CN115489184A - Tritium-proof wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Tritium-proof wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN115489184A
CN115489184A CN202210954572.8A CN202210954572A CN115489184A CN 115489184 A CN115489184 A CN 115489184A CN 202210954572 A CN202210954572 A CN 202210954572A CN 115489184 A CN115489184 A CN 115489184A
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tritium
wear
resistant
layer
composite material
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CN115489184B (en
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游国强
张静涛
杜长斌
陈光杰
金潮
蘧艳峰
马跃峰
吴尧
赵怀璞
刘凯
郑建国
赵凯杰
路文芳
杜旭红
朱波
路晶
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China Institute for Radiation Protection
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China Institute for Radiation Protection
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
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    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
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    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
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    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
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    • C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
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    • C08J2323/28—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment by reaction with halogens or halogen-containing compounds
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    • C08J2331/02—Characterised by the use of omopolymers or copolymers of esters of monocarboxylic acids
    • C08J2331/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl acetate
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    • C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
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    • C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2423/26—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
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    • C08J2427/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2427/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08J2427/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
    • C08J2427/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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Abstract

The invention relates to a tritium-proof wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: 1) Respectively granulating the wear-resistant layer and the tritium-resistant layer by using granulation equipment, and co-extruding to form a film material; 2) The reinforcing layer is made of a textile of plain weave; 3) And (3) bonding a thin film material formed by co-extruding the anti-wear layer material and the tritium-resistant layer material with a reinforcing layer material to form the tritium-resistant wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material. The polymer composite material can be used for manufacturing an anti-tritium gas curtain in a tritium environment and can also be used as a foot protection material of an anti-tritium protection garment.

Description

Tritium-proof wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of radiation protection materials, and particularly relates to a tritium-proof wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The radiobiological characteristics of tritium show that tritium can be subjected to exchange reaction with water and isotopes in organisms, exists in air, water, a real object and all organisms, is combined with DNA and RNA in cells, directly generates irradiation effect and generates radiation hazard to human bodies.
Tritium, english name: tritium, also known as deuterium, is one of the isotopes of hydrogen, with the element symbol T or 3H. Its nucleus is composed of a proton and two neutrons, and it is radioactive, and can decay with beta, half-life 12.43 years and atomic weight 3.016u. Tritium exists in nature in a very slight amount, is usually produced from a nuclear reaction, and is mainly used for a thermonuclear reaction. Tritium contamination has three characteristics: (1) exchange with isotope fast, tritium affinity and adsorption capacity are strong, and tritium affinity and adsorption capacity to different materials are different. (2) With a strong penetration capacity, tritium can not only be adsorbed on the material with which it is in contact, but also penetrate into it. (3) "transferability", i.e., "reproducibility" of soiling, of heavily tritiated surfaces which re-soil shortly after being scrubbed clean.
A tritium-proof gas curtain is emergency rescue individual protection equipment used in a tritium environment. At present, a composite material with tritium-proof and wear-resistant properties is needed, has strong breaking strength, and is suitable for manufacturing tritium-proof gas curtains in tritium environments.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a tritium-proof wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the material is suitable for manufacturing tritium-proof gas nets in tritium environments and can also be used as foot protection materials of tritium-proof protective clothing.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the tritium-proof wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material is of a five-layer structure and sequentially comprises a wear-resistant layer, a tritium-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a tritium-resistant layer and a wear-resistant layer from top to bottom, and is formed by adopting lamination and bonding processes.
Furthermore, the wear-resistant layer is composed of a film with good wear resistance and is mainly used for improving the wear resistance of the composite material;
the tritium-resistant layer material is composed of a tritium-resistant material and is mainly used for improving the tritium permeation resistance;
the reinforced layer material is composed of reinforced materials and is mainly used for improving the breaking strength.
Furthermore, transition layers are used among the wear-resistant layer, the tritium-resistant layer, the enhancement layer, the tritium-resistant layer and the wear-resistant layer, so that the functional layers are tightly combined.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the tritium-proof wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material, which comprises the following steps:
1) Respectively granulating the wear-resistant layer and the tritium-resistant layer by using granulation equipment, and co-extruding to form a film material;
2) The reinforcing layer is made of a textile of plain weave;
3) And bonding the anti-wear layer material, the tritium-resistant layer material and the reinforcement layer material to form the tritium-resistant and wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material.
Further, the wear-resistant layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40-95% of chlorinated polyethylene, 0-50% of chlorinated polyethylene, 0-4% of titanium oxide, 0-3% of zinc oxide and 0-3% of aluminum oxide.
Further, the tritium-resistant layer material is composed of polyvinylidene chloride.
Further, the reinforcing layer material is formed by interweaving one or two of poly (p-Phenylene Benzobisoxazole) (PBO) fibers or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers.
Further, the transition layer material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5-25% of ethyl acetate, 5-10% of polyethylene, 5-15% of polyvinyl chloride and 50% -85% of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer.
The invention has the following effects: by adopting the tritium-proof wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material and the preparation method thereof, a tritium-proof gas curtain in a tritium environment can be manufactured, and the tritium-proof wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material can also be used as a foot protection material of tritium-proof protective clothing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tritium-proof and wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
As shown in figure 1, the tritium-proof wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material is of a five-layer structure, sequentially comprises a wear-resistant layer, a tritium-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a tritium-resistant layer and a wear-resistant layer from top to bottom, and is formed by composite processing through a laminating and bonding process.
The invention utilizes the characteristic that tritium has lower permeation coefficient in a tritium-resistant layer to reduce the damage of tritium caused by internal irradiation, uses the wear-resistant layer to increase the wear-resistant performance of the composite material, and uses the enhancement layer to improve the fracture strength of the composite material.
Several examples of applications of the invention:
(1) The invention discloses a tritium-proof wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material which comprises a wear-resistant layer, a tritium-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a tritium-resistant layer and a wear-resistant layer, wherein the structural schematic diagram is shown in attached figure 1 in detail.
The wear-resistant layer is composed of a film with good wear resistance, and is mainly used for improving the wear resistance of the composite material.
The tritium-resistant layer material is composed of a tritium-resistant material and is mainly used for improving the tritium permeation resistance.
The reinforcing layer material is composed of a reinforcing material and is mainly used for improving the breaking strength.
Transition layers are used among the wear-resistant layer, the tritium-resistant layer, the enhancement layer, the tritium-resistant layer and the wear-resistant layer, so that the functional layers are tightly combined.
(2) The invention also provides a method for manufacturing the material.
In the processing process of the tritium-proof wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material, the process is as follows:
1) Respectively granulating the wear-resistant layer and the tritium-resistant layer by using granulation equipment, and co-extruding to form a film material;
2) The reinforcing layer is made of a textile of plain weave;
3) And bonding the anti-wear layer material, the tritium-resistant layer material and the reinforcement layer material to form the tritium-resistant and wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material.
(3) The functional layer comprises the following materials:
1) The wear-resistant layer mainly comprises polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyethylene, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide and other materials, wherein the polyvinyl chloride accounts for 40-95% (mass percent), the chlorinated polyethylene accounts for 0-50% (mass percent), the titanium oxide accounts for 0-4% (mass percent), the zinc oxide accounts for 0-3% (mass percent), and the aluminum oxide accounts for 0-3% (mass percent);
in this embodiment, the specific component ratios of the wear-resistant layer are as follows:
Figure BDA0003790762900000041
Figure BDA0003790762900000051
2) The tritium-resistant layer material consists of 100 percent (mass percentage) of polyvinylidene chloride;
3) The reinforced layer material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50-100% of poly (p-Phenylene Benzobisoxazole) (PBO) fiber and 0-50% of polyethylene terephthalate (PET);
in this embodiment, the specific component ratios of the reinforcing layer are as follows:
examples Poly (p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) Polyethylene terephthalate
1 60％ 40％
2 70％ 30％
3 100％ 0％
4 50％ 50％
4) The transition layer material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5-25% of ethyl acetate, 5-10% of polyethylene, 5-15% of polyvinyl chloride and 50% -85% of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer.
In this embodiment, the transition layer material comprises the following specific components in proportion:
examples Acetic acid ethyl ester Polyethylene Polyvinyl chloride Vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer
1 5％ 5％ 5％ 85％
2 15％ 5％ 10％ 70％
3 25％ 10％ 15％ 50％
4 20％ 10％ 15％ 55％
(4) The tritium-proof wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material has the following relevant technical indexes:
total thickness: less than or equal to 2mm;
tritium permeation prevention property: less than or equal to 5 multiplied by 10 -10 m 3 ·m -2 ·s -1 ；
Wear resistance: less than or equal to 0.03 g/(1 00r); the test method comprises the following steps: according to the standard of physical and chemical property test methods of artificial boards and facing artificial boards (GB/T17657-2013), the stripping force is as follows: not less than 40N/15mm;
breaking strength: more than or equal to 1500N/50mm;
the use temperature range is as follows: -20 ℃ to 45 ℃.
The wear resistance of the existing tritium-proof polymer composite material is 4 g/(1 00r); the test method comprises the following steps: reference is made to the standard test method for physical and chemical properties of artificial boards and facing artificial boards (GB/T17657-2013);
breaking strength: not less than 650N/50mm;
peeling force: not less than 1.8N/50mm;
tritium permeation prevention property: not more than 5X 10 -10 m 3 ·m -2 ·s -1 ；
The device according to the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described in the specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments according to the technical solutions of the present invention, and also belong to the technical innovation scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A tritium-proof wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material is characterized in that: the material adopts a five-layer structure and sequentially comprises a wear-resistant layer, a tritium resistance layer, a reinforcing layer, a tritium resistance layer and a wear-resistant layer from top to bottom, and the material is formed by composite processing through a laminating and bonding process.
2. The tritium-proof and wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the wear-resistant layer is composed of a film with better wear resistance and is mainly used for improving the wear resistance of the composite material;
the tritium-resistant layer material is composed of a tritium-resistant material and is mainly used for improving the tritium permeation resistance;
the reinforced layer material is composed of reinforced materials and is mainly used for improving the breaking strength.
3. The tritium-proof and wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: transition layers are used among the wear-resistant layer, the tritium-resistant layer, the enhancement layer, the tritium-resistant layer and the wear-resistant layer, so that the functional layers are tightly combined.
4. A method for preparing a tritium-proof wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
1) Respectively granulating the wear-resistant layer and the tritium-resistant layer by using granulation equipment, and co-extruding to form a film material;
2) The reinforcing layer is made of a textile of plain weave;
3) And bonding the anti-wear layer material, the tritium-resistant layer material and the reinforcement layer material to form the tritium-resistant and wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material.
5. The preparation method of the tritium-proof and wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material as claimed in claim 4, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the wear-resistant layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40-95% of polyvinyl chloride, 0-50% of chlorinated polyethylene, 0-4% of titanium oxide, 0-3% of zinc oxide and 0-3% of aluminum oxide.
6. The preparation method of the tritium-proof and wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material as claimed in claim 4, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the tritium-resistant layer material is composed of polyvinylidene chloride.
7. The preparation method of the tritium-proof and wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material as claimed in claim 4, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the reinforced layer material is formed by interweaving one or two of poly (p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fibers or poly (ethylene terephthalate) fibers.
8. The method for preparing the tritium-proof and wear-resistant reinforced polymer composite material as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: the transition layer material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5-25% of ethyl acetate, 5-10% of polyethylene, 5-15% of polyvinyl chloride and 50-85% of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer.
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Citations (9)

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