CN115490516A - Method for forming piezoelectric ceramic powder by piezoelectric ceramic rapid solid-phase reaction method, method for manufacturing composite rubber vibration isolation system and application - Google Patents
Method for forming piezoelectric ceramic powder by piezoelectric ceramic rapid solid-phase reaction method, method for manufacturing composite rubber vibration isolation system and application Download PDFInfo
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- C04B35/49—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates containing also titanium oxides or titanates
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for forming piezoelectric ceramic powder by using a piezoelectric ceramic rapid solid-phase reaction method, a method for manufacturing a composite rubber vibration isolation system and application thereof, and Pb is used 0.74 Sr x Ba 0.26‑x (Zr 54 Ti 46 ) 0.99 (Sb 58 Nb 42 ) 0.01 O 3 Wherein x =0.03-0.08, adding 0.2wt% CaCO 3 And 0.05wt% CdCO 3 The piezoelectric ceramic powder is prepared by a rapid solid-phase reaction method after doping, the glue discharging process is omitted while glue does not need to be added, the energy loss is reduced, and pollution is relieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for forming piezoelectric ceramic powder by using a piezoelectric ceramic rapid solid-phase reaction method, a method for manufacturing a composite rubber vibration isolation system and application.
Background
The vibration energy brought by the continuous progress of scientific technology and the continuous development of traffic technology has adverse effect on the building foundation and even influences the normal life of surrounding residents, so that the vibration isolation material becomes more important, and the vibration isolation material is widely applied to vibration isolation and noise reduction in the fields of traffic equipment, production appliances, building foundations, household appliances, military affairs and the like. However, the traditional rubber vibration isolation technology cannot meet the existing vibration isolation target, higher requirements are provided for vibration isolation materials, and new requirements for the vibration isolation materials can be met only by continuously improving the vibration isolation effect.
The piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material obtained by mixing the piezoelectric ceramic and the rubber according to a certain proportion can absorb part of vibration energy and convert the vibration energy into electric energy, and finally dissipate the electric energy in the form of heat energy, so that a better vibration isolation effect is achieved; however, the conventional solid-phase reaction method for manufacturing piezoelectric ceramic powder has many disadvantages: (1) The processing period is long, the yield is low, the cost is high, and the large-scale construction cannot be met. (2) The conventional solid-phase reaction method needs to add glue, and waste gas generated in the glue discharging link pollutes the environment. (3) The loss rate of the centrifugal granulation link in the conventional solid-phase reaction method is about 50 percent.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for forming piezoelectric ceramic powder by using a piezoelectric ceramic rapid solid-phase reaction method, which does not need to add glue and simultaneously omits the glue discharging process, reduces the energy loss and relieves the pollution; the method for manufacturing the composite rubber vibration isolation system has better vibration isolation effect of the piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a process for preparing piezoelectric ceramic powder from Pb by quick solid-phase reaction of piezoelectric ceramic 0.74 Sr x Ba 0.26-x (Zr 54 Ti 46 ) 0.99 (Sb 58 Nb 42 ) 0.01 O 3 Wherein x =0.03-0.08, adding 0.2wt% CaCO 3 And 0.05wt% CdCO 3 Doping, and preparing the piezoelectric ceramic powder by a rapid solid-phase reaction method.
Further, the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparing materials: proportioning by a high-precision electronic balance according to the formula;
(2) Primary ball milling: adding the raw materials into a planetary ball mill, starting the planetary ball mill to rotate and simultaneously revolve, continuously colliding zirconium balls during rotation, and grinding the raw materials to be less than 10 mu m so as to fully mix the raw materials;
(3) Pre-burning: drying the raw materials subjected to primary ball milling, placing the raw materials in a presintering furnace, setting the presintering temperature at 980-1080 ℃, and performing sealed sintering to enable raw material powder to perform primary reaction;
(4) Secondary ball milling: performing secondary ball milling on the raw material powder by adopting a wet ball milling method, grinding the raw material powder to be less than 10 mu m, and fully mixing the raw material powder;
(5) Molding: placing the raw material powder subjected to secondary ball milling in a die, and selecting a tablet press corresponding to the die for compression molding, wherein the pressure is 1.5t/cm & lt 2 & gt, and the pressure maintaining time is about 30s, so as to form a cake-shaped raw material;
(6) Cold isostatic pressing: hermetically packaging the cake-shaped raw material, placing the cake-shaped raw material in a cold isostatic press, setting the hydraulic pressure at 225MPa, gradually pressurizing, setting certain pressure maintaining time, and decompressing in stages.
(7) And (3) sintering: the cake-shaped raw material is placed in a burning furnace, and the sintering temperature is set to be 1300-1380 ℃.
(8) Crushing: and crushing the cake-shaped raw material prepared by sintering into powdery particles to form the piezoelectric ceramic powder.
Further, the wet planetary ball milling medium in the step (4) is deionized water.
A method for manufacturing a composite rubber vibration isolation system by using piezoelectric ceramic powder formed by a piezoelectric ceramic rapid solid-phase reaction method mixes the piezoelectric ceramic powder and rubber to form a composite rubber vibration isolation belt.
Further, the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparation of piezoelectric ceramic powder: the raw materials are well matched according to the formula, and the piezoelectric ceramic powder is prepared by utilizing a rapid solid-phase reaction method.
(2) Mixing piezoelectric ceramic powder and rubber: the piezoelectric ceramic powder and the rubber are mixed according to the proportion to form the piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material.
(3) Polarization of the piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material: polarizing the piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material, wherein the intensity of polarized electric field is 6kV/mm-7.5kV/mm; the polarization time is 15min; the polarization temperature is 60-80 deg.C.
Further, the piezoelectric ceramic powder and the rubber in the step (2) are mixed by a direct blending method to obtain the piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material.
Further, in the step (2), 2wt% of accelerator, 2wt% of anti-aging agent and 3wt% of coupling agent are used as doping modification materials in the mixing of the piezoelectric ceramic and the rubber.
Furthermore, the content of the piezoelectric ceramic powder is 40-60%.
The application of the composite rubber vibration isolation system as the vibration isolation of the pile foundation engineering, and the application of the piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material formed by the method for manufacturing the composite rubber vibration isolation system in the pile foundation engineering.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with the piezoelectric ceramic manufactured by the traditional solid phase reaction method, the piezoelectric ceramic powder manufactured by the rapid solid phase reaction method does not need to add glue, omits the glue discharging process, reduces the energy loss and reduces the environmental pollution.
2. The final product of the invention is powder piezoelectric ceramics, which reduces the requirement of tabletting and forming and the compactness of cake raw materials, thus reducing the centrifugal granulation link of the traditional solid phase reaction method and greatly reducing the loss rate of the materials.
3. Compared with the traditional solid-phase reaction method, the rapid solid-phase reaction method simplifies 3 processing techniques, reduces the time cost by 22.2 percent, reduces the water and electricity consumption by about 46 percent, does not reduce the piezoelectric property and improves the economic benefit.
4. The rapid solid-phase reaction method is only suitable for piezoelectric ceramic powder which does not need to be formed and is used for doping piezoelectric composite materials, such as cement-based piezoelectric materials, polymer-based piezoelectric materials, rubber-based piezoelectric materials and the like.
5. The piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material is formed by mixing the piezoelectric ceramic powder and the rubber, and has better vibration isolation effect than the traditional rubber material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for manufacturing composite ceramic powder using a rapid solid-phase reaction method;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a process of manufacturing a piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material by a rapid solid-phase reaction method of piezoelectric ceramics;
FIG. 3 is a table comparing parameters of piezoelectric properties between conventional solid-phase reaction method and rapid solid-phase reaction method for piezoelectric ceramics;
FIG. 4 is a table of performance parameters of piezoelectric ceramic powder manufactured by a rapid solid phase method;
FIG. 5 is a detailed list of primary devices;
FIG. 6 is a raw material list;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite;
FIG. 8 is a top view of a four-pile cap used in a piezoelectric ceramic rapid solid phase reaction method to manufacture a composite rubber vibration isolation system;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite rubber vibration isolation system manufactured by a piezoelectric ceramic rapid solid-phase reaction method in a four-pile bearing platform.
Reference numerals are as follows: 1. a high-precision electronic balance scale; 2. a ball milling tank; 3. a planetary ball mill; 4. pre-burning the furnace; 6. a tablet press; 7. a cold isostatic press; 8. a hydraulic tank; 9. sintering furnace; 10. a crusher.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
Referring to FIGS. 1 to 6, in one embodiment of a method for forming a piezoelectric ceramic powder using a rapid solid-phase reaction of a piezoelectric ceramic, pb is added 0.74 Sr x Ba 0.26-x (Zr 54 Ti 46 ) 0.99 (Sb 58 Nb 42 ) 0.01 O 3 Wherein x =0.03-0.08, adding 0.2wt% CaCO 3 And 0.05wt% CdCO 3 Doping, and preparing the piezoelectric ceramic powder by a rapid solid-phase reaction method.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparing materials: proportioning by a high-precision electronic balance according to the formula;
(2) Primary ball milling: adding the raw materials into a planetary ball mill, starting the planetary ball mill to rotate and simultaneously revolve, continuously colliding zirconium balls during rotation, and grinding the raw materials to be less than 10 mu m so as to fully mix the raw materials;
(3) Pre-burning: drying the raw materials subjected to primary ball milling, placing the raw materials in a presintering furnace at the presintering temperature of 980-1080 ℃, and performing sealed sintering to enable raw material powder to perform primary reaction;
(4) Secondary ball milling: performing secondary ball milling on the raw material powder by adopting a wet ball milling method, grinding the raw material powder to be less than 10 mu m, and fully mixing the raw material powder;
(5) Molding: placing the raw material powder subjected to secondary ball milling in a die, and selecting a tablet press corresponding to the die for compression molding, wherein the pressure is 1.5t/cm & lt 2 & gt, and the pressure maintaining time is about 30s, so as to form a cake-shaped raw material;
(6) Cold isostatic pressing: hermetically packaging the cake-shaped raw material, placing the cake-shaped raw material in a cold isostatic press, setting the hydraulic pressure at 225MPa, gradually pressurizing, setting certain pressure maintaining time, and decompressing in stages.
(7) And (3) sintering: the cake-shaped raw material is placed in a burning furnace, and the sintering temperature is set to be 1300-1380 ℃.
(8) Crushing: and crushing the cake-shaped raw material prepared by sintering into powder particles to form the piezoelectric ceramic powder.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the wet planetary ball milling medium in the step (4) is deionized water.
The improvement is as follows: as shown in fig. 1-6: with Pb 0.74 Sr 0.05 Ba 0.21 (Zr 54 Ti 46 ) 0.99 (Sb 58 Nb 42 ) 0.01 O 3 Compounding according to the chemical formula, and adding 0.2wt% of CaCO 3 And 0.05wt% CdCO 3 Further doping, preparing 1.5kg of mixture by adopting a high-precision electronic balance, placing the mixture into a ball milling tank, adding 1.312kg of deionized water, placing the four ball milling tanks on a planetary ball mill, fixing an upper fixing device in a clockwise direction, carrying out revolution while the planetary ball mill rotates, continuously colliding zirconium balls in rotation, grinding the raw materials to be less than 10 mu m, and carrying out forward and reverse grinding for 7 hours to fully mix the raw materials, wherein the component precision of the mixture is 0.001 g; drying the raw materials after the first ball milling, manually rolling the raw material blocks into powder with moderate particle size, placing the raw materials in a circular crucible, manufacturing a closed space by using a circular crucible cover,the crucible is placed in a presintering furnace when the requirement of closed sintering is met, the presintering temperature is 20 ℃ from room temperature, the temperature rising speed is not more than 2.5 ℃ per minute, when the temperature rises to 980-1080 ℃, the temperature is preserved for 150min, the heating is stopped after the temperature preservation is finished, and the crucible is slowly cooled to room temperature, so that the raw materials are subjected to primary reaction; crushing the pre-sintered raw materials into small particles, placing the small particles in a ball milling tank 2, adding 1.5kg of raw materials into each tank, adding 0.745kg of deionized water, performing secondary ball milling, performing wet ball milling on the secondary ball milling to enable the raw materials to be more easily ground and accelerate the grinding efficiency, grinding the raw materials to be less than 10 mu m, and fully mixing the raw materials; drying the material water subjected to secondary ball milling, crushing the raw material into powder by using a crusher, placing the raw material powder into a die, selecting a tablet press corresponding to the die for press forming, weighing 202.3g of powder by using a 65mm die, adding the powder into the die, pressurizing at 15MPa for 30s to form a cake-shaped raw material block, hermetically packaging the cake-shaped raw material block by using a transparent preservative film, placing the cake-shaped raw material block into a hydraulic tank, setting the hydraulic pressure at 225MPa, pressurizing in two stages, setting the pressure maintaining time for 10min, decompressing in stages, placing the cake-shaped raw material into a square crucible, performing inverted closed sintering, starting from the room temperature of 20 ℃, increasing the temperature at a speed of no more than 2 ℃ per minute, performing heat preservation for 180min after the temperature is increased to 1300-1380 ℃, stopping heating after the heat preservation is finished, slowly cooling to the room temperature, crushing the cake-shaped raw material block prepared by sintering into piezoelectric ceramic powder, preparing the piezoelectric ceramic powder by using a rapid solid phase reaction method, preparing the piezoelectric ceramic powder by using the rapid solid phase reaction method, wherein the total 8 processes are simplified by using the 3 secondary ball milling processes respectively before the conventional solid phase reaction method; centrifugal granulation; discharging glue; the period of manufacturing the piezoelectric ceramic powder by the conventional solid-phase reaction method is about 18 days, while the construction period of manufacturing the piezoelectric ceramic powder by the rapid solid-phase reaction method is about 14 days, so that the labor cost is saved by 22.2 percent; in terms of energy consumption, the rapid solid-phase reaction method for manufacturing the piezoelectric ceramic powder simplifies 3 processes, and saves water and electricity consumption by about 46 percent.
Referring to fig. 2 and 7, a method for manufacturing a composite rubber vibration isolation system by using piezoelectric ceramic powder formed by a rapid solid-phase reaction method of piezoelectric ceramics, the piezoelectric ceramic powder and rubber are mixed and compounded to form a piezoelectric ceramic rubber material.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparation of piezoelectric ceramic powder: the raw materials are well matched according to the formula, and the piezoelectric ceramic powder is prepared by utilizing a rapid solid-phase reaction method.
(2) Mixing piezoelectric ceramic powder and rubber: the piezoelectric ceramic powder and the rubber are mixed according to the proportion to form the piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material.
(3) Polarization of the piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material: polarizing the piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material, wherein the intensity of polarized electric field is 6kV/mm-7.5kV/mm; the polarization time is 15min; the polarization temperature is 60-80 deg.C.
And (3) mixing the piezoelectric ceramic powder and the rubber in the step (2) by adopting a direct blending method to obtain the piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material.
The piezoelectric ceramic in the step (2) is mixed with rubber, and the mixture also comprises 2wt% of accelerator, 2wt% of anti-aging agent and 3wt% of coupling agent as doping modification materials.
The content of the piezoelectric ceramic powder is 40-60%.
The improvement is as follows: as shown in fig. 2 and 7: the piezoelectric ceramic powder is prepared by a rapid solid-phase reaction method, the rapid solid-phase reaction method is only suitable for piezoelectric ceramic powder which is not required to be molded and is used for doping of piezoelectric composite materials, such as cement-based piezoelectric materials, polymer-based piezoelectric materials, rubber-based piezoelectric materials and the like, 40-60% of piezoelectric ceramic powder is adopted, 50% of piezoelectric ceramic powder and 50% of rubber materials are adopted to be mixed by a direct mixing method, 2wt% of accelerant DM, 2wt% of anti-aging agent DNP and 3wt% of vinyl triethoxysilane can be added to form the piezoelectric rubber mixed material, the piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material is placed in an oil bath for polarization, the oil bath temperature is 60 ℃, direct current voltage is adopted for polarization, the polarization voltage is 6kV/mm, the voltage is kept for 15min, and the piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material after polarization is prepared has piezoelectric property.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9: an application of a composite rubber vibration isolation system as vibration isolation of pile foundation engineering, in particular to an application of a piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material formed by a method for manufacturing the composite rubber vibration isolation system in the pile foundation engineering.
The improvement is as follows: as shown in fig. 8 and 9: the piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material is suitable for the foundation of a four-pile bearing platform, after pile foundation engineering is completed, a cushion layer is laid firstly to obtain a regular plane, then the piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material is laid around the cushion layer and a foundation pit to form a semi-surrounding structure, then steel bars at the bottom of the foundation pit are laid, vibration load transmitted by an upper structure is conducted to the foundation pit, partial vibration energy can be absorbed and converted into electric energy by the piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material, and finally the electric energy is dissipated in a heat energy mode to achieve a better vibration isolation effect.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for forming piezoelectric ceramic powder by using a piezoelectric ceramic rapid solid-phase reaction method is characterized in that: mixing Pb 0.74 Sr x Ba 0.26-x (Zr 54 Ti 46 ) 0.99 (Sb 58 Nb 42 ) 0.01 O 3 Wherein x =0.03-0.08, adding 0.2wt% CaCO 3 And 0.05wt% CdCO 3 Doping, and preparing the piezoelectric ceramic powder by a rapid solid-phase reaction method.
2. The method for forming a piezoelectric ceramic powder according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparing materials: proportioning by a high-precision electronic balance according to the formula;
(2) Primary ball milling: adding the raw materials into a planetary ball mill, starting the planetary ball mill to revolve while rotating, continuously colliding zirconium balls during rotation, and grinding the raw materials to be less than 10 mu m so as to fully mix the raw materials;
(3) Pre-burning: drying the raw materials subjected to primary ball milling, placing the raw materials in a presintering furnace, setting the presintering temperature at 980-1080 ℃, and performing sealed sintering to enable raw material powder to perform primary reaction;
(4) Secondary ball milling: performing secondary ball milling on the raw material powder by adopting a wet ball milling method, grinding the raw material powder to be less than 10 mu m, and fully mixing the raw material powder;
(5) Molding: placing the raw material powder subjected to secondary ball milling into a die, and selecting a tablet press corresponding to the die for compression molding, wherein the pressure is 1.5t/cm & lt 2 & gt, and the pressure maintaining time is about 30s, so as to form a cake-shaped raw material;
(6) Cold isostatic pressing: hermetically packaging the cake-shaped raw material, placing the cake-shaped raw material in a cold isostatic press, setting the hydraulic pressure at 225MPa, gradually pressurizing, setting certain pressure maintaining time, and decompressing in stages.
(7) And (3) sintering: the cake-shaped raw material is placed in a sintering furnace, and the sintering temperature is set to be 1300-1380 ℃.
(8) Crushing: and crushing the cake-shaped raw material prepared by sintering into powder particles to form the piezoelectric ceramic powder.
3. The method for forming a piezoelectric ceramic powder according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the method is characterized in that: the wet planetary ball milling medium in the step (4) is deionized water.
4. A method of manufacturing a composite rubber vibration isolation system, comprising: the piezoelectric ceramic powder prepared by the method for forming piezoelectric ceramic powder by using the rapid solid-phase reaction method of piezoelectric ceramic according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is mixed with rubber to be compounded to form the piezoelectric ceramic rubber material.
5. A method of manufacturing a composite rubber vibration isolation system according to claim 4, wherein: the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparation of piezoelectric ceramic powder: the raw materials are well matched according to the formula, and the piezoelectric ceramic powder is prepared by utilizing a rapid solid-phase reaction method.
(2) Mixing piezoelectric ceramic powder and rubber: the piezoelectric ceramic powder and the rubber are doped and mixed according to a ratio to form the piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material.
(3) Polarization of the piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material: polarizing the piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material, wherein the intensity of polarized electric field is 6kV/mm-7.5kV/mm; the polarization time is 15min; the polarization temperature is 60-80 deg.C.
6. A method of manufacturing a composite rubber vibration isolation system according to claim 5, wherein: and (3) mixing the piezoelectric ceramic powder and the rubber material in the step (2) by adopting a direct blending method to obtain the piezoelectric ceramic rubber composite material.
7. A method of manufacturing a composite rubber vibration isolation system according to claim 6, wherein: the piezoelectric ceramic and the rubber in the step (2) are mixed, and 2wt% of accelerator, 2wt% of anti-aging agent and 3wt% of coupling agent are used as doping modification materials.
8. A method of manufacturing a composite rubber vibration isolation system according to claim 6 or 7, wherein: the content of the piezoelectric ceramic powder is 40-60%.
9. The utility model provides an application of compound rubber vibration isolation system as pile foundation engineering vibration isolation which characterized in that: use of a piezo-electric ceramic rubber composite formed by a method of manufacturing a composite rubber vibration isolation system according to any of claims 4 to 8 in pile foundation engineering.
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