CN115478345A - Ecological trawl knitting line and trawl favorable for protecting marine fishery resources - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological trawl braided wire and a trawl, which are beneficial to protecting marine fishery resources, wherein the braided wire comprises an elastic core wire and a fixing layer, the fixing layer contains shear thickening liquid STF, when the braided wire is subjected to an impact force, the fixing layer keeps rigidity, so that the braided wire cannot deform, and when the braided wire is not subjected to the impact force, the fixing layer keeps flexibility, so that the braided wire can deform. The beneficial effects of the invention are: the utility model provides an ecological trawl braided wire, through elasticity heart yearn and fixed bed, the fixed bed contains shear thickening liquid STF and has realized the elasticity characteristic of trawl braided wire, provides to have elastic function for the mesh of trawl, provides the chance of fleing for the juvenile fish that the mistake invades into in the trawl, realizes the sustainable use of fishery resource.

Description

Ecological trawl knitting line and trawl favorable for protecting marine fishery resources

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of marine fishing, and particularly relates to an ecological trawl braided wire and a trawl which are applied to marine fishing and are beneficial to protecting marine fishery resources.

Background

The trawl operation is flexible, the adaptability is strong, and the production efficiency is higher. Modern trawl fishing gear can be used for fishing fishes, cephalopods, shellfish and crustaceans; not only can be used for catching objects whose habitat is only several meters and dozens of meters in depth, but also can be used for catching deep sea species whose habitat is several kilometers in depth.

In the modern fishing method of fishing gear, trawling operation is operation with high energy consumption, and the high dependence on energy sources leads the operation cost to be continuously increased and the benefit to be reduced. This high efficiency fishing has placed a tremendous pressure on marine fishery resources. Since the 70 s of the 20 th century, marine fishery resources are declined due to the modern trawl fishery to a great extent, so that a responsible fishing concept is proposed worldwide, and the requirements are met for limiting and reducing industrialized trawl fishing.

Trawling not only causes huge damage to fish resources, but also causes huge damage to marine ecological environment in which fish live, especially bottom trawling; although laws and regulations stipulate the mesh size of the fishing net, trawling with undersize meshes is often used, so that fish seedlings are fished out together, the fishery management is difficult, and the fishery resources are seriously exhausted; the abandoned trawl net is difficult to degrade and remains on the seabed for a long time, which causes serious pollution to the living environment of marine organisms and even influences the life of the marine organisms.

In conclusion, the braided wire for weaving the fishing net cannot stretch and deform, the mesh size of the existing fishing net is fixed, and when the fishing net which does not meet the regulation is used for fishing, fish seedlings are fished out together, so that the fishery management is difficult, and the fishery resources are seriously exhausted.

Disclosure of Invention

The objects to be achieved by the present invention are: the problem of current braided wire for weaving fishing net can not stretch out and draw back and warp, cause current fishing net mesh size fixed, when using the fishing net fishing that is not conform to the regulation, also fished out the seedling of fish together, cause fishery management difficulty, more cause the serious exhaustion of fishery resources.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an ecological trawl braid and a trawl which are advantageous for protecting marine fishery resources.

The invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:

the utility model provides a do benefit to ecological trawl braided wire of protection ocean fishery resource, the braided wire includes elasticity heart yearn and fixed bed, the fixed bed contains shear thickening liquid STF, receives the impulsive force when acting as, and the fixed bed keeps the rigidity for the braided wire can not take place to warp, when not receiving the impulsive force and act as, and the fixed bed keeps flexible, makes the braided wire can take place to warp.

Shear thickening fluid STF is a novel material comprising a plurality of hard nanosilica particles suspended in a non-toxic polyvinyl alcohol fluid, normally the shear thickening fluid STF is as soft as other fluids, deformable, and in a liquid state, and upon impact, the liquid is instantaneously transformed into a hard material, absorbs the impact, and prevents the penetration of the impact, the manner of bonding the molecules making up the material, similar to custard, is exemplified by stirring custard, which is the best explanation for the art. When the spoon is used for stirring the milk and the egg paste, the spoon is felt to be subjected to resistance. Significant drag is felt when the liquid components of the shear thickening fluid STF are brought together. The stronger the impact force, the harder the shear thickening fluid STF becomes, and when a large impact force acts on the material, it quickly hardens, absorbing the impact force from the impact.

Adopt the fixed layer contains shear thickening liquid STF, can realize when the braided wire receives the impact power to act on, the fixed layer keeps the rigidity for the braided wire can not take place to warp, when not receiving the impact power to act on, the fixed layer keeps flexible, makes the braided wire can take place to warp.

As a further improvement of the invention, the elastic core wire is a hollow elastic tube, and the elastic tube is made of Polyglycolide (PGA), rubber and polypropylene silk fiber by means of blow molding.

Polyglycolide (PGA), also called polyglycolic acid, is a high-crystalline, biodegradable aliphatic polymer, the degradation speed is fast, rubber guarantees certain elasticity, the polypropylene silk fiber is used for supporting the elastic tubular structure, make it keep the form of the fishing net, because Polyglycolide (PGA) water-soluble degradation characteristic, need to adopt the waterproof coating to soak in every use end of fishing net, delay the degradation speed of the trawl in the sea water, improve the service life of the trawl, wherein the blow molding production method of the rubber products can refer to "the introduction to the rubber blow molding method" in the paper "research on rubber blow molding method" in the book 27 of 2001.

As a further improvement of the invention, the elastic core wire is a hollow elastic tube, the fixing layer wraps the outer circumference of the elastic tube, the fixing layer is formed by weaving silk threads made of polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer and is soaked with the shear thickening liquid STF, and the outer circumference of the fixing layer is coated with a scratch-resistant protective layer.

Adopt such design, the elasticity heart yearn can reduce the centre of fishing net line for hollow elastic tube, the fixed layer is woven by the silk thread that polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer made and forms, and soak shear thickening liquid STF, because polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer is a high performance polyolefin, become rubber elasticity at normal atmospheric temperature, have that density is little, the bending is big, low temperature shock resistance is high, easy processing, characteristics such as repeatedly usable, and soak shear thickening liquid STF, can realize when the braided wire receives the impact effect, the fixed layer keeps the rigidity, make the braided wire can not take place to warp, when not receiving the impact effect, the fixed layer keeps the flexibility, make the braided wire can take place to warp, the outer circumference coating of fixed layer has the protective layer of preventing scraping, can protect the braided wire by the fish tail, also protected shear thickening liquid STF to break away from the fixed layer simultaneously.

As a further improvement of the invention, the elastic core wire is a hollow elastic tube, the fixing layer is shear thickening liquid STF filled in the elastic tube, and the outer circumference of the elastic tube is coated with a scratch-proof protective layer.

Adopt such design, shear thickening liquid STF can realize realizing receiving the impact when doing the effect when the braided wire according to the impact force that the braided wire bore, the fixed bed keeps the rigidity for the braided wire can not take place to warp, when not receiving the impact effect, the fixed bed keeps the flexibility, make the braided wire can take place to warp, the outside circumference of elastic tube coating has the protective layer of preventing scraping, preferably fishing net lacquer, can protect the fishing net by the fish tail, prevent shear thickening liquid STF seepage.

As a further improvement of the invention, the elastic tubular structure is made of rubber and latex by an injection molding machine in a blow molding mode, and the protective layer is fishing net paint.

The elastic core wire is made of rubber and latex by an injection molding machine in a blow molding mode, the tubular structure of the elastic core wire produced in the mode can be produced by degradable plastics, the trawl net can be greatly lost in the sea to cause ecological pollution of the sea, the trawl net lost in the sea can be automatically degraded in the natural environment by adopting the degradable plastics for production, the marine environment can be continuously utilized and protected in the marine fishery, the production process of the blow molding mode is a known mature process, the specific method is not described in a tired way, and the blow molding mode has the advantage of realizing the processing of a hollow structure.

As a further improvement of the invention, the thickness of the tube wall of the elastic tube is less than or equal to 2 mm.

As a further improvement of the invention, the thickness of the tube wall of the elastic tube is 1 mm.

The utility model provides a trawl based on do benefit to ecological trawl braided wire of protection marine fishery resource, includes wing net, back of the body net, binder net, side net, triangulation network, bag net, wherein, all is equipped with the mesh that constitutes by net foot and screen joint in wing net, back of the body net, binder net, triangulation network, the bag net, net foot and screen joint adopt the braided wire is worked out with the form of knot and is formed:

when the impact force is smaller than the STF state conversion critical value of the shear thickening liquid, the fixed layer keeps a free state, and the meshes can deform and stretch freely under the support of the elastic core wires;

when the impact force is larger than the STF state conversion critical value of the shear thickening liquid, the fixed layer keeps a solid state, and the meshes cannot deform and stretch under the constraint of the fixed layer.

By adopting the design, under the impact force action of small fish, the elastic structure of the mesh braided wire keeps elasticity, young fish can drill out from the mesh, under the impact force action of adult fish, the mesh can not deform and stretch out and draw back under the restraint of the fixing layer of the braided wire, the elasticity is lost, adult fish can not drill out from the mesh, the young fish which mistakenly intrude into the trawl can escape through the elastic mesh, the sustainable utilization of fishery resources is realized, the braiding process of the traditional fishing net is changed, and feasible conditions are provided for applying degradable new plastics in the fishing net.

Advantageously, the braided wire comprises an elastic core wire and a fixing layer, the fixing layer comprises a shear thickening liquid STF, when the braided wire is acted by an impact force, the fixing layer keeps rigid, so that the braided wire cannot deform, when the braided wire is not acted by the impact force, the fixing layer keeps flexible, so that the braided wire can deform, the braided wire is adopted to weave a fishing net, even if the size of the net mesh of the fishing net is smaller than the size specified by laws and regulations, when a juvenile fish tries to drill out of the net mesh, because the juvenile fish is small in size, the acting force acted on the net mesh is small, the net foot always keeps an elastic state, and at the moment, the net foot can deform and also stretch, so that the juvenile fish is provided with an escape opportunity; when adult fish tries to drill out from the mesh, because adult fish's size is big, strength is big, the effort of effect on the mesh is big, and the frequency is high, be equivalent to promptly with last frequent application shear force to a cantilever beam for the shear thickening liquid STF of intraductal packing continuously receives the effect of big shear force, and then makes the net foot sclerosis have certain rigidity, the effort is bigger, the rigidity of net foot is stronger, the mesh is difficult to warp more, thereby prevent escaping of adult fish, the sustainable use of marine fishery has been realized.

As a further improvement of the invention, fishing net paint is coated on the surface of the fishing net as a protective layer after the trawl net is knitted.

The invention has the positive effects that:

1. through elasticity heart yearn and fixed bed, the fixed bed contains shear thickening liquid STF and has realized the elasticity characteristic of trawl braided wire, provides elastic function for the mesh of trawl, provides the chance of fleing for the juvenile fish that the mistake invades into the trawl, realizes the sustainable use of fishery resource.

2. The structure of the traditional fishing net braided wire is changed, feasible conditions are provided for applying the novel degradable plastic in the fishing net, and fishery resources and ecological environment are protected.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a partial view of a fishing net of the present invention useful for protecting an ecological trawl of marine fishery resources;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a trawl wire of an ecological trawl for protecting marine fishery resources according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second configuration of a trawl line of the ecological trawl of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 for protecting marine fishery resources;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a trawl wire structure of an ecological trawl for protecting marine fishery resources according to the present invention shown in FIG. 2;

illustration of the drawings: 1-mesh section, 2-mesh, 3-mesh foot, 4-tube wall, 401-rubber coating layer, 5-tube cavity, 501-shear thickening liquid STF, 6-braided layer and 7-protective layer.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments:

the specific embodiment is as follows:

in the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Specific implementations of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 4, an ecological trawl braided wire beneficial for protecting marine fishery resources, the braided wire comprises an elastic core wire and a fixed layer, the fixed layer comprises shear thickening fluid STF, when the braided wire is acted by an impact force, the fixed layer keeps rigid, so that the braided wire can not deform, when the braided wire is not acted by the impact force, the fixed layer keeps flexible, so that the braided wire can deform, the elastic core wire is a hollow elastic tube, comprising an organ cavity 5 and a tube wall 4, the tube wall 4 adopts Polyglycolide (PGA), rubber and polypropylene fiber, and is made by blow molding, the fixed layer wraps the outer circumference of the elastic tube, the fixed layer is braided into a braided layer 6 by a silk thread made of polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer, the braided layer 6 is braided into a container with the shear thickening fluid STF which passes through the organ cavity 5 and the tube wall 4 together, so that the braided layer 6 is soaked with the shear thickening fluid STF, the outer circumference of the fixed layer is coated with a scratch-proof protective layer, the protective layer is preferably fishing net paint, the net paint has: the adhesive has extremely low viscosity and strong surface tension, and can quickly permeate the net body to wrap the net wires; the paint film has good adhesive force to the base material and forms excellent adhesive force with the fishing net and the netting; the antifouling paint has higher resistance reduction performance on seawater, and the antifouling capacity is greatly improved; the solid content is low, so that the film forming material is extremely thin and has small load on the net body; the paint film has good flexibility, friction resistance, seawater corrosion resistance and excellent water resistance; the paint film with the bionic structure effectively prevents the adhesion of crustacean, seaweed and marine creatures; the surface of the coating is self-smoothened, so that the attachment of marine organisms such as silt, algae and the like on the fishing net can be obviously reduced, and the silt is a hotbed for a plurality of microorganism larvae, thereby fundamentally solving the attachment of the marine organisms; the net body is not affected by corrosivity in the using process; safe, nontoxic and efficient, has no toxic and harmful effects on the cultured products while preventing marine organism pollution, and meets the sanitary standard.

The second embodiment:

on the basis of the first embodiment, the ecological trawl favorable for protecting marine fishery resources comprises a winged net, a back net, an abdominal net, a side net, a triangular net and a bag net, wherein net feet 3 and net knots 1 of the winged net, the back net, the abdominal net, the side net, the triangular net and the bag net form a net mesh 2, the net feet 3 are net knot parts of net knots 1 after being tied by net wires of the trawl, the net feet 3 are in the structure shown in figure 4, the net feet 3 are hollow elastic tubes and comprise pipe cavities 5 and pipe walls 4, fixing layers are wrapped on the outer circumferences of the elastic tubes, the fixing layers are woven by silk threads made of polyolefin thermoplastic elastomers, namely, the weaving layers 6 shown in figure 4 are woven on the outer circumferences of the elastic tubes, the weaving layers 6 are placed in containers filled with shear thickening liquid STF for soaking, gaps of the weaving layers 6 are filled with the shear thickening liquid STF to form semi-finished products of the net feet wires comprising the fixing layers, at the moment, the semi-finished products of the net feet are coated on the outer layer of the fixing layers 7, and then the fishing net is scraped on the circumference of the protecting layer of the fishing net, and then the fishing net is coated on the protecting layer.

When the impact force is smaller than the STF state conversion critical value of the shear thickening liquid, the fixed layer keeps a free state, and the meshes can deform and stretch freely under the support of the elastic core wires;

when the impact force is larger than the STF state conversion critical value of the shear thickening liquid, the fixing layer keeps a solid state, and the meshes cannot deform and stretch under the constraint of the fixing layer.

By adopting the design, under the impact force action of small fish, the mesh elastic structure keeps elasticity, young fish can drill out from the mesh, under the impact force action of adult fish, the mesh can not deform and stretch under the constraint of the fixed layer, the elasticity is lost, adult fish can not drill out from the mesh, the young fish which mistakenly intrudes into the trawl can escape through the elastic mesh, the sustainable utilization of fishery resources is realized, the weaving process of the traditional fishing net is changed, feasible conditions are provided for the application of degradable new plastic in the fishing net, the elastic tube is made of rubber and latex by adopting an injection molding machine in a blow molding mode, the elastic tubular structure produced by adopting the method can be produced by adopting the degradable plastic, the trawl can be greatly lost in the sea to cause ecological pollution of the sea, the trawl lost in the sea can be automatically degraded in the natural environment by adopting the production of the degradable plastic, the marine environment can be protected by realizing the sustainable utilization of the marine environment by adopting the blow molding process, the production process of the known mature process is not tired, and the practical advantage of the hollow processing of the blow molding structure can be realized.

Example three:

an ecological trawl net beneficial to protecting marine fishery resources comprises a wing net, a back net, an abdominal net, a side net, a triangular net and a bag net, wherein net feet 3 and net joints 1 of the wing net, the back net, the abdominal net, the side net, the triangular net and the bag net form a net mesh 2, the net feet 3 are net wire parts connecting two adjacent net joints 1 after net wires of the trawl net are knotted into the net joints 1, the net feet 3 are hollow elastic tubular structures, and a shearing thickening liquid STF501 is filled in a pipe, wherein the hollow tubular structures adopt Polyglycolide (PGA) and rubber as main materials, and polypropylene fiber is added and prepared in a blow molding mode, namely polyglycolic acid, the hollow tubular structures are high-crystalline biodegradable aliphatic polymers with high degradation speed, rubber ensures certain elasticity, the polypropylene fiber is used for supporting the elastic tubular structures to keep the shapes of the trawl nets, and the water-soluble degradation characteristics of the trawl net are adopted for soaking each time due to the water-soluble degradation speed of the trawl net, the use speed of the trawl net is delayed, and the service life of the trawl net is prolonged, and a blow molding method for producing rubber products is introduced in the first injection molding technology of rubber.

Example four:

on the basis of the third embodiment, the elastic tubular structure is subjected to plastic dipping after the blow molding is finished, the plastic dipping thickness is 0.1 mm, and the rubber coating layer 401 after 0.1 mm is formed.

The foregoing has outlined broadly some of the aspects and features of the various embodiments, which should be construed to be merely illustrative of various potential applications. Other beneficial results can be obtained by applying the disclosed information in a different manner or by combining various aspects of the disclosed embodiments. Other aspects and a more complete understanding may be obtained by reference to the detailed description of the exemplary embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, based on the scope defined by the claims.

In addition, the invention also discloses the following experimental data:

the three experimental fishponds of first, second and third are arranged, the experimental fishpond is a rectangular cement pond, the length of the experimental fishpond is 20 meters, the width of the experimental fishpond is 10 meters, the long edge of the fishpond is provided with a trawl dragging track, and the trawl can be dragged to the other end from one end so as to be convenient for fishing.

The fry is put into the experimental pond A, the fry in the experimental pond is caught once through a trawl with the mesh size of 30 mm, which is not the conventional trawl, and the caught fry is put into the pond C.

The remaining fry in the experimental pond a was caught once by a conventional trawl having a mesh size of 20 mm, not according to the present invention, and the number of fish was counted, and the caught fry was placed in the experimental pond b.

The trawl is used for fishing in the experimental fishpond B through the trawl with the mesh size of 20 mm, and the number of the fishes is counted.

The fishing results are counted as follows:

from the above table, it can be seen that, on the premise of the same mesh size, the trawl of the invention has an escape rate of 16% -17.6% for the fry, that is, even if the trawl with the mesh size regulated illegally is adopted during fishing, the fry still has 16% -17.6% escape, thus providing escape opportunities for the juvenile fish intruding into the trawl and realizing the sustainable utilization of fishery resources.

The above examples illustrate the present invention in detail. It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and that various changes, modifications, additions, deletions, and substitutions which may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a do benefit to ecological trawl knitting yarn of protection ocean fishery resource which characterized in that, the knitting yarn includes elasticity heart yearn and fixed bed, the fixed bed contains shear thickening liquid STF, and when the knitting yarn received the impulsive force effect, the fixed bed kept the rigidity for the knitting yarn can not take place to warp, when not receiving the impulsive force effect, the fixed bed kept the flexibility, makes the knitting yarn can take place to warp.

2. The ecological trawl braid according to claim 1, wherein the elastic core wire is a hollow elastic tube made of Polyglycolide (PGA), rubber and polypropylene silk fiber by blow molding.

3. The ecological trawl braided wire beneficial to protection of marine fishery resources according to claim 2, wherein the elastic core wire is a hollow elastic tube, the fixing layer wraps the outer circumference of the elastic tube, the fixing layer is formed by weaving silk threads made of polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer and is soaked with shear thickening liquid STF, and the outer circumference of the fixing layer is coated with a scratch-proof protective layer.

4. The ecological trawl knitting yarn for protecting marine fishery resources according to claim 2, wherein the elastic core wire is a hollow elastic tube, the fixing layer is shear thickening fluid STF filled in the elastic tube, and the outer circumference of the elastic tube is coated with a scratch-proof protective layer.

5. The ecological trawl knitting line for protecting marine fishery resources according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the elastic tubular structure is made of rubber and latex by an injection molding machine in a blow molding manner, and the protection layer is fishing net paint.

6. The ecological trawl wire according to claim 6, wherein the thickness of the tube wall of the elastic tube is less than or equal to 2 mm.

7. The ecological trawl braid according to claim 6, wherein the thickness of the tube wall of the elastic tube is 1 mm.

8. The trawl based on the ecological trawl wire which is beneficial to protecting the marine fishery resources according to claim 5, comprising a winged net, a back net, an abdominal net, a side net, a triangular net and a sac net, wherein meshes composed of net legs and net knots are arranged in the winged net, the back net, the abdominal net, the side net, the triangular net and the sac net, and the net legs and the net knots are woven by adopting the braided wire in a knot form:

when the impact force is smaller than the STF state conversion critical value of the shear thickening liquid, the fixed layer keeps a free state, and the meshes can deform and stretch freely under the support of the elastic core wires;

when the impact force is larger than the STF state conversion critical value of the shear thickening liquid, the fixed layer keeps a solid state, and the meshes cannot deform and stretch under the constraint of the fixed layer.

9. The trawl based on the ecological trawl knitting line for protecting marine fishery resources according to claim 8, wherein the surface of the trawl is coated with a fishing net paint as a protective layer after the trawl knitting is completed.

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