CN115477460B - Control method and system for separating and extracting sludge based on alkaline thermal hydrolysis machinery - Google Patents

Control method and system for separating and extracting sludge based on alkaline thermal hydrolysis machinery Download PDF

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CN115477460B
CN115477460B CN202211418774.7A CN202211418774A CN115477460B CN 115477460 B CN115477460 B CN 115477460B CN 202211418774 A CN202211418774 A CN 202211418774A CN 115477460 B CN115477460 B CN 115477460B
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sludge
temperature
rotating speed
chelate
stirring shaft
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CN115477460A (en
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杨杰
杨山林
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Yang Jie
Yang Shanlin
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Nantong Senbo Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
Beijing Dazhen Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
    • C02F11/143—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances
    • C02F11/145—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances using calcium compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/90—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with paddles or arms 
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/20—Measuring; Control or regulation
    • B01F35/22—Control or regulation
    • B01F35/221—Control or regulation of operational parameters, e.g. level of material in the mixer, temperature or pressure
    • B01F35/2214—Speed during the operation
    • B01F35/22142—Speed of the mixing device during the operation
    • B01F35/221422—Speed of rotation of the mixing axis, stirrer or receptacle during the operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/20—Measuring; Control or regulation
    • B01F35/22—Control or regulation
    • B01F35/221—Control or regulation of operational parameters, e.g. level of material in the mixer, temperature or pressure
    • B01F35/2216—Time, i.e. duration, of at least one parameter during the operation
    • B01F35/22161—Time, i.e. duration, of at least one parameter during the operation duration of the mixing process or parts of it
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/30—Driving arrangements; Transmissions; Couplings; Brakes
    • B01F35/33—Transmissions; Means for modifying the speed or direction of rotation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/18—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by thermal conditioning

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method and a system for separating and extracting sludge treatment based on alkaline thermal hydrolysis machinery, wherein the method comprises the following steps: (1) Filtering the dewatered sludge with water content of more than 80%, and mixing with Ca 2+ Chelating agent to form premixed sludge with pH value of 9-9.5; (2) Performing secondary mixing and preheating energy storage on the premixed sludge to form chelate composite sludge; (3) Carrying out rotary shearing reaction on the chelated composite sludge to form high-temperature chelated sludge, wherein the temperature of the formed high-temperature chelated sludge is 80-90 ℃, and the high-temperature chelated sludge continues to carry out rotary shearing reaction to form pretreated sludge; (4) And (3) performing heat exchange and cooling on the pretreated sludge, performing advanced treatment after adding weak acid, separating organic matters from inorganic matters, and enabling the water content of the sludge containing the inorganic matters to be less than 50% after separation. The invention has the advantages of accurate control of sludge treatment, high efficiency and energy saving, and realizes the reclamation and reduction of sludge.

Description

Control method and system for separating and extracting sludge based on alkaline thermal hydrolysis machinery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sludge treatment, in particular to a control method and a system for separating and extracting sludge treatment based on an alkaline thermal hydrolysis machine.
Background
At present, the harmless treatment rate of the municipal sludge is required to reach more than 90%, the water content of the sludge is less than 60%, and the treated fertilizer or soil conditioner is used for national soil greening, garden construction, abandoned mines and non-agricultural saline-alkali lands and desertification lands, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients in the sludge are recycled by actively adopting composting processes such as aerobic fermentation and the like.
Untreated sludge contains a large amount of toxic and harmful non-homogeneous bodies such as organic matters, pathogenic bacteria, heavy metals and the like. Among them, extracellular Polymers (EPS) in the composition of untreated sludge have a great influence on the sludge dewatering performance. EPS mainly comprises different macromolecular substances such as protein, polysaccharide, humus, nucleic acid, lipid and the like, wherein the substances are distributed outside cells and inside microorganism aggregates and are adhered with the cells to form a huge reticular structure containing a large amount of water, so that the sludge is difficult to dehydrate.
Researchers are dedicated to adopting a certain sludge stabilizing process to stabilize organic matters in the sludge aiming at the characteristics of the untreated sludge. But before the stabilization process, sludge pretreatment technology is needed to destroy the floc and the cell structure of the sludge and release intracellular substances.
Currently, there is a pretreatment technique using alkaline heat treatment as sludge. For example, patent CN112830644a discloses a method, system and application of activated sludge biomass separation, wherein the method comprises: the alkaline thick slurry and the activated sludge to be treated are pre-mixed and then pumped into a reaction kettle for high-temperature reaction under the stirring condition of high-speed shearing. The method effectively mixes and stirs the alkaline thick slurry and the activated sludge, accelerates the crushing of biomass in the activated sludge, and mixes the reactants in advance to fully mix the reactants, so that the application of the alkaline thick slurry is reduced from the source, the alkaline thick slurry in mud cakes and filtrate is reduced, the application of the mud cakes is expanded, and the harm of the filtrate with overhigh pH to plants is avoided; in addition, the biomass in the reactant is cut in a high-speed shearing mode, the biomass crushing is accelerated, so that a large amount of protein components in the biomass are released, the content of nitrogen in filtrate separated from a final product is improved, the reaction speed is further accelerated, the reaction time is shortened, and a large amount of resources are saved.
However, in the prior art, when pretreatment is carried out, the treatment temperature is high, and real-time regulation and control cannot be carried out in the pretreatment process, so that the energy consumption is high, and the rapid cooling is not easy to control.
Therefore, the technical staff in the field needs to solve the problem of how to accurately regulate and control the sludge pretreatment process under the condition of meeting the sludge water content index, thereby improving the sludge pretreatment efficiency, saving the sludge pretreatment cost and reducing the pretreatment energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
To the aboveThe invention provides a control method and a system for treating extracted sludge based on alkaline thermal hydrolysis mechanical separation, and dewatered sludge and Ca-containing sludge 2+ The chelating agent is mixed in alkaline environment and then preheated for energy storage, and then subjected to alkali thermal hydrolysis mechanical separation, sludge floc and cell structure are simultaneously crushed, ca 2+ Can form sediment with substances in the sludge, release adsorbed free water and realize centrifugal dehydration of the sludge to the maximum extent. Under the condition of meeting the water content index of the sludge, the stirring speed and time in the alkaline thermal machine are accurately and cooperatively controlled under the conditions of pH value, pressure and temperature in a reasonable interval, so that the sludge pretreatment efficiency is improved, the sludge pretreatment cost is saved, and the reduction of the pretreatment energy consumption is realized.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a control method for extraction sludge treatment based on alkaline thermal hydrolysis mechanical separation, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Filtering the dewatered sludge with the water content of more than 80 percent, and then mixing with the Ca content of a set proportion 2+ Premixing the chelating agent to form premixed sludge with the pH value of 9-9.5;
(2) Performing secondary mixing and preheating energy storage on the premixed sludge to form chelate composite sludge, wherein the temperature of the chelate composite sludge is not lower than 60 ℃;
(3) The chelate composite sludge enters an alkaline thermal mechanical device to carry out rotary shearing reaction, the rotating speed of the chelate composite sludge in the alkaline thermal mechanical device is controlled, the temperature of the chelate composite sludge is gradually increased in the rotary shearing reaction to form high-temperature chelate sludge, the temperature of the formed high-temperature chelate sludge is 80-90 ℃, and then the high-temperature chelate sludge is continuously subjected to rotary shearing reaction for 1-1.5 hours to form pretreated sludge;
the alkali thermal mechanical device comprises a vertical stirring kettle and a temperature control assembly, wherein an anchor stirring shaft and a pressure transmitter are arranged in the vertical stirring kettle, and a plurality of paddle blades are axially arranged on the anchor stirring shaft and are wedge-shaped;
(4) And (3) performing heat exchange and cooling on the pretreated sludge, performing advanced treatment after adding weak acid, and separating and extracting organic matters and inorganic matters, wherein the water content of the separated sludge containing the inorganic matters is less than 50%.
In the alkaline environment with pH of 9-9.5, the floc and the cell structure of the sludge can be simultaneously broken, and Ca in the chelating agent is combined 2+ And substances in the sludge can form precipitates after the sludge is broken, and an adsorption bridge frame effect exists between the precipitates, so that the adsorption of free water can be hindered, and the centrifugal dehydration in the advanced treatment stage is easy to realize.
The chelate type composite sludge enters an alkaline thermal mechanical device, the rotating speed of an anchor stirring shaft is continuously adjusted, the sludge is subjected to rotary shearing, the rotary shearing provides temperature energy, the temperature of the sludge can gradually rise to form high-temperature sludge, and the sludge destroys zoogloea and microorganisms of dehydrated sludge under the action of fluid shear force and instant impact force at the rotating speed of 80-90 ℃, so that the pretreatment effect before deep treatment is achieved, and the energy consumption is saved.
Further, it contains Ca 2+ Ca in chelating agent 2+ The mass percentage of the sludge in the premixed sludge is 5wt% -10wt%.
Furthermore, the pressure of premixing is 0.5MPa to 1MPa, the pressure of secondary mixing is 0.4MPa to 0.5MPa, the temperature of the chelate type composite sludge is 60 ℃ to 70 ℃, and the operating pressure of an alkaline thermal mechanical device is 0.2MPa to 0.4MPa.
Further, the rotary shearing reaction in the alkaline thermal mechanical device comprises a first stage, a second stage and a third stage;
in the first stage, the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft reaches the critical rotating speed from 0rpm, and the change of the rotating speed is linear, wherein the critical rotating speed is the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft when the chelate type composite sludge in the vertical stirring kettle reaches the preset maximum filling rate under the set rotating speed change rate;
in the second stage, the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft reaches a preset maximum rotating speed from a critical rotating speed, the change of the rotating speed is increased in steps, and the chelate type composite sludge forms high-temperature chelate sludge when the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft is the preset maximum rotating speed;
in the third stage, the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft is reduced to 0rpm from the preset maximum rotating speed, and the change of the rotating speed is linear.
Furthermore, the speed reduction amplitude of the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft in the third stage is 3-5 times of the speed increase amplitude of the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft in the first stage.
Further, the temperature of heat exchange cooling is not higher than 50 ℃, the pressure of advanced treatment is 0.4-0.6MPa, the advanced treatment time is 1.5-3 h, and the pH value of the solution containing the organic matters after the advanced treatment and separation and extraction is 7.2-7.8.
In a second aspect, the invention further provides a control system for separating and extracting sludge treatment based on the alkaline thermal hydrolysis machine, which adopts the control method for separating and extracting sludge treatment based on the alkaline thermal hydrolysis machine, and comprises a control assembly, and a premixing device, a labyrinth mixer, an alkaline thermal mechanical device and a heat exchange and deep dehydration device which are sequentially connected;
wherein the premixing device filters the dewatered sludge with water content of more than 80 percent and then the filtered dewatered sludge is mixed with Ca in a set proportion 2+ Premixing the chelating agent to form premixed sludge with the pH value of 9-9.5;
the labyrinth mixer is used for carrying out secondary mixing and preheating energy storage on the premixed sludge to form chelate composite sludge, and the temperature of the chelate composite sludge is not lower than 60 ℃;
the alkaline thermal mechanical device is used for carrying out rotary shearing reaction on the chelate composite sludge, the temperature is gradually increased in the reaction to form high-temperature chelate sludge, the temperature of the formed high-temperature chelate sludge is 80-90 ℃, and then the high-temperature chelate sludge is continuously subjected to rotary shearing reaction for 1-1.5 hours to form pretreated sludge;
the heat exchange and deep dehydration device is used for carrying out heat exchange and cooling on the pretreated sludge, carrying out deep treatment after adding weak acid, and separating and extracting organic matters and inorganic matters, wherein the water content of the sludge containing the inorganic matters after separation is less than 50%;
and the control component is in circuit connection with the premixing device, the labyrinth mixer, the alkali thermal mechanical device and the heat exchange and deep dehydration device and regulates and controls parameters in sludge treatment.
The invention provides a control method and a system for treating extracted sludge based on alkaline thermal hydrolysis mechanical separation, which at least have the following beneficial effects:
(1) Dewatered sludge and Ca-containing sludge 2+ The chelating agent is mixed in alkaline environment and then preheated for energy storageThen, alkali thermal hydrolysis mechanical separation is carried out, flocs and cell structures of the sludge are simultaneously broken, ca 2+ Can form sediment with substances in the sludge, release adsorbed free water and realize centrifugal dehydration of the sludge to the maximum extent.
(2) Under the condition of meeting the water content index of the sludge, the stirring speed and time in the alkaline thermal machine are accurately and cooperatively controlled under the conditions of pH value, pressure and temperature in a reasonable interval, so that the sludge pretreatment efficiency is improved, the sludge pretreatment cost is saved, and the reduction of the pretreatment energy consumption is realized.
(3) The chelate type composite sludge enters an alkaline thermal mechanical device, the rotating speed of an anchor stirring shaft is continuously adjusted, the sludge is subjected to rotary shearing, the rotary shearing provides temperature energy, the temperature of the sludge can gradually rise to form high-temperature sludge, and the sludge destroys zoogloea and microorganisms of dehydrated sludge under the action of fluid shear force and instant impact force at the rotating speed of 80-90 ℃, so that the pretreatment effect before deep treatment is achieved, and the energy consumption is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a control method for treating extraction sludge based on alkaline thermal hydrolysis mechanical separation provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical stirred tank provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a control system for treating extraction sludge based on alkaline thermal hydrolysis mechanical separation provided by the invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-anchor stirring shaft and 2-paddle blade.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the examples of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and "a plurality" typically includes at least two.
It is also noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such article or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a … …" does not exclude the presence of another like element in a commodity or device comprising the element.
As shown in fig. 3, the invention provides a control system for separating and extracting sludge treatment based on alkaline thermal hydrolysis machinery, which comprises a control assembly, and a premixing device, a labyrinth mixer, an alkaline thermal mechanical device and a heat exchange and deep dehydration device which are sequentially connected;
wherein the premixing device filters the dewatered sludge with the water content of more than 80 percent and then the filtered dewatered sludge is mixed with Ca with a set proportion 2+ Premixing the chelating agent to form premixed sludge with the pH value of 9-9.5;
the labyrinth mixer is used for carrying out secondary mixing and preheating energy storage on the premixed sludge to form chelate composite sludge, and the temperature of the chelate composite sludge is not lower than 60 ℃;
the alkaline thermal mechanical device is used for carrying out rotary shearing reaction on the chelate composite sludge, the temperature is gradually increased in the reaction to form high-temperature chelate sludge, the temperature of the formed high-temperature chelate sludge is 80-90 ℃, and then the high-temperature chelate sludge is continuously subjected to rotary shearing reaction for 1-1.5 hours to form pretreated sludge;
the heat exchange and deep dehydration device is used for carrying out heat exchange and cooling on the pretreated sludge, carrying out deep treatment after adding weak acid, and separating and extracting organic matters and inorganic matters, wherein the water content of the sludge containing the inorganic matters after separation is less than 50%;
and the control component is in circuit connection with the premixing device, the labyrinth mixer, the alkali thermal mechanical device and the heat exchange and deep dehydration device and regulates and controls parameters in sludge treatment.
As shown in figure 1, the control method of the control system for the treatment of the extraction sludge based on the alkaline thermal hydrolysis mechanical separation as shown in figure 3 comprises the following steps:
(1) Filtering the dewatered sludge with water content of more than 80%, and mixing with Ca at a predetermined ratio 2+ Premixing the chelating agent to form premixed sludge with the pH value of 9-9.5;
(2) Performing secondary mixing and preheating energy storage on the premixed sludge to form chelate composite sludge, wherein the temperature of the chelate composite sludge is not lower than 60 ℃;
(3) The chelate composite sludge enters an alkaline thermal mechanical device to carry out rotary shearing reaction, the rotating speed of the chelate composite sludge in the alkaline thermal mechanical device is controlled, the temperature of the chelate composite sludge is gradually increased in the rotary shearing reaction to form high-temperature chelate sludge, the temperature of the formed high-temperature chelate sludge is 80-90 ℃, and then the high-temperature chelate sludge is continuously subjected to rotary shearing reaction for 1-1.5 hours to form pretreated sludge;
(4) And (3) performing heat exchange and cooling on the pretreated sludge, performing advanced treatment after adding weak acid, and separating and extracting organic matters and inorganic matters, wherein the water content of the separated sludge containing the inorganic matters is less than 50%.
Wherein, the alkali thermal mechanical device comprises a vertical stirring kettle and a temperature control component. As shown in fig. 2, an anchor stirring shaft 1 and a pressure transmitter are arranged in the vertical stirring kettle, a plurality of paddle blades 2 are axially arranged on the anchor stirring shaft, and the paddle blades 2 are wedge-shaped.
In the alkaline environment with pH of 9-9.5, the floc and the cell structure of the sludge can be simultaneously broken, and Ca in the chelating agent is combined 2+ And substances in the sludge can form precipitates after the sludge is broken, and an adsorption bridge frame effect exists between the precipitates, so that the adsorption of free water can be hindered, and the centrifugal dehydration in the advanced treatment stage is easy to realize.
The chelate type composite sludge enters an alkaline thermal mechanical device, the rotating speed of an anchor stirring shaft is continuously adjusted, the sludge is subjected to rotary shearing, the rotary shearing provides temperature energy, the temperature of the sludge can gradually rise to form high-temperature sludge, and the sludge destroys zoogloea and microorganisms of dehydrated sludge under the action of fluid shear force and instant impact force at the rotating speed of 80-90 ℃, so that the pretreatment effect before deep treatment is achieved, and the energy consumption is saved.
Wherein, it contains Ca 2+ Ca in chelating agent 2+ The mass percentage of the sludge in the premixed sludge is 5-10 wt%, the selected chelating agent is alkalescent, and the pH value of the premixed sludge is 9-9.5 after the dewatered sludge with the water content higher than 80% is premixed with the weak base chelating agent. The chelating agent may be an organic chelating agent or an inorganic chelating agent, and is not particularly limited herein. Containing Ca 2+ The chelating agent can capture heavy metal ions in the sludge and bind Ca 2+ Can effectively break floc and cell structures.
Wherein the pressure of the premixing is 0.5MPa-1MPa, the pressure of the secondary mixing is 0.4MPa-0.5MPa, the temperature of the chelating composite sludge is 60-70 ℃, and the operating pressure of the alkaline thermal mechanical device is 0.2MPa-0.4MPa.
The temperature of heat exchange and cooling is not higher than 50 ℃, the pressure of advanced treatment is 0.4MPa-0.6MPa, the time of advanced treatment is 1.5h-3h, and the pH value of the solution containing organic matters separated and extracted after advanced treatment is 7.2-7.8.
The structure of the heat exchange cooling device is not specifically limited, and the temperature of the pretreated sludge from the alkaline thermal mechanical device is ensured to be reduced to below 50 ℃ after passing through the heat exchange cooling device. The deep dehydration device can select a sludge plate-and-frame filter pressing system and a filtrate storage and protein extraction concentration system to separate and extract organic matters and inorganic matters, and finally the water content of the sludge containing the inorganic matters after separation is less than 50 percent. In the invention, the value range of the process parameters of filter pressing, filtrate storage and protein extraction can ensure that intracellular substances released by the mechanical separation of alkaline thermal hydrolysis can be effectively extracted, and simultaneously the water content of the finally treated sludge is lower than 50 percent.
The chelate type composite sludge enters an alkaline thermal mechanical device and is subjected to rotary shearing reaction, wherein the rotary shearing reaction comprises a first stage, a second stage and a third stage;
in the first stage, the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft reaches the critical rotating speed from 0rpm, and the change of the rotating speed is linear, wherein the critical rotating speed is the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft when the chelate type composite sludge in the vertical stirring kettle reaches the preset maximum filling rate under the set rotating speed change rate;
in the second stage, the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft reaches a preset maximum rotating speed from a critical rotating speed, the change of the rotating speed is increased in steps, and the chelate type composite sludge forms high-temperature chelate sludge when the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft is the preset maximum rotating speed;
in the third stage, the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft is reduced to 0rpm from the preset maximum rotating speed, and the change of the rotating speed is linear.
Wherein, the speed reduction amplitude of the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft in the third stage is 3-5 times of the speed increase amplitude of the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft in the first stage.
Example 1:
in example 1, a municipal sludge having a water content of 85% was first filtered and then mixed with Ca 2+ Premixing 7wt% of silicate chelating agent, wherein the premixing pressure is 0.6MPa, and the pH value of the premixed sludge formed after premixing is 9; the premixed sludge is subjected to secondary mixing and preheating energy storage to form chelate type composite sludge, the pressure of the secondary mixing is 0.4MPa, and the temperature of the chelate type composite sludge is 60 ℃.
The chelate type composite sludge enters an alkaline thermal mechanical device for a rotary shearing reaction, the pressure of the alkaline thermal mechanical device is set to be 0.3MPa, the rotating speed of an anchor stirring shaft in the first stage reaches the critical rotating speed of 300rpm from 0rpm, the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft in the second stage is increased from 300rpm to 500rpm, the anchor stirring shaft is kept for a certain time at 500rpm, then the rotating speed is increased by 800rpm and finally reaches 1000rpm, the chelate type composite sludge forms high-temperature chelate sludge at the rotating speed of 1000rpm, the temperature of the high-temperature chelate sludge is 80 ℃, after 1h of rotary shearing reaction is continuously carried out, the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft is rapidly reduced in the third stage, the reduction amplitude of the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft is 5 times of the increase amplitude of the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft in the first stage, and is reduced from 1000rpm to 0rpm, and the pretreated sludge is formed.
And then carrying out heat exchange and cooling, reducing the temperature to 45 ℃, adding an acidic component to reduce the pH value of the sludge to 7.5, and carrying out separation and extraction on organic matters and inorganic matters, wherein the pressure of advanced treatment is 0.5MPa, the treatment time is 2h, and the water content of the sludge is 40% finally.
Example 2:
example 2 in addition to example 1, ca 2+ The mass percent is 5wt%, the premixing pressure is 0.5MPa, the pH value of the premixed sludge formed after premixing is 9, the pressure of secondary mixing is 0.4MPa, and the temperature of the chelating composite sludge is 60 ℃.
And in the third stage, the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft is rapidly reduced, the reduction amplitude of the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft is 3 times of the increase amplitude of the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft in the first stage, and the rotating speed is reduced from 1000rpm to 0rpm to form the pretreated sludge.
And then carrying out heat exchange and cooling, reducing the temperature to 45 ℃, adding an acidic component to reduce the pH value of the sludge to 7.2, and carrying out separation and extraction on organic matters and inorganic matters, wherein the pressure of advanced treatment is 0.5MPa, the treatment time is 2h, and the water content of the sludge is 45% finally.
Example 3:
example 3 in addition to example 1, ca 2+ The mass percent is 10wt%, the premixing pressure is 1MPa, the pH value of the premixed sludge formed after premixing is 9.5, the pressure of secondary mixing is 0.5MPa, and the temperature of the chelating type composite sludge is 70 ℃.
The temperature of the high-temperature chelated sludge is 90 ℃, the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft is rapidly reduced in the third stage, the reduction amplitude of the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft is 5 times of the increase amplitude of the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft in the first stage, and the rotating speed is reduced from 1000rpm to 0rpm to form the pretreated sludge.
And then, carrying out heat exchange and cooling, reducing the temperature to 45 ℃, adding an acidic component to reduce the pH of the sludge to 7.2, and carrying out separation and extraction on organic matters and inorganic matters, wherein the pressure of advanced treatment is 0.6MPa, the treatment time is 3h, and the water content of the sludge is 37% finally.
Comparative example 1:
in comparative example 1, based on example 1, the chelate composite sludge enters an alkaline thermal mechanical device for a rotational shear reaction, the rotational speed of the anchor stirring shaft in the first stage reaches 300rpm from 0rpm, the rotational speed of the anchor stirring shaft in the second stage is increased from 300rpm to 500rpm, the anchor stirring shaft is kept at 500rpm for a certain time, then the rotational speed is increased to 800rpm, finally the rotational speed reaches 1000rpm, the chelate composite sludge forms high-temperature chelate sludge at the rotational speed of 1000rpm, the temperature of the high-temperature chelate sludge is 80 ℃, after 1h of the rotational shear reaction is continued, the rotational speed of the anchor stirring shaft in the third stage is rapidly reduced, the reduction amplitude of the rotational speed of the anchor stirring shaft is consistent with the increase amplitude of the rotational speed of the anchor stirring shaft in the first stage, and the rotational speed is reduced from 1000rpm to 0rpm, so as to form pretreated sludge. The final sludge moisture content is 52%.
Comparative example 2:
in comparative example 2, on the basis of example 1, chelating type composite sludge enters an alkaline thermal mechanical device to carry out a rotational shear reaction, the rotation speed of an anchor stirring shaft directly increases from 0rpm to 1000rpm in a linear trend, the chelating type composite sludge forms high-temperature chelating sludge at the rotation speed of 1000rpm, the temperature of the high-temperature chelating sludge is 80 ℃, after the rotational shear reaction is continuously carried out for 1h, the rotation speed of the anchor stirring shaft is reduced, the reduction amplitude of the rotation speed of the anchor stirring shaft is consistent with the increase amplitude of the rotation speed of the anchor stirring shaft, and the rotation speed of the anchor stirring shaft is reduced from 1000rpm to 0rpm, so that pretreated sludge is formed. The final sludge has a water content of 60%.
Through comparison of comparative examples 1 and 2 and example 1, the moisture content of the final sludge is influenced by the regulation and control of the rotating speed and the time in the rotary shearing reaction process of the chelating type composite sludge and the high-temperature chelating sludge. In the process of reaching the preset maximum rotating speed by the critical rotating speed, the step gradient mode is adopted, and the disintegration of sludge flocs and cell structures can be more effectively realized. Meanwhile, the faster the speed of the reduction of the rotating speed is, the better the cracking effect of the sludge is.
In the alkaline thermal hydrolysis mechanical treatment process, the sludge can fully react under the combined action of high-temperature thermal hydrolysis and high-speed mechanical rotation, so that cells and extracellular substances inside the sludge can be disintegrated and broken, a large amount of high-value substances such as protein, polysaccharide, peptide and the like inside the microbial Extracellular Polymer (EPS) are stripped and dissolved out, the internal structure of the sludge is greatly improved, and the subsequent advanced treatment link is facilitated.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims (6)

1. A control method for separating and extracting sludge based on alkaline thermal hydrolysis machinery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Filtering the dewatered sludge with water content of more than 80%, and mixing with Ca at a predetermined ratio 2+ Premixing the chelating agent under the pressure of 0.5MPa-1MPa to form premixed sludge with the pH value of 9-9.5;
(2) Performing secondary mixing and preheating energy storage on the premixed sludge, wherein the pressure of the secondary mixing is 0.4MPa-0.5MPa, so as to form chelate composite sludge, and the temperature of the chelate composite sludge is 60-70 ℃;
(3) The chelated composite sludge enters an alkaline thermal mechanical device for rotary shearing reaction, the rotating speed of the chelated composite sludge in the alkaline thermal mechanical device is controlled, so that the temperature of the chelated composite sludge is gradually increased in the rotary shearing reaction to form high-temperature chelated sludge, the temperature of the formed high-temperature chelated sludge is 80-90 ℃, then the high-temperature chelated sludge is continuously subjected to rotary shearing reaction for 1-1.5 hours to form pretreated sludge, and the operating pressure of the alkaline thermal mechanical device is 0.2-0.4 MPa;
the alkali thermal mechanical device comprises a vertical stirring kettle and a temperature control assembly, wherein an anchor stirring shaft and a pressure transmitter are arranged in the vertical stirring kettle, and a plurality of paddle blades are axially arranged on the anchor stirring shaft and are wedge-shaped;
(4) And (3) performing heat exchange and cooling on the pretreated sludge, performing advanced treatment after adding weak acid, and separating and extracting organic matters and inorganic matters, wherein the water content of the separated sludge containing the inorganic matters is less than 50%.
2. The method of controlling sludge treatment according to claim 1, wherein the content of Ca is 2+ Ca in chelating agent 2+ Accounting for 5wt% -10wt% of the premixed sludge.
3. The method of controlling sludge treatment according to claim 1, wherein the rotary shearing reaction in the alkaline thermal mechanical apparatus comprises a first stage, a second stage and a third stage;
in the first stage, the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft reaches the critical rotating speed from 0rpm, and the change of the rotating speed is linear, wherein the critical rotating speed is the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft when the chelate type composite sludge in the vertical stirring kettle reaches the preset maximum filling rate under the set rotating speed change rate;
in the second stage, the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft reaches a preset maximum rotating speed from a critical rotating speed, the change of the rotating speed is increased in steps, and the chelate type composite sludge forms high-temperature chelate sludge when the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft is the preset maximum rotating speed;
in the third stage, the rotating speed of the anchor stirring shaft is reduced to 0rpm from the preset maximum rotating speed, and the change of the rotating speed is linear.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the reduction range of the rotation speed of the anchor agitating shaft in the third stage is 3 to 5 times the increase range of the rotation speed of the anchor agitating shaft in the first stage.
5. The method for controlling sludge treatment according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of heat exchange cooling is not higher than 50 ℃, the pressure of advanced treatment is 0.4MPa to 0.6MPa, the time of advanced treatment is 1.5h to 3h, and the pH of the solution containing organic matters separated and extracted after advanced treatment is 7.2 to 7.8.
6. A control system for separating and extracting sludge treatment based on alkaline thermal hydrolysis machinery is characterized in that the control method for separating and extracting sludge treatment based on alkaline thermal hydrolysis machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is adopted, and comprises a control assembly, a premixing device, a labyrinth mixer, an alkaline thermal machinery device and a heat exchange and deep dehydration device which are connected in sequence;
wherein the premixing device filters the dewatered sludge with water content of more than 80 percent and then the filtered dewatered sludge is mixed with Ca in a set proportion 2+ Premixing the chelating agent to form premixed sludge with the pH value of 9-9.5;
the labyrinth mixer is used for carrying out secondary mixing and preheating energy storage on the premixed sludge to form chelate composite sludge, and the temperature of the chelate composite sludge is not lower than 60 ℃;
the alkaline thermal mechanical device is used for carrying out rotary shearing reaction on the chelate composite sludge, the temperature is gradually increased in the reaction to form high-temperature chelate sludge, the temperature of the formed high-temperature chelate sludge is 80-90 ℃, and then the high-temperature chelate sludge is continuously subjected to rotary shearing reaction for 1-1.5 hours to form pretreated sludge;
the heat exchange and deep dehydration device is used for carrying out heat exchange and cooling on the pretreated sludge, carrying out deep treatment after adding weak acid, and separating and extracting organic matters and inorganic matters, wherein the water content of the sludge containing the inorganic matters after separation is less than 50%;
and the control component is in circuit connection with the premixing device, the labyrinth mixer, the alkali thermal mechanical device and the heat exchange and deep dehydration device and regulates and controls parameters in sludge treatment.
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