CN115476117B - Spring support processing technology - Google Patents
Spring support processing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN115476117B CN115476117B CN202211166533.8A CN202211166533A CN115476117B CN 115476117 B CN115476117 B CN 115476117B CN 202211166533 A CN202211166533 A CN 202211166533A CN 115476117 B CN115476117 B CN 115476117B
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001917 fluorescence detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
- Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a processing technology of a bullet, which is used for processing the bullet, and specifically comprises the following steps: rough machining is carried out on the blank part to be machined, allowance control is carried out on a supporting ring, an elastic ring and a connecting ring of the blank part to be machined, machining allowance of the blank part to be machined is removed to form a blank, and the blank is stabilized; performing primary finish machining on the blank, further removing machining allowance and burrs on the blank by turning, turning and bench workers, and then forming a plurality of windows on the side wall of the elastic ring by milling; shot blasting and chrome plating are carried out on the chrome plating surface of the blank; and (3) carrying out finish machining on the blank, and carrying out a plurality of working procedures such as grinding, milling, finish boring and the like on the blank to finish the precise dimension of the blank in place so as to ensure that the part meets the design requirement and form a finished part. The invention combines rough machining and finish machining, adds a chromium plating process and sets a new clamp, so that the dimension of the machined part is stable, and the design requirement is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining processes, in particular to a spring support machining process.
Background
As shown in the typical spring support part shown in FIG. 1, specifically, the spring support comprises a support ring, an elastic ring and a connecting ring which are coaxially arranged, one end of the support ring is fixedly connected with an annular step, the annular step and the support ring are coaxially arranged, the inner circle of the annular step coincides with the inner circle of the support ring, two ends of the elastic ring are respectively fixedly connected with the annular step and the connecting ring, the inner circle radius of the elastic ring is gradually reduced from one end, connected with the annular step, of the elastic ring to the other end, the wall thickness of the elastic ring is unchanged, the inner circle radius of one end, connected with the annular step, coincides with the inner circle radius of the annular step, a plurality of windows are formed in the annular wall of the elastic ring, the windows are circumferentially arranged by taking the axle center of the elastic ring as an axis, and a plurality of mounting small holes are formed in the end face of the support ring. The parts comprise all the characteristics of spring-supported parts, the wall is thin, the precision of the parts is high, 24 windows are formed, and chrome plating and shot blasting are needed.
In particular, the following problems often exist during processing: 1. in the chromium layer processing process, bubbles are generated on the chromium-plated surface of part in the electroplating process or the thickness of the chromium layer is uneven, so that the chromium-plated surface is unqualified or cannot be ground completely, and the part is repaired;
2. in the process of processing the window by the spring support type part, the phenomenon of uneven width sizes of the window and the ribs exists, the width of the window close to the support surface is narrow, the width of the rib is wide, and the width of the window far from the support surface is wide, and the width of the rib is narrow.
3. Because the spring support part is a thin-wall part, the window needs to be processed and formed before internal and external grinding, so that the rigidity of the part is poor during the internal and external grinding processing, the clamping is easy to deform, and the size and form and position tolerance of the part are difficult to ensure.
In summary, when the spring is processed by the existing process, the spring is limited by the part structure and the wall thickness, is easy to deform in processing, and ensures the problem of difficult design requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a spring support processing technology which aims at solving the technical problem of how to effectively process spring support parts and stabilizing the sizes of the processed parts so as to meet the design requirements.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a process for processing a sabot including a support ring, an elastic ring and a connection ring fixedly connected in this order, the process comprising the steps of:
S100: rough machining is carried out on the blank part to be machined, allowance control is carried out on a supporting ring, an elastic ring and a connecting ring of the blank part to be machined, machining allowance of the blank part to be machined is removed to form a blank, and the blank is stabilized;
S200: performing primary finish machining on the blank in the step S100, further removing machining allowance and burrs on the blank by a turning worker, a turning worker and a bench worker, and then forming a plurality of windows on the side wall of the elastic ring by a milling machine;
s300: shot blasting and chrome plating are carried out on the chrome plating surface of the blank in the step S200, and the concrete steps are as follows:
S301: shot blasting is carried out on the chrome plating surface of the inner wall of the connecting ring, and then chrome plating is carried out on the chrome plating surface;
S302: grinding the blank processed in the step S301 through the end face of the supporting ring to form a stable supporting surface, fixing the blank through a grinder clamp, and enabling the clamp to be in butt joint with the inner circle of the blank to realize radial positioning and enabling the two ends of the blank to be in butt joint with the clamp to realize axial positioning;
S303: coarsely grinding the chromeplated surface by a grinder, coarsely grinding the inner circle of the connecting ring to ensure that the diameter of the chromeplated surface is 145.88mm plus or minus 0.05mm after processing, and checking whether the chromeplated inner hole is completely processed after processing;
S304: detecting the inner circle size of the connecting ring, if the inner circle of the connecting ring is processed to be the maximum phi 145.93mm in the step 303, grinding the unilateral allowance of a chromium layer to be at least 0.075mm, and if the unilateral allowance of the chromium layer is 0.035mm away from the final size, the inner hole is not completely ground up, so that the chromium plating of the part has a problem, the chromium plating is required to be repaired, if the inner hole is completely processed, the chromium plating surface is complete without any defect, the part does not need to be repaired, and then the rib of the window is shot-blasted;
S400: and (3) carrying out finish machining on the blank in the step (S300), and carrying out a plurality of working procedures such as grinding, milling, finish boring and the like on the blank to finish machining the precise size of the blank in place so as to ensure that the part meets the design requirement and form a finished part.
Further, the step S100 includes the steps of:
s101: performing primary turning on the blank part to be processed, and removing machining allowance of the outer contours of the blank part supporting ring, the elastic ring and the connecting ring to be processed to enable the outer contours of the blank part to be processed to be basically molded to form a blank;
s102: turning the blank for the first time, and turning the machining allowance of the large end face at the bottom of the support ring to provide a stable support surface;
S103: turning the blank twice, turning the machining allowance of the inner wall and the outer wall of the connecting ring to control the unilateral allowance of the connecting ring to be 0.4mm, and turning the machining allowance of the inner wall and the outer wall of the elastic ring to control the unilateral allowance of the elastic ring to be 0.4mm;
s104: carrying out bench work treatment on the blank, grinding the surface of the blank, and removing burrs on the surface of the blank;
s105: and (3) performing stabilization treatment on the blank, and removing internal stress of the blank.
Further, the step S200 specifically includes the following steps:
S201: cutting the end face of the support ring after the stabilization treatment by a lathe worker to provide a flat support surface, and grinding the support surface by the lathe worker;
s202: performing turning treatment on the outer contour and the inner contour of the support ring, the elastic ring and the connecting ring to remove machining allowance;
s203: marking the blank by a fitter;
s204: finishing the inner circular contours of the support ring, the elastic ring and the connecting ring by a plurality of lathes to ensure that the machining allowance is 0.099-0101 mm on one side;
s205: a plurality of small mounting holes are formed in the support ring through a plurality of milling holes;
S206: removing burrs on the surface of the part by a fitter;
S207: processing a bearing positioning groove on the end face of the support ring by an inserting tool;
S208: a window is formed in the elastic ring through a plurality of milling machines, and then window ribs are polished and burrs of parts are removed through a bench worker.
Further, after the blank is subjected to bench work in step S208, the blank is subjected to size detection and magnetic powder detection.
Further, the diameter of the mounting hole in the step S205 is 9mm to 9.05mm.
Further, the step S208 optimizes the logarithmic milling procedure, selects proper cutting parameters, and leaves reasonable finishing allowance, thereby ensuring the size requirements of 20+/-0.05 mm of the part window width, 3.5+/-0.05 mm of the rib width and the like.
Further, the step S400 specifically includes the following steps:
S401: firstly, carrying out flat grinding on the end face of the support ring through a grinding machine to provide a stable support surface for subsequent processes, then carrying out grinding on the end face through the grinding machine to further improve the requirement of the support surface, and fixing the blank through a grinding machine clamp to provide a stable environment for subsequent processes;
S402: sequentially grinding the outer circles of the support ring, the elastic ring and the connecting ring through a grinding machine to remove machining allowance, so that the outer circle sizes of the support ring, the elastic ring and the connecting ring accord with design sizes;
s403: grinding the mounting small holes on the end surface of the support ring, and removing machining allowance to enable the aperture of the mounting small holes to be close to the designed size;
S404: finely grinding the chromed surface through a grinding machine so that the chromed surface accords with the design size;
s405: carrying out finish machining on small holes on the support ring by using a boring machine, so that each small hole meets the design size requirement;
S406: and deburring the blank by a fitter to form a finished part.
Further, the step S404 is to process the diameter size of the small hole to 10 mm-10.05 mm.
Further, the bullet processing technology further comprises a step S500 for detecting a finished part, and the step 500 specifically comprises the following steps:
s501: performing full inspection on the design size of the finished part, checking whether the design size is qualified or not, and repairing if the design size is unqualified;
s502: if the finished part is qualified, performing magnetic inspection on the finished part, checking whether the finished part meets the magnetic inspection requirement, and if the finished part is unqualified, repairing the finished part;
S503: if the finished part is qualified, carrying out surface treatment on the finished part;
s504: detecting the appearance of the finished part, checking whether the finished part meets the appearance requirement, and repairing if the finished part does not meet the appearance requirement;
S505: and if the parts are qualified, cleaning the parts and packaging the parts.
Further, the surface treatment of step 503 is to apply rust preventive oil to the finished part.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
When the spring support is machined, rough machining is firstly carried out on a blank part to be machined, large allowance of the part of the blank part to be machined is removed through technological means such as turning, bench workers and the like, allowance control is carried out according to a design contour, machining parameters mainly comprise large allowance cutting, and after cutting, the blank part to be machined is subjected to stable treatment to remove machining stress so as to form a blank. And then, carrying out primary finish machining on the blank, wherein the primary working procedures of turning, milling and inserting work are adopted as the primary working procedures at the stage, the primary principle of technological programming is that turning is firstly followed by milling, so that large allowance can be removed by rough machining, the design size of the blank is solved by carrying out finish machining, the non-precise size of the part is machined in place, then, the elastic ring part is subjected to window opening through milling, and most allowance is removed to enable the design size of the part to be solved by partial size, and only about 0.1mm is reserved for the single side of the allowance of a grinding worker and finish boring, so that most of the size of the part reaches the design drawing requirement. Then, the part is subjected to a shot blasting stage, the chrome plating surface is determined to be subjected to shot blasting treatment, then chrome plating is carried out, after chrome plating, a grinding worker is arranged to grind the chrome plating surface, the chrome plating condition of the part is checked, the rib is subjected to shot blasting treatment and subsequent grinding worker finish machining after the rib is qualified, the problem is effectively found in the shortest process, the subsequent repairing is avoided, and the problem of bubbles and uneven plating generated in the process of the chrome plating is ground by the grinding worker, so that the surface of a blank is smooth. The appearance and the precise size of the part are unqualified, meanwhile, a clamp is adopted to radially and axially compress the blank in the grinding stage, on one hand, the supporting surface is kept smooth in the process of clamping the part, before the process of fine machining the part, grinding work or grinding process is properly arranged to process the supporting surface and carry out coloring inspection, on the other hand, the axial compression is adopted for clamping the part, and the radial compression force is changed into the axial compression force, so that the deformation of the part is reduced. And finally, carrying out finish machining on the blank, and machining the precise size of the part in place, so as to ensure that the part meets the design requirement. According to the spring support processing technology disclosed by the invention, on one hand, the processing process of a part is divided into rough and finish processing, so that the processing process is finished step by step, the rough processing is firstly carried out, the allowance of 0.03-0.05 mm is reserved for finish processing, and the feeding amount of finish processing is controlled to be about 0.005mm each time, so that the processed size is accurate and stable, meanwhile, a chromium plating process is newly added, the chromium plating quality of the part is checked by utilizing the shortest process, the hidden danger of the part processing is effectively eliminated, and the quality of the part is ensured; and on the other hand, the special grinding clamp is manufactured, the assembly gap is reduced, the part clamping is axially pressed, and the radial pressing force is changed into the axial pressing force, so that the deformation of the part is reduced, and the dimension of the machined part is stable. The spring support is machined by the machining process, so that the size of the machined part is stable, and the designed size requirement can be met.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a prior art projectile;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the clamp body of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a pressure plate in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a process flow diagram of a spring processing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating steps for rough machining of a spring according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating steps of primary finishing of a spring according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart illustrating steps of a spring-loaded chromium plating process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a spring finishing operation according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Legend description:
100. a support ring; 101. installing small holes; 102. an annular step; 200. an elastic ring; 201. a window; 300. a connecting ring; 400. a clamp body; 401. a support plate; 402. a first positioning table; 403. a second positioning table; 404. positioning a shaft; 405. a connector; 500. and (5) pressing plates.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, but the invention can be practiced in a number of different ways, as defined and covered below.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the specific elastic support includes a support ring 100, an elastic ring 200 and a connection ring 300 coaxially disposed, one end of the support ring 100 is fixedly connected with an annular step 102, the annular step 102 is coaxially disposed with the support ring 100, the inner circle of the annular step 102 coincides with the inner circle of the support ring 100, two ends of the elastic ring 200 are respectively fixedly connected with the annular step 102 and the connection ring 300, the inner circle radius of the elastic ring 200 is gradually reduced from one end of the elastic ring 200 connected with the annular step 102 to one end of the elastic ring 200 connected with the connection ring 300, the wall thickness of the elastic ring 200 is unchanged, the inner circle radius of one end of the elastic ring 200 connected with the annular step 102 coincides with the inner circle radius of the connection ring 300, a plurality of windows 201 are formed in the annular wall of the elastic ring 200, a plurality of windows 201 are circumferentially disposed with the axle center of the elastic ring 200 as an axis, and a plurality of mounting small holes 101 are formed in the end face of the support ring 100.
As shown in fig. 3, the structure of the grinding fixture includes a fixture body 400 and a pressing plate 500, wherein the fixture body 400 includes a support plate 401, a first positioning table 402, a second positioning table 403, a positioning shaft 404 and a connecting head 405, the first positioning table 402, the second positioning table 403 and the positioning shaft 404 are coaxially arranged with the support plate 401 and are sequentially and fixedly connected along the axial direction of the support plate 401, and the connecting head 405 is fixedly connected to one side of the support plate 401 away from the first positioning table 402 and is coaxially arranged with the support plate 401. During specific use, the clamp is fixed on the grinding machine through the connector 405, the elastic support sleeve is arranged on the first positioning table 402, the end face of the support ring 100 is abutted against the support plate 401, then the pressing plate 500 is in threaded connection with the positioning shaft 404, so that the connecting ring 300 is abutted against the pressing plate 500 to be pressed tightly, the axial pressing is realized, and the clamping deformation in the part machining process is reduced.
Referring to fig. 4 and 7, the invention discloses a process for processing a bullet, which comprises the following steps:
S100: rough machining is carried out on the blank part to be machined, allowance control is carried out on a supporting ring, an elastic ring and a connecting ring of the blank part to be machined, machining allowance of the blank part to be machined is removed to form a blank, and the blank is stabilized;
for step S100: mainly taking a lathe and a numerical lathe as main parts, carrying out allowance control along with the outline of a designed part, removing the processing large allowance of a blank part to be processed to form a blank, specifically, reserving allowance of 0.4-0.5 mm on one side of the blank, controlling the allowance in the range so as to facilitate the processing of a subsequent process, specifically, reserving too little allowance for the subsequent processing when the allowance range is smaller than 0.4mm, and reducing the fault tolerance rate when the processing is carried out subsequently; when the allowance range is more than 0.5mm, the processing time during finish machining cutting and grinding is prolonged, so that the total manufacturing time is prolonged; and finally, stabilizing the blank with the reserved machining allowance and controlled, and effectively removing internal stress of the part so as to facilitate the subsequent finish machining of the blank.
S200: performing primary finish machining on the blank in the step S100, further removing machining allowance and burrs on the blank by a turning worker, a turning worker and a bench worker, and then forming a plurality of windows on the side wall of the elastic ring by a milling machine;
aiming at the step S200, the working procedure mainly takes turning, milling and inserting work as main principles, the main principle of process programming is to turn and mill firstly, angle firstly and then the other, the main purpose is to machine the non-precise dimension of the blank in place, remove most of the allowance of precise dimension, only leave the grinding work and finish boring allowance of 0.095 mm-0.105 mm, the allowance is in the range, the working time of the subsequent second finish machining stage can be shortened, the grinding time of the subsequent grinding work can be prolonged beyond the range, and the allowance is too little to reduce the fault tolerance of the grinding work. Most of the size of the blank meets the design drawing requirement, and the blank is required to be subjected to bench work after a plurality of turning and a plurality of milling steps so as to remove burrs on the part, and the size and the shape of the part are preferably detected, and then the next working procedure is carried out according with the requirement and is responsible for repairing.
S300: shot blasting and chrome plating are carried out on the chrome plating surface of the blank in the step S200, and the concrete steps are as follows:
Aiming at the step S300, the surface hardness of the blank can be improved by shot blasting and chrome plating of the blank, the corrosion resistance and heat resistance of the blank are improved, and the fatigue life is prolonged.
S301: shot blasting is carried out on the chrome plating surface of the inner wall of the connecting ring, and then chrome plating is carried out on the chrome plating surface;
Aiming at step S301, by summarizing the chrome plating spring processing route and actual processing conditions, firstly shot blasting is carried out on the chrome plating surface, then chrome plating is carried out, after chrome plating, a grinding worker is arranged to grind the chrome plating surface, the chrome plating condition of the part is checked, the rib is shot blasted and then finish machined by the grinding worker, the problem is effectively found in the shortest process, and the defect that the appearance and the precise size of the part are unqualified due to subsequent repair is avoided. In the step, the chromium plating inner hole diameter of the blank piece before chromium plating is 146.18mm plus or minus 0.03mm, the maximum size of the inner hole diameter after chromium plating is phi 145.78mm, the single side thickness of the chromium layer is 0.2mm at the minimum, the design requires the thickness of the chromium layer to be 0.051mm-0.127mm, the single side grinding amount is at least 0.073mm, and the reserved grinding allowance is convenient for subsequent processing.
S302: grinding the blank processed in the step S301 to form a stable supporting surface through the end face of the supporting ring, and fixing the blank through a grinder clamp, wherein the clamp is abutted against the inner circle of the blank to realize radial positioning, and the two ends of the blank are abutted against the clamp to realize axial positioning;
for step S302: in general, the clamping process of the workpiece always causes deformation of different degrees, and particularly for thin-wall parts, the machining precision of the workpiece is seriously affected. On one hand, the bearing surface is kept flat in the process of clamping the part, before the process of fine machining the part, a grinding worker or a grinding process is properly arranged to process the bearing surface and carry out coloring inspection, and on the other hand, the part is clamped by adopting axial compression, and the radial compression force is changed into the axial compression force, so that the deformation of the part is reduced.
In order to meet the requirements, the large end face of the support ring is firstly ground, a foundation is laid for subsequent grinding work, the coloring area is required to be larger than 80% continuously and uninterruptedly after grinding is finished, and meanwhile, coloring detection is carried out on the supporting surface before each finish machining, so that the condition of part clamping deformation caused by uneven supporting surface is avoided. The radial stress of the blank is reduced by the arrangement of the grinding machine clamp, the radial stress deformation of the blank is prevented, and the grinding machine clamp is fixed in an axial compression mode, so that the size of the part is ensured to be qualified.
S303: coarsely grinding the chromeplated surface by a grinder, coarsely grinding the inner circle of the connecting ring to ensure that the diameter of the chromeplated surface is 145.88mm plus or minus 0.05mm after processing, and checking whether the chromeplated inner hole is completely processed after processing;
S304: detecting the inner circle size of the connecting ring, if the inner circle of the connecting ring is processed to be the maximum phi 145.93mm in the step 303, grinding the unilateral allowance of a chromium layer to be at least 0.075mm, and if the unilateral allowance of the chromium layer is 0.035mm from the final size to the minimum unilateral allowance, the inner hole is not completely plated with chromium, so that the chromium plating of the part is proved to have problems, the chromium plating is required to be repaired, and if the inner hole is completely processed, the chromium plating surface is complete without any defect, the part is not required to be repaired, and then the rib of the window is shot blasting;
Aiming at step 304, whether the chromium plating of the part has problems or not is detected through the size, so that the problems can be effectively found in the shortest working procedure, the subsequent repair is avoided, and the quality of the part is ensured.
S400: and (3) carrying out finish machining on the blank in the step (S300), and carrying out a plurality of working procedures such as grinding, milling, finish boring and the like on the blank to finish machining the precise size of the blank in place so as to ensure that the part meets the design requirement and form a finished part.
Aiming at the step S400, the main working procedures of the stage mainly comprise grinding, grinding and fine boring, and the stage is a core stage of spring supporting processing, and has the advantages of small dimensional tolerance, high form and position tolerance requirement, strict surface quality of parts, great processing difficulty and high requirements on operator skills and process maturity.
In summary, according to the spring support processing technology disclosed by the invention, on one hand, the processing process of a part is divided into rough and fine processing, so that the processing process is finished step by step, the rough processing is firstly carried out, the allowance of 0.04-0.05 mm is reserved for fine processing, the allowance is controlled in the range, the processing of the subsequent technology is convenient, and particularly, when the allowance range is smaller than 0.4mm, the reserved allowance for the subsequent processing is too small, and the fault tolerance is reduced when the subsequent processing is carried out; when the allowance range is more than 0.5mm, the processing time during finish machining cutting and grinding is prolonged, so that the total manufacturing time is prolonged; the cutting feed amount is controlled to be about 0.005mm in each finish machining, so that the dimensional accuracy after cutting is improved, the machined dimension is accurate and stable, a chromium plating process is additionally arranged, the chromium plating quality of the part is checked by utilizing the shortest process, the hidden danger of part machining is effectively eliminated, and the quality of the part is ensured; and on the other hand, the special grinding clamp is manufactured, the assembly gap is reduced, the part clamping is axially pressed, and the radial pressing force is changed into the axial pressing force, so that the deformation of the part is reduced, and the dimension of the machined part is stable. The spring support is machined by the machining process, so that the size of the machined part is stable, and the designed size requirement can be met.
Referring to fig. 5, step S100 includes the steps of:
s101: performing primary turning on the blank part to be processed, and removing machining allowance of the outer contours of the blank part supporting ring, the elastic ring and the connecting ring to be processed to enable the outer contours of the blank part to be processed to be basically molded to form a blank;
for step S101, the cast blank part to be processed is placed on a lathe for rough machining, and the main purpose is to turn the blank part into a basic design contour and remove a large machining allowance of an outer contour.
S102: turning the blank for the first time, and turning the machining allowance of the large end face at the bottom of the support ring to provide a stable support surface;
For step S102, the blank is turned for the first time through a numerical control lathe, and the machining allowance of the large end face at the bottom of the supporting ring is mainly turned, so that a stable supporting surface is provided, and the subsequent machining of the blank is facilitated.
S103: turning the blank twice, turning the machining allowance of the inner wall and the outer wall of the connecting ring to control the unilateral allowance of the connecting ring to be 0.4mm, and turning the machining allowance of the inner wall and the outer wall of the elastic ring to control the unilateral allowance of the elastic ring to be 0.4mm;
Aiming at the step S103, the connecting ring and the elastic ring are processed through a numerical control lathe, and specifically, the processing allowance of the inner wall and the outer wall of the connecting ring is removed by turning, so that the unilateral processing allowance of the connecting ring is controlled to be 0.4 mm-0.5 mm; the machining allowance of the inner wall and the outer wall of the elastic ring is removed by turning, so that the unilateral allowance of the elastic ring is controlled to be 0.4-0.5 mm, after rough turning is performed on a blank, large allowance of parts can be removed before finish machining, on one hand, rough machining is performed firstly, large allowance of machining of the parts is removed, the working time of finish machining can be shortened, the machining speed is improved, on the other hand, after the allowance is controlled to be a reasonable range value, the parts can be conveniently processed in the follow-up finish machining stage, specific turning data can be set in a numerical control machine tool, and the operation is facilitated.
S104: carrying out bench work treatment on the blank, grinding the surface of the blank, and removing burrs on the surface of the blank;
Aiming at the step S104, the blank is subjected to bench work treatment, so that on one hand, the surface of the blank can be ground, burrs on the surface of the blank are removed, and on the other hand, the surface of the blank can be marked, so that the parts can be traced and distinguished and classified conveniently during subsequent processing.
S105: and (3) performing stabilization treatment on the blank, and removing internal stress of the blank.
Aiming at step S105, the blank is subjected to stabilization treatment, so that the internal stress of the blank can be eliminated, the structure of the blank is stable, the subsequent processing is easier, the elastic limit of the blank can be improved, and the stress loss of the spring support is reduced when the spring support is in service under the condition of keeping tension for a long time.
Referring to fig. 6, the step S200 is a primary finishing stage, and specifically includes the following steps:
S201: cutting the end face of the support ring after the stabilization treatment by a lathe worker to provide a flat support surface, and grinding the support surface by the lathe worker;
Aiming at the step S201, the end face of the supporting ring is cut and ground to enable the supporting surface to be flat, in order to detect the cutting and grinding effects of the end face of the supporting ring, coloring inspection of the end face can be set, the end face enters the subsequent processing procedure after the coloring inspection is qualified, the supporting surface is processed, the workblank can be firmly and flatly fixed in the clamping process of the subsequent processing, and due to the adoption of axial positioning, the risk of deformation in the part clamping process can be reduced due to the flattening of the end face, and the qualification rate of finished parts is improved.
S202: performing turning treatment on the outer contour and the inner contour of the support ring, the elastic ring and the connecting ring to remove machining allowance;
and (S202) selecting reasonable cutting parameters, cutting the inner circular contour and the outer circular contour of the blank by a numerical control lathe according to the design size requirement, and reserving a reasonable grinding allowance in the subsequent finish machining. ,
S203: marking the blank by a fitter;
Aiming at step S203, the blank is marked by a bench, so that the subsequent processing and distinguishing and the repairing and tracing are facilitated.
S204: finishing the inner circular contours of the support ring, the elastic ring and the connecting ring by a plurality of lathes to ensure that the machining allowance is 0.099-0.101 mm on one side;
For step S204, the inner circular contours of the support ring, the elastic ring and the connecting ring are finished by a numerical control lathe, and after cutting, the machining allowance is 0.099-0.101 mm on one side, so that the allowance is removed for subsequent machining. Specifically, the margin range is lower than 0.099mm, so that the reserved margin for the subsequent processing is too small, and the fault tolerance is reduced when the subsequent processing is carried out; when the allowance is more than 0.101mm, the processing time during finish machining cutting and grinding is prolonged, thereby prolonging the total manufacturing time
S205: a plurality of small mounting holes are formed in the support ring through a plurality of milling holes;
Aiming at step S205, the number and the positions of the small holes are specifically set according to a design drawing, and the small holes are formed on the end face of the support ring through a numerical control milling machine according to the design drawing, because the alignment requirement on the subsequent machining sequence is extremely high, when in actual machining, the allowance of 0.25mm is required to be reserved for small Kong Shanbian, the process requirement cannot be met, then the adjustment is carried out, the diameters of the small holes of the parts are adjusted to be 9-9.05 mm, the fault tolerance of the subsequent machining is improved, small holes with smaller holes are machined firstly, a new hole milling procedure is added in the subsequent finishing stage, and the small holes are machined to the design size.
S206: removing burrs on the surface of the part by a fitter;
For step S206, the surface of the part is ground by a fitter, thereby removing burrs on the surface of the part. The dimensional accuracy of the parts is improved.
S207: processing a bearing positioning groove on the end face of the support ring by an inserting tool;
for step S207, a bearing positioning groove is formed in the end face of the support ring through an inserting tool.
S208: a window is formed on the elastic ring through a plurality of mills, and then window ribs are polished and repaired through a bench worker, and burrs of parts are removed;
Aiming at step S208, the spring support window is processed on the vertical processing center and is matched with the rotation of the A axis, the window is milled one by one, stress release and other reasons exist in the window milling process, so that the window and the rib are uneven in width, the window width at the position close to the support surface is narrow, the rib is wide, the window width at the position far from the support surface is wide, and the rib is narrow. In order to avoid the phenomenon as much as possible, a numerical milling program is optimized, proper cutting parameters are selected, and reasonable finishing allowance is reserved, so that the size requirements of 20+/-0.05 mm of part window width, 3.5+/-0.05 mm of rib width and the like are ensured.
The tolerance of the single side wall thickness, the window width and the rib width of the part window is only +/-0.05 mm, the window is on the conical surface of the part and is easier to deform, in the process, a drill bit is firstly used for machining a hole, a milling cutter is used for rough machining of the window for forming, a margin of 0.5mm is reserved on the single side, a milling cutter is used for finish machining of the window, finally a milling cutter is used for machining of a round angle of the window, meanwhile, the rough milling is required to be used for clamping the part again after machining, alignment is performed again, specifically, the inner circle of the supporting ring is subjected to surface marking alignment, the aligned inner circle jumps to not more than 0.01mm according to the technological requirement, and finish machining is performed after the requirement is met.
Further, after the blank is subjected to bench work in step S208, the blank is subjected to size detection and magnetic powder detection.
Specifically, the blank is subjected to size detection and magnetic powder detection so as to check whether the non-precise size part of the blank meets the drawing size requirement, and the purpose of the magnetic powder detection is to detect whether the surface of the blank has defects. When the surface of the blank has defects, discontinuous magnetic marks are piled on the surface of the detected blank, and the discontinuous shapes, positions and sizes can be intuitively displayed. So that the magnetic powder detection is convenient for detecting whether defects exist on the surface of the part.
Further, the diameter of the mounting hole in step S205 is 9mm to 9.05mm.
Specifically, through the conversion, the tolerance of 10 mm-10.05 mm needs to be adjusted to 0.02, and the alignment requirement on the subsequent machining sequence is extremely high, so that during actual machining, the allowance of Kong Shanbian needs to be reserved for 0.25, the process requirement cannot be met, then adjustment is carried out, the diameter of a small hole of a drawing design part is adjusted to be 9 mm-9.05 mm, subsequent finish machining is facilitated, a number milling step is added in the subsequent process, and the size of the small hole is further machined to be 10 mm-10.05 mm.
Further, the step S208 optimizes the logarithmic milling procedure, selects proper cutting parameters, and leaves reasonable finishing allowance, thereby ensuring the size requirements of 20mm plus or minus 0.05mm of the window width of the part, 3.5mm plus or minus 0.05mm of the rib width, and the like.
Specifically, in the program, firstly, a drill is used for machining and forming a hole, then a milling cutter rough machining window is used for forming, a margin of 0.5mm is reserved on one side, then a milling cutter finish machining window is used, finally, a milling cutter is used for machining a window round angle, meanwhile, the rough milling machining is required, then the part is clamped again, alignment is carried out again, and then finish machining is carried out.
Referring to fig. 8, the step S400 specifically includes the following steps:
Specifically, step S400 is a finishing stage for machining the precision dimension of the part in place to form a finished part meeting the design requirements.
S401: firstly, carrying out flat grinding on the end face of the support ring through a grinding machine to provide a stable support surface for subsequent processes, then carrying out grinding on the end face through the grinding machine to further improve the requirement of the support surface, and fixing the blank through a grinding machine clamp to provide a stable environment for subsequent processes;
Aiming at step S401, specifically, the end face of the support ring is subjected to flat grinding and lapping, the flatness of the surface of the support surface is improved, so that the flatness of the surface of the support surface is improved, the subsequent part clamping process is ensured, the part clamping deformation is prevented, meanwhile, the end face is required to be subjected to coloring inspection after the end face of the support ring is processed, in actual implementation, the flatness of the end face of the support ring is mainly inspected by red stamp-pad ink, the coloring operation is convenient by smearing the red stamp-pad ink on the end face of the support ring, then the end face of the support ring smeared with the stamp-pad ink is contacted with a support plate of a clamp, the support plate is rotated for a circle, the attachment area of the red stamp-pad ink on the support plate is observed, the larger attachment area is, namely the larger coloring area is, the smaller the joint gap between the two contact surfaces is, the flatness between the two contact surfaces is better, and the coloring area of the support plate is required to be not less than 80%.
S402: sequentially grinding the outer circles of the support ring, the elastic ring and the connecting ring through a grinding machine to remove machining allowance, so that the outer circle sizes of the support ring, the elastic ring and the connecting ring accord with design sizes;
Aiming at step S402, the outer circles of the supporting ring, the elastic ring and the connecting ring are ground through a grinding machine, and in order to ensure that the grinding is in accordance with the design size, the feeding amount is controlled to be 0.005mm each time, so that the size can be accurately controlled during grinding, and the outer circles can meet the design size requirement.
S403: grinding the mounting small holes on the end surface of the support ring, and removing machining allowance to enable the aperture of the mounting small holes to be close to the designed size;
S404: finely grinding the chromed surface through a grinding machine so that the chromed surface accords with the design size;
For S404, the chrome plating surface, i.e., the window portion of the elastic ring, is finely ground so that the window size conforms to the actual size.
S405: finish machining is carried out on the mounting small holes on the support ring by using a milling machine, so that each small hole meets the design size requirement;
specifically, in step S405, the mounting hole is finished to a size of 10mm to 10.05mm by a milling machine.
S406: and deburring the blank by a fitter to form a finished part.
For step S406, after the dimensions meet the design requirements, the surface of the part is further processed by a bench worker to remove burrs generated by the machining.
Further, the step S404 is to process the diameter size of the small hole to 10 mm-10.05 mm.
Further, the bullet processing technology further comprises a step S500 for detecting a finished part, and the step 500 specifically comprises the following steps:
s501: performing full inspection on the design size of the finished part, checking whether the design size is qualified or not, and repairing if the design size is unqualified;
checking the design size to prevent unqualified products from appearing according to the step S501;
s502: if the finished part is qualified, performing magnetic inspection on the finished part, checking whether the finished part meets the magnetic inspection requirement, and if the finished part is unqualified, repairing the finished part;
For step S502, it should be noted that fluorescence detection is avoided during magnetic detection, because the fluorescent environment is prone to rust.
S503: if the finished part is qualified, carrying out surface treatment on the finished part;
s504: detecting the appearance of the finished part, checking whether the finished part meets the appearance requirement, and repairing if the finished part does not meet the appearance requirement;
Aiming at step S504, the appearance of the part is detected, and whether the design requirement is met is judged.
S505: and if the parts are qualified, cleaning the parts and packaging the parts.
Further, the surface treatment of step 503 is to apply rust preventive oil to the finished part.
Specifically, in this embodiment, rust preventive oil is applied to the surface of the part. The corrosion resistance of the part can be improved, and the part is mainly installed in an aeroengine, so that the working condition is bad, and the service life of the part can be prolonged after the rust preventive oil is smeared.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A process for processing a bullet, the bullet including a support ring (100), an elastic ring (200) and a connecting ring (300) arranged in sequence, the process comprising the steps of:
S100: rough machining is carried out on the blank part to be machined, allowance control is carried out on a supporting ring (100), an elastic ring (200) and a connecting ring (300) of the blank part to be machined, machining allowance of the blank part to be machined is removed to form a blank, machining parameters mainly comprise large allowance cutting, and stable treatment is carried out on the blank;
S200: performing primary finish machining on the blank in the step S100, further removing machining allowance and burrs on the blank by a turning worker, a turning worker and a bench worker, and then forming a plurality of windows (201) on the side wall of the elastic ring (200) by a milling machine;
s300: shot blasting and chrome plating are carried out on the chrome plating surface of the blank in the step S200, and the concrete steps are as follows:
S301: shot blasting is carried out on the chromeplated surface of the inner wall of the connecting ring (300), and then chromeplated surface is carried out on the surface to be chromeplated to form a chromeplated surface;
S302: grinding the blank processed in the step S301 through the end face of the supporting ring (100) to form a stable supporting surface, fixing the blank through a grinder clamp, and enabling the clamp to be in butt joint with the inner circle of the blank to realize radial positioning and enabling the two ends of the blank to be in butt joint with the clamp to realize axial positioning;
s303: coarsely grinding the chromeplate surface by a grinder, coarsely grinding the inner circle of the connecting ring (300) to ensure that the diameter of the chromeplate surface reaches a preset diameter range after processing, and checking whether the inner hole of the chromeplate surface is completely chromeplate after processing;
S304: detecting the inner circle size of the connecting ring (300), if the inner circle of the connecting ring (300) is processed to the maximum preset diameter in the step 303, grinding the unilateral allowance of the chromium layer to be at least 0.075mm, and the unilateral allowance of the minimum unilateral allowance of the designed size to be 0.035mm, wherein the inner hole is not completely plated with chromium, thus proving that the chromium plating of the part has a problem, the chromium plating is required to be repaired, and if the inner hole is completely plated with chromium, the chromium plating surface is complete without any defect, the part is not required to be repaired, and then the rib of the window (201) is shot-blasted;
s400: and (3) carrying out finish machining on the blank in the step (S300), and carrying out grinding, milling and finish boring on the blank to finish machining the precise size of the blank in place so as to ensure that the part meets the design requirement and form a finished part.
2. The spring supporting process according to claim 1, wherein said step S100 comprises the steps of:
S101: performing primary turning on the blank part to be processed, and removing machining allowance of the outer contours of the blank part supporting ring (100), the elastic ring (200) and the connecting ring (300) to be processed to enable the outer contours of the blank part to be processed to be basically molded to form a blank;
S102: turning the blank for the first time, and turning the machining allowance of the large end surface at the bottom of the support ring (100) to provide a stable support surface;
S103: turning the blank twice, removing machining allowance of the inner wall and the outer wall of the connecting ring (300) to control the unilateral allowance of the connecting ring (300) to be 0.4mm, and removing machining allowance of the inner wall and the outer wall of the elastic ring (200) to control the unilateral allowance of the elastic ring (200) to be 0.4mm;
s104: carrying out bench work treatment on the blank, grinding the surface of the blank, and removing burrs on the surface of the blank;
s105: and (3) performing stabilization treatment on the blank, and removing internal stress of the blank.
3. The bullet processing technique according to claim 1, wherein the step S200 specifically includes the steps of:
S201: cutting the end face of the support ring (100) after the stabilization treatment by a lathe worker to provide a flat support surface, and grinding the support surface by the lathe worker;
s202: performing numerical control on the outer circle outline and the inner circle outline of the support ring (100), the elastic ring (200) and the connecting ring (300) to remove machining allowance;
s203: marking the blank by a fitter;
s204: finishing the inner circular contours of the support ring (100), the elastic ring (200) and the connecting ring (300) by a plurality of lathes to ensure that the machining allowance is 0.099-0101 mm on one side;
S205: a plurality of mounting small holes (101) are formed in the support ring (100) through a plurality of milling machines;
S206: removing burrs on the surface of the part by a fitter;
S207: machining a bearing positioning groove on the end face of the support ring (100) through an inserting tool;
S208: a window (201) is formed in the elastic ring (200) through a plurality of milling machines, and then ribs of the window (201) are polished and burrs of parts are removed through a bench worker.
4. A spring supporting process according to claim 3, wherein said step S208 performs size inspection and magnetic powder inspection on the blank after polishing the window (201) ribs and deburring the part.
5. The bullet processing technique according to claim 4, wherein the diameter of the mounting hole (101) in the step S205 is 9mm to 9.05mm.
6. The spring forming process according to claim 4, wherein step S208 optimizes the logarithmic milling process, selects suitable cutting parameters, and leaves a reasonable finishing allowance to ensure the part window (201) width of 20±0.05mm and rib width of 3.5±0.05 mm.
7. The bullet processing technique according to claim 2, wherein the step S400 specifically includes the steps of:
S401: firstly, carrying out flat grinding on the end face of a supporting ring (100) through a grinding machine to provide a stable supporting surface for subsequent processes, then carrying out grinding on the end face through the grinding machine to further improve the requirement of the supporting surface, and then fixing a blank through a grinding machine clamp to provide a stable environment for subsequent processes;
S402: sequentially grinding the outer circles of the support ring (100), the elastic ring (200) and the connecting ring (300) through a grinding machine to remove machining allowance, so that the outer circle sizes of the support ring (100), the elastic ring (200) and the connecting ring (300) accord with design sizes;
s403: grinding the mounting small holes (101) on the end face of the support ring (100), and removing machining allowance, so that the aperture of the mounting small holes (101) is close to the designed size;
S404: finely grinding the chromed surface through a grinding machine so that the chromed surface accords with the design size;
s405: carrying out finish machining on small holes on the support ring (100) by using a boring machine so that each small hole meets the design size requirement;
S406: and deburring the blank by a fitter to form a finished part.
8. The process for manufacturing a bullet according to claim 7, wherein the step S404 is performed to manufacture the diameter of the small hole to 10mm to 10.05mm.
9. The process according to claim 2, further comprising a step S500 for detecting a finished part, said step 500 comprising in particular the steps of:
s501: performing full inspection on the design size of the finished part, checking whether the design size is qualified or not, and repairing if the design size is unqualified;
s502: if the finished part is qualified, performing magnetic inspection on the finished part, checking whether the finished part meets the magnetic inspection requirement, and if the finished part is unqualified, repairing the finished part;
S503: if the finished part is qualified, carrying out surface treatment on the finished part;
s504: detecting the appearance of the finished part, checking whether the finished part meets the appearance requirement, and repairing if the finished part does not meet the appearance requirement;
S505: and if the parts are qualified, cleaning the parts and packaging the parts.
10. The spring forming process according to claim 9, wherein the surface treatment of step 503 is a painting of rust preventive oil on the finished part.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102049666A (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2011-05-11 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for manufacturing large elastic obturating piston ring |
| CN102518529A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-06-27 | 仪征双环活塞环有限公司 | External circle contour shape of oil ring and machining method for external circle contour shape |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1586684A (en) * | 1978-05-31 | 1981-03-25 | Flamecut Blanks Ltd | Ring-type hose clamp |
| SU1632727A1 (en) * | 1988-12-27 | 1991-03-07 | Одесский Конструкторско-Технологический Институт По Поршневым Кольцам | Method for making piston rings |
| CN103742283A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2014-04-23 | 江苏环洋组合机床有限公司 | Piston ring and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102049666A (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2011-05-11 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for manufacturing large elastic obturating piston ring |
| CN102518529A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-06-27 | 仪征双环活塞环有限公司 | External circle contour shape of oil ring and machining method for external circle contour shape |
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