CN115488404A - Processing method of double-curvature milling skin - Google Patents

Processing method of double-curvature milling skin Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115488404A
CN115488404A CN202211196157.7A CN202211196157A CN115488404A CN 115488404 A CN115488404 A CN 115488404A CN 202211196157 A CN202211196157 A CN 202211196157A CN 115488404 A CN115488404 A CN 115488404A
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China
Prior art keywords
milling
chemical milling
skin
chemical
stretch
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CN202211196157.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张佳
於智良
金钊
刘剑超
曹祖权
董路
张大钧
张敏
郑文雅
李卓晨
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Shaanxi Aircraft Industry Co Ltd
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Shaanxi Aircraft Industry Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202211196157.7A priority Critical patent/CN115488404A/en
Publication of CN115488404A publication Critical patent/CN115488404A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C3/00Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of tool manufacturing, and particularly relates to a processing method of a hyperbolic milling skin; the method comprises the steps of firstly, designing a chemical milling process digifax and a die-blank process digifax respectively based on the digifax design process information of the hyperbolic skin part product; manufacturing a stretch-forming chemical milling mould according to a chemical milling process model; manufacturing a chemical milling sample plate blank by using a stretch-formed chemical milling mould, and manufacturing the chemical milling sample plate blank according to a chemical milling process model to obtain a chemical milling sample plate; performing secondary processing on the stretch-forming chemical milling mold by using a mold process digital model to obtain a stretch-forming skin mold; manufacturing a double-curved skin fur blank based on a drawing chemical milling mold; carrying out chemical milling and line marking on the hyperbolic skin blank material by using a chemical milling sample plate, and completing the hyperbolic skin chemical milling; correcting the double-curved skin after the chemical milling deformation by using a stretch-forming skin mould; and performing heat surface treatment on the hyperbolic skin to obtain a qualified part. The invention can effectively accelerate the production period, greatly reduce the part deformation caused by the defects of the processing technology and reduce the processing cost.

Description

Processing method of hyperbolic milling skin
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tool manufacturing, and relates to a processing method of a hyperbolic milling skin.
Background
The skin part is not only used for ensuring the aerodynamic appearance of the airplane, but also used as an important stressed part of the airplane. Skin parts are generally large in size, relatively complex in shape, thin and poor in rigidity. Aircraft skins have a single degree of curvature, but most are doubly curved. In order to reduce the weight, the local thickness is thinned at the position where the stress of the skin part is small. The skin part is usually made of 2a12 (generally about 2-4 mm) material, and in actual processing, the groove structure is usually formed by processing methods such as milling, chemical milling and the like.
The problems of the conventional processing adopted at present are that: the milling method has the advantages of long processing time, low efficiency, high requirements on the position precision of the opening and the assembling hole in the skin and difficulty in ensuring the precision. Chemical milling is generally widely applied to single-curved skins, but for parts with large areas and large curvature changes, double-curved skins need to be processed step by step, and the efficiency is low; the process complexity is increased; and the appearance needs to be repeatedly corrected, so that the processing progress of the double-curved skin chemical milling part is seriously influenced. In summary, a new processing method is needed to process the doubly curved chemically milled skin. The machining precision of parts needs to be guaranteed in the machining process, the efficiency is improved, and the machining period is shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to solve the existing problems, the invention provides a processing method of a hyperbolic milling skin. On the premise of ensuring the advantages of the original processing method, the chemical milling processing of the double-curved skin part is realized, so that the problems of double-curved deformation and low efficiency are solved.
The technical scheme is as follows:
a processing method for doubly curved milling of skin is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, designing a chemical milling process digifax and a die-blank process digifax respectively based on the digifax design process information of the hyperbolic skin part product;
s2, manufacturing a stretch-forming chemical milling mold according to a chemical milling process model;
s3, manufacturing a chemical milling sample plate blank by using a stretch-forming chemical milling mould, and manufacturing the chemical milling sample plate blank according to a chemical milling process model to obtain a chemical milling sample plate;
s4, performing secondary processing on the stretch-forming chemical milling mold by using a mold process digital model to obtain a stretch-forming skin mold;
s5, manufacturing a hyperbolic skin and fur blank based on a drawing and milling mold;
step S6, carrying out chemical milling and line marking on the hyperbolic skin blank material by using a chemical milling sample plate, and finishing the hyperbolic skin chemical milling;
s7, correcting the double-curved skin after the chemical milling deformation by using a stretch skin mould;
and S8, performing heat surface treatment on the hyperbolic skin.
Further, step S1 is to design and obtain a chemical milling process digital model and a mold blank process digital model respectively based on the process information of the pin hole, the chemical milling positioning hole, the assembling positioning hole and the chemical milling allowance line of the digital model design of the hyperbolic skin part product, and specifically includes:
on the basis of a hyperbolic skin part product digifax, a mould tire reference surface is obtained by offsetting the part thickness from the skin theoretical outer surface, so that a skin outline is designed, and a mould tire design process digifax is obtained by designing and adding chemical milling positioning holes, assembling positioning holes and pin holes process information on the mould tire reference surface;
and (3) obtaining a chemical milling reference surface by the deviation of the mold base reference surface, projecting process information of a positioning hole, an assembly positioning hole and a pin hole in the mold base process model to the chemical milling reference surface, designing and adding a chemical milling allowance line and a chemical milling area view port, and designing to obtain the chemical milling process model.
Further, step S2 is to manufacture a stretch-forming chemical milling mold according to the chemical milling process model, and the specific steps are as follows:
designing a stretch-forming chemical milling digital model according to the chemical milling process digital model;
manufacturing a stretch-forming chemical milling mould blank by numerical control machining of a numerical control machine tool according to a stretch-forming chemical milling mould;
and checking the process information of the mould by using a laser scanning technology to ensure that the mould meets the design requirement.
Further, step S3 specifically includes:
when the chemical milling template blank is manufactured by the stretch-forming chemical milling mould, the milling template blank is attached to the stretch-forming chemical milling mould, and if the milling template blank is not attached to the stretch-forming chemical milling mould, the milling template blank is repaired until the milling template blank is attached;
milling the appearance, the viewport of a chemical milling area and a carving milling allowance line on the blank of the chemical milling sample plate by a numerical control machine, milling in place at one time and leaving no manual filing allowance;
embedding a drill bush on a pin hole, a chemical milling positioning hole and an assembly positioning hole on the chemical milling sample plate;
and spraying paint on the blank of the milling sample plate, and marking to form a final chemical milling sample plate.
Further, in step S4, secondary processing is performed on the stretch-forming chemical milling mold by using a mold process digital model to obtain a stretch-forming skin mold, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
designing a stretch skin digifax according to the model of the mould process;
performing secondary numerical control machining on the stretch-forming chemical milling mold according to the stretch-forming skin digital model to manufacture a stretch-forming skin mold;
and checking the process information of the stretch-formed skin mould by using a laser scanning technology, so that the stretch-formed skin mould meets the design requirement.
Further, step S6 uses a chemical milling template to perform chemical milling and scribing on the skin blank material, and completes the hyperbolic skin chemical milling, specifically comprising the steps of:
firstly, carrying out numerical control milling on the appearance of the skin fur blank;
manufacturing a milling positioning hole, an assembling positioning hole and a pin hole on the chemical skin fur blank according to the chemical milling sample plate, wherein the milling positioning hole, the assembling positioning hole and the pin hole are in one-to-one correspondence with the pin hole, the chemical milling positioning hole and the assembling positioning hole on the chemical milling sample plate;
fixing the skin fur blank and the chemical milling sample plate together by using a movable bolt, and engraving a chemical milling allowance line on the skin fur blank according to the chemical milling sample plate;
and (3) coating a chemical raw material in the area of the skin blank material chemical milling allowance line, and carrying out chemical milling for multiple times according to different chemical milling depth requirements.
Further, in step S8, the subsequent thermal surface treatment includes artificial aging, infiltration, oxidation, painting, and stress relief treatment.
Further, the chemical milling reference surface is obtained by the sum of the thickness of the mould process digital-analog reference surface offset chemical milling sample plate and the thickness of the chemical milling glue layer.
Further, the chemical milling allowance line is obtained by enabling a chemical milling line to be parallel to a chemical milling reference surface for a certain width, and the parallel width is the chemical milling depth multiplied by a corrosion coefficient; and the milling area view port selects the position of the nonlinear part of the milling allowance line.
Further, the chemical milling sample plate material is 2A12-T4, and the thickness delta of the chemical milling sample plate is 2.0mm; the surface layers of the stretch-forming chemical milling mould and the stretch-forming skin mould are made of epoxy resin.
Has the advantages that:
the invention provides a processing method of a hyperbolic milling skin. The deformation of the parts caused by chemical milling, heat surface and other processing processes of the parts with the hyperbolic skin can be effectively reduced, and the processing accuracy is ensured; meanwhile, the problem that the chemical milling processing method of the double-curved skin part is complex in flow is solved; the production efficiency can be effectively improved, the tooling cost is reduced, and the manufacturing period of the hyperbolic skin part is shortened;
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a doubly curved milled skin;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a mold base datum plane and a chemical milling datum plane;
fig. 3 shows a chemical milling template and a chemical milling matrix.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, such as the shapes, configurations, mutual positions and connection relationships of the components, the functions and operating principles of the components, the manufacturing processes and the operation and use methods thereof, will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to help those skilled in the art to more completely, accurately and deeply understand the concept and technical solutions of the present invention:
as shown in fig. 1, a method for processing a doubly curved milling skin is provided. The processing method comprises the following steps: s1, designing a chemical milling process digifax and a die-blank process digifax respectively based on the digifax design process information of the hyperbolic skin part product;
specifically, the step S1 includes:
step S11: on the basis of a hyperbolic skin part product digifax, a mould tire reference surface is obtained by offsetting the part thickness from the skin theoretical outer surface, so that a skin outline is designed, and a mould tire design process digifax is obtained by designing and adding chemical milling positioning holes, assembling positioning holes and pin holes process information on the mould tire reference surface; the chemical milling reference surface is obtained by the sum of the thickness of the mold process digital-analog reference surface offset chemical milling sample plate and the thickness of the chemical milling glue layer, as shown in fig. 2.
Step S12: and (3) obtaining a chemical milling reference surface by the deviation of the mold base reference surface, projecting process information of a positioning hole, an assembly positioning hole and a pin hole in a mold base process model to the chemical milling reference surface, designing and adding a chemical milling allowance line and a chemical milling area view port, and designing to obtain a chemical milling process model. The chemical milling allowance line is obtained by enabling the chemical milling line to be parallel to a certain width on a chemical milling reference surface, the parallel width is the chemical milling depth multiplied by a corrosion coefficient, the chemical milling allowance line does not need to be calculated sequentially in multiple times of chemical milling, and repeated work is avoided. It should be noted that, the position of the non-linear part of the milling allowance line is selected by the viewport of the milling area, so that whether the milling is qualified or not can be visually detected.
S2, manufacturing a stretch-forming chemical milling mold according to a chemical milling process model;
specifically, the step S2 includes:
step S21: designing a stretch-forming chemical milling digital model according to the chemical milling process digital model;
step S22: manufacturing a stretch-forming chemical milling mould by numerical control machining of a numerical control machine tool according to the stretch-forming chemical milling mould;
step S23: and checking the process information of the mould by using a laser scanning technology to ensure that the mould meets the design requirement.
S3, manufacturing a chemical milling sample plate blank by drawing a chemical milling mould, and manufacturing the chemical milling sample plate blank according to a chemical milling process model to obtain a chemical milling sample plate;
specifically, the step S3 includes:
step S31: when the chemical milling template blank is manufactured by the stretch-forming chemical milling mould, the milling template blank is attached to the stretch-forming chemical milling mould, and if the milling template blank is not attached to the stretch-forming chemical milling mould, the milling template blank is repaired until the milling template blank is attached to the stretch-forming chemical milling mould;
step S32: milling the appearance, the viewport of a chemical milling area and a carving milling allowance line on the chemical milling sample plate blank by a numerical control machine, and milling in place at one time without leaving manual filing allowance;
step S33: embedding a drill bush on a pin hole, a chemical milling positioning hole and an assembly positioning hole on the chemical milling sample plate;
step S34: and spraying paint on the blank of the milling sample plate, and marking to form a final chemical milling sample plate.
It should be noted that, when the shape, the view port of the milling area and the engraving milling allowance line are milled, the milling is performed in place at one time, no manual filing allowance is left, the processing accuracy can be improved, and the processing time can be shortened.
It should be noted that the chemical milling template material is 2A12-T4, and the thickness delta of the chemical milling template is 2.0mm. Can be bent along with the curvature well, and simultaneously can ensure good rigidity.
S4, performing secondary processing on the stretch-forming chemical milling mold by using a mold process digital model to obtain a stretch-forming skin mold;
specifically, the step S4 includes:
step S41: designing a stretch skin digifax according to the model of the mould process;
step S42: performing secondary numerical control machining on the stretch-forming chemical milling mold according to the stretch-forming skin digital model to manufacture a stretch-forming skin mold;
step S43: and checking the process information of the stretch-forming skin mould by using a laser scanning technology, so that the stretch-forming skin mould meets the design requirement.
In addition, the surface layers of the stretch-forming chemical milling mold and the stretch-forming skin mold in the steps S2 and S4 are provided with epoxy resin. The paint film has good chemical resistance, strong paint film adhesion, good heat resistance and electric insulation, good color retention of the paint film, and easy molding and line marking.
S5, manufacturing a hyperbolic skin and fur blank based on a drawing and milling mold;
s6, carrying out chemical milling and line marking on the hyperbolic skin blank material by using a chemical milling sample plate, and finishing the hyperbolic skin chemical milling;
specifically, the step S6 includes:
step S61: firstly, carrying out numerical control milling on the appearance of the skin fur blank;
step S62: manufacturing a milling positioning hole, an assembling positioning hole and a pin hole on the chemical skin fur blank according to the chemical milling sample plate, wherein the milling positioning hole, the assembling positioning hole and the pin hole are in one-to-one correspondence with the pin hole, the chemical milling positioning hole and the assembling positioning hole on the chemical milling sample plate;
step S63: fixing the skin fur blank and the chemical milling sample plate together by using a movable bolt, and engraving a chemical milling allowance line on the skin fur blank according to the chemical milling sample plate;
step S64: and coating chemical raw materials in the area of the skin blank material milling allowance line, and carrying out multiple times of chemical milling according to different chemical milling depth requirements.
S7, correcting the double-curved skin after the chemical milling deformation by using a stretch skin mould;
and S8, performing heat surface treatment on the hyperbolic skin.
In step S8, the subsequent thermal surface treatment includes artificial aging, infiltration, oxidation, and painting. Can eliminate various defects caused by a processing technology, eliminate segregation, reduce and eliminate internal stress and prolong the service life of parts.
In conclusion, the invention belongs to the field of tool manufacturing, and particularly relates to a processing method for doubly curved milling skin. Firstly, adding process information such as a pin hole, a chemical milling positioning hole, an assembly positioning hole, a chemical milling allowance line and the like on a product digifax to respectively obtain a chemical milling process digifax and a mould blank process digifax; manufacturing a stretch-forming chemical milling mould based on a chemical milling process model; manufacturing a chemical milling sample plate blank by using a stretch-forming chemical milling mould, and accurately processing a chemical milling sample plate by using a numerical control means according to a chemical milling process model; performing secondary processing on the stretch-forming and milling mold blank according to a mold blank process digital model to obtain a stretch-forming skin mold blank, and obtaining a double-curved skin blank by the stretch-forming and milling mold blank; carrying out chemical milling and line marking on the hyperbolic skin according to the chemical milling sample plate, and finishing the chemical milling of the hyperbolic skin; trimming parts according to the stretch-formed skin mould tire, and carrying out chemical milling deformation; and then carrying out subsequent thermal surface treatment such as permeation, oxidation, painting and the like to obtain qualified parts. The method can effectively accelerate the production period, greatly reduce the part deformation caused by the processing processes of chemical milling, heat surface treatment and the like of the double-curved skin part, and ensure the processing accuracy; meanwhile, the problem that the chemical milling processing method of the double-curved skin part is complex in flow is solved; the production efficiency can be effectively improved, the tooling cost is reduced, and the manufacturing period of the hyperbolic skin part is shortened.
The invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is obvious that the invention is not limited to the specific implementation in the above-described manner, and it is within the scope of the invention to apply the inventive concept and solution to other applications without substantial modification.

Claims (10)

1. A processing method for doubly curved milling skin is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, designing a chemical milling process digifax and a mould tire process digifax respectively based on the digifax design process information of the hyperbolic skin part product;
s2, manufacturing a stretch-forming chemical milling mold according to a chemical milling process model;
s3, manufacturing a chemical milling sample plate blank by using a stretch-forming chemical milling mould, and manufacturing the chemical milling sample plate blank according to a chemical milling process model to obtain a chemical milling sample plate;
s4, performing secondary processing on the stretch-forming chemical milling mold by using a mold process digital model to obtain a stretch-forming skin mold;
s5, manufacturing a hyperbolic skin and fur blank based on a drawing and milling mold;
s6, carrying out chemical milling and line marking on the hyperbolic skin blank material by using a chemical milling sample plate, and finishing the hyperbolic skin chemical milling;
s7, correcting the double-curved skin after the chemical milling deformation by using a stretch skin mould;
and S8, performing heat surface treatment on the hyperbolic skin.
2. The hyperbolic milling skin processing method according to claim 1, wherein step S1 is to design and obtain a chemical milling process digifax and a mold matrix process digifax respectively based on digital-analog design pin holes, chemical milling positioning holes, assembly positioning holes and chemical milling allowance line process information of a hyperbolic skin part product, and specifically comprises:
based on a hyperboloid skin part product digital model, a mould tire reference surface is obtained by offsetting the part thickness from the skin theoretical outer surface, so that a skin outline is designed, and a mould tire process digital model is obtained by designing and adding chemical milling positioning holes, assembling positioning holes and pin holes on the mould tire reference surface;
and (3) obtaining a chemical milling reference surface by the deviation of the mold base reference surface, projecting process information of a positioning hole, an assembly positioning hole and a pin hole in a mold base process model to the chemical milling reference surface, designing and adding a chemical milling allowance line and a chemical milling area view port, and designing to obtain a chemical milling process model.
3. The hyperbolic chemical milling skin machining method according to claim 1, wherein step S2 is to manufacture a stretch-formed chemical milling mold based on a chemical milling process model, and the specific steps are as follows:
designing a stretch-forming chemical milling digital model according to the chemical milling process digital model;
manufacturing a stretch-forming chemical milling mould blank by numerical control machining of a numerical control machine tool according to a stretch-forming chemical milling mould;
and checking the process information of the mould by using a laser scanning technology to ensure that the mould meets the design requirement.
4. The hyperbolic milling skin machining method according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 specifically comprises the steps of:
when the chemical milling template blank is manufactured by the stretch-forming chemical milling mould, the milling template blank is attached to the stretch-forming chemical milling mould, and if the milling template blank is not attached to the stretch-forming chemical milling mould, the milling template blank is repaired until the milling template blank is attached;
milling the appearance, the viewport of a chemical milling area and a carving milling allowance line on the blank of the chemical milling sample plate by a numerical control machine, milling in place at one time and leaving no manual filing allowance;
embedding a drill bush on a pin hole, a chemical milling positioning hole and an assembly positioning hole on the chemical milling sample plate;
and spraying paint on the blank of the milling sample plate, and marking to form a final chemical milling sample plate.
5. The hyperbolic milling skin processing method according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 is to perform secondary processing on the tensile milling mold by using a mold process model to obtain a tensile skin mold, and the specific steps are as follows:
designing a stretch skin digifax according to the model process digifax;
performing secondary numerical control machining on the stretch-forming chemical milling mold according to the stretch-forming skin digital model to manufacture a stretch-forming skin mold;
and checking the process information of the stretch-formed skin mould by using a laser scanning technology, so that the stretch-formed skin mould meets the design requirement.
6. The hyperbolic chemical milling skin machining method according to claim 1, wherein step S6 is to perform chemical milling and ruling on the skin blank by using a chemical milling template and complete hyperbolic skin chemical milling, and the specific steps are as follows:
firstly, carrying out numerical control milling on the appearance of the skin fur blank;
milling positioning holes, assembling positioning holes and pin holes on the chemical skin fur blank are manufactured according to the chemical milling sample plate, and the positions of the pin holes, the chemical milling positioning holes and the assembling positioning holes on the chemical milling sample plate correspond to one another;
fixing the skin hair blank and the chemical milling sample plate together by using a movable bolt, and engraving a chemical milling allowance line on the skin hair blank according to the chemical milling sample plate;
and (3) coating a chemical raw material in the area of the skin blank material chemical milling allowance line, and carrying out chemical milling for multiple times according to different chemical milling depth requirements.
7. The hyperbolic milling skin processing method according to claim 1, wherein in step S8, the subsequent thermal surface treatment comprises artificial aging, infiltration, oxidation, painting, and stress relief treatment.
8. The hyperbolic milling skin processing method according to claim 2, wherein the chemical milling reference surface is obtained by the sum of the thickness of the mould blank process digital-analog reference surface offset chemical milling sample plate and the thickness of a chemical milling glue layer.
9. The hyperbolic milling skin processing method according to claim 2, wherein the milling allowance line is obtained by enabling a milling line to be parallel to a certain width on a milling reference surface, and the parallel width is obtained by multiplying the milling depth by a corrosion coefficient; and the milling area view port selects the position of the nonlinear part of the milling allowance line.
10. The hyperbolic milling skin processing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chemical milling template material is 2a12-T4, and the chemical milling template thickness δ is 2.0mm; the surface layers of the stretch-forming chemical milling mould and the stretch-forming skin mould are made of epoxy resin.
CN202211196157.7A 2022-09-28 2022-09-28 Processing method of double-curvature milling skin Pending CN115488404A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117139702A (en) * 2023-10-31 2023-12-01 中航成飞民用飞机有限责任公司 Magnetic attraction type large-scale skin three-dimensional milling and engraving device and manufacturing and using method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117139702A (en) * 2023-10-31 2023-12-01 中航成飞民用飞机有限责任公司 Magnetic attraction type large-scale skin three-dimensional milling and engraving device and manufacturing and using method thereof
CN117139702B (en) * 2023-10-31 2024-01-23 中航成飞民用飞机有限责任公司 Magnetic attraction type large-scale skin three-dimensional milling and engraving device and manufacturing and using method thereof

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