CN115483658A - Overhead line anti-icing defroster, conductor spacer, post insulator and system - Google Patents
Overhead line anti-icing defroster, conductor spacer, post insulator and system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H02G7/00—Overhead installations of electric lines or cables
- H02G7/16—Devices for removing snow or ice from lines or cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G7/00—Overhead installations of electric lines or cables
- H02G7/02—Devices for adjusting or maintaining mechanical tension, e.g. take-up device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G7/00—Overhead installations of electric lines or cables
- H02G7/12—Devices for maintaining distance between parallel conductors, e.g. spacer
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ice prevention and removal of overhead lines or electric railway contact networks, and provides an ice prevention and removal device fixedly installed between two parts with different potentials of the overhead lines or the electric railway contact networks. The device comprises a motion mechanism and an insulating part which are connected in series. The motion mechanism comprises a base, a motion part and an electric drive assembly. The electric drive assembly is arranged on the base and comprises a motor and a clutch mechanism with set separation state duration, when the clutch mechanism is connected, the electric drive assembly drives the motion part to move relative to the base, when the clutch mechanism is separated, the electric drive assembly cuts off the driving force of the motion part relative to the base, the motion part which loses the driving rapidly resets under the action of tension and/or gravity between two different potential parts in an overhead line tower wire system or an electric railway contact net tower net system, so that the two different potential parts move relatively, at least one part rapidly moves to generate acceleration, and ice coating on the part is vibrated down.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ice prevention and removal of overhead lines and electric railway contact networks, in particular to an ice prevention or removal device for overhead lines based on a movement mechanism and an insulating part, which is used for being fixedly arranged on the overhead lines or the electric railway contact networks in a distributed manner.
Background
The ice coating problem of overhead lines, electric railway contact networks and other lines is always one of serious natural disasters of domestic and foreign power systems. Severe ice coating on the line can cause serious accidents such as tower falling and line breaking which affect the safe operation of a power grid, and ice coating falling can cause ice-removing jumping of the line, so that the line is burnt, and the fault trip is caused. Due to the influence of weather conditions, micro-topography, microclimate and large-scale construction of a power grid, icing disasters frequently occur in recent years, and the load of a power transmission line is increased in many areas due to ice coating caused by rain and snow, so that events such as tower collapse, line breakage, fault tripping and the like and huge economic losses are caused.
Generally, the icing phenomenon of overhead line conductors is due to some specific meteorological causes, among which are mainly: temperature, humidity, cold and warm air convection, circulation, wind speed and the like. Supercooled water droplets in the atmosphere exist in a liquid state due to the absence of crystallization nuclei, are extremely unstable, and when falling onto a wire, the wire will act as crystallization nuclei, and at the same time, the supercooled water droplets rapidly condense and adhere to the wire with the effect of heat exchange, forming ice coating. From the formation mechanism, the ice coating can be classified into the following: (1) the water vapor in the atmosphere is attached to the wires when the wires are supersaturated, the water vapor forms radial crystals after sublimation and condensation to be rime, in the forming process, water drops are frozen before being tightly combined with each other, a plurality of gaps or bubbles are contained in the rime, the rime is low in density and loose, and the attachment force of the rime to the wires is relatively weak. (2) The clear, smooth and transparent ice coating is formed on the windward side of the wire by supercooled water drops in the atmosphere, and in the forming process, the water drops are frozen after being tightly combined with each other, so that the formed ice coating is smooth and tight, has high density and strong adhesive force with the wire. (3) The supercooled water drops form ice layers which are alternately overlapped by transparency and opaqueness or are similar to ground glass on the windward side, namely mixed freezing is performed, and the density of the ice is high, and the adhesion force of the ice to the conducting wire is relatively strong.
Disclosure of Invention
The damage of ice coating to overhead lines mainly comprises two aspects: firstly, the thickness of the ice coating greatly exceeds the design standard, which can cause the line to bear serious overload and cause tower collapse and line breakage; on the other hand, in the deicing process, forced shutdown of the line is caused by deicing jumping of the line, or damage of equipment such as wire fittings and the like is caused by unbalanced deicing of the wires. The harm of ice coating is obvious, and people also strive to find a method for preventing ice coating, which is economical, applicable, environment-friendly, operable and strong in practicability. At present, the deicing method of the power transmission line mainly comprises the following steps: thermal deicing, manual or mechanical deicing, hydrophobic coating, explosive deicing, natural passive deicing and the like. In addition, methods such as electric pulse deicing, a pulley-scraping method, electromagnetic force impact deicing, robot deicing, laser deicing, and the like have been rapidly developed. Although each of the methods has characteristics, an economical, practical, safe and effective deicing method is not available at present, and the research on the problem is one of the focuses of great concern in the field of power transmission.
The ice coating of an overhead line or a railway catenary needs to meet two conditions: a generic class of conditions that are not changeable or difficult to change, such as: temperature, humidity and wind speed, it is clear that once the route path is determined, the meteorological conditions can hardly be changed unless the route path is reselected, but this would be costly. The other type is a process that needs the thickness of the ice coating to be continuously increased and accumulated after corresponding meteorological conditions are met, namely a development process of a certain time span under the combined action of a plurality of factors. The ice coating caused by the factors can be used for preventing and removing ice to a certain degree, and mainly comprises 2 aspects: (1) the supercooling water drops or the solid-liquid mixture in the atmosphere are attached to the conducting wire in a necessary heat exchange process, and the supercooling water drops or the solid-liquid mixture in the atmosphere cannot form an accumulation effect on the conducting wire by freezing in the absence of the heat exchange process; (2) the necessary adhesion or cohesion between the ice coating on the wires. The conditions for generating the icing are obtained according to the analysis, and 2 aspects can be considered corresponding to the icing and deicing work: (1) the heat exchange process required for supercooled water drops or solid-liquid mixture in the atmosphere to adhere to the wires is destroyed. The common methods include critical current method, photothermal and electrothermal coating thermal anti-icing method. (2) The adhesion or cohesion between the ice coating on the wires must be altered. The common methods comprise various hydrophobic and hydrophobic coatings, various thermal deicing methods, various mechanical deicing methods and the like. Based on the condition (2) for generating ice coating, it is an obvious conventional idea to develop a mechanical deicing device (or robot deicing device) working in a potential field (or ground potential field) such as a conductor (or overhead ground wire) and the like, and to destroy the ice coating. The mechanical anti-icing and deicing device can be divided into a movable deicing device and a fixed installation position (fixed) deicing device according to whether the installation position of the mechanical anti-icing and deicing device relative to a lead (or an overhead ground wire) changes during working. The movable deicing device applies acting force to ice coated on the lead to damage an ice coating layer by using a mechanical device in the process of reciprocating movement of the deicing device on the lead, so that the deicing function is realized. The mechanical de-icing invention disclosed so far mostly focuses on mobile de-icing devices, because its working mode is straightforward. However, the difficulty of implementing the device is also obvious, and mainly comprises 2 aspects: (1) energy supply is difficult, and both an on-site energy taking mode and a battery replacing mode are very difficult; (2) the difficulty of devices crossing overhead lines is inherent and the reliability problems that arise from this. There have been relatively few studies on fixed deicing devices, which vibrate a wire mainly by mechanical vibration to shake off ice coating on the wire. However, once the wires are covered with ice, particularly with rime or rime mixture, because the ice is adhered very tightly, if the ice is damaged by vibrating the wires alone, the amplitude (or force acting on the wires) required by the vibration of the wires is very difficult to achieve, and the range of deicing is very limited, and if distributed installation is adopted along the overhead line, the number of required devices is very large, which causes high economic cost, so that the number of documents related to the deicing device using mechanical fixed installation positions is very limited. In fact, although the ice coating formed by the supercooled water condensed on the conductor (or overhead ground wire) is tightly adhered during the ice coating formation process, the supercooled water dropped on the conductor (or overhead ground wire) can achieve a wide range of ice protection and removal with a small amplitude of vibration during the time when it has not condensed from liquid to solid, and ice protection and removal or reduction in the severity of ice coating can be achieved with a relatively acceptable energy consumption level and number of devices by making full use of the time necessary for the ice coating on the conductor to gradually grow and accumulate, interfering with or destroying the conditions or process of ice coating accumulation. The invention relates to a deicing device with a plurality of fixed installation positions, which comprises the following components: details of an overhead line deicing device (CA 2444216A1/CA2444216C/US7310948B 2) and the like are omitted. By making full use of the time course necessary for the ice layer on the conductor to gradually grow and accumulate, and interfering with or destroying the conditions or processes of ice coating accumulation, ice protection and removal or reduction of the severity of ice coating can be achieved. Through the further analysis of the wire icing mechanism and process, the movable deicing device focuses more on deicing, and is a measure after the fact, while the fixed installation can be used for ice prevention, and can be a measure in the middle of the fact and before the fact, so that a feasible idea is provided for the method for preventing and deicing by adopting the fixed installation position.
Based on the analysis, the anti-icing and deicing device with the mechanical fixed installation positions is additionally arranged on the overhead line in a distributed mode, the principle is similar to that of the traditional manual deicing, the feasibility is achieved, and compared with manual deicing, the automation degree and the working efficiency of anti-icing and deicing can be improved to a certain degree. The difficulty mainly focuses on the practical situation that how to stand on extreme harsh objective conditions, and the anti-icing and deicing device which is low in energy consumption, high in efficiency, high in reliability, highly intelligent and fully compatible with the existing tower line system is invented. Generally, a mechanical deicing device, whether mobile or stationary, must have a certain energy supply to perform its anti-icing and deicing functions, but because the mechanical deicing device and the conductor (or overhead ground wire) are both in the same equipotential field (or earth potential field), it is very difficult and very limited to obtain energy. The invention relates to an anti-icing and deicing device meeting the actual mechanical fixed installation position on site, which is based on the objective constraint that the actually obtained energy is extremely limited, not only needs to deeply analyze the mechanism and the process of icing formation, but also comprehensively considers various objective factors influencing the anti-icing and deicing effects, and can fully exert the working efficiency of the device under various working conditions, and the work of the invention mainly comprises the following 6 aspects by integrating all the factors: (1) the time gap from supercooled water drops to condensation to ice coating is fully utilized, and pre-and in-process measures are mainly taken, so that ice is removed after the ice coating is tightly adhered and frozen, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved; (2) the efficiency of energy use is improved, utilizes less energy supply, improves the effort that each vibration acted on the wire as far as possible, promptly: after the potential energy is slowly accumulated, the potential energy is quickly released, and the energy released by the device for one time is promoted; (3) the frequency of the actions of the anti-icing and deicing device is reasonably controlled according to different icing types so as to save energy consumption; (4) the mass of the device is reduced, the energy density and the power density of the device are improved, the influence of the device on the existing tower line system is reduced as much as possible, the device is fully compatible with the existing tower line system, and the problem that although the old problem is solved, a new problem is brought is avoided. (5) The device is used in outdoor severe environment for a long time, and is extremely difficult to install and dismantle, so that the requirement on the mean failure-free working time is extremely strict, high-reliability devices are required to be used as far as possible, and the number of components is reduced as far as possible. (6) The cost of the device is reduced, and the economy of the device is improved. In summary, the anti-icing and deicing device with a mechanical fixed installation position needs a stable and reliable energy supply source, and the problem to be solved is to reasonably use the obtained limited energy, improve the efficiency of energy storage and energy release of the whole anti-icing and deicing device, and improve the energy density and power density of the device. Some of the prior inventions and literature have explored this area of work to advantage.
The invention relates to a device and a method for removing foreign matters such as snow and ice from an overhead line (CN 1486525A), and provides an anti-icing and deicing device for mechanically fixing a mounting position. The invention selects an electromagnetic vibrator which can be operated and controlled, the electromagnetic vibrator is semi-fixedly arranged on the overhead line, and the ice coating on the lead is shaken off by the vibration of the electromagnetic vibrator. Wherein, the selected vibrator is an existing product in the market, such as Wacker 400w ER model of WACKER company in the United states. Obviously, the invention does not fully consider the practical difficulty faced by energy acquisition, but directly adopts the existing mature products, which directly leads the invention to hardly meet the practical requirements, and more provides a thought and a concept. The electromagnetic vibrator adopts current ripe product main problem to have two aspects: (1) the existing mature product does not consider the energy storage link, and the required energy consumption is far greater than the energy which can be supplied actually; (2) the existing electromagnetic vibrator has relatively high vibration frequency, the too high vibration frequency causes too high energy consumption and too fast attenuation of vibration effect conduction, the deicing range is very limited, and particularly, after passing through an insulator or a pole tower, the high-frequency vibration is almost completely attenuated and filtered, and the required deicing effect cannot be achieved.
The invention relates to a mechanical vibration deicing device (CN 201417921Y), an overhead cable air explosion vibration deicing device (CN 201549858U) and an overhead ground wire mechanical vibration deicing device (CN 201247941Y), which are manually installed mechanical anti-icing deicing devices, and the working principle of the mechanical vibration deicing device is that the device drives a lead to vibrate to realize deicing. The invention has the obvious characteristics of sufficient energy supply, large vibration amplitude of the lead and good deicing effect. However, the invention has some insurmountable disadvantages, such as: (1) the energy supply (or storage) uses chemical energy, namely: the method has the advantages that the explosives are filled in advance, and the device is remotely controlled to detonate and explode after being in place, obviously, the method can be used for only one time or a few times, and the explosives need to be refilled after the corresponding times are exceeded, so that the efficiency is low; (2) during deicing, the device needs to manually launch a traction rope so as to be hung on a wire needing deicing, and the working efficiency is low.
The invention discloses a method and a device for preventing high-voltage wires from icing and hanging snow (CN 101286628A), and provides a deicing device for enabling the wires to vibrate through vibration of a vibrator. The principle of the invention is simple because the vibrator needs to conduct the vibration acting force to the overhead line through the insulating connecting rod meeting the insulating distance, but the principle is extremely difficult to realize, and particularly for the ultra-high voltage overhead line, the insulating connecting rod can hardly be hung on the overhead line with the distance of dozens of meters from the ground. In actual operation, the device can be regarded as an upgraded version of manual de-icing.
The invention discloses a power line gravity impact deicing device and application thereof (CN 102638021A), and provides a deicing device for realizing a gravity impact line by mainly using circuit devices. The invention adopts the electromagnetic driver to pull upwards or release downwards the heavy object indirectly hung on the lead, so as to generate impact force on the overhead line, thereby shaking off the ice coated on the lead. The invention firstly obtains electric energy from a lead through which current flows by utilizing the principle of electromagnetic induction, and then stores the obtained electric energy through a capacitor. After the capacitor is charged, the electromagnetic driver is driven to lift the heavy object upwards and then release the heavy object downwards by controlling the on and off of the circuit switch, so that the gravitational potential energy of the heavy object is converted into the impact force on the lead, and the aim of deicing the lead is fulfilled. The invention has outstanding advantages. (1) The capacitor is used for storing energy, so that when the energy supply is insufficient, the energy is stored and then quickly released, and the power density of the device and the impact force on a circuit are improved. (2) The control logic is very convenient and fast by utilizing active devices such as a switch of a circuit and the like, and various operations such as lifting and releasing of heavy objects are convenient to realize. But the defects of the invention are also obvious. (1) The energy density of the capacitor is relatively small, requiring a large volume and weight, which affects the energy density and economy of the entire device. (2) The requirements of circuit devices such as the capacitor on the use environment are relatively high, and the capacitor is easy to age prematurely and lose functions under the outdoor operation environment of the overhead transmission line. (3) When the current increases, the cost of the circuit switch increases sharply, the weight of the device increases significantly, and the economical efficiency and reliability deteriorate. (4) The invention realizes the transmission and the cut-off of the acting force through the circuit, and the invention adopts a mechanical mechanism, namely a clutch mechanism, so the reliability is relatively higher and the invention is more practical. (5) According to the invention, the vibration effect is generated by utilizing the sudden change of gravity of an additional object, and the energy is released by the energy storage device, so that the relative motion and acceleration are generated between the two sub-conductors to prevent and remove ice, and the power density of the device is improved.
The invention discloses an overhead line deicing device (CA 2444216A1/CA2444216C/US7310948B 2) which discloses a deicing device fixedly installed on an overhead line. According to the device, an acting force perpendicular to the lead is applied in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the lead of the overhead line, so that the lead is released suddenly after being displaced transversely, and further transverse vibration of the lead of the overhead line is caused, and the purpose of removing ice coated on the lead of the overhead line is achieved. The device includes: the device comprises an energy collection module, an energy storage module, a trigger mechanism and an energy release module. The energy collecting module is used for collecting energy and converting the collected energy into mechanical energy or electric energy which is convenient to use. The energy storage module is used for storing energy such as mechanical energy or electric energy collected and converted by the energy collection module. The trigger module triggers the device to act according to the meteorological conditions and the line conditions. The energy transmission module converts the energy acquired by the energy acquisition module or the energy stored by the energy storage module into mechanical energy or kinetic energy, and then transmits the mechanical energy or the kinetic energy to the overhead line to vibrate the overhead line, so that the ice prevention and the ice removal of the overhead line are realized. Although the invention is basically consistent with the starting point of the invention, no matter from the claims or the specific implementation manner, the device has higher energy density and power density, more controllable working state and higher anti-icing and de-icing efficiency, and can meet more practical application scenes. (1) The problem solved by the invention is still deicing, belongs to a measure after the fact, basically has no anti-icing function, and is difficult to be applied to rime or mixed rime with ice. Even if the ice coating is rime, if the action period of the device cannot be set or is unreasonable, the corresponding ice coating thickness is possibly thicker, and the ice removing jump of a line is easily caused in the ice removing process, so that forced outage is caused. Correspondingly, the working process of the device matched with the invention is unreasonable, the triggering action condition depends on meteorological conditions, environmental temperature and humidity or line conditions, the repeated triggering is difficult to realize, the controllable degree is low, and the device action frequency is difficult to control. (2) The invention does not fully consider how to realize the transmission/cut-off of the acting force, the energy accumulation/release and the mutual switching among the states, the corresponding state conversion is realized by depending on the meteorological conditions, the wire state, the natural cooling of the memory alloy and the vibration effect after the device acts, the controllability degree is very low, the function is lost in partial cases, and the integral deicing efficiency and the integral deicing effect are influenced. (3) The device claimed by the invention is more clarified from the aspects of function and concept, has wide content, insufficient disclosure and incomplete realization, is difficult to be really applied to the ice and ice prevention of the overhead line in practice, and needs a great deal of work to implement the concept and function of the device to the level of the device in the follow-up process, which is proved to a certain extent from the current situation of ice and ice prevention of the overhead line. (4) Although the invention lists a plurality of example applications, the design of the invention has obvious defects, some examples cannot work in some cases, and all examples are difficult to realize in engineering practice. (5) Most of examples do not adopt energy storage devices, do not reasonably design connection and use of the energy storage devices, and although the requirement of energy supply is reduced to a certain extent, the energy density of the device is greatly reduced, so that the anti-icing and deicing effects are extremely limited. In other examples, although an energy storage device is adopted, the structural design of the system is complicated, the connection and the use of the energy storage device are not fully disclosed, the clutch mechanism returns to the engaged state and is easy to jam, the practical application scene is not fully considered, and the practicability is limited. (6) The device of the present invention has low reliability, and is easily damaged by mechanical impact between the driving member and the driven member and between the driving member and the motor after release of the accumulated energy is not considered.
The invention mainly aims at the anti-icing and deicing of a certain phase conductor, does not consider the mutual anti-icing and deicing between the phase conductor and the phase conductor, and does not consider the anti-icing and deicing work of the overhead ground wire because the overhead ground wire is difficult to obtain energy. In order to solve the technical problems or at least partially solve the technical problems, the invention provides an anti-icing and deicing device fixedly installed between two components with different potentials in an overhead line tower line system or an electric railway contact net tower network system, which takes a mechanical clutch mechanism to switch two states of accumulation and release of tension and/or gravitational potential energy between the two components with different potentials in the overhead line tower line system or the electric railway contact net tower network system as a concept, takes the reduction of the energy consumption level of the device as a constraint, and aims at improving the unit mass power density of the device. By utilizing the clutch mechanism, the acting force or torque output can be efficiently and controllably transmitted or cut off; the controllability, the reliability and the application range of the device are improved by reasonably setting the duration of the separation state of the clutch mechanism; and an energy storage device is additionally arranged between the base and the moving part, so that the unit mass power density of the device is improved. Potential energy is accumulated in an energy storage device provided between the base and the moving portion by an engaged state of the clutch mechanism. And releasing the potential energy accumulated in the energy storage device to the overhead line tower wire system or between two different potential parts in the electric-railway contact network tower net system by utilizing the separation state of the clutch mechanism, and vibrating the ice coating on the overhead transmission line. The aim of preventing and removing ice of the overhead transmission line is achieved by repeating and circulating the two states of jointing and separating.
The anti-icing and deicing device for the overhead line is fixedly arranged on the overhead line or an electric railway contact network and comprises a movement mechanism and an insulating part, wherein one end of the movement mechanism is connected with one end of the insulating part, the other end of the movement mechanism and the other end of the insulating part are connected between two parts with different potentials, and the two parts with different potentials are positioned in an overhead line tower line system or an electric railway contact network tower network system;
the motion mechanism comprises a base, an electric drive assembly and a motion part; the electric drive assembly comprises a motor and a clutch mechanism, the motor is arranged on the base, the motion part is movably matched with the base, and the motor is in transmission connection with the motion part through the clutch mechanism;
the clutch mechanism comprises an input end, an output end, a driving part and a driven part; the input end is connected with the driving component, and the driven component is connected with the output end; the driving part and the driven part have two mutually exclusive and controllable working states of connection and separation;
the driving member transmitting force, torque or motion to the driven member when the driving member is engaged with the driven member; when the driving part and the driven part are in a separated state, cutting off the transmission of acting force, torque or motion from the driving part to the driven part;
the driving part and the driven part have a set separation state duration;
the output end of the motor is connected with the input end, and the output end of the motor is connected with the moving part;
the motion mechanism and the insulating part jointly transmit acting force generated by motion of the motion part relative to the base to an overhead line tower wire system or between two parts with different potentials in an electric-railway contact net tower wire system;
when the driving part and the driven part are in an engaged state, the electric drive assembly drives the motion part to generate displacement relative to the base, and the displacement enables tension and/or gravitational potential energy to be changed between two parts with different potentials in an overhead line tower system or an electric railway contact system tower system;
when the driving part and the driven part are in a separated state, the electric drive assembly cuts off the drive of the moving part, the moving part which loses the drive recovers the generated displacement relative to the base under the action of tension and/or gravity between two parts with different potentials in an overhead line tower wire system or an electric railway contact net tower wire system, so that the potential energy change between the two parts with different potentials is caused, at least one part generates acceleration due to the motion, and thus the ice coating on the overhead line or the electric railway contact net is vibrated down.
Optionally, a stopping portion is arranged on the base, and the stopping portion is arranged on a path of the moving portion moving relative to the base and used for stopping or limiting the movement of the moving portion when the tension and/or gravity is released.
Optionally, a spring is connected between the base and the moving part.
Optionally, the insulating part is made of a rigid or flexible insulating material, and the insulating part is formed by connecting one or more of insulators, insulator strings, insulating ropes, composite insulators and post insulators in series and/or in parallel.
Optionally, the device further comprises a motor controller, wherein the motor controller is electrically connected with the motor and used for controlling the motor to act, and the action comprises rotation, stopping and speed regulation.
Optionally, the duration of the disengagement state of the driving part and the driven part is set by the motor controller.
Optionally, the moving mechanisms are made of a conductive material or an insulating material, and the number of the moving mechanisms is one or more, and the moving mechanisms are connected in series and/or in parallel.
Optionally, the number of the motion mechanisms and/or the insulating parts is one or more, and the plurality of motion mechanisms and the plurality of insulating parts are connected in series in any order and are arranged between two parts with different potentials in an overhead line tower system or an electric railway contact network tower system.
Optionally, the device further comprises a control module, wherein the control module is used for controlling the motion mechanisms to act at a set time sequence and/or frequency.
Optionally, the base of the motion mechanism has a cavity, and the motion part and the clutch mechanism are disposed in the cavity.
Optionally, the power supply device further comprises an energy obtaining module, wherein the energy obtaining module comprises one or more induction power taking units equipotentially mounted on the wire, and the induction power taking units are used for collecting magnetic field energy around the wire, converting the magnetic field energy into electric energy, and then supplying the electric energy to the electric drive assembly;
or the energy acquisition module comprises a photovoltaic cell panel and an energy storage capacitor or an energy storage battery connected with the photovoltaic cell panel.
Optionally, a plurality of the induction electricity taking units are connected in series and/or in parallel.
Optionally, the clutch mechanism adopts a control clutch mechanism, and further includes a clutch control unit and a position switch, the clutch control unit is used for controlling the driving component to be engaged with and disengaged from the driven component, the position switch is arranged on the base and used for acquiring the position information of the moving component, and the clutch control unit controls the driving component to be engaged with or disengaged from the driven component according to the output of the position switch.
Optionally, the clutch mechanism is a self-control clutch mechanism;
the self-control clutch mechanism automatically enters an engagement or disengagement state by utilizing the movement state and/or the change of the self structure of the driving part or the driven part;
the automatic clutch mechanism is characterized in that the driving component is provided with a first joint part and a separating part, the driven component is provided with a second joint part, when the first joint part is matched with the second joint part, the automatic clutch mechanism enters a joint state, and when the separating part is matched with the second joint part, the automatic clutch mechanism enters a separating state.
Optionally, the driving part is an incomplete gear, a tooth section and a smooth section are sequentially arranged in the circumferential direction, the first joint part is the tooth section, and the separation part is the smooth section; the driven part is a rack, and the second joint part is a tooth section on the rack.
Optionally, the driving part is an incomplete gear, a tooth section and a smooth section are sequentially arranged in the circumferential direction, the first joint part is the tooth section, and the separation part is the smooth section;
the driven part is a gear, and the second joint part is a tooth part on the gear; alternatively, the driven member is a gear set and the second engagement portion is a tooth portion of an input gear of the gear set.
Optionally, the length of the time when the driving part is separated from the driven part is set by the radian of the smooth section of the incomplete gear.
Optionally, the clutch mechanism includes: the first control clutch mechanism, the first gear and the first rack;
an output shaft of the motor is in transmission connection with the input end of the first control clutch mechanism, and the first rack is the output end; the moving part is arranged on the first rack; converting the rotary motion output by the first gear into the linear motion of the first rack by utilizing the matching of the first gear and the first rack;
the disengagement state duration of the driving member and the driven member is set by the clutch control unit of the first operating clutch mechanism.
Optionally, the clutch mechanism includes a second gear and a second rack, and the second gear is an incomplete gear and has a tooth section and a smooth section;
the driving part is the second gear, and the driven part is the second rack; the first joint part on the driving part is a tooth section of a second gear, and the separation part on the driving part is a smooth section of the second gear; the second joint part is a tooth part of the second rack; the input shaft of the second gear is the input end, and the second rack is the output end; the second gear is in transmission connection with an output shaft of the motor, and the moving part is arranged on the second rack;
the driving member is engaged with the driven member when the tooth segments of the second gear are mated with the second rack; the driving member is disengaged from the driven member when the smooth section of the second gear is engaged with the second rack;
the length of time of the separation state of the driving part and the driven part is set through the radian of the smooth section of the second gear.
Optionally, the clutch mechanism further includes a first gear set disposed on the base, and the second gear is in transmission connection with the second rack through the first gear set; the second gear is in transmission connection with the input gear of the first gear set, and the output gear of the first gear set is in transmission connection with the second rack.
Optionally, the clutch mechanism further comprises a winding assembly and a flexible traction rope; the motor is in transmission connection with the winding assembly through the clutch mechanism; when the driving component is engaged with the driven component, the motor can drive the winding assembly to rotate; when the driving part is separated from the driven part, the driving of the motor to the winding assembly is cut off; one end of the flexible traction rope is connected with the moving part, the other end of the flexible traction rope is wound on the winding assembly, and the moving part is driven to generate displacement relative to the base through rotation of the winding assembly.
Optionally, the clutch mechanism includes a third gear and the winding assembly with a complete gear at one end, and the third gear is an incomplete gear and has a tooth section and a smooth section;
the driving part is the third gear, the driven part is the winding assembly with a complete gear at one end, a first joint part on the driving part is a tooth section of the third gear, and a separation part on the driving part is a smooth section of the third gear; the second joint part is a tooth part of a full gear arranged at one end of the winding assembly; the input end is the input shaft of the third gear, and the output end is the end of the winding assembly for winding;
the third gear is in transmission connection with an output shaft of the motor, one end of the winding assembly, which is provided with a complete gear, is matched with the third gear, and the winding assembly is driven by the third gear to wind the flexible traction rope to draw the motion part to generate displacement; the driving member is engaged with the driven member when the tooth segments of the third gear are engaged with the winding assembly; the driving member is disengaged from the driven member when the smooth section of the third gear is engaged with the winding assembly;
the disengagement state duration is set by the radian of the third gear smooth section.
Optionally, the clutch mechanism includes a second gear set, and the second gear set is in transmission connection between the third gear and the winding assembly.
Optionally, the clutch mechanism is a control clutch mechanism, and comprises a first controller, a first position switch, a second position switch, an input shaft gear, a spline shaft, a sliding screw rod, a sliding nut sleeve and a pawl;
the driving part is a spline shaft, the driven part is a sliding nut sleeve and a sliding screw rod, the input end is an input shaft gear, and the output end is a moving part; the clutch control unit includes: the first controller, the pawl, the square clamping groove at the upper end of the sliding nut sleeve and the middle circular table of the sliding screw rod are arranged; the position switch includes: a first position switch and a second position switch;
the first end of the guide sleeve is connected with the base, and the second end of the guide sleeve is of a sleeve-shaped structure; the first end of the spline shaft is connected with the guide sleeve in a matched mode through a bearing, and a spline shaft gear is arranged at the first end of the spline shaft; the input shaft gear is arranged on an output shaft of the motor and is in meshed connection with the spline shaft gear; the first end of the sliding screw rod is connected with the moving part, the second end of the sliding screw rod is provided with a spline hole, the second end of the sliding screw rod is sleeved outside the second end of the spline shaft, the second end of the sliding screw rod is axially matched with the second end of the spline shaft through a spline, the outer wall of the second end of the sliding screw rod is provided with threads, and the middle part of the sliding screw rod is provided with a round table; the sliding nut sleeve is of a sleeve-shaped structure, the inner wall of the sliding nut sleeve is provided with threads, the sliding nut sleeve is sleeved outside the second end of the sliding screw rod, the sliding nut sleeve is in threaded fit connection with the second end of the sliding screw rod, and the outer wall of the sliding nut sleeve is provided with a guide sliding block and a clamping groove; the second end of the guide sleeve is sleeved outside the sliding nut sleeve, a guide sliding groove is formed in the inner wall of the second end of the guide sleeve in an axially extending mode, the guide sliding groove is in sliding fit with the guide sliding block, a pawl mechanism is installed on the guide sleeve and consists of a pawl, a pin shaft, a pawl spring and an installation seat, the pawl is used for being in clamping and embedding fit with the clamping groove, a first position switch is arranged in the middle of the guide sleeve, a second position switch is arranged at the second end of the guide sleeve, and the first position switch and the second position switch are respectively used for monitoring two trigger points axially arranged on the sliding nut sleeve at intervals and forming trigger signals; the first controller is connected with the first position switch, the second position switch and the motor; when the middle circular truncated cone of the sliding lead screw is contacted with the second position switch, the second position switch limits the position of the sliding lead screw and sends a trigger signal to the first controller to control the motor to rotate along the first direction, the sliding lead screw rotates under the action of the spline shaft, the sliding nut sleeve contracts along the axial direction under the action of the sliding lead screw until a pawl of the pawl mechanism is clamped into a square clamping groove at the upper end of the sliding nut sleeve under the action of a pawl spring, and the position of the sliding nut sleeve is fixed and the first position switch is triggered; when the first controller receives a trigger signal sent by the first position switch, the motor is controlled to rotate along a second direction, the sliding nut sleeve cannot move upwards along the axial direction under the limiting action of the pawl, the sliding screw rod contracts under the combined action of the spline shaft and the sliding nut sleeve until the middle circular table of the sliding screw rod moves to the pawl mechanism, the pawl clamped in the square clamping groove at the upper end of the sliding nut sleeve is ejected out, so that the sliding nut sleeve is not restrained, and the moving part is axially stretched relative to the guide sleeve under the action of tension and/or gravity between two parts with different potentials in an overhead line tower line system or an electric iron tower network system;
the duration of the state of disengagement of the driving member from the driven member is set by the first controller.
Optionally, the time length of the state that the driving part is separated from the driven part is used for setting the action frequency of the overhead line anti-icing and deicing device.
Optionally, the electric drive assembly includes a speed change mechanism, and the speed change mechanism is in transmission connection between the motor and the clutch mechanism, or in transmission connection between the clutch mechanism and the moving part.
Optionally, the speed change mechanism has a non-return structure.
Optionally, the speed change mechanism is a mechanical speed change mechanism.
Optionally, the mechanical speed change mechanism is a gear speed change mechanism, a worm speed change mechanism or a planetary gear speed change mechanism.
Optionally, the system further comprises a communication module for receiving a master station or manual command, or communicating between different devices or relaying communication.
Optionally, the base further comprises an acceleration sensor, and the acceleration sensor is configured to detect an acceleration of the movement of the base or the moving portion, and compare the detected acceleration with a set acceleration threshold value to form status information.
The anti-icing and deicing spacer is used between a phase conductor and a phase conductor of an overhead transmission line or between the phase conductor and an overhead ground wire, and comprises an interphase spacer, an interphase spacer body and at least one anti-icing and deicing device which is installed on the spacer body and is based on a movement mechanism and an insulating part.
The anti-icing and deicing post insulator is used between an electric railway contact network and a post, and comprises an oblique cantilever, a horizontal cantilever post insulator body and at least one anti-icing and deicing device which is installed on the oblique cantilever and the horizontal cantilever post insulator body and is based on a movement mechanism and an insulating part.
The anti-icing and deicing system comprises a plurality of anti-icing and deicing devices based on a moving mechanism and an insulating part or a plurality of anti-icing and deicing spacers or a plurality of anti-icing and deicing inclined wrists and horizontal cantilever post insulators, and a plurality of anti-icing and deicing devices based on a moving mechanism and an insulating part or a plurality of anti-icing and deicing spacers or a plurality of anti-icing and deicing inclined wrists and horizontal cantilever post insulators are distributed and installed on the overhead line or the electric iron contact net.
Optionally, the device further comprises a control system, wherein the control system is used for controlling a plurality of anti-icing and deicing devices based on the moving mechanism and the insulating part or a plurality of anti-icing and deicing spacers or a plurality of anti-icing and deicing inclined wristarms and horizontal wristarm post insulators to act at a set time sequence and/or frequency.
The utility model provides a be used for fixed mounting to overhead line or electric railway contact net two different potential parts between anti-icing defroster. The device comprises a motion mechanism and an insulating part which are connected in series. The motion mechanism comprises a base, a motion part and an electric drive assembly. The electric drive assembly is arranged on the base and comprises a motor and a clutch mechanism with set separation state duration, when the clutch mechanism is connected, the electric drive assembly drives the motion part to move relative to the base, when the clutch mechanism is separated, the electric drive assembly cuts off the driving force of the motion part relative to the base, the motion part which loses the driving rapidly resets under the action of tension and/or gravity between two different potential parts in an overhead line tower wire system or an electric railway contact net tower net system, so that the two different potential parts move relatively, at least one part rapidly moves to generate acceleration, and ice coating on the part is vibrated down.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an interphase ice-preventing and deicing device implemented by using a clutch and a rack and pinion;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the motor, the clutch and the rack-and-pinion transmission;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an interphase ice-preventing and deicing device using an incomplete gear and a rack;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a clutch mechanism employing an incomplete gear-rack configuration;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an interphase anti-icing and de-icing apparatus using a flexible rope to pull a moving part;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the motion mechanism implemented by using an incomplete gear to drive a complete gear (set) to wind a flexible rope traction motion portion;
FIG. 7 is a front view of the clutch mechanism using an incomplete gear to drive a complete gear (set) to wind a flexible cord;
FIG. 8 is a schematic transmission diagram of a complete gear (set) wrap flexible cord clutching mechanism utilizing an incomplete gear to drive the complete gear;
FIG. 9 is a view showing an anti-icing and deicing device implemented by using a flexible insulating rope to pull a moving part on the other side through a hollow composite insulator of an interphase spacer;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an interphase anti-icing and de-icing apparatus implementing a moving mechanism using a moving part and a connecting rod;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of an interphase anti-icing and de-icing apparatus for realizing a movement mechanism by using a cam in cooperation with a swing rod;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the operation of an induction power-taking unit;
FIG. 14 is a schematic circuit diagram of an induction power-taking unit;
fig. 15 is an anti-icing and de-icing arrangement between a phase conductor and an overhead earth wire using the kinematic mechanism of fig. 17;
fig. 16 is an anti-icing and de-icing arrangement between phase conductors using the kinematic mechanism of fig. 17;
FIG. 17 is a front view of a position switch in cooperation with an active control to effect movement of the mechanism;
FIG. 18 is a side view of a position switch in cooperation with an active control to effect movement of the mechanism;
FIG. 19 is a top view of a position switch in cooperation with an active control to effect movement of the mechanism;
FIG. 20 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 17;
FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 19;
FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 19;
FIG. 23 is an exploded view of the component parts of the motion mechanism of FIG. 17;
FIG. 24 is a schematic view of a motion mechanism implemented using an incomplete gear to drive a complete gear (set) to wind a flexible line to cooperate with flexible insulated line to pull catenary wire vibration to prevent and remove ice;
FIG. 25 is a schematic illustration of the kinematic mechanism implemented with partial rack and pinion gears coupled with insulated rope traction contact line vibration to prevent and remove ice.
FIG. 26 is a schematic view of the kinematic mechanism implemented by incomplete gear driven complete gear(s) wrapped with flexible cable to cooperate with the oblique cantilever post insulator to prevent and remove ice;
fig. 27 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the ice protection and removal device.
Reference numerals:
1. a moving part; 2. a sliding nut sleeve; 3. a spline shaft; 4. a guide sleeve; 5. a pawl; 6. a pin shaft; 7. a spring; 71. a pawl spring; 8. a bearing; 9. a spline shaft gear; 10. an input shaft gear; 11. a motor; 12. a first position switch; 13. a second position switch; 14. a guide chute; 15. a card slot; 16. a guide slider; 100. a sliding screw rod; 103. an induction electricity taking unit; 105. a motion mechanism; 104. wire, ground wire clamp; 106. an insulating member; 107. a horizontal cantilever post insulator; 108. an oblique cantilever post insulator; 200. a base; 301. a third gear; 302. a second gear set; 307. flexible (insulated) pull cords; 308. a winding section; 5012. a second gear; 5022. a second rack; 5031. a first gear; 5021. a first rack; 601. an oblique wrist arm; 602. a horizontal wrist arm; 603. a positioning tube; 604. a light positioner; 605. positioning a wire clamp; 606. a windproof stay wire; 607. a catenary cable; 608. a contact line; 609. a dropper; 610. a strut (tower); 611. a pulley; 612. a traction (insulation) rope; 708. a wire; 709. an overhead ground wire; 802. an iron core; 803. and a secondary coil. 901. A clutch; 902. an output shaft of the motor 11; 903. an input shaft of gear 5031.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention may be more clearly understood, a solution of the present invention will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those described herein; it is to be understood that the embodiments described in this specification are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1,3,5,9, 11, 12, 15, 16, 24, 25, and 26, an anti-icing and deicing device for an overhead line or an electric railway contact net according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided, which is based on a moving mechanism 105 and an insulating member 106, and is configured to be fixedly installed on the overhead line or the electric railway contact net. Illustratively, a composite insulator of phase conductors and phase-to-phase spacers between the phase conductors is provided as an insulating member 106, at least one end of which is provided with a movement mechanism 105; or a composite insulator of a phase-to-ground spacer between the phase conductor and the overhead ground wire is used as the insulating part 106, and the moving mechanism 105 is arranged at least one end of the composite insulator, so that the composite insulator is suitable for the anti-icing and the deicing of the phase conductor and the overhead ground wire, and the vibration effect caused by the action force generated by the movement of the moving mechanism 105 can be transmitted to the conductor and the overhead ground wire through the composite insulator of the phase-to-phase and ground spacer to realize the anti-icing and the deicing (fig. 1,3,5,9, 11, 12, 15 and 16). By using the oblique cantilever post insulator 108 or the horizontal cantilever post insulator 107 of the electric railway contact net as the insulating part 106 and adding the moving mechanism 105 at one end thereof, or by using the traction (insulating) rope 612 as the insulating part 106 and adding the moving mechanism 105 at one end of the ground potential thereof, the vibration effect caused by the acting force generated by the movement of the moving mechanism 105 can be transmitted to the catenary 607 or the contact wire 608 of the contact net through the cantilever or the traction (insulating) rope 612 of the post insulator (107 or 108) to realize ice prevention and ice removal (fig. 24, 25 and 26).
In fig. 1,3,5,9, 11, 12, 15, 16, 24, 25 and 26, the present invention provides an apparatus for ice and ice protection for overhead lines based on a moving mechanism 105 and an insulating member 106. The anti-icing and deicing device based on the moving mechanism 105 and the insulating member 106 includes the moving mechanism 105 and the insulating member 106. One end of the movement mechanism 105 is connected with one end of the insulating part 106, and the other end of the movement mechanism 105 and the other end of the insulating part 106 are directly or indirectly connected between two parts with different potentials in an overhead line tower system or an electric railway contact network tower system. The motion mechanism 105 includes a base 200, an electric drive assembly, and a motion section 1. The electric drive assembly comprises a motor 11 and a clutch mechanism, the motor 11 is arranged on the base 200, the moving part 1 is movably matched with the base 200, and the motor 11 is in transmission connection with the moving part 1 through the clutch mechanism. The clutch mechanism comprises an input end, an output end, a driving part and a driven part; the input end is connected with the driving part, and the driven part is connected with the output end. The driving part and the driven part have two mutually exclusive and controllable working states of connection and separation. The driving member and the driven member have a set disengagement state duration. The motor 11 is connected with the input end, and the output end is connected with the moving part 1. The moving mechanism 105 and the insulating member 106 together transmit the acting force generated by the movement of the moving part 1 relative to the base 200 to the overhead line tower system or between two members with different potentials in the electric railway contact network tower system. In the engaged state of the driving part and the driven part, the electric drive assembly drives the moving part 1 to generate displacement relative to the base 200, and the displacement generates tension and/or gravitational potential energy change between two parts with different potentials in an overhead line tower system or an electric railway contact system tower system. When the driving part and the driven part are in a separated state, the electric drive assembly cuts off the drive of the moving part 1, the moving part 1 losing the driving force recovers the displacement generated relative to the base 200 under the action of tension and/or gravity between two parts with different potentials in an overhead line tower system or an electric railway contact net tower system, and further potential energy change between the two parts with different potentials is caused, at least one part is caused to move to generate acceleration, and therefore ice coating on the part of the overhead line or the electric railway contact net is vibrated down.
The motion mechanism 105 is used for driving the motion part 1 to generate linear or curvilinear motion by utilizing the output of the electric drive component, the generated motion forms displacement along the stress direction of the connection between the motion mechanism 105 and the insulating part 106, and the displacement enables the tension and/or gravitational potential energy between two parts with different potentials in an overhead line tower line system or an electric railway contact net tower network system to change. The moving mechanism 105 is subjected to two conditions according to different installation positions, wherein one is pressure from two ends to the middle and the other is tension from two ends to the outer side, and the two stress conditions are selected to reasonably design the moving mechanism 105 according to different motion states of the moving part 1 and field work practice.
In some examples, the base 200 is provided with a stop (limit) portion, which is disposed on the moving path of the moving portion 1 and is used for stopping or limiting the movement of the moving portion 1 when the tension and/or gravity is released.
The material for manufacturing the motion mechanism 105 may be selected from conductive materials or insulating materials, considering the mechanical strength of the material. The number of the moving mechanisms 105 is one or more, and may be connected in series and/or in parallel. When the moving mechanism 105 is partially or completely made of an insulating material and the electrical performance of the moving mechanism meets the requirement of electrical insulation performance between different electric potentials, the insulating material of the moving mechanism 105 can be regarded as the insulating component 106, and the moving function of the moving mechanism can be combined to realize the anti-icing and deicing.
The movement between the base 200 and the moving part 1 is relative. With reference to the base 200, the moving part 1 moves relative to the base 200 under the driving of the electric driving assembly. Similarly, with the moving part 1 as a reference, the base 200 moves correspondingly relative to the moving part 1 under the driving of the electric driving assembly. Accordingly, the motor 11 can also be disposed on the moving part 1, and accordingly, the motor 11 is in transmission connection with the base 200 through a clutch mechanism to drive the base 200 to generate relative movement with respect to the moving part 1. To put it more broadly, in the case where there are a plurality of moving parts 1, with respect to a part of the moving parts 1, another part of the moving parts 1 may be regarded as a part of the base 200. That is, for two moving parts 1 moving relatively, one of which can be regarded as a reference object, and which are regarded as relatively stationary, they are regarded as a part of the base 200.
The insulating member 106 is a device capable of withstanding the action of voltage and mechanical stress, mounted between conductors of different potentials or between a conductor and a grounded member. The insulators are various in types and shapes, and different types of insulators have different structures and shapes and generally comprise an insulating part and a connecting hardware fitting. The insulating member 106 is made of a rigid or flexible insulating material, and is commonly known as: the insulator is composed of one or more of insulators, insulator strings, insulating ropes, post insulators, composite insulators, glass insulators and ceramic insulators in series and/or in parallel. The insulating member 106 in the present invention is used for maintaining electrical insulation between two members with different potentials, and is also used for conducting the acting force generated by the movement of the moving mechanism 105 between two members with different potentials in an overhead line tower system or an electric railway contact system tower system.
In some embodiments, the base 200 has a cavity in which the moving part 1 and the clutch mechanism are disposed. In some embodiments, a spring is provided between the base 200 and the moving part 1. The spring can accelerate the return speed of the moving part 1 in a non-driven state, so that ice and snow attached to the equipment can fall off more easily. On the other hand, because the spring exists, the stress at two ends of the moving mechanism 105 can be kept relatively stable when the moving mechanism is static, so that the matching of the moving part 1 and the base and the connection of the moving part 1 and the clutch mechanism are kept relatively tight, and unnecessary oscillation and collision are reduced. In some embodiments, the overhead line ice and ice protection device based on the moving mechanism 105 and the insulating member 106 further includes a motor controller electrically connected to the motor 11 for controlling the motor 11 to operate, namely: the motor rotates forwards, reversely, stops and adjusts the rotating speed of the motor, and correspondingly, the time length of the separation state of the driving part and the driven part can also be set by the motor controller.
The number of the moving mechanism 105 and/or the insulating member 106 is one or more, and the plurality of moving mechanisms 105 and the plurality of insulating members 106 are connected in series in any order and are arranged between two members with different potentials in an overhead line tower system or an electric railway contact system tower system. The insulating part 106 is used for maintaining electrical insulation between two parts with different potentials, and the moving mechanism 105 is used for generating potential energy change between the two parts with different potentials so as to generate a vibration effect, so that the purposes of preventing and removing ice are achieved. Accordingly, a control module may be added for controlling the plurality of motion mechanisms 105 in a device to operate at a set timing and/or frequency.
The device for preventing and removing ice and ice of overhead line based on the moving mechanism 105 and the insulating component 106 further comprises an energy acquisition module, and the energy acquisition module can acquire wind energy, solar energy, magnetic field energy and the like. In this embodiment, the energy obtaining module includes one or more induction power-taking units 103 (see fig. 13 and 14) installed on the overhead transmission line conductor at equal potential, where the induction power-taking unit 103 includes an iron core 802 sleeved outside the conductor 708, the iron core 802 is wound with a secondary coil 803, and exemplarily, a first current I flows through the conductor 708 1 Generating an induced current I on the secondary coil 2 And then the output voltage U is generated by an AC/DC circuit or an AC/AC circuit o And an output current I o And the output is output to the electric driving assembly or is output to the electric driving assembly through an energy storage battery or a capacitor. The induction electricity taking unit 103 is used for converting magnetic field energy around the wire into electric energy and supplying the electric energy to the electric driving assembly. The plurality of induction electricity taking units 103 may be connected in series and/or in parallel.
The electric drive assembly comprises an electric motor 11 and a clutch mechanism, wherein the clutch mechanism is a key component of the present invention. The clutch mechanism is a state-controllable acting force, torque or motion transmission mechanism. The clutch mechanism comprises an input end, an output end, a driving component and a driven component. The input end is connected with the driving part, and the driven part is connected with the output end. The driving part and the driven part have two mutually exclusive and controllable working states of connection and separation. When the driving member is engaged with the driven member, the driving member is in mechanical transmission connection with the driven member for transmitting force, torque or motion from the driving member to the driven member. When the driving part and the driven part are in a separated state, the mechanical transmission connection between the driving part and the driven part is cut off, and the driving part is cut off to transmit acting force, torque or motion to the driven part. It should be noted that: (1) because a clutch mechanism may include multiple driving and driven members, and the driving and driven members may be one-to-many or many-to-one, the engaged or disengaged state is specific to a particular pair of driving and driven members. However, when a clutch mechanism has only one pair of driving member and driven member, then the state of engagement or disengagement of the driving member and the driven member is the state of the clutch mechanism. Without causing confusion, the state of the clutch mechanism is equivalent to the state between a certain pair of driving and driven members. (2) The above "controllable" is relative to "random" or "occurring with a certain probability", i.e.: when the determined condition is satisfied, the state between the driving member and the driven member is also determined. (3) Under normal working conditions, when the driving part is jointed with the driven part, the transmission direction of acting force, torque or movement is unidirectional, but when the resistance of the driven part is larger than the driving force of the driving part, the transmission direction is reversed, so that the device can be damaged, and therefore, sufficient margin needs to be reserved in the design stage, and unidirectional transmission of the driving part to the driven part is ensured under various conditions.
The clutch mechanism is divided into an operation clutch mechanism and an automatic control clutch mechanism according to different control modes. The clutch mechanism is operated to enable the clutch mechanism to be in an engaged state or a disengaged state by operating the engaging element, wherein the engaged state and the disengaged state can be generally switched according to requirements at any time. According to different control mechanisms of the operating clutch, the operating clutch can be divided into a mechanical clutch, an electromagnetic clutch, a hydraulic clutch and a pneumatic clutch. The clutch mechanism can be divided into a normally open clutch and a normally closed clutch according to different states after the operating force is removed. Depending on whether or not there is damping during the transmission of forces or movements between the driving and driven members, there are clutches with damping and clutches without damping, i.e. elastic clutches and rigid clutches. In the operating clutch mechanism, a clutch control unit is a control module for controlling the engagement or disengagement of the clutch mechanism, the engagement or disengagement actions of a driving part and a driven part are completed by the clutch control unit and relevant control mechanisms, the operating clutch mechanisms of different control mechanism types correspond to different clutch control units, and the clutch control unit of an electromagnetic clutch is a general name including an electromagnetic coil for controlling the engagement or disengagement of the clutch and a control circuit thereof. Corresponding to the clutch control unit is the clutch mechanical unit, namely: the mechanical parts for transmitting acting force, torque or motion in the clutch mechanism comprise a driving part, a driven part, an input end, an output end and the like. Obviously, the control flexibility of the control clutch mechanism is very high, the application range is very wide, but the control cost is also very high, the control of the engaging and disengaging states of the clutch mechanism generally needs to adopt active control, and passive control can hardly be realized. In the field of automobile engineering, active control schemes are adopted for common electromagnetic clutches, friction clutches and hydraulic clutches. Such clutches are primarily operated to engage or disengage two states, driving or disengaging a driving member to a driven member to transmit torque or motion coaxially. In the field of electrical engineering, common mechanisms that similarly utilize active control to implement clutch functions include: the electromagnetic valve and the hydraulic pump in the hydraulic operating mechanism of the circuit breaker control the energy storage and release of high and low pressure oil flow, and the electromagnetic mechanism in the spring operating mechanism of the circuit breaker controls the lock catch to release the energy storage and release, wherein the driving part and the driven part are in fluid transmission connection, and the driving part and the driven part are in mechanical transmission connection. In the invention, the transmission of the force applied by the driving part to the driven part is driven or cut off by introducing the clutch mechanism and utilizing the connection or disconnection state of the clutch mechanism, thereby realizing the moving matching of the motion part 1 and the base 200. The first operating clutch mechanism 901 in fig. 2, and the telescopic motion of the cylindrical guide sleeve and the sliding screw rod in cooperation with the position switch shown in fig. 17 to 23 belong to devices or mechanisms for realizing the clutch function by active control. Compared with an operating clutch mechanism, the self-control clutch mechanism is a clutch mechanism with a self-engaging or self-disengaging function of an engaging element when certain performance parameters, state structures and motion states of a driving part or a driven part are changed. Common automatic control clutches include overrunning clutches, centrifugal clutches, safety clutches, and the like. These clutches achieve a self-engaging or disengaging function by utilizing a change in speed or a change in rotational direction of a driving member or a driven member, or utilizing the centrifugal force action of a centrifugal body, or limiting the transmitted torque or rotational speed from exceeding a limit value. Obviously, the state control of the automatic clutch is determined by the self running state or the structural parameters, and the relative control device is simpler.
Under the condition of meeting the actual working requirements of the device for preventing and removing ice, the function of the clutch mechanism can be further simplified, so that the economy and the reliability are improved. First, the clutch control scheme is simplified. For the operation clutch, a position switch may be provided on the base 200 for acquiring the position of the moving part 1, and the clutch control unit operates the driving member and the driven member into an engaged or disengaged state according to the output of the position switch. In some examples, the clutch mechanism is a self-controlled clutch mechanism; the clutch mechanism automatically enters an engaged or disengaged state by utilizing the motion state and/or the structural change of a driving part or a driven part; the driving part is provided with a first joint part and a separation part, the driven part is provided with a second joint part, when the first joint part is matched with the second joint part, the driving part and the driven part enter a joint state, and when the separation part is matched with the second joint part, the driving part and the driven part enter a separation state. In some automatic control clutch mechanisms, a driving part is an incomplete gear, a tooth section and a smooth section are sequentially arranged in the circumferential direction, a first joint part is the tooth section, and a separation part is the smooth section; the driven part is a rack, and the second joint part is a tooth section on the rack. In some automatic control clutch mechanisms, a driving part is an incomplete gear, a tooth section and a smooth section are sequentially arranged in the circumferential direction, a first joint part is the tooth section, and a separation part is the smooth section; the driven part is a gear, and the second joint part is a tooth part on the gear; alternatively, the driven member is a gear set and the second engagement is a tooth of an input gear of the gear set. In some self-controlled clutch mechanisms, the rotation direction of the cam of the driving part and the position of the bulge are utilized to be matched with the joint part of the swing rod of the driven part, and the driven part enters a joint or separation state. Second, the clutch mechanism may have relative movement during the transmission process, and the relative movement may also have cumulative effect, so that when the driving member and the driven member are brought into engagement, a process of engagement buffering is required, and rigid connection between the two members cannot be adopted. If the speed difference between the driving part and the driven part is small when the clutch mechanism enters the engaging state from the disengaging state, and the relative movement between the driving part and the driven part is small in the engaging state, in this case, the corresponding driving part and the driven part can be in rigid connection. The rigid connection is adopted under the condition that the rigid connection is used, the energy transmission efficiency is high, the economical efficiency is good, the number of components is small, and the reliability is high. And thirdly, a periodic switching strategy is adopted for switching control of the engaging state and the disengaging state, the device performs energy storage and energy release operation repeatedly, the state switching strategy also meets the working requirements of the device on ice prevention and ice removal, and the whole clutch mechanism and the control thereof are simplified. The setting or adjustment of the device operation cycle can be realized by using the state of the automatic clutch mechanism and the change of the structural parameters. The self-control clutch mechanism with simplified functions can be realized by adopting a passive device, and the corresponding mechanism can be realized by adopting an incomplete gear matched rack mechanism (figure 4), an incomplete gear matched gear mechanism (figures 6, 7 and 8) or a cam matched swing rod mechanism (figure 12). The clutch mechanism preferably adopts a self-control clutch scheme realized by a passive device, reduces the number of equipment elements for realizing the clutch mechanism, reduces the control complexity, and improves the system operation reliability and economy.
In an actual usage environment, when the clutch mechanism is switched from the engaged state to the disengaged state, the clutch mechanism must be maintained in the disengaged state for a sufficiently long time to be able to enter the engaged state again. The reason is that after the clutch mechanism is switched from the engaging state to the disengaging state, the spring immediately and rapidly releases the elastic potential energy accumulated in the engaging state, if the spring releases the elastic potential energy, the clutch mechanism enters the engaging state, and at this time, the clutch mechanism and the motor 11 in transmission connection with the clutch mechanism will be subjected to the impact force of the reverse movement of the moving part 1 in the releasing process of the elastic potential energy, so that the clutch mechanism and the motor 11 are damaged by overload. Similarly, during the process of releasing the elastic potential energy by the spring, after the moving part impacts the stop part, there is a process of finally stopping oscillation attenuation, and for this reason, a clutch mechanism is also neededThe clutch mechanism and the motor 11 are kept in the separation state for a certain time to enter the engagement state again, so that the overload damage of the clutch mechanism and the motor 11 is avoided. In a corresponding implementation, if the clutch mechanism of the clutch control unit is used, it is necessary to control the clutch to remain in the disengaged state for a sufficiently long time, or the clutch mechanism needs to be in the disengaged state for a conveniently set length of time. If a clutch mechanism of an incomplete gear is used, it is necessary that the smooth portion of the incomplete gear maintain a sufficient arc. According to the test results of the examples of the present invention, it is recommended that the duration of the separation state should be more than 1 second. If the inherent minimum duration of the disengaged state of the clutch mechanism is T C The duration of the disengagement state set by the clutch mechanism is T 1 Then, it should satisfy: t is 1 >T C And T 1 >1s. Obviously, the separation state duration may be set, meaning that the separation state is a stable state that may be maintained, changed, or extended, rather than a transitory, transient, non-maintained state. By setting the duration of the separation state of the clutch mechanism, the reliability of the clutch mechanism can be effectively improved, the frequency of the action of the anti-icing and deicing device can be conveniently adjusted, the types of the anti-icing and deicing device are increased, or the anti-icing and deicing device can be matched with different devices according to a set time sequence to act, so that the anti-icing and deicing effects are improved. In fact, the frequency of the device action can also be adjusted by setting the duration of the engagement state, but this idea presents difficulties to a different extent in the following three implementations. (1) If there is no non-return mechanism between the motor 11 and the driving part, in this case, the two are kept in a static state in the joint state, which will result in the possibility of damaging the motor by the motor 11, such as stalling, and reduce the reliability of the device. (2) If a non-return mechanism exists between the motor 11 and the driving part in transmission connection, although the possibility of damaging the motor 11 due to motor stalling and the like can not be caused, the motor 11 needs larger starting torque and larger starting current when being restarted, the motor 11 is easily damaged, and the reliability of the device is reduced. (3) The length of time for which the engagement state is changed by reducing the rotation speed of the electric motor 11 in the engagement state also needs to be taken into account for relatively complicated motor control caused by torque fitting or the like.
The anti-icing and deicing device of the invention completes a process from slowly accumulating energy to quickly releasing energy from the initial time when the clutch mechanism is switched from the on state to the off state and then switched back to the on state. Accordingly, the moving part 1 performs a process of slowly moving from the initial position to the final position and rapidly returning to the initial position with respect to the base 200. The driving part and the driven part can also have set separation state duration, and the frequency of the actions of the anti-icing and deicing device can be set by utilizing the duration of the separation state of the driving part and the driven part. The process is repeated repeatedly, so that a vibration effect with a certain frequency is generated between two different potential parts in an overhead line tower wire system or an electric railway contact net tower net system, the process of ice coating generation is effectively inhibited or interfered, and the purposes of preventing and removing ice are achieved. Obviously, if the moving part 1 moves linearly at a non-uniform speed with respect to the base 200, acceleration is generated on the overhead line through the insulating member 106, and the anti-icing and de-icing effects are achieved. Correspondingly, there are many mechanisms that can drive the moving part 1 to generate non-uniform linear motion relative to the base 200, and common mechanical mechanisms include a crank link mechanism, a slider-crank mechanism, a cam mechanism, and the like. According to the invention, the two states of engagement and disengagement of the clutch mechanism are matched with the two states of energy storage and energy release, so that the energy density and the power density of the device are obviously improved, and the effects of ice prevention and ice removal are greatly improved. The clutch mechanism in the present invention provides a total of 6 implementation examples.
(1) As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the clutch mechanism is an operating clutch mechanism, and includes a first operating clutch mechanism 901, a first gear 5031, and a first rack 5021.
An output shaft 902 of the motor 11 is in transmission connection with the input end of the first control clutch mechanism (901), and a first rack (5021) is the output end; the cooperation between the first gear 5031 and the first rack 5021 converts the rotational motion output by the first operating clutch 901 into the linear motion of the first rack 5021, the moving part 1 is disposed on the first rack 5021, a position switch needs to be disposed at the starting position and the ending position of the stroke of the first rack 5021 or the moving part 1 (or the moving mechanism 105), and a position signal output by the position switch is used as an input signal for controlling the first operating clutch 901, so as to control the engaging and disengaging states of the first operating clutch 901. The first operating clutch mechanism 901 may be an electromagnetic clutch. The duration of the disengagement state of the driving part and the driven part is set by the clutch control unit.
(2) As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the clutch mechanism is a self-control clutch mechanism, and includes a second gear 5012 and a second rack 5022. The second gear 5012 is an incomplete gear having a tooth section and a smooth section. The driving member is a second gear 5012, the first engaging portion on the driving member is a tooth section of the second gear 5012, and the separating portion on the driving member is a smooth section of the second gear 5012. The driven member is a second rack 5022, and the second engaging portion is a tooth portion of the second rack 5022. The input shaft of the second gear 5012 is the input end, and the second rack 5022 is the output end.
The second gear 5012 is in transmission connection with an output shaft of the motor 11, the moving part 1 is arranged on the second rack 5022, when a tooth section of the second gear 5012 is matched with the second rack 5022, the clutch is engaged, and when a smooth section of the second gear 5012 is matched with the second rack 5022, the clutch is disengaged. The duration of the disengaged state is set by the arc of the smooth section of the second gear 5012 or by the motor controller of the motor 11. In some examples, the clutch mechanism further includes a first gear set disposed on the base 200 through which the second gear 5012 is drivingly connected with the second rack 5022; the second gear 5012 is in transmission connection with the input end of the first gear set, and the output end of the first gear set is in transmission connection with the second rack 5022.
(3) In the examples of fig. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, the clutch mechanism is an automatic clutch mechanism, and includes a third gear 301 and a winding portion 308, and the third gear 301 is an incomplete gear having a tooth section and a smooth section. The driving part is a third gear 301, the first engaging part on the driving part is a tooth section of the third gear 301, and the separating part on the driving part is a smooth section of the third gear 301. The driven member is a winding portion 308 having a full gear at one end and the second engagement portion is a tooth portion of the full gear at one end of the winding assembly (308).
The third gear 301 is in transmission connection with an output shaft of the motor 11, one end of the winding portion 308, which is provided with a complete gear, is matched with the third gear 301, and the winding portion 308 is driven by the third gear 301 to wind the flexible traction rope 307 to draw the movement portion 1 to realize movement. The clutch mechanism is engaged when the tooth section of the third gear 301 is engaged with the winding portion 308, and the clutch mechanism is disengaged when the smooth section of the third gear 301 is engaged with the winding portion 308. The length of the disengagement state is set by the arc of the smooth section of the third gear 301 or by the motor controller of the motor 11. In some examples, in order to increase the moving distance of the moving part 1, a second gear set 302 is additionally arranged, and the second gear set 302 is in transmission connection between the third gear 301 and the winding part 308.
Compared with the incomplete gear matching rack mode in fig. 4, a winding shaft 308 is added, the moving part 1 is pulled by winding a flexible traction rope 307 around the winding shaft 308, the moving part 1 is moved, although the mechanism is relatively complex, the driving mode is more flexible, and the moving part 1 can generate a relatively large distance. The second gear set 302 can be omitted if the distance of displacement of the moving part 1 is not considered, and the third gear 301 (incomplete gear) is directly used to drive the complete gear on the shaft of the winding part 308. As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the pulling rope 307 is an insulating rope, and the composite insulator is hollow axially, so that the insulating rope can pass through the hollow center of the composite insulator, and the moving part 1 at the other end of the pulling insulating part 106 (composite insulator) moves to generate displacement change to realize ice prevention and ice removal.
(4) The motion mechanism 105 in fig. 11 adopts a structure that a connecting rod is matched with the electric drive assembly and the motion part 1, and has the effect similar to the effect of the motion mechanism 105 which is used independently in fig. 1 and 3, because the connecting rod structure is adopted, the motion effect can be amplified to a certain degree, or the torque which needs to be output by the motor 11 during the motion can be reduced, and the effect similar to a lever or a speed change mechanism can be realized.
(5) The clutch mechanism in fig. 12 is a self-controlled clutch mechanism, and is realized by a mode that a cam pulls a swing rod (a motion part 1 is arranged on the swing rod), a driving part is a cam, a driven part is a swing rod, and the driving part and the driven part are rigidly connected. According to the different rotation directions of the cams, the first joint part on the driving part is the edge surface part of the contact side of the cam profile edge surface convex part and the swing rod, the separation part on the driving part is the other edge surface parts of the cam profile edge surface, and the second joint part on the driven part is the edge surface part of the contact side of the swing rod and the cam convex part. When the cam is engaged with the swing link, the acting force of the rotational motion of the cam pulls the wire 708 away from the equilibrium position, and when the wire 708 leaves the equilibrium position, the swing link is displaced in the direction of the force applied to the connection between the motion mechanism 105 and the insulating member 106, and the wire 708 accumulates potential energy. When the cam is separated from the rocker, and the wire 708 quickly returns to the equilibrium position under the action of tension and/or gravitational potential energy and the spring.
(6) As shown in fig. 15, 16, and 17 to 23, the clutch mechanism is a manipulation clutch mechanism, and includes a first controller (which may be the same hardware as the motor controller), a first position switch (12), a second position switch (13), an input shaft gear (10), a spline shaft (3), a sliding screw (100), a sliding nut sleeve (2), and a guide sleeve (4). The clutch controller realizes the control of the switching of the engaging and disengaging states of the clutch mechanism through the first controller. The first end of the guide sleeve 4 is connected with the base 200, and the second end of the guide sleeve 4 is of a sleeve-shaped structure; the first end of the spline shaft 3 is connected with the guide sleeve 4 in a matching way through a bearing 8, and a spline shaft gear 9 is arranged at the first end of the spline shaft 3; the input shaft gear 10 is arranged on an output shaft of the motor 11, and the input shaft gear 10 is meshed with the spline shaft gear 9; the first end of the sliding screw 100 is connected with the moving part 1, the second end of the sliding screw 100 is provided with a spline hole, the second end of the sliding screw 100 is sleeved outside the second end of the spline shaft 3, the second end of the sliding screw 100 is in axial spline fit with the second end of the spline shaft 3, the outer wall of the second end of the sliding screw 100 is provided with threads, and the middle part of the sliding screw 100 is provided with a circular truncated cone; the sliding nut sleeve 2 is of a sleeve-shaped structure, the inner wall of the sliding nut sleeve 2 is provided with threads, the sliding nut sleeve 2 is sleeved outside the second end of the sliding screw rod 100, the sliding nut sleeve 2 is in threaded fit connection with the second end of the sliding screw rod 100, and the outer wall of the sliding nut sleeve 2 is provided with a guide sliding block 16 and a clamping groove 15; the second end of the guide sleeve 4 is sleeved outside the sliding nut sleeve 2, the inner wall of the second end of the guide sleeve 4 is provided with a guide sliding groove 14 in an axially extending mode, the guide sliding groove 14 is in sliding fit with a guide sliding block 16, the guide sleeve 4 is provided with a pawl mechanism and consists of a pawl 5, a pin shaft 6, a pawl spring 71 and a mounting seat, the pawl 5 is used for being in clamping fit with a clamping groove 15, the middle of the guide sleeve 4 is provided with a first position switch 12, the second end of the guide sleeve 4 is provided with a second position switch 13, and the first position switch 12 and the second position switch 13 are respectively used for monitoring two trigger points axially arranged at intervals on the sliding nut sleeve 2 and forming trigger signals; the first controller is connected with the first position switch 12, the second position switch 13 and the motor 11; when the middle circular table of the sliding screw 100 is contacted with the second position switch 13, the second position switch 13 limits the position of the sliding screw 100 and sends a trigger signal to the first controller, the motor 11 is controlled to rotate along the first direction, the sliding screw 100 rotates under the action of the spline shaft 3, the sliding nut sleeve 2 contracts along the axial direction under the action of the sliding screw 100 until a pawl 5 of the pawl mechanism is clamped into a clamping groove 15 at the upper end of the sliding nut sleeve 2 under the action of a pawl spring 71, and the position of the sliding nut sleeve 2 is fixed and the first position switch 12 is triggered; when the first controller receives a trigger signal sent by the first position switch 12, the motor 11 is controlled to rotate along the second direction, the sliding nut sleeve 2 cannot move upwards along the axial direction under the limiting action of the pawl 5, the sliding screw 100 contracts under the combined action of the spline shaft 3 and the sliding nut sleeve 2 until the middle circular table of the sliding screw 100 moves to the pawl mechanism, the pawl 5 clamped in the square clamping groove 15 at the upper end of the sliding nut sleeve 2 is ejected out, so that the sliding nut sleeve 2 is not restrained, and the moving part 1 is axially stretched relative to the guide sleeve 4 under the action of tension and/or gravity between two parts with different electric potentials in an overhead line tower system or an electric iron contact network tower system. The duration of the disengaged state of the driving part and the driven part is set by means of a motor controller of the motor (11).
In some examples, the electric driving assembly includes a motion converting mechanism, in addition to the motor 11 and the clutch mechanism, for converting the rotational motion of the motor into the motion required by the moving part 1, such as the mechanism of the first gear 5031 and the first rack 5021 in fig. 1, which are engaged to convert the rotational motion conducted by the motor 11 and the clutch mechanism 901 into the linear motion.
In some examples, the clutch mechanism not only has a clutch function, but also has a motion conversion function, such as the clutch mechanism in fig. 3 and 4, which uses a structure in which the second (incomplete) gear 5012 is engaged with the second rack 5022, such as the clutch mechanism in fig. 5 and 6, which uses a structure in which the third (incomplete) gear 301 is engaged with the winding portion 308, the former converts a rotational motion into a telescopic motion of the moving portion 1 through a rack-and-pinion structure, and the latter converts a rotational motion into a telescopic motion of the moving portion 1 by winding the flexible traction rope 307 through the winding portion 308.
In the operation of the clutch mechanism, the electric drive assembly includes the motor 11 and the clutch mechanism, and also needs a corresponding position switch (or a limit switch, or a time controller is matched with the motor rotation speed to achieve the same effect as the position switch), the position switch (or the limit switch) is arranged at the starting position and the ending position of the movement part 1 (or the movement mechanism 105), and the switch position is used for triggering the required state of the clutch mechanism or triggering the required rotation direction of the generator.
When the clutch mechanism enters an engaged state, the moving part 1 moves away from the initial point position, and displacement is generated along with slow movement of the moving part 1, so that the anti-icing and deicing device starts to slowly accumulate tension potential energy and/or gravitational potential energy and elastic potential energy of the spring. When the moving part 1 moves to the critical position of the termination point, the energy accumulated by the anti-icing and deicing device reaches the extreme value. After the moving part 1 passes through the critical position of the termination point, the clutch mechanism enters a separation state, the driving force of the electric drive assembly on the moving part 1 is cut off, the accumulated energy reaching the extreme value is released into an overhead line tower system or between two different potential components in an electric railway contact net tower system through the moving part 1 and the insulating component 106, displacement mutation between the two different potential components is caused, at least one component moves rapidly to generate acceleration, the moving part 1 returns to the initial position along with energy release, one energy accumulation and release cycle is completed, and the aim of preventing and removing ice can be achieved by repeating the action processes periodically. Further, by utilizing the length of time of the separation state, the frequency of the operation of the ice protection and removal device based on the movement mechanism and the insulating member can be set.
Fig. 10 of an invention of an overhead line deicing device (CA 2444216A1/CA2444216C/US7310948B 2) shows a process of deicing according to the invention, and it can be seen from the figure that a deicing operation includes 6 operation steps which are sequentially executed, respectively: energy input, energy collection, energy storage, energy release of a trigger mechanism and energy application of an actuating mechanism to a lead to complete vibration deicing, wherein the energy storage is not a necessary working step. Obviously, the device works more as an idea of deicing, is a subsequent solution, considers fewer ice protection, correspondingly, is a working process sequentially and once, collects input energy, stores the collected energy, triggers to release the collected energy, and then outputs the energy to the overhead line by using an execution system. The problem with such a deicing workflow is obvious because once the conductor is finished being iced, the adhesion between the ice layers is tight, and the deicing effect is extremely limited simply by causing the conductor to vibrate. Meanwhile, in consideration of the fact that the energy obtained in the equipotential field of the wire is extremely limited, the deicing means is further restricted under the condition that enough energy cannot be supplied. In addition, the meteorological conditions, the environmental conditions and the line state which generate the icing change relatively slowly, the triggering conditions corresponding to the meteorological conditions, the environmental conditions and the line state cannot be changed or adjusted in time, and the device cannot generate different vibration frequencies according to different types of icing, so that the deicing effect of the ice-removing device is greatly limited.
Unlike the present invention, the apparatus of the present application employs the working steps of periodically repeating and cycling the anti-icing and de-icing at a certain frequency. Fig. 27 shows the flow of the ice and ice protection operation of the present invention. When the device runs, the energy acquisition module provides electric energy for the whole device, and the device determines whether to enter an anti-icing and de-icing state according to on-site meteorological conditions, line icing types and states or manual instructions. Once the device enters the anti-icing and deicing state, the electrified motor 11 continuously outputs mechanical energy, and when the clutch mechanism enters the engagement state, the motor 11 drives the moving part 1 to slowly leave the initial point position relative to the base 200 through the clutch mechanism, and starts to slowly accumulate elastic potential energy, tension potential energy and gravitational potential energy of the spring along with the displacement of the moving part 1. When the moving part 1 moves to the critical position of the termination point, the energy accumulated by the device reaches the extreme value. When the motion part 1 crosses the critical position of the termination point, the clutch mechanism enters a separation state, the electric drive assembly cuts off the driving force on the motion part 1, the device instantly releases the accumulated potential energy into an overhead line tower wire system or between two different potential parts in an electric railway contact net tower wire system through the motion part 1 and the insulating part 106 to cause displacement mutation between the two different potential parts, so that at least one part rapidly moves to generate acceleration, the motion part 1 returns to the initial position again along with energy release to complete one energy accumulation to release cycle, and the above action processes are periodically repeated, so that the overhead line generates a vibration effect according to different ice coating types and a certain frequency, and the ice prevention and removal of the overhead transmission line are realized.
In order to better meet the field practice, the invention optimizes, balances and compromises the reliability of the device, the energy density of unit mass, the energy use efficiency, the anti-icing and deicing effects and the like. By using a clutch mechanism, the energy density of the device is increased in case of insufficient energy supply. By adopting the simple and reliable automatic control clutch mechanism, the reliability of the passive device is relatively high, and the number of used components is reduced, so that the overall reliability of the device is greatly improved. Besides, the power density of the motor, the reliability of the motor, the transformation ratio of the speed change mechanism, the parameter of the incomplete gear, the parameter of the energy storage device, the moving distance of the moving part and other state parameters can be comprehensively optimized, so that the overall performance of the device can be improved.
As shown in fig. 1,3,5,9, 11, 12, 15, 16, the device for ice protection and deicing of an overhead line based on the moving mechanism 105 and the insulating member 106 is used between a phase conductor and a phase conductor or between a phase conductor and an overhead ground wire. The two conditions are suitable for the ice and ice prevention of the phase conductor and the overhead ground wire, and the vibration effect caused by the acting force generated by the motion of the motion mechanism 105 can be transmitted to the conductor and the overhead ground wire through the composite insulator of the phase-to-phase and ground spacers to realize the ice and ice prevention. Because the overhead ground wire is difficult to obtain energy, the energy supply of the overhead ground wire side movement mechanism 105 is preferably supplied by a photovoltaic cell panel and an energy storage capacitor or an energy storage battery connected with the photovoltaic cell panel. In both cases, the moving mechanism 105 bears the tension and/or gravity between the phase conductor and the phase conductor, or between the phase conductor and the overhead ground wire, and in order to obtain a good anti-icing and de-icing effect, the electric driving assembly needs to drive the moving part 1 to generate a large displacement. Depending on different actual operating conditions, both ends of the moving mechanism 105 may be simultaneously pulled outwards or simultaneously pressed inwards.
The overhead line anti-icing and deicing device based on the movement mechanism 105 and the insulating part 106 is used for the post insulator 108 of the inclined cantilever 601 of the electric railway contact net, two ends of the post insulator 107 of the horizontal cantilever 602, or between the catenary 607, the contact wire 608 and the post (tower) 610 of the electric railway contact net. The inclined cantilever post insulator 107 or the horizontal cantilever post insulator 108 of the electric railway contact net is used as an insulating part 106, a moving mechanism 105 (figure 26) is added at one end of the insulating part 106, or the post insulator (such as 107 or 108) or a flexible traction (or flexible insulation) rope 612 is used as the insulating part 106, and the moving mechanism 105 (figure 24 and figure 25) is added at one end of the post, so that the vibration effect caused by the acting force generated by the movement of the moving mechanism 105 can be transmitted to the contact net through the cantilever arms (601 and 602) or the traction (or insulation) rope 612 of the post insulators (such as 107 and 108) to realize ice prevention and ice removal. The positioning tube 603, the light positioner 604, the positioning wire clamp 605, the windproof stay 606, the hanger 609 and the like are inherent components of the electric railway contact network, and the pulley 611 is an additional component of the invention and is used for matching with the flexible traction (or insulation) rope 612 to transmit the acting force generated by the movement mechanism 105. Through the components, the acting force generated by the movement mechanism 105 is transmitted to the catenary 607 and the contact line 608, so that the purposes of ice prevention and ice removal of the electric railway contact net are achieved. In the case of the electro-pneumatic contact system, the moving mechanism 105 is engaged with the insulating member 106 (the post insulators 107 and 108), so that the moving mechanism 105 bears most of the weight of the electro-pneumatic contact system, the force required by the electric drive assembly to drive the moving part 1 is relatively large, and the displacement of the moving part 1 relative to the base 200 is preferably kept relatively small. Because of the weight of the partial catenary, the two ends of the moving mechanism 105 engaged with the oblique cantilever are always pressed towards the middle at the same time (fig. 26), while the moving mechanism 105 engaged with the horizontal cantilever and engaged with the flexible traction (or insulation) rope 612 are always pulled outwards at the two ends of the moving mechanism 105 (fig. 24, 25). Considering that a low-voltage power supply is provided along the ferroelectric contact network, a direct power supply mode is preferably selected for required energy supply.
The electric drive assembly further comprises a speed change mechanism which is in transmission connection between the motor 11 and the clutch mechanism or between the clutch mechanism and the moving part 1 and is responsible for conversion and transmission of acting force. The gear shifting mechanism may alternatively be integrated or integrated with the motor 11, or alternatively with the clutch mechanism. The speed change mechanism preferably has a check function. Besides selecting a mechanical speed change mechanism, the speed change mechanism can also select a speed change mechanism which is common in a breaker opening and closing operation mechanism, such as: the mechanism can also well complete the conversion and conduction of acting force and the accumulation of potential energy based on a hydraulic operating mechanism, an air compressor and a pneumatic motor of an electromagnetic valve and a hydraulic pump, and under the condition, active devices such as an electromagnetic pressure relief valve, a high-pressure gas electromagnetic valve and the like are needed to be adopted to realize the clutch function by matching with the mechanism. The mechanical speed change mechanism realized by a passive device is preferably selected, a gear speed change mechanism, a worm speed change mechanism or a planetary gear speed change mechanism can be adopted, the reliability and the economical efficiency of the operation of the device are improved, and the clutch mechanism matched with the device adopts passive control, so that the device is simple and reliable in structure and economical and practical in operation.
The device for ice and ice protection of overhead lines based on the moving mechanism 105 and the insulating member 106 further comprises a communication module for receiving a master station or manual command, or for communicating between different devices or relaying communication. The device further comprises an acceleration sensor for detecting the acceleration of the movement of the base 200 or the moving part 1 and comparing the detected acceleration with a set acceleration threshold to form status information.
The invention also discloses the following three anti-icing and deicing solutions which are fixedly arranged between two parts with different potentials of an overhead line or an electric railway contact network.
(1) An anti-icing and deicing spacer is arranged between phase conductors of an overhead transmission line or between the phase conductors and an overhead ground wire, and comprises a phase-to-phase and phase-to-ground composite insulator body serving as an insulating part 106 and a movement mechanism 105 arranged on the spacer body, wherein the movement mechanism 105 can be used as a part of a connecting hardware fitting.
(2) The utility model provides an anti-icing deicing oblique cantilever, horizontal cantilever post insulator, installs between electric iron contact net and pillar (shaft tower), includes oblique cantilever, horizontal cantilever post insulator body as insulating part 106 and installs motion 105 on oblique cantilever, horizontal cantilever post insulator body, motion 105 can regard as a part of link fitting.
(3) An anti-icing and deicing system comprises a plurality of overhead line anti-icing and deicing devices or a plurality of anti-icing and deicing inclined brackets and horizontal bracket post insulators based on a moving mechanism 105 and an insulating part 106, a plurality of overhead line anti-icing and deicing devices or a plurality of anti-icing and deicing inclined brackets and horizontal bracket post insulators based on the moving mechanism 105 and the insulating part 106, and easily-icing sections of overhead lines or electric railway overhead contact lines are installed in a distributed mode according to certain intervals. By adding an intelligent communication control module and a control system in the overhead line anti-icing and deicing device based on the moving mechanism 105 and the insulating part 106, a remote main station, or a manual command, or an autonomous control is utilized to coordinate and control the anti-icing and deicing modes, the timely action is intelligently controlled by combining the icing condition and the operating environment of the line, the action strategy of the device and the anti-icing and deicing modes of the line are reasonably selected, and the action is carried out according to a set time sequence and/or frequency, so that the influence of unbalanced deicing on the overhead line can be reduced.
The intelligent communication control module includes: the intelligent management system comprises a communication module, a motor controller, a first controller, a control module, a control system and an intelligent management unit. The communication module is communicated with the master station, the manual operator and other devices through a wireless network, has the functions of routing, relaying and forwarding information of other communication modules, and is networked with the communication modules of other devices to form an ad hoc network. Different control modules are mutually interacted through communication modules to form a control system, so that a plurality of overhead line anti-icing and deicing devices based on the movement mechanism 105 and the insulating part 106 or a plurality of anti-icing and deicing inclined wrists and horizontal wrists and strut insulators can be controlled to act at a set time sequence and/or frequency. The communication module of the intelligent communication control module can also communicate with the anti-icing and deicing methods or devices of other inventions and other principles, and cooperate with each other to jointly realize better anti-icing and deicing effects. The intelligent management unit has a self-checking function, is responsible for collecting state information of the environment and the device and reporting the state information to a master station or an operator through the communication module according to needs, and is responsible for integrating various information to judge whether to start or stop the anti-icing and deicing functions or select the required anti-icing and deicing strategies. The typical self-checking function includes that an acceleration sensor is added in the intelligent communication control module to detect the acceleration of the movement of the base 200 or the moving part 1, and the detected acceleration is compared with a set acceleration threshold value, so as to judge whether the movement generated by the device per se meets the requirement. Typical line ice protection and removal strategies include: for a tension section or a linear tower section, the motion sequence of the device is gradually transited from two sides to the middle or is opposite to the two sides; for the repeated ice-covered area, the distribution and installation number of the anti-icing and deicing devices is increased, and the action force and frequency of the device can be improved. The state information collected by the intelligent communication control module comprises: operating environment information, meteorological conditions, icing conditions, acceleration, vibration, audio and video, geographical position, time, and lead current state information. By adding intelligent coordination control, effective intervention is carried out on the deicing and deicing processes of the overhead lines which are already covered with ice, so that the safety of the overhead lines is ensured as a targeted deicing strategy, and devices in different positions are coordinated and controlled to perform orderly deicing, so that the problem of line deicing and jumping caused by large-range simultaneous deicing and deicing is solved, and the severity of the influence of full-gear deicing, concentrated deicing and unbalanced deicing on the overhead transmission line and a power grid is reduced.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a … …" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the same element.
The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, which enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (35)
1. An anti-icing and deicing device for an overhead line is fixedly installed on the overhead line or an electric railway contact network and is characterized by comprising a movement mechanism (105) and an insulating part (106), wherein one end of the movement mechanism (105) is connected with one end of the insulating part (106), the other end of the movement mechanism (105) and the other end of the insulating part (106) are connected between two parts with different potentials, and the two parts with different potentials are positioned in an overhead line tower line system or an electric railway contact network tower network system;
the motion mechanism (105) comprises a base (200), an electric drive assembly and a motion part (1); the electric drive assembly comprises a motor (11) and a clutch mechanism, the motor (11) is arranged on the base (200), the motion part (1) is movably matched with the base (200), and the motor (11) is in transmission connection with the motion part (1) through the clutch mechanism;
the clutch mechanism comprises an input end, an output end, a driving part and a driven part; the input end is connected with the driving component, and the driven component is connected with the output end; the driving part and the driven part have two mutually exclusive and controllable working states of connection and separation;
the driving member transmitting force, torque or motion to the driven member when the driving member is engaged with the driven member; when the driving part and the driven part are in a separated state, cutting off the transmission of acting force, torque or motion from the driving part to the driven part;
the driving part and the driven part have a set separation state duration;
the output end of the motor (11) is connected with the input end, and the output end of the motor is connected with the moving part (1);
the moving mechanism (105) and the insulating component (106) jointly transmit the acting force generated by the movement of the moving part (1) relative to the base (200) to an overhead line tower system or between two components with different potentials in an electric-railway contact network tower system;
when the driving part and the driven part are in a joint state, the electric drive assembly drives the moving part (1) to generate displacement relative to the base (200), and the displacement generates tension and/or gravitational potential energy change between two parts with different potentials in an overhead line tower system or an electric railway contact line tower system;
when the driving part and the driven part are in a separated state, the electric drive assembly cuts off the drive of the moving part (1), the moving part (1) losing the drive recovers the displacement generated relative to the base (200) under the action of tension and/or gravity between two parts with different potentials in an overhead line tower system or an electric railway contact net tower system, and further potential energy change between the two parts with different potentials is caused, at least one part generates acceleration due to the motion, and accordingly ice coating on the overhead line or the electric railway contact net is vibrated down.
2. Overhead line ice and ice protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that a stop is provided on the base (200), said stop being provided on the path of movement of the moving part (1) with respect to the base (200) for stopping or limiting the movement of the moving part (1) when the tension and/or gravity is released.
3. Overhead line ice and ice protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that a spring (7) is connected between the base (200) and the moving part (1).
4. The overhead line ice and ice protection device according to claim 1, wherein the insulating member (106) is made of rigid or flexible insulating material, and the insulating member (106) is composed of one or more of insulators, insulator strings, insulating ropes, composite insulators and post insulators connected in series and/or in parallel.
5. The overhead line ice and ice protection device according to claim 1, further comprising a motor controller electrically connected to the motor (11) for controlling the motor (11) to operate, wherein the operation includes rotating, stopping and adjusting speed.
6. The overhead line ice and ice protection apparatus of claim 5 wherein the duration of the disengaged state of the driving part and the driven part is set by the motor controller.
7. The overhead line ice and ice protection device according to claim 1, wherein said moving means (105) are made of conductive or insulating material, and said moving means (105) are one or more in number, connected in series and/or in parallel.
8. The overhead line ice and ice protection device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the moving mechanism (105) and/or the insulating member (106) is one or more, and a plurality of the moving mechanisms (105) and a plurality of the insulating members (106) are connected in series in any order and are arranged between two members with different electric potentials in an overhead line tower system or an electric railway contact line tower system.
9. The overhead line ice and ice protection apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising a control module for controlling a plurality of said moving mechanisms (105) to act at a set timing and/or frequency.
10. Overhead line ice and ice protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the base (200) of the movement mechanism (105) has a cavity in which the movement part (1) and the clutch mechanism are arranged.
11. The overhead line ice and ice protection device according to claim 1, further comprising an energy acquisition module, wherein the energy acquisition module comprises one or more induction electricity taking units (103) installed on the conductor in an equipotential manner, and the induction electricity taking units (103) are used for collecting magnetic field energy around the conductor, converting the magnetic field energy into electric energy and supplying the electric energy to the electric drive assembly;
or the energy acquisition module comprises a photovoltaic cell panel and an energy storage capacitor or an energy storage battery connected with the photovoltaic cell panel.
12. The overhead line ice and ice protection device according to claim 11, wherein a plurality of said induction electricity taking units (103) are connected in series and/or in parallel.
13. The overhead line ice and ice protection device according to claim 1, wherein the clutch mechanism is a controlled clutch mechanism, and further comprises a clutch control unit and a position switch, the clutch control unit is used for controlling the driving component and the driven component to be engaged and disengaged, the position switch is arranged on the base (200) and is used for acquiring the position information of the moving component (1), and the clutch control unit is used for controlling the driving component and the driven component to be engaged or disengaged according to the output of the position switch.
14. The overhead line ice and ice protection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the clutch mechanism is a self-controlled clutch mechanism;
the automatic control clutch mechanism automatically enters an engaging state or a disengaging state by utilizing the motion state and/or the change of the self structure of the driving part or the driven part;
the automatic control clutch mechanism is characterized in that the driving component is provided with a first joint part and a separating part, the driven component is provided with a second joint part, when the first joint part is matched with the second joint part, the automatic control clutch mechanism enters a joint state, and when the separating part is matched with the second joint part, the automatic control clutch mechanism enters a separating state.
15. The overhead line ice and ice protection device according to claim 14, wherein the driving member is an incomplete gear, and is circumferentially provided with a tooth section and a smooth section in sequence, the first engaging portion is the tooth section, and the separating portion is the smooth section; the driven part is a rack, and the second joint part is a tooth section on the rack.
16. The overhead line ice and ice protection device according to claim 14, wherein the driving member is an incomplete gear, and is circumferentially provided with a tooth section and a smooth section in sequence, the first engaging portion is the tooth section, and the separating portion is the smooth section;
the driven part is a gear, and the second joint part is a tooth part on the gear; alternatively, the driven member is a gear set and the second engagement formation is a tooth formation of an input gear of the gear set.
17. The overhead line ice and ice protection apparatus according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the length of time the driving part is separated from the driven part is set by the arc size of the incomplete gear smooth section.
18. The overhead line ice and ice protection apparatus of claim 1, wherein the clutch mechanism comprises: a first operating clutch mechanism (901), a first gear (5031) and a first rack (5021);
an output shaft (902) of the motor (11) is in transmission connection with the input end of the first control clutch mechanism (901), and the first rack (5021) is the output end; the moving part (1) is arranged on the first rack (5021); the first gear (5031) is matched with the first rack (5021) to convert the rotary motion output by the first gear (5031) into the linear motion of the first rack (5021);
the duration of the disengaged state of the driving member and the driven member is set by the clutch control unit of the first operating clutch mechanism (901).
19. The overhead line ice and ice protection device according to claim 1, wherein the clutch mechanism comprises a second gear (5012) and a second rack (5022), the second gear (5012) being an incomplete gear having a toothed section and a smooth section;
the driving member is the second gear (5012), and the driven member is the second rack (5022); the first joint part on the driving part is a tooth section of the second gear (5012), and the separation part on the driving part is a smooth section of the second gear (5012); the second joint part is a tooth part of the second rack (5022); the input shaft of the second gear (5012) is the input end, and the second rack (5022) is the output end; the second gear (5012) is in transmission connection with an output shaft (902) of the motor (11), and the moving part (1) is arranged on the second rack (5022);
the driving member is engaged with the driven member when a tooth section of the second gear (5012) is mated with the second rack (5022); when the smooth section of the second gear (5012) mates with the second rack (5022), the driving member is disengaged from the driven member;
the duration of the disengaged state of the driving member from the driven member is set by the arc of the smooth section of the second gear (5012).
20. The overhead line ice and ice protection apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the clutch mechanism further comprises a first gear set provided on the base (200), the second gear (5012) being in driving connection with the second rack (5022) through the first gear set; the second gear (5012) is in transmission connection with the input gear of the first gear set, and the output gear of the first gear set is in transmission connection with the second rack (5022).
21. The overhead line ice and ice protection apparatus of claim 1 wherein the clutching mechanism further comprises a take-up assembly (308) and a flexible pull-cord (307); the motor (11) is in transmission connection with the winding assembly (308) through the clutch mechanism; when the driving part is engaged with the driven part, the motor (11) can drive the winding assembly (308) to rotate; disconnecting the drive of the winding assembly (308) from the motor (11) when the driving member is disengaged from the driven member; one end of the flexible traction rope (307) is connected with the moving part (1), the other end of the flexible traction rope is wound on the winding assembly (308), and the moving part (1) is driven to generate the displacement relative to the base (1) through the rotation of the winding assembly (8).
22. The overhead line ice and ice protection device according to claim 21, wherein said clutch mechanism comprises a third gear (301) and said winding assembly (308) provided with a full gear at one end, said third gear (301) being an incomplete gear having a tooth section and a smooth section;
the driving part is the third gear (301), the driven part is the winding assembly (308) with one end provided with a complete gear, a first joint part on the driving part is a tooth section of the third gear (301), and a separation part on the driving part is a smooth section of the third gear (301); the second engagement portion provides a full tooth flank for one end of the winding assembly (308); the input end is the input shaft of the third gear (301), and the output end is the end of the winding assembly (308) for winding;
the third gear (301) is in transmission connection with an output shaft of the motor (11), one end, provided with a complete gear, of the winding assembly (308) is matched with the third gear (301), and the winding assembly (308) is driven by the third gear (301) to wind the flexible traction rope (307) to drag the motion part (1) to generate displacement; the driving member is engaged with the driven member when the tooth section of the third gear (301) is mated with the winding assembly (308); when the smooth section of the third gear (301) is engaged with the winding assembly (308), the driving member is disengaged from the driven member;
the disengagement state duration is set by the radian of the third gear (301) smooth section.
23. Overhead line ice and ice protection device according to claim 22, characterized in that said clutch mechanism comprises a second gear set (302), said second gear set (302) being drivingly connected between said third gear (301) and said winding assembly (308).
24. The overhead line ice and ice protection device according to claim 13, wherein the clutch mechanism is a manipulation clutch mechanism including a first controller, a first position switch (12), a second position switch (13), an input shaft gear (10), a spline shaft (3), a sliding screw (100), a sliding nut sleeve (2), and a pawl (5);
the driving part is a spline shaft (3), the driven part is a sliding nut sleeve (2) and a sliding screw rod (100), the input end is an input shaft gear (10), and the output end is a moving part (1); the clutch control unit includes: the first controller, the pawl (5), the square clamping groove (15) at the upper end of the sliding nut sleeve (2) and the middle circular table of the sliding screw rod (100) are arranged; the position switch includes: a first position switch (12) and a second position switch (13);
the first end of the guide sleeve (4) is connected with the base (200), and the second end of the guide sleeve (4) is of a sleeve-shaped structure; the first end of the spline shaft (3) is connected with the guide sleeve (4) in a matched mode through a bearing (8), and a spline shaft gear (9) is arranged at the first end of the spline shaft (3); the input shaft gear (10) is arranged on an output shaft of the motor (11), and the input shaft gear (10) is meshed with the spline shaft gear (9); the first end of the sliding screw rod (100) is connected with the moving part (1), the second end of the sliding screw rod (100) is provided with a spline hole, the second end of the sliding screw rod (100) is sleeved outside the second end of the spline shaft (3), the second end of the sliding screw rod (100) is in axial spline fit with the second end of the spline shaft (3), the outer wall of the second end of the sliding screw rod (100) is provided with threads, and the middle part of the sliding screw rod (100) is provided with a circular truncated cone; the sliding nut sleeve (2) is of a sleeve-shaped structure, threads are arranged on the inner wall of the sliding nut sleeve (2), the sliding nut sleeve (2) is sleeved outside the second end of the sliding screw rod (100), the sliding nut sleeve (2) is in threaded fit connection with the second end of the sliding screw rod (100), and a guide sliding block (16) and a clamping groove (15) are arranged on the outer wall of the sliding nut sleeve (2); the second end of the guide sleeve (4) is sleeved outside the sliding nut sleeve (2), a guide sliding groove (14) is axially arranged on the inner wall of the second end of the guide sleeve (4) in an extending mode, the guide sliding groove (14) is in sliding fit with the guide sliding block (16), a pawl mechanism is installed on the guide sleeve (4) and consists of a pawl (5), a pin shaft (6), a pawl spring (71) and a mounting seat, the pawl (5) is used for being in clamping and embedding fit with the clamping groove (15), a first position switch (12) is arranged in the middle of the guide sleeve (4), a second position switch (13) is arranged at the second end of the guide sleeve (4), and the first position switch (12) and the second position switch (13) are respectively used for monitoring two trigger points axially arranged on the sliding nut sleeve (2) at intervals and forming trigger signals; the first controller is connected with the first position switch (12), the second position switch (13) and the motor (11); when a circular truncated cone at the middle part of the sliding screw rod (100) is contacted with a second position switch (13), the second position switch (13) limits the position of the sliding screw rod (100), and sends a trigger signal to the first controller to control the motor (11) to rotate along a first direction, the sliding screw rod (100) rotates under the action of the spline shaft (3), the sliding nut sleeve (2) contracts along the axial direction under the action of the sliding screw rod (100) until a pawl (5) of the pawl mechanism is clamped into a square clamping groove (15) at the upper end of the sliding nut sleeve (2) under the action of a pawl spring (71), the position of the sliding nut sleeve (2) is fixed, and the first position switch (12) is triggered; when the first controller receives a trigger signal sent by the first position switch (12), the motor (11) is controlled to rotate along a second direction, the sliding nut sleeve (2) cannot move upwards along the axial direction under the limiting action of the pawl (5), under the combined action of the spline shaft (3) and the sliding nut sleeve (2), the sliding screw rod (100) contracts until the middle circular table of the sliding screw rod (100) moves to the pawl mechanism, the pawl (5) clamped into the square clamping groove (15) at the upper end of the sliding nut sleeve (2) is ejected out, so that the sliding nut sleeve (2) loses constraint, and the moving part (1) is axially stretched relative to the guide sleeve (4) under the action of tension and/or gravity between two parts with different potentials in an overhead line tower system or an electric contact network tower system;
the duration of the state of disengagement of the driving member from the driven member is set by the first controller.
25. The overhead line ice and ice protection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a frequency of operation of the overhead line ice and ice protection apparatus is set by a length of time in which the driving part is separated from the driven part.
26. Overhead line ice and ice protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrically driven assembly comprises a gear change mechanism which is drivingly connected between the motor (11) and the clutch mechanism or between the clutch mechanism and the moving part (1).
27. The overhead line ice and ice protection apparatus of claim 26 wherein the transmission mechanism has a non-return structure.
28. The overhead line ice and ice protection apparatus of claim 26 wherein the shifting mechanism is a mechanical shifting mechanism.
29. The overhead line ice and ice protection system according to claim 28, wherein said mechanical transmission mechanism is a gear transmission mechanism, a worm transmission mechanism or a planetary transmission mechanism.
30. The overhead line ice and ice protection apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a communication module for receiving a master station or manual command, or communicating between different devices or relaying communication.
31. Overhead line ice and ice protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises an acceleration sensor for detecting the acceleration of the movement of the base (200) or of the moving part (1) and comparing the detected acceleration with a set acceleration threshold to form status information.
32. An anti-icing and deicing spacer for use between phase conductors of an overhead transmission line or between phase conductors and an overhead ground wire, comprising an inter-phase spacer, a phase-ground spacer body and at least one anti-icing and deicing device based on a moving mechanism (105) and an insulating member (106) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 31 mounted on the spacer body.
33. An anti-icing and de-icing post insulator for use between an electrical railway catenary and a post, comprising an oblique cantilever, a horizontal cantilever post insulator body, and at least one anti-icing and de-icing device based on a moving mechanism (105) and an insulating member (106) according to any one of claims 1 to 31 mounted on the oblique cantilever and the horizontal cantilever post insulator body.
34. An anti-icing and deicing system for overhead lines or overhead line contact systems, comprising a plurality of anti-icing and deicing devices based on a moving mechanism (105) and an insulating component (106) or a plurality of anti-icing and deicing spacers or a plurality of anti-icing and deicing spiders, horizontal bracket post insulators according to any one of claims 1 to 33, and a plurality of anti-icing and deicing devices based on a moving mechanism (105) and an insulating component (106) or a plurality of anti-icing and deicing spacers or a plurality of anti-icing and deicing spiders, horizontal bracket post insulators, which are distributed and installed on the overhead lines or overhead line contact systems.
35. An anti-icing and de-icing system according to claim 34, further comprising a control system for controlling a plurality of said anti-icing and de-icing devices based on moving mechanisms (105) and insulating members (106) or a plurality of said anti-icing and de-icing spacers or a plurality of said anti-icing and de-icing booms, horizontal boom post insulators to operate at a set timing and/or frequency.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211352276.7A CN115483658A (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2022-10-31 | Overhead line anti-icing defroster, conductor spacer, post insulator and system |
| PCT/CN2023/078549 WO2024093065A1 (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2023-02-27 | Overhead line anti-icing deicing device, spacer, post insulator, and system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211352276.7A CN115483658A (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2022-10-31 | Overhead line anti-icing defroster, conductor spacer, post insulator and system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115483658A true CN115483658A (en) | 2022-12-16 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211352276.7A Pending CN115483658A (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2022-10-31 | Overhead line anti-icing defroster, conductor spacer, post insulator and system |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115483658A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024093065A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024093065A1 (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2024-05-10 | 李荷泉 | Overhead line anti-icing deicing device, spacer, post insulator, and system |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004239037A (en) * | 2003-02-05 | 2004-08-26 | Hiyama Iron Works Co Ltd | Snow remover by shock of overhead power transmission line |
| CN110011260B (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2023-11-10 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Automatic deicing device |
| CN115483658A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2022-12-16 | 李荷泉 | Overhead line anti-icing defroster, conductor spacer, post insulator and system |
-
2022
- 2022-10-31 CN CN202211352276.7A patent/CN115483658A/en active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-02-27 WO PCT/CN2023/078549 patent/WO2024093065A1/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024093065A1 (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2024-05-10 | 李荷泉 | Overhead line anti-icing deicing device, spacer, post insulator, and system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024093065A1 (en) | 2024-05-10 |
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Effective date of registration: 20240515 Address after: No. 37, Qinxian North Street, Xiaodian District, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006 Applicant after: Li Hequan Country or region after: China Applicant after: Shanxi Weizhi Anti icing and Deicing Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 37, Qinxian North Street, Xiaodian District, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006 Applicant before: Li Hequan Country or region before: China |