CN115491592B - 20MnCr5 gear steel and rolling method thereof - Google Patents
20MnCr5 gear steel and rolling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115491592B CN115491592B CN202211055981.0A CN202211055981A CN115491592B CN 115491592 B CN115491592 B CN 115491592B CN 202211055981 A CN202211055981 A CN 202211055981A CN 115491592 B CN115491592 B CN 115491592B
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006032 tissue transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B3/02—Rolling special iron alloys, e.g. stainless steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to 20MnCr5 gear steel and a rolling method thereof, belonging to the technical field of steel rolling. The technical proposal is as follows: continuous casting: the continuous casting blank adopts a hot charging or slow cooling process, the temperature is more than or equal to 650 ℃ during hot charging, the temperature of a slow cooling pit is more than or equal to 650 ℃ during slow cooling process, and the pit outlet temperature is less than 200 ℃; heating: the temperature of the soaking section is 1150-1260 ℃, and the tapping temperature is 1240-1260 ℃; rolling: the rolling temperature of the cogging mill is 1080-1180 ℃, the rolling start temperature of continuous rolling is 980-1020 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is more than 950 ℃; and (3) cooling: the rolled material is put into a slow cooling pit at the temperature of 500-600 ℃ and is slowly cooled for 55-72 h. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the ultrasonic flaw detection qualification rate of 20MnCr5 gear steel is improved, the flaw detection qualification rate of GB/T4162B level is improved to 99.1% from 91.2%, and the low-power structure of the rolled material can be improved, so that the structure is more compact.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to 20MnCr5 gear steel and a rolling method thereof, belonging to the technical field of steel rolling in the metallurgical industry.
Background
The 20MnCr5 steel belongs to the steel grade with the higher end of the De-standard series in the gear steel, the ultrasonic flaw detection qualification rate of 20MnCr5 gear steel bars with the diameter of 200 mm-300 mm produced by phi 600mm continuous casting billets is 91.2 percent, and the ultrasonic flaw detection failure positions with the diameter of more than 95 percent are found to have no oxidation and no decarburized layers and free surface characteristics through the flaw detection and anatomical analysis, so that the defect equivalent is reduced along with the reduction of the rolled material specification, and the defect failure is caused by the fact that shrinkage cavities in the continuous casting billets are not welded in the rolling process.
At present, a continuous casting blank is a cold stacking process, the heating time in a walking beam type heating furnace is short, the heating speed is high, the maximum single-pass pressing amount in the rolling process of a cogging mill is 90mm, the maximum pressing rate is 18%, the rolling speed is high, deformation cannot well penetrate into a core part, the core part is small in strain, and residual shrinkage defects in the continuous casting blank are not effectively welded.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide 20MnCr5 gear steel and a rolling method thereof, which can improve the macroscopic structure of a rolled material, enable the structure to be more compact, improve the ultrasonic flaw detection qualification rate and solve the problems in the background technology.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a20 MnCr5 gear steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.17 to 0.22, si:0.20 to 0.40, mn:1.10 to 1.40, cr: 1.00-1.30, P: less than or equal to 0.025, S: less than or equal to 0.035 percent, cu:0.01 to 0.04, ni:0.01 to 0.10, mo:0.01 to 0.05, and the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities.
A rolling method of 20MnCr5 gear steel comprises continuous casting, heating, rolling and cooling, and comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.17 to 0.22, si:0.20 to 0.40, mn:1.10 to 1.40, cr: 1.00-1.30, P: less than or equal to 0.025, S: less than or equal to 0.035 percent, cu:0.01 to 0.04, ni:0.01 to 0.10, mo:0.01 to 0.05, and the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities;
continuous casting: the continuous casting blank adopts a hot charging or slow cooling process, the hot charging temperature is more than or equal to 650 ℃ during hot charging, the temperature of a slow cooling pit is more than or equal to 650 ℃ during slow cooling process, and the pit discharging temperature is less than 200 ℃;
heating: the temperature of the soaking section is 1150-1260 ℃, and the tapping temperature is 1240-1260 ℃;
rolling: the rolling temperature of the cogging mill is 1080-1180 ℃, the rolling start temperature of continuous rolling is 980-1020 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is more than 950 ℃;
and (3) cooling: the rolled material is put into a slow cooling pit at the temperature of 500-600 ℃ and is slowly cooled for 55-72 h.
The heating: and (3) hot charging of the continuous casting blank: the hot charging temperature is more than or equal to 650 ℃, the preheating zone temperature is less than or equal to 850 ℃, and the heating time is more than 9 hours; and (3) during cold charging of the continuous casting blank: the temperature of the preheating zone is less than or equal to 700 ℃, and the heating time is more than 13h.
The rolling comprises the following steps: the cogging mill rolls 9-11 times, the rolling reduction rate of the 1 st-4 th times is more than or equal to 12%, the average rolling reduction rate of the 5 th-8 th times is more than or equal to 18%, and the rolling reduction of two single times is not less than 110mm; the continuous rolling passes are 4-6, and the average elongation coefficient is greater than 1.13.
The rolling speed of the cogging mill is 1.0-1.5 m/s.
The specification of the continuous casting blank is phi 600mm, and the specification of a finished product is phi 200 mm-phi 300mm.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) Optimizing the slow cooling and heating procedures of the continuous casting billet, and reducing the superposition of thermal stress and tissue transformation stress;
(2) The maximum single-pass rolling reduction is improved, the rolling speed is reduced, and the deformation penetration of the core part is increased;
(3) The ultrasonic flaw detection qualification rate of the large-specification 20MnCr5 gear steel is effectively improved, the flaw detection qualification rate of GB/T4162B level is improved from 91.2% to 99.1%, and the low-power structure of the rolled material can be improved, so that the structure is more compact.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is the equivalent strain of the core at different amounts of reduction;
FIG. 2 is the equivalent strain of the core at different rolling speeds;
FIG. 3 is a cloud chart of equivalent strain at a rolling speed of 1.0 m/s;
FIG. 4 is a cloud of equivalent strain at a rolling speed of 3.0 m/s.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the 20MnCr5 gear steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.17 to 0.22, si:0.20 to 0.40, mn:1.10 to 1.40, cr: 1.00-1.30, P: less than or equal to 0.025, S: less than or equal to 0.035 percent, cu:0.01 to 0.04, ni:0.01 to 0.10, mo:0.01 to 0.05, and the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities.
A rolling method of 20MnCr5 gear steel comprises continuous casting, heating, rolling and cooling, and comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.17 to 0.22, si:0.20 to 0.40, mn:1.10 to 1.40, cr: 1.00-1.30, P: less than or equal to 0.025, S: less than or equal to 0.035 percent, cu:0.01 to 0.04, ni:0.01 to 0.10, mo:0.01 to 0.05, and the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities;
continuous casting: the continuous casting blank adopts a hot charging or slow cooling process, the hot charging temperature is more than or equal to 650 ℃ during hot charging, the temperature of a slow cooling pit is more than or equal to 650 ℃ during slow cooling process, and the pit discharging temperature is less than 200 ℃;
heating: the temperature of the soaking section is 1150-1260 ℃, and the tapping temperature is 1240-1260 ℃;
rolling: the rolling temperature of the cogging mill is 1080-1180 ℃, the rolling start temperature of continuous rolling is 980-1020 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is more than 950 ℃;
and (3) cooling: the rolled material is put into a slow cooling pit at the temperature of 500-600 ℃ and is slowly cooled for 55-72 h.
The heating: and (3) hot charging of the continuous casting blank: the hot charging temperature is more than or equal to 650 ℃, the preheating zone temperature is less than or equal to 850 ℃, and the heating time is more than 9 hours; and (3) during cold charging of the continuous casting blank: the temperature of the preheating zone is less than or equal to 700 ℃, and the heating time is more than 13h.
The rolling comprises the following steps: the cogging mill rolls 9-11 times, the rolling reduction rate of the 1 st-4 th times is more than or equal to 12%, the average rolling reduction rate of the 5 th-8 th times is more than or equal to 18%, and the rolling reduction of two single times is not less than 110mm; the continuous rolling passes are 4-6, and the average elongation coefficient is greater than 1.13.
The rolling speed of the cogging mill is 1.0-1.5 m/s.
The specification of the continuous casting blank is phi 600mm, and the specification of a finished product is phi 200 mm-phi 300mm.
Example 1: phi 600mm continuous casting billet is rolled for phi 300mm, and the method comprises the following steps:
the first step: the continuous casting blank adopts a hot delivery or slow cooling process, and smelting components are as follows: unit, wt%, C:0.17 to 0.22, si:0.20 to 0.40, mn:1.10 to 1.40, cr: 1.00-1.30, P: less than or equal to 0.025, S: less than or equal to 0.035 percent, cu:0.01 to 0.04, ni:0.01 to 0.10, mo:0.01 to 0.05.
The temperature of the continuous casting blank entering the slow cooling pit is more than or equal to 650 ℃, the temperature of the continuous casting blank exiting the slow cooling pit is less than 200 ℃, the cooling speed is reduced, the tensile stress of the core part of the continuous casting blank is reduced, and Cu, ni and Mo components are controlled according to the lower line.
And a second step of: the continuous casting billet with phi 600mm is hot-charged or cold-charged and is sent into a step heating furnace to be heated, and the heating process is as follows:
and a third step of: and removing iron scales on the surface of the continuous casting blank by a high-pressure water descaling machine, wherein the descaling pressure is 250 Bar-280 bar.
Fourth step: the initial rolling temperature of the cogging mill is 1150-1180 ℃. The rolling process of the cogging mill is as follows:
the rolling speed is 1.0-1.5 m/s, the rolling rate of 5-8 passes is not less than 10%, the single pass large rolling rate of at least 2 passes is not less than 110mm, and the rolling speed is 1.0m/s when the rolling speed is the maximum rolling rate.
Fifth step: the intermediate billet after cogging is conveyed to a continuous rolling unit after hydraulic shearing, 4 times of rolling are carried out, the initial rolling temperature of continuous rolling is 980-1020 ℃, and the rolling process is as follows:
sixth step: after sawing, the metal saw is cooled by a stepping cooling bed, the slow cooling pit entering temperature is 500-550 ℃, the slow cooling time is 72 hours, and the pit exiting temperature is less than 200 ℃.
Seventh step: and (5) after the pit is removed, manually spreading and checking, and performing ultrasonic flaw detection. The flaw detection qualification rate meeting the GB/T4162B level is 96.1 percent.
Example 2 phi 600mm continuous casting slab rolling phi 200mm was performed according to the following steps:
the first step: the continuous casting blank hot delivery or slow cooling process comprises the following smelting components: unit, wt%, C:0.17 to 0.22, si:0.20 to 0.40, mn:1.10 to 1.40, cr: 1.00-1.30, P: less than or equal to 0.025, S: less than or equal to 0.035 percent, cu:0.01 to 0.04, ni:0.01 to 0.10, mo:0.01 to 0.05.
The temperature of the continuous casting blank entering the slow cooling pit is more than or equal to 650 ℃, the temperature of the continuous casting blank exiting the slow cooling pit is less than 200 ℃, the cooling speed is reduced, and the tensile stress of the core part of the continuous casting blank is reduced. Cu, ni and Mo components are controlled according to the following lines.
And a second step of: the 600 round continuous casting blank hot-packed or cold-packed continuous casting blank is sent into a step heating furnace to be heated, and the heating process is as follows:
and a third step of: and removing iron scales on the surface of the continuous casting blank by a high-pressure water descaling machine, wherein the descaling pressure is 250 Bar-280 bar.
Fourth step: the initial rolling temperature of the cogging mill is 1150-1180 ℃. The rolling process of the cogging mill is as follows:
the rolling speed is 1.0-1.5 m/s, the rolling rate of 5-8 passes is not less than 10%, the single pass large rolling rate of at least 2 passes is not less than 110mm, and the rolling speed is 1.0m/s when the rolling speed is the maximum rolling rate.
Sixth step: the intermediate billet after cogging is conveyed to a continuous rolling unit after hydraulic shearing, the rolling is carried out for 6 times, the rolling start temperature of continuous rolling is 980-1020 ℃, the rolling finish temperature is more than 950 ℃, and the rolling process is as follows:
seventh step: after sawing, the metal saw is cooled by a stepping cooling bed, the slow cooling pit entering temperature is 500-550 ℃, the slow cooling time is 72 hours, and the pit exiting temperature is less than 200 ℃.
Eighth step: and (5) after the pit is removed, manually spreading and checking, and performing ultrasonic flaw detection. The flaw detection qualification rate of GB/T4162B grade is 99.8 percent.
Referring to fig. 1-4, hexahedral units are selected for the dispersion of the deformed bodies, and the influence of the reduction and the rolling speed on the core strain of the rolled material is compared respectively. As can be seen from fig. 1, under the same conditions, the equivalent strains of the core were 0.314 and 0.144 when the reduction amounts were 120mm and 60mm, respectively. As can be seen from FIG. 2, under the same conditions, the core strains were 0.071 and 0.103, respectively, at rolling speeds of 1.0m/s and 3.5m/s, respectively. The results show that increasing single pass reduction and decreasing rolling speed can increase the equivalent strain of the core, which is very advantageous for the weld of core defects.
Claims (2)
1. A rolling method of 20MnCr5 gear steel comprises continuous casting, heating, rolling and cooling, and is characterized in that: the mass percentages of the chemical components are as follows: c:0.17 to 0.22, si:0.20 to 0.40, mn:1.10 to 1.40, cr: 1.00-1.30, P: less than or equal to 0.025, S: less than or equal to 0.035 percent, cu:0.01 to 0.04, ni:0.01 to 0.10, mo:0.01 to 0.05, and the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities;
continuous casting: the specification of the continuous casting blank is phi 600mm, the continuous casting blank adopts a hot charging or slow cooling process, the hot charging temperature is more than or equal to 650 ℃ during hot charging, the temperature of a slow cooling pit is more than or equal to 650 ℃ during slow cooling process, and the pit discharging temperature is less than 200 ℃;
heating: the temperature of the soaking section is 1150-1260 ℃, and the tapping temperature is 1240-1260 ℃;
rolling: the rolling temperature of the cogging mill is 1080-1180 ℃, the rolling start temperature of continuous rolling is 980-1020 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is more than 950 ℃; the rolling speed of the cogging mill is 1.0-1.5 m/s, the cogging mill rolls for 9-11 times, the rolling reduction rate of the 1-4 times is more than or equal to 12%, the average rolling reduction rate of the 5-8 times is more than or equal to 18%, and the rolling reduction of two single times is not less than 110mm; 4-6 continuous rolling passes, wherein the average elongation coefficient is greater than 1.13; the specification of the finished product is phi 200 mm-phi 300mm;
and (3) cooling: the rolled material is put into a slow cooling pit at the temperature of 500-600 ℃ and is slowly cooled for 55-72 h.
2. A 20MnCr5 gear steel rolling method according to claim 1, wherein: the heating: and (3) hot charging of the continuous casting blank: the hot charging temperature is more than or equal to 650 ℃, the preheating zone temperature is less than or equal to 850 ℃, and the heating time is more than 9 hours; and (3) during cold charging of the continuous casting blank: the temperature of the preheating zone is less than or equal to 700 ℃, and the heating time is more than 13h.
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2022
- 2022-08-31 CN CN202211055981.0A patent/CN115491592B/en active Active
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