CN113979704B - Preparation method of water conservancy seepage-proofing brick - Google Patents

Preparation method of water conservancy seepage-proofing brick Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113979704B
CN113979704B CN202111436916.8A CN202111436916A CN113979704B CN 113979704 B CN113979704 B CN 113979704B CN 202111436916 A CN202111436916 A CN 202111436916A CN 113979704 B CN113979704 B CN 113979704B
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mixture
brick
seepage
water conservancy
foam
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CN113979704A (en
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赵九野
崔春义
于春阳
黄舒琦
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Dalian Maritime University
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Dalian Maritime University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/08Slag cements
    • C04B28/082Steelmaking slags; Converter slags
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/02Selection of the hardening environment
    • C04B40/0231Carbon dioxide hardening
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/02Selection of the hardening environment
    • C04B40/024Steam hardening, e.g. in an autoclave
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00241Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00293Materials impermeable to liquids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a water conservancy seepage-proofing brick, which comprises the following steps: s1: uniformly mixing the raw materials, adding water, and stirring to obtain flowing slurry; s2: adding air foam into the flowing slurry to prepare a foam mixture; s3: placing the foam mixture in a steam curing box to carry out pre-steam curing treatment according to a steam curing system; s4: drying the cured foam mixture to constant weight to obtain a dried foam mixture; s5: crushing the dried foaming mixture, adjusting the water content of the mixture, uniformly mixing the mixture, and performing pressure forming to obtain a green brick; s6: and carbonizing the demolded green brick to obtain the anti-seepage brick. The mixture of the bentonite and the fine soil of the dredged material has enhanced air permeability, and the matrix of the fine soil is more compact after the particles of the fine soil are compacted. The invention adopts a carbonization and solidification mode, is low-carbon and environment-friendly and is more efficient. The anti-seepage brick prepared by the preparation method has the advantages of high compressive strength, good stability and good freezing resistance.

Description

Preparation method of water conservancy seepage-proofing brick
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of impermeable bricks used in hydraulic engineering, in particular to a preparation method of a water conservancy impermeable brick.
Background
At present, most of hydraulic engineering such as ports, rivers, dams and channels and the like in China still adopt the traditional block stone masonry and concrete pouring process, and with the rapid development of hydraulic engineering construction in China, the demand on construction materials is increasing day by day.
On one hand, ports, channels and rivers in China need to be dredged every year to maintain the dredging depth, and the annual discharge amount of dredging sludge generated by dredging engineering can reach one hundred million tons.
At present, the conventional soil body curing agent mainly comprises cement and quicklime, but cement production has the characteristics of high energy consumption and high emission, and research shows that 0.85 ton of carbon dioxide needs to be emitted into the atmosphere when 1 ton of cement is produced, and carbon dioxide emitted by the cement industry accounts for about 10% of carbon dioxide artificially emitted worldwide.
In addition, the mixture of the bentonite and the fine soil of the dredged materials has extremely low air permeability, and the direct carbonization treatment can cause extremely low carbonization efficiency of the steel slag, thereby greatly reducing the performance of the carbonized bricks. Therefore, based on the above consideration, how to change waste into valuable and use local materials is a problem to be solved urgently by scientific researchers in the field. In order to realize sustainable utilization of resources and reduce consumption of native resources, the generation of a novel anti-seepage material is imminent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a water conservancy seepage-proofing brick, which aims to overcome the technical problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a water conservancy impermeable brick comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing raw materials, adding water, and stirring to obtain flowing slurry, wherein the raw materials comprise fine-grained soil, bentonite and steel slag;
s2: adding air foam into the flowing slurry to prepare a foam mixture; the air foam is foam obtained by physically foaming a surfactant;
s3: placing the foam mixture in a steam curing box to carry out pre-steam curing treatment according to a steam curing system;
s4: drying the cured foam mixture to constant weight to obtain a dried foam mixture;
s5: crushing the dried foaming mixture, adjusting the water content of the mixture, uniformly mixing the mixture, and performing pressure forming to obtain a green brick;
s6: and carbonizing the demolded green brick to obtain the anti-seepage brick.
Further, the fine-grained soil is fine-grained dredged soil with the diameter less than or equal to 5mm after mechanical dehydration and particle size screening in the dredging engineering.
Further, the bentonite is calcium bentonite, and the proportion of calcium montmorillonite in the calcium bentonite is not less than 80%.
Further, the steel slag is BOF converter steel slag, and the specific surface area of the BOF converter steel slag after grinding is not less than 200m2/g。
Further, the raw materials respectively comprise the following components in percentage by mass: the proportion of the fine soil is 20-30%; the steel slag accounts for 60-75 percent; the proportion of the bentonite is 5-10%.
Further, in the S3, the steam-curing system is that the steam-curing temperature is not lower than 60 ℃, the relative humidity is not lower than 95%, and the steam-curing time is 48 hours; the resulting chemical equation is as follows:
3CaO·SiO2+nH2O→xCaO·SiO2·yH2O+(3-x)Ca(OH)2 (1)
2CaO·SiO2+nH2O→xCaO·SiO2·yH2O+(2-x)Ca(OH)2 (2)。
further, in S4, the temperature at which the cured foam mixture is dried is 60 ℃.
Further, in the step S5, the water content is adjusted to be between 15% and 25%, and the pressure for pressure molding after uniform mixing is not less than 2 MPa.
Further, in S6, the time for carbonizing the green brick is not less than 2h, and the generated chemical formula is as follows:
Ca(OH)2+CO2→CaCO3+H2O (3)
Ca-silicates+CO2→CaCO3+SiO2 (4)。
has the advantages that: according to the preparation method of the water conservancy seepage-proofing brick, the air foam is added into the mixture of the fine-grained soil, the bentonite and the steel slag, so that the air permeability of the mixture of the fine-grained soil of the bentonite and the dredged materials is enhanced, the hydroxyl group released by the steel slag increases the alkalinity of the matrix water environment through pre-steam curing treatment, the electric double layer of the dredged fine-grained soil and the organic matter floccule are favorably damaged, and the matrix is more compact after the particles of the fine-grained soil are rearranged. Meanwhile, hexagonal platy calcium hydroxide with larger size can be fully generated in the steel slag through pre-steaming treatment, and the platy calcium hydroxide with large size provides a certain gas transmission path for the compacted mixed matrix in the carbonization treatment process. The invention adopts a carbonization and solidification mode, is low-carbon and environment-friendly and is more efficient. The anti-seepage brick prepared by the method has high compressive strength, good stability and good freezing resistance.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a water conservancy impermeable brick, which comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing dredged fine-grained soil, bentonite and steel slag, adding water, and stirring to obtain flowing slurry (wherein the amount of the added water depends on the liquid limit water content of the dredged fine-grained soil); specifically, the mass ratio of each raw material is as follows: the proportion of the fine soil is 20-30%; the steel slag accounts for 60-75 percent; the proportion of the bentonite is 5-10%. Wherein the fine-grained soil is the fine-grained dredged soil after mechanical dehydration and particle size screening in the dredging engineering. The bentonite is calcium bentonite, and the proportion of the calcium montmorillonite is not less than 80%. The steel slag is BOF converter steel slag, and the specific surface area is not less than 200m after grinding2/g。
S2: adding air foam into the flowing slurry to prepare a foam mixture;
s3: placing the foam mixture in a steam curing box to carry out pre-steam curing treatment according to a steam curing system; the steam curing system is that the steam curing temperature is not lower than 60 ℃, the relative humidity is not lower than 95%, the steam curing time is 48h, and the generated chemical equation is as follows:
3CaO·SiO2+nH2O→xCaO·SiO2·yH2O+(3-x)Ca(OH)2 (1)
2CaO·SiO2+nH2O→xCaO·SiO2·yH2O+(2-x)Ca(OH)2 (2)。
s4: placing the cured foam mixture in a drying oven at 60 ℃ for drying to constant weight to obtain a dried foam mixture; the dried foaming mixture has light weight and is convenient to transport, and simultaneously can block the doped steel slag from continuing hydration and air carbonization so as to retain the carbonization activity of the steel slag to the maximum extent. Specifically, the foamed mixture may be dried naturally in a storage yard, or dried by using low-temperature alternating-current hot air to assist the foamed mixture.
S5: crushing the dried foaming mixture, adjusting the water content of the dried foaming mixture to enable the water content of the dried foaming mixture to be between 15 and 25, uniformly mixing the mixture, and performing pressure forming under the pressure of not less than 2MPa to obtain a green brick; since the moisture content of the dried foamed mixture is considered to be zero, the adjustment of the moisture content is performed by adding water when the foamed mixture is compacted and molded in a factory. If the strength of the dried foaming mixture after being compacted and carbonized into a green brick can not meet the application scene, steel slag can be added in the process of producing the brick to improve the strength and durability of the green brick.
S6: carbonizing the demolded green brick for not less than 2 hours to obtain the impermeable brick, wherein the generated chemical equation is as follows:
Ca(OH)2+CO2→CaCO3+H2O (3)
Ca-silicates+CO2→CaCO3+SiO2 (4)。
in particular, in order to meet the requirements of saving energy and reducing emission advocated in China, the invention adopts a mode of carbonization and solidification which is lower in carbon, more environment-friendly and more efficient. The carbonization and solidification is an efficient solidification technology, the carbonized product is filled with gelling calcium carbonate/magnesium growing in pores, so that the compactness is outstanding, and on the other hand, the bentonite can play a barrier role to greatly reduce the permeability of the anti-seepage brick. However, the mixture of the fine particles of bentonite and dredged materials has very low air permeability, and the direct carbonization treatment results in very low carbonization efficiency of the steel slag, which greatly reduces the performance of the carbonized bricks. Therefore, the invention leads the air permeability of the mixture of the bentonite and the fine soil of the dredged materials to be enhanced by introducing the air foam, and avoids the problems that the carbonization efficiency of the steel slag is extremely low and the performance of the carbonized brick is greatly reduced due to the direct carbonization treatment.
Specifically, in the process of pre-steaming and curing the foam mixture, the alkalinity of the matrix water environment is increased by hydroxyl released by steel slag, which is beneficial to destroying double electric layers and organic matter floccules of dredged fine soil, so that particles of the dredged fine soil are rearranged and the matrix is more compact after compaction. On the other hand, hexagonal plate-shaped calcium hydroxide with larger size can be fully generated in the steel slag through the pre-steaming treatment, and the large-size plate-shaped calcium hydroxide provides a certain gas transmission path for the compacted mixed matrix in the carbonization treatment process. The key to the implementation of the pretreatment is the shortage of the active silicon component of the steel slag, namely, most of calcium ions dissolved out during the pre-steaming period form calcium hydroxide precipitates, and gelling products such as hydrated calcium silicate with high specific surface area are rarely generated.
Example 1:
raw materials: 2500kg of dredged fine soil, 1000kg of bentonite and 6500kg of steel slag
The raw materials are uniformly mixed, 1000kg of water is added while stirring, the mixture is uniformly stirred until the mixture becomes flowing slurry, and air foam is introduced into the slurry by a foaming machine until the slurry becomes foam. And then placing the foam mixture into a steam curing box according to a steam curing system, curing for 48 hours at a constant temperature of 60 ℃, placing the mixture into a 60 ℃ oven after curing, drying to constant weight, and taking out. And then crushing the dried foaming mixture, adding water to enable the water content to reach 15%, uniformly mixing the mixture, pressing the mixture into a brick blank of 240 x 115 x 53mm by an HF1280 type automatic hydraulic brick press under the pressure of not less than 2MPa, then sending the brick blank after demolding into a pressure carbonization kettle for carbonization, and slowly opening a kettle cover after 2 hours to obtain the anti-seepage brick. The detection shows that the compressive strength is 14.8MPa, the penetration depth is 1.6mm, the stability is good, and the freezing resistance is qualified.
Example 2:
raw materials: 2000kg of dredged fine-grained soil, 500kg of bentonite and 7500kg of steel slag
The raw materials are evenly mixed, 1000kg of water is added while stirring, the mixture is evenly stirred until the mixture becomes flowing slurry, and air foam is introduced into the slurry by a foaming machine until the slurry becomes foam. And then placing the foam mixture into a steam curing box according to a steam curing system, curing for 48 hours at a constant temperature of 60 ℃, placing the mixture into a 60 ℃ oven after curing, drying to constant weight, and taking out. And then crushing the dried foaming mixture, adding water to enable the water content to reach 15%, uniformly mixing the mixture, pressing the mixture into a brick blank of 240 x 115 x 53mm by an HF1280 type automatic hydraulic brick press under the pressure of not less than 2MPa, then sending the brick blank after demolding into a pressure carbonization kettle for carbonization, and slowly opening a kettle cover after 2 hours to obtain the anti-seepage brick. The detection shows that the compressive strength is 16.1MPa, the penetration depth is 2.1mm, the stability is good, and the freezing resistance is qualified.
Example 3:
raw materials: 2300kg of dredged fine soil, 700kg of bentonite and 7000kg of steel slag
The raw materials are uniformly mixed, 1000kg of water is added while stirring, the mixture is uniformly stirred until the mixture becomes flowing slurry, and air foam is introduced into the slurry by a foaming machine until the slurry becomes foam. And then placing the foam mixture into a steam curing box according to a steam curing system, curing for 48 hours at a constant temperature of 60 ℃, placing the mixture into a 60 ℃ oven after curing, drying to constant weight, and taking out. And then crushing the dried foaming mixture, adding water to enable the water content to reach 15%, uniformly mixing the mixture, pressing the mixture into a brick blank of 240 x 115 x 53mm by an HF1280 type automatic hydraulic brick press under the pressure of not less than 2MPa, then sending the brick blank after demolding into a pressure carbonization kettle for carbonization, and slowly opening a kettle cover after 2 hours to obtain the anti-seepage brick. The detection shows that the compressive strength is 15.6MPa, the penetration depth is 1.9mm, the stability is good, and the freezing resistance is qualified.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The preparation method of the water conservancy seepage-proofing brick is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: uniformly mixing raw materials, adding water, and stirring to obtain flowing slurry, wherein the raw materials comprise fine-grained soil, bentonite and steel slag;
s2: adding air foam into the flowing slurry to prepare a foam mixture; the air foam is foam obtained by physically foaming a surfactant;
s3: placing the foam mixture in a steam curing box to carry out pre-steam curing treatment according to a steam curing system;
s4: drying the cured foam mixture to constant weight to obtain a dried foam mixture;
s5: crushing the dried foaming mixture, adjusting the water content of the mixture, uniformly mixing the mixture, and performing pressure forming to obtain a green brick;
s6: and carbonizing the demolded green brick to obtain the anti-seepage brick.
2. The method for preparing water conservancy seepage-proofing bricks according to claim 1, wherein the fine-grained soil is fine-grained dredged soil with the diameter of less than or equal to 5mm after mechanical dehydration and particle size screening in dredging engineering.
3. The method for preparing a water conservancy seepage-proofing brick according to claim 1, wherein the bentonite is calcium bentonite, and the proportion of calcium montmorillonite in the calcium bentonite is not less than 80%.
4. The preparation method of the water conservancy seepage-proofing brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steel slag is BOF converter steel slag, and the specific surface area of the pulverized BOF converter steel slag is not less than 200m2/g。
5. The preparation method of the water conservancy impermeable brick according to claim 1, wherein the raw materials are respectively as follows by mass: the proportion of the fine soil is 20-30%; the steel slag accounts for 60-75 percent; the proportion of the bentonite is 5-10%.
6. The preparation method of the water conservancy seepage-proofing brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steam curing system in S3 is that the steam curing temperature is not lower than 60 ℃, the relative humidity is not lower than 95%, and the steam curing time is 48 hours; the resulting chemical equation is as follows:
3CaO·SiO2+nH2O→xCaO·SiO2·yH2O+(3-x)Ca(OH)2 (1)
2CaO·SiO2+nH2O→xCaO·SiO2·yH2O+(2-x)Ca(OH)2 (2)。
7. the method for preparing a water conservancy seepage-proofing brick according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the temperature for drying the cured foam mixture is 60 ℃.
8. The method for preparing a water conservancy seepage-proofing brick according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the water content is adjusted to be between 15% and 25%, and the pressure for pressure forming after uniform mixing is not less than 2 MPa.
9. The method for preparing a water conservancy seepage-proofing brick according to claim 1, wherein in the step S6, the time for carbonizing the green brick is not less than 2h, and the generated chemical formula is as follows:
Ca(OH)2+CO2→CaCO3+H2O (3)
Ca-silicates+CO2→CaCO3+SiO2 (4)。
CN202111436916.8A 2021-11-29 2021-11-29 Preparation method of water conservancy seepage-proofing brick Active CN113979704B (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001286896A (en) * 2000-04-04 2001-10-16 Kurita Water Ind Ltd Treatment method for night soil and septic tank sludge
CN111333286A (en) * 2020-03-19 2020-06-26 大连海事大学 Method for treating high-water-content sludge in storage yard

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PT3119730T (en) * 2014-03-21 2020-07-22 Carbicrete Inc Carbonate-bonded construction products from steel-making residues and method for making the same

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001286896A (en) * 2000-04-04 2001-10-16 Kurita Water Ind Ltd Treatment method for night soil and septic tank sludge
CN111333286A (en) * 2020-03-19 2020-06-26 大连海事大学 Method for treating high-water-content sludge in storage yard

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