
conveying cut tobacco to be dried to a screen conveyer belt on the material drying conveyer through the wet material conveyer;
the screen conveyer belt on the material drying conveyor moves to enable the tobacco shreds to enter the material drying bin, and the moving speed of the screen conveyer belt is controlled to enable the retention time of the tobacco shreds in the material drying bin to be 3-5 min;
when the tobacco shreds move in the material drying bin, hot air output by the hot air conveying device flows upwards and acts on the tobacco shreds through holes in the screen conveyor belt, meanwhile, ultrasonic waves generated by an ultrasonic irradiation disc of the ultrasonic irradiation device act on the tobacco shreds through holes in the screen conveyor belt, and the distance between the ultrasonic irradiation disc and the tobacco shreds is smaller than 15cm, so that a drying mode of ultrasonic coupling hot air is realized;
the ultrasonic mechanical and cavitation effects overcome the binding force of the attached moisture on the surface of the tobacco shreds and the tobacco shreds, enhance the fluid diffusion capacity, promote the generation of capillary tubes and micro channels of the tobacco shreds, reduce the moisture transfer resistance in the osmotic dehydration process, improve the fluid turbulence, and improve the heat and mass transfer of phase interfaces, thereby obviously enhancing the efficiency of hot air drying, reducing the hot air drying temperature and shortening the drying time;
the screen conveyer belt moves the dried cut tobacco to the outside of the material drying bin, and transfers the cut tobacco to the dry material conveyor for further treatment;
in the process of ultrasonic coupling hot air drying, the negative pressure fan pumps out the wet air rising to the top in the material drying bin, so that a dehumidification effect is realized, and the hot air forms an upward flowing motion state in the material drying bin.
In one possible implementation, the ultrasonic irradiation tray is located below a hot air outlet of the hot air delivery device.
In one possible implementation, the distance between the screen conveyor belt and the top wall in the material drying bin is between 30 and 50 cm.
In one possible implementation, the mesh conveyor belt has a pore size of 0.5 to 5mm.
In one possible implementation, the ultrasonic generator drives a piezoelectric ceramic transducer in the ultrasonic irradiation device to generate ultrasonic oscillation, the piezoelectric ceramic transducer propagates ultrasonic waves to the ultrasonic irradiation disc through an amplitude transformer, and the generated ultrasonic waves act on tobacco shreds on the screen conveyor belt after being propagated in air.
In one possible implementation manner, when the ultrasonic irradiation device works, a cooling fan is started, the cooling fan pumps out hot air in the ultrasonic irradiation device and discharges the hot air, and meanwhile, external cold air enters the ultrasonic irradiation device to cool the interior of the ultrasonic irradiation device, so that the piezoelectric ceramic transducer is in a proper working environment.
In one possible implementation, the plurality of ultrasonic irradiation trays below the screen conveyor belt continuously apply ultrasonic waves to the cut tobacco during the cut tobacco conveying process;
and a plurality of hot air outlets below the screen conveyor belt continuously output hot air and act on the cut tobacco in the cut tobacco conveying process.
In one possible implementation, the scraping plate scrapes off the cut tobacco attached to the screen conveyor belt when the screen conveyor belt moves, and the scraped cut tobacco falls onto the dry material conveyor.
In one possible implementation manner, when the screen conveyer belt moves, the output end of the vibrator drives the upper part of the screen conveyer belt positioned in the material drying bin to vibrate, and the vibrating screen conveyer belt turns over the cut tobacco, so that the cut tobacco is heated uniformly.
In one possible implementation, the speed of movement of the mesh conveyor belt is adjusted according to the moisture content of the cut tobacco, and the higher the moisture content of the cut tobacco, the slower the speed of movement of the mesh conveyor belt, so that the longer the cut tobacco remains inside the material drying bin.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
the embodiment of the application provides a pneumatic ultrasonic coupling hot air drying method for high-humidity tobacco shreds, by adopting the method, the moisture of the dried tobacco shreds can reach 12.5%, compared with pure hot air drying under the same condition, the method can be suitable for the high-humidity tobacco shreds with the moisture content of 20% -45% before drying, the drying time is relatively accelerated by 15%, the fragrance loss of the tobacco shreds is small and the irritation is reduced through multiple sensory quality tests, so that the method better optimizes the drying process of the high-humidity tobacco shreds, innovates the tobacco shred drying process flow and technology, and avoids the problem that hot air drying or conductive heat exchange drying has higher requirements on the moisture content of incoming materials. Therefore, the application adopts air-medium type ultrasonic to avoid the use of water medium, and reduces the extra water soaking process of the cut tobacco in the cut tobacco drying process, thereby being beneficial to improving the drying efficiency. The application solves the problem that the sensory quality of the cut tobacco is reduced after the cut tobacco is dried when the moisture content of the cut tobacco is too high in the prior art.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air-mediated ultrasonic coupling hot air drying system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic irradiation device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals: 1-a material drying bin; 2-a material drying conveyor; 21-a screen conveyor belt; 22-a driving wheel; 23-driven wheel; 24-backing rolls; 3-an ultrasonic irradiation device; 31-an ultrasonic irradiation disc; a 32-electroceramic transducer; 33-an amplitude transformer; 34-a clamp; 35-backing; 36-a housing; 37-cooling fans; 4-a hot air conveying device; 5-a negative pressure fan; a 6-impedance matching module; 7-an ultrasonic generator; 8-a wet material conveyor; 9-a dry material conveyor; 10-scraping plates; 11-vibrator.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the embodiments of the present application and simplify description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific circumstances.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the air-medium type ultrasonic wave coupled hot air drying method for high humidity cut tobacco provided by the embodiment of the application adopts an air-medium type ultrasonic wave coupled hot air drying system, which comprises a vibrator 11, an impedance matching module 6, an ultrasonic generator 7, a material drying bin 1, a material drying conveyor 2, an ultrasonic irradiation device 3, a hot air conveying device 4, a wet material conveyor 8, a dry material conveyor 9 and a negative pressure fan 5. The inside drying chamber that is provided with of material drying storehouse 1, the both sides in material drying storehouse 1 are provided with material import and material export respectively. The main body part of the material drying conveyor 2 is positioned in the drying cavity, the feeding end of the material drying conveyor 2 extends out of the material inlet, and the discharging end of the material drying conveyor 2 extends out of the material outlet.
The material drying conveyor 2 comprises a screen conveyor belt 21. The ultrasonic irradiation disc 31 of the ultrasonic irradiation device 3 is arranged in the material drying bin 1 and is positioned below the material drying conveyor 2. The air outlet of the hot air conveying device 4 is arranged at the side wall of the material drying bin 1 and is positioned between the ultrasonic irradiation disc 31 and the material drying conveyor 2, and the air outlet of the hot air conveying device 4 is arranged at the front side wall and the rear side wall of the material drying bin 1, so that the drying efficiency is improved, and the hot air is enabled to act on the cut tobacco more uniformly.
The hot air conveying device 4 comprises a hot air generator and a hot air conveying pipe, and an air outlet of the hot air conveying pipe is arranged at the side wall of the material drying bin 1. The air inlet of the negative pressure fan 5 is arranged at the top of the material drying bin 1. The discharge end of the wet conveyor 8 is located above the feed end of the material drying conveyor 2. The feeding end of the dry material conveyor 9 is positioned below the discharging end of the material drying conveyor 2. The conveyors of the wet conveyor 8 and the dry conveyor 9 are conventional conveyors without holes.
The output port of the ultrasonic generator 7 is connected to the input port of the impedance matching module 6, and the output port of the impedance matching module 6 is connected to the input port of the ultrasonic irradiation device 3. The ultrasonic generator 7 drives the ultrasonic irradiation device 3 to generate ultrasonic waves, and the impedance matching is realized by the impedance matching module 6.
The ultrasonic irradiation device 3 includes a piezoelectric ceramic transducer 32, a horn 33, an ultrasonic irradiation disc 31, a jig 34, a backing 35, a housing 36, and a cooling fan 37. The piezoelectric ceramic transducer 32, the jig 34, and the backing 35 are all disposed within the housing 36, the piezoelectric ceramic transducer 32 is fixed by the jig 34, and the backing 35 is disposed between the jig 34 and the inner wall of the housing 36. The ultrasonic irradiation disc 31 is positioned above the shell 36, the upper end of the amplitude transformer 33 is connected to the ultrasonic irradiation disc 31, and the lower end of the amplitude transformer 33 extends into the shell 36 and then passes through the piezoelectric ceramic transducer 32. The output port of the impedance matching module 6 is connected to the input port of the piezoceramic transducer 32. The outlet of the cooling fan 37 faces the outer wall of the housing 36. The piezoelectric ceramic transducer 32 is connected to a transducer connection port on the housing 36 by a cable, and the output end of the impedance matching module 6 is connected to the transducer connection port by a cable. The ultrasonic generator 7 drives the piezoelectric ceramic transducer 32 in the ultrasonic irradiation device 3 to generate ultrasonic oscillation, the piezoelectric ceramic transducer 32 transmits ultrasonic waves to the ultrasonic irradiation disc 31 through the amplitude transformer 33, and the ultrasonic waves generated by the disc surface of the ultrasonic irradiation disc 31 act on cut tobacco on the screen conveyor 21 after being transmitted in air.
The outer shell 36 is made of stainless steel, the ultrasonic irradiation disc 31 and the amplitude transformer 33 are made of high-strength duralumin, aluminum alloy or stainless steel, the back lining 35 is made of 45 # steel, and the back lining 35 is made of 45 # steel, so that the radiation efficiency of the transducer can be improved. The clamp 34 is made of aluminum alloy, and the surface of the clamp 34 is plated with chromium. The chrome plating of the surface of the clamp 34 can increase the finish and improve the corrosion resistance and wear resistance thereof. The amplitude transformer 33 can adopt screw type, conical type, exponential type, step type or catenary type structures, and the like, and the amplitude transformer 33 is used as an energy transmission carrier, so that the load matching between the piezoelectric ceramic transducer 32 and the irradiation disc can be adjusted.
The number of the ultrasonic irradiation devices 3 is plural, and the ultrasonic irradiation trays 31 of the plural ultrasonic irradiation devices 3 are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction of the material drying conveyor 2. The number of the ultrasonic irradiation devices 3 is plural because a single ultrasonic irradiation device 3 cannot drive the plurality of ultrasonic irradiation trays 31 to operate. The plurality of ultrasonic irradiation devices 3 may be operated simultaneously or may be partially operated. The number of the air outlets of the hot air conveying devices 4 is multiple, and the air outlets of the hot air conveying devices 4 are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction of the material drying conveyor 2. The number of the air inlets of the negative pressure fans 5 is multiple, and the air inlets of the negative pressure fans 5 are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction of the material drying conveyor 2.
The material drying conveyor 2 comprises a driving wheel 22, a driven wheel 23, a support roller 24, and a screen conveyor belt 21. The screen conveyer belt 21 is sleeved on the supporting roller 24, the driving wheel 22 and the driven wheel 23, and the driving wheel 22 and the driven wheel 23 drive the screen conveyer belt 21 to move. The support roller 24 abuts against the lower surface of the upper portion of the screen conveyor 21. The support roller 24 is located between adjacent two ultrasonic irradiation trays 31. The driving wheel 22 and the driven wheel 23 are positioned outside the material drying bin 1, the supporting roller 24 is positioned inside the material drying bin 1, and the supporting roller 24 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the material drying bin 1. The backup roller 24 is located between the adjacent two ultrasonic irradiation trays 31 in the vertical direction, and the backup roller 24 can be prevented from affecting the effect of ultrasonic waves. The discharge end of the material drying conveyor 2 is provided with a scraping plate 10, the scraping plate 10 is positioned above the dry material conveyor 9, and the scraping end of the scraping plate 10 is abutted with a screen conveyer belt 21.
The output end of the vibrator 11 is connected to the lower surface of the upper part of the screen conveyor 21. When the screen conveyer belt 21 moves, the output end of the vibrator 11 drives the upper part of the screen conveyer belt 21 positioned in the material drying bin 1 to vibrate, and the vibrating screen conveyer belt 21 turns over the cut tobacco, so that the cut tobacco is heated uniformly.
The two sides of the screen conveyer belt 21 are provided with baffle plates, and the height of the baffle plates is larger than 5cm. The stopper can prevent cut tobacco from falling from both sides of the screen conveyor 21 by the vibrator 11. The striker plate can be fixed with the side wall of the material drying bin 1 through the bracket, and can also be arranged on two sides of the screen conveyor belt 21, and when the striker plate is arranged on two sides of the screen conveyor belt 21, the striker plate adopts a deformable structure, such as a folding shape, so that the striker plate is convenient to pass through the feeding end and the discharging end of the screen conveyor belt 21.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the air-medium type ultrasonic coupling hot air drying method for high-humidity tobacco shreds provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps:
the wet material conveyor 8, the dry material conveyor 9, the material drying conveyor 2, the ultrasonic irradiation device 3, the hot air conveying device 4 and the negative pressure fan 5 are started. The air speed of the hot air conveying device 4 is controlled to be 0.5-3 m/s, and the hot air conveying device 4 heats the interior of the material drying bin 1 to 30-60 ℃. The output power of the ultrasonic irradiation device 3 is controlled to be 60-200W, and the ultrasonic frequency is controlled to be 20-40 kHz.
The cut tobacco to be dried is conveyed onto a screen conveyer belt 21 on the material drying conveyor 2 by a wet material conveyor 8.
The screen conveyer belt 21 on the material drying conveyer 2 moves to enable the tobacco shreds to enter the material drying bin 1, and the moving speed of the screen conveyer belt 21 is controlled to enable the retention time of the tobacco shreds in the material drying bin 1 to be 3-5 min.
When the tobacco shreds move in the material drying bin 1, hot air output by the hot air conveying device 4 flows upwards and acts on the tobacco shreds through holes in the screen conveyor belt 21, meanwhile, ultrasonic waves generated by the ultrasonic irradiation disc 31 of the ultrasonic irradiation device 3 act on the tobacco shreds through holes in the screen conveyor belt 21, the distance between the ultrasonic irradiation disc 31 and the tobacco shreds is smaller than 15cm, and further, the ultrasonic coupling hot air drying mode is realized.
The ultrasonic mechanical and cavitation effects overcome the binding force of the attached moisture on the surface of the tobacco shreds and the tobacco shreds, enhance the fluid diffusion capability, promote the generation of capillary tubes and micro channels of the tobacco shreds, reduce the moisture transfer resistance in the osmotic dehydration process, improve the fluid turbulence and improve the heat and mass transfer of phase interfaces, thereby obviously enhancing the efficiency of hot air drying, reducing the hot air drying temperature and shortening the drying time.
The screen conveyor belt 21 moves the dried cut tobacco to the outside of the material drying bin 1, and transfers the cut tobacco to the dry material conveyor 9 for further processing.
In the process of ultrasonic coupling hot air drying, the negative pressure fan 5 pumps out the wet air rising to the inner top of the material drying bin 1, thereby realizing the dehumidification effect and enabling the hot air to form an upward flowing motion state in the material drying bin 1.
Since the ultrasonic wave is attenuated when it propagates in the air, the distance between the ultrasonic irradiation tray 31 and the screen conveyor belt 21 is set to be less than 15cm, and the ultrasonic wave can be effectively applied to the tobacco shreds. The negative pressure fan 5 can pump out the wet air rising to the inner top of the material drying bin 1, so as to realize a dehumidification effect, and enable hot air to form an upward flowing motion state in the material drying bin 1, so that a drying effect is improved.
Sectional ultrasonic hot air drying is to perform ultrasonic pretreatment firstly and then hot air drying, wherein the ultrasonic pretreatment is to soak materials in water, change the internal structure of the materials through ultrasonic treatment, promote the generation of capillaries and micro channels of the materials, and the like. But the initial water content of the material is increased due to water immersion during ultrasonic pretreatment. Therefore, the application adopts air-medium type ultrasonic to avoid the use of water medium, and reduces the extra water soaking process of the cut tobacco in the cut tobacco drying process, thereby being beneficial to improving the drying efficiency.
Compared with pure hot air drying under the same condition, the method provided by the application can be suitable for high-humidity tobacco shreds with the moisture content of 20% -45% before drying, the drying time is relatively increased by 15%, and the fragrance loss of the tobacco shreds is smaller and the irritation is reduced through multiple sensory quality tests, so that the method provided by the application better optimizes the drying process of the high-humidity tobacco shreds, innovates the tobacco shred drying process flow and technology, and avoids the problem that hot air drying or conductive heat exchange drying has higher requirements on the moisture content of incoming materials.
In this embodiment, the ultrasonic irradiation tray 31 is located below the hot air outlet of the hot air delivery device 4.
It should be noted that, the ultrasonic irradiation tray 31 is located below the hot air outlet of the hot air conveying device 4, that is, the air outlet of the hot air conveying device 4 is located between the ultrasonic irradiation tray 31 and the material drying conveyor 2, so that the hot air does not act on the ultrasonic irradiation tray 31, thereby playing a role in protecting the ultrasonic irradiation tray 31.
In this embodiment, the distance between the screen conveyor 21 and the top wall in the material drying bin 1 is between 30 and 50 cm.
The distance between the screen conveyer belt 21 and the top wall in the material drying bin 1 is 30-50 cm, so that the tobacco shreds can be prevented from being drawn out of the screen conveyer belt 21 by the negative pressure fan 5, and a larger drying chamber can be formed, so that the hot air drying efficiency is improved.
In this embodiment, the mesh size of the screen conveyor 21 is 0.5 to 5mm.
The aperture of the screen conveyor belt 21 is 0.5-5 mm, which is beneficial to the passage of tobacco shreds and ultrasonic waves, and meanwhile, the normal conveying of the tobacco shreds is not affected.
In this embodiment, the ultrasonic generator 7 drives the piezoelectric ceramic transducer 32 in the ultrasonic irradiation device 3 to generate ultrasonic oscillation, the piezoelectric ceramic transducer 32 propagates ultrasonic waves to the ultrasonic irradiation tray 31 through the horn 33, and the generated ultrasonic waves act on the cut tobacco on the screen conveyor belt 21 after propagating in the air.
In this embodiment, when the ultrasonic irradiation device 3 works, the cooling fan 37 is started, the cooling fan 37 pumps out the hot air in the ultrasonic irradiation device 3 and discharges the hot air, and meanwhile, the external cold air enters the ultrasonic irradiation device 3, so that the interior of the ultrasonic irradiation device 3 is cooled, and the piezoelectric ceramic transducer 32 is in a proper working environment.
In this embodiment, the plurality of ultrasonic irradiation trays 31 under the screen conveyor 21 continuously apply ultrasonic waves to the cut tobacco during the cut tobacco conveyance process.
The plurality of hot air outlets below the screen conveyor 21 continuously output hot air and act on the cut tobacco during the cut tobacco conveying process.
The conveying method can enable the tobacco shreds to be continuously subjected to ultrasonic coupling hot air drying in the conveying process, and further the drying effect is improved.
In this embodiment, when the screen conveyor 21 moves, the scraping plate 10 scrapes off the cut tobacco attached to the screen conveyor 21, and the scraped cut tobacco falls onto the dry material conveyor 9.
The scraping plate 10 can improve the recovery rate of the cut tobacco and prevent the cut tobacco from entering the material drying bin 1 again.
In this embodiment, when the screen conveyer belt 21 moves, the output end of the vibrator 11 drives the upper portion of the screen conveyer belt 21 located in the material drying bin 1 to vibrate, and the vibrating screen conveyer belt 21 turns over the cut tobacco, so that the cut tobacco is heated uniformly.
The tobacco shreds can be fully dried by the ultrasonic coupling hot air drying mode after being overturned.
In this embodiment, the speed of the movement of the screen conveyor belt 21 is adjusted according to the moisture content of the tobacco, and the higher the moisture content of the tobacco, the slower the speed of the movement of the screen conveyor belt 21, so that the longer the tobacco remains in the material drying bin 1.
It should be noted that, when the moisture content of the cut tobacco is lower, the speed of the movement of the screen conveyor belt 21 is faster, and the number of operations of the ultrasonic irradiation device 3 can be reduced, so as to adapt to different drying conditions.
In the present embodiment, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the present application may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (10)
1. The air-medium type ultrasonic coupling hot air drying method for the high-humidity tobacco shreds is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
starting a wet material conveyor (8), a dry material conveyor (9), a material drying conveyor (2), an ultrasonic irradiation device (3), a hot air conveying device (4) and a negative pressure fan (5); the air speed of the hot air conveying device (4) is controlled to be 0.5-3 m/s, and the hot air conveying device (4) heats the interior of the material drying bin (1) to 30-60 ℃; controlling the output power of the ultrasonic irradiation device (3) to be 60-200W and the ultrasonic frequency to be 20-40 kHz;
conveying cut tobacco to be dried onto a screen conveyer belt (21) on the material drying conveyor (2) through the wet material conveyor (8);
the screen conveyer belt (21) on the material drying conveyer (2) moves to enable the cut tobacco to enter the material drying bin (1), and the moving speed of the screen conveyer belt (21) is controlled to enable the retention time of the cut tobacco in the material drying bin (1) to be 3-5 min;
when the tobacco shreds move in the material drying bin (1), hot air output by the hot air conveying device (4) flows upwards and acts on the tobacco shreds through holes on the screen conveyor belt (21), meanwhile, ultrasonic waves generated by an ultrasonic irradiation disc (31) of the ultrasonic irradiation device (3) act on the tobacco shreds through holes on the screen conveyor belt (21), and the distance between the ultrasonic irradiation disc (31) and the tobacco shreds is smaller than 15cm, so that a drying mode of ultrasonic coupling hot air is realized;
the ultrasonic mechanical and cavitation effects overcome the binding force of the attached moisture on the surface of the tobacco shreds and the tobacco shreds, enhance the fluid diffusion capacity, promote the generation of capillary tubes and micro channels of the tobacco shreds, reduce the moisture transfer resistance in the osmotic dehydration process, improve the fluid turbulence, and improve the heat and mass transfer of phase interfaces, thereby obviously enhancing the efficiency of hot air drying, reducing the hot air drying temperature and shortening the drying time;
the screen conveyor belt (21) moves the dried cut tobacco to the outside of the material drying bin (1), and transfers the cut tobacco to the dry material conveyor (9) for further treatment;
in the process of ultrasonic coupling hot air drying, the negative pressure fan (5) pumps out the wet air rising to the inner top of the material drying bin (1), so that a dehumidification effect is realized, and the hot air forms an upward flowing motion state in the material drying bin (1).
2. The air-mediated ultrasonic coupling hot air drying method for high-humidity cut tobacco according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the ultrasonic irradiation disc (31) is positioned below the hot air outlet of the hot air conveying device (4).
3. The air-mediated ultrasonic coupling hot air drying method for high-humidity cut tobacco according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the distance between the screen conveyer belt (21) and the top wall in the material drying bin (1) is between 30 cm and 50 cm.
4. The air-mediated ultrasonic coupling hot air drying method for high-humidity cut tobacco according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the aperture of the screen conveyer belt (21) is 0.5-5 mm.
5. The air-mediated ultrasonic coupling hot air drying method for high-humidity cut tobacco according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the ultrasonic generator (7) drives the piezoelectric ceramic transducer (32) in the ultrasonic irradiation device (3) to generate ultrasonic oscillation, the piezoelectric ceramic transducer (32) transmits ultrasonic waves to the ultrasonic irradiation disc (31) through the amplitude transformer (33), and the generated ultrasonic waves act on cut tobacco on the screen conveyor belt (21) after being transmitted in air.
6. The air-mediated ultrasonic coupling hot air drying method for high-humidity cut tobacco according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: when the ultrasonic irradiation device (3) works, a cooling fan (37) is started, the cooling fan (37) pumps out hot air in the ultrasonic irradiation device (3) and discharges the hot air, and meanwhile, external cold air enters the ultrasonic irradiation device (3) to cool the interior of the ultrasonic irradiation device (3), so that the piezoelectric ceramic transducer (32) is in a proper working environment.
7. The air-mediated ultrasonic coupling hot air drying method for high-humidity cut tobacco according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: a plurality of ultrasonic irradiation trays (31) below the screen conveyor belt (21) continuously apply ultrasonic waves to the cut tobacco in the cut tobacco conveying process;
and a plurality of hot air outlets below the screen conveyor belt (21) continuously output hot air in the tobacco shred conveying process and act on the tobacco shreds.
8. The air-mediated ultrasonic coupling hot air drying method for high-humidity cut tobacco according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: when the screen conveyer belt (21) moves, the scraping plate (10) scrapes off the cut tobacco attached to the screen conveyer belt (21), and the scraped cut tobacco falls onto the dry material conveyer (9).
9. The air-mediated ultrasonic coupling hot air drying method for high-humidity cut tobacco according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: when the screen conveyer belt (21) moves, the output end of the vibrator (11) drives the upper part of the screen conveyer belt (21) positioned in the material drying bin (1) to vibrate, and the vibrating screen conveyer belt (21) enables cut tobacco to overturn, so that the cut tobacco is heated uniformly.
10. The air-mediated ultrasonic coupling hot air drying method for high-humidity cut tobacco according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the moving speed of the screen conveyor belt (21) is adjusted according to the water content of the tobacco shreds, and the higher the water content of the tobacco shreds is, the slower the moving speed of the screen conveyor belt (21) is, so that the longer the tobacco shreds stay in the material drying bin (1).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211180403.XA CN115500538B (en) | 2022-09-27 | 2022-09-27 | Air-medium type ultrasonic coupling hot air drying method for high-humidity tobacco shreds |
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| CN202211180403.XA CN115500538B (en) | 2022-09-27 | 2022-09-27 | Air-medium type ultrasonic coupling hot air drying method for high-humidity tobacco shreds |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE581014A (en) * | 1958-07-24 | 1959-11-16 | British American Tobacco Co | Tobacco drying method and apparatus |
| CN201142926Y (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2008-11-05 | 红云烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Multifunctional tobacco water equilibrium cabinet |
| KR101958600B1 (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-07-04 | 정민우 | A low-temperature drying apparatus equipped with a hot wind reflector |
-
2022
- 2022-09-27 CN CN202211180403.XA patent/CN115500538B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE581014A (en) * | 1958-07-24 | 1959-11-16 | British American Tobacco Co | Tobacco drying method and apparatus |
| CN201142926Y (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2008-11-05 | 红云烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Multifunctional tobacco water equilibrium cabinet |
| KR101958600B1 (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-07-04 | 정민우 | A low-temperature drying apparatus equipped with a hot wind reflector |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 功率超声在热风干燥领域中的研究进展;罗登林;徐宝成;朱文学;刘建学;;中国粮油学报(03);全文 * |
| 烟草气流烘丝机干燥系统的改进;赵红霞;;机械工程师(01);全文 * |
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