CN115475502B - Carbon dioxide capturing method and system for tail gas containing carbon dioxide emission - Google Patents
Carbon dioxide capturing method and system for tail gas containing carbon dioxide emission Download PDFInfo
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- JTXJZBMXQMTSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N amino hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound NOC(O)=O JTXJZBMXQMTSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium carbonate Chemical compound N.N.OC(O)=O PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010066278 cabin-4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/96—Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon dioxide capturing method for carbon dioxide-containing exhaust gas, which comprises the steps of carrying out bubbling reaction on the exhaust gas and alkaline ammonia water solution to obtain ammonia bicarbonate mixed solution; guiding out the ammonium bicarbonate mixed solution, and reacting with sulfuric acid to generate carbon dioxide and a reaction mixed solution; carrying out membrane be temporarily released from one's regular work on the reaction mixed solution to trap the mixed solution of carbon dioxide and ammonium sulfate, and collecting and storing carbon dioxide through vacuumizing or gas purging; and (3) carrying out bipolar membrane electrodialysis on the ammonium sulfate mixed solution to convert the ammonium sulfate mixed solution into sulfuric acid and ammonia water, wherein the ammonia water and sulfuric acid participate in circulation. The invention meets the requirement of high-efficiency recovery of carbon dioxide, can realize high-efficiency circulation of sulfuric acid and ammonia water, reduces the recovery cost of carbon dioxide, and maintains stable and high-efficiency operation of recovery operation. The front-end bubbling reaction and the back-end sulfuric acid participating reaction are combined, so that the recovery rate of carbon dioxide is improved, and the method has higher economic value. The system has the advantages of utilizing waste heat, effectively reducing the reaction energy consumption of the system, and being particularly suitable for recovering the tail gas discharged by a power plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a carbon dioxide capturing method and a system for tail gas containing carbon dioxide emission, and belongs to the technical field of carbon dioxide recovery.
Background
Human activities such as harvesting energy by burning fossil fuels vent large amounts of carbon dioxide (and other acid gases such as sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride) to the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is an important greenhouse gas. The rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration is widely recognized as a major cause of global climate change or global warming and surface marine acidification. The united nations climate change framework convention (United Nations Framework Convention on CLIMATE CHANGE) emphasizes in the copenhagen protocol (Copenhagen Accord, 2009) that climate change is one of the greatest challenges in the current era, thus determining a common goal of controlling global temperature rise amplitude below 2 ℃. It is widely accepted by the international scientific community that the annual emissions of global greenhouse gases must be reduced to half the 1990 emissions before 2050 in order to control the global temperature rise amplitude below 2 ℃.
Currently 80% of the world's energy comes from fossil fuels and the earth stores very rich fossil fuels, especially coal. In view of the fact that humans are still dependent on fossil fuels, at present and in the foreseeable future, it is particularly important and urgent to find or invent an efficient, economical and environmentally friendly method for sequestering carbon dioxide. Only with such a method, we can achieve the goal of carbon dioxide abatement while continuing to rely on fossil fuels.
The chinese patent of publication CN101992015A provides a method for sequestering carbon dioxide in a gas, which reveals the content of absorbing part of the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas by alkaline ammoniation solution, and the absorbed carbon dioxide is converted into ammonium carbonate salt and precipitated out. The ammonia gas is generated by the reaction of ammonium salt and alkaline substances, and carbon dioxide recovery is realized by absorbing carbon dioxide by using alkaline ammoniated solution to separate out bicarbonate, so that the problems of low system circulation rate and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, and provides a carbon dioxide capturing method and a system for tail gas containing carbon dioxide emission, aiming at the problems of unstable recovery rate and poor cycle sustainability and higher energy consumption of the traditional carbon dioxide.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the carbon dioxide capturing method for the tail gas containing carbon dioxide emission comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out bubbling reaction on the discharged tail gas and an alkaline ammonia water solution to obtain an ammonia bicarbonate mixed solution;
s2, leading out ammonium bicarbonate mixed solution, and reacting with sulfuric acid to generate carbon dioxide and reaction mixed solution;
S3, carrying out membrane be temporarily released from one's regular work on the reaction mixed solution to trap the mixed solution of carbon dioxide and ammonium sulfate, and collecting and storing carbon dioxide through vacuumizing or gas purging;
s4, performing bipolar membrane electrodialysis on the ammonium sulfate mixed solution to convert the ammonium sulfate mixed solution into sulfuric acid and ammonia water, enabling the ammonia water to enter a step S1 for cyclic reaction, and enabling the sulfuric acid to enter a step S2 for cyclic reaction.
Preferably, in the step S1, the ammonia bicarbonate mixed solution is led out and stored, and the waste heat of the exhaust gas is utilized to perform waste heat recovery and heat preservation.
Preferably, the temperature of the waste heat recovery and heat preservation is at least 45 ℃.
Preferably, in the step S1, the tail gas is recovered after the bubbling reaction.
Preferably, in the step S1, the alkaline aqueous ammonia solution is an alkaline aqueous ammonia solution having a water content of 16.8% and a PH of 12.
Preferably, in the step S2, the reaction temperature of the ammonium bicarbonate mixed solution and sulfuric acid is 20 ℃ ± 2 ℃.
The invention also provides a carbon dioxide capturing system which comprises a bubbling reactor, an alkaline ammonia water solution storage tank, an ammonia bicarbonate mixed solution storage tank, an ammonium bicarbonate reaction cabin, a sulfuric acid storage tank, a carbon dioxide collecting and storing cabin, a membrane stripping system, an ammonium sulfate mixed solution storage tank and a bipolar membrane electrodialysis system,
The device comprises a bubbling reactor, an alkaline ammonia solution storage tank, an ammonia bicarbonate reaction cabin, a membrane stripping system, an ammonium bicarbonate reaction cabin, a carbon dioxide collecting and storing cabin, a liquid outlet end of the membrane stripping system, an ammonium sulfate mixed solution storage tank, a bipolar membrane electrodialysis system and a bipolar membrane electrodialysis system, wherein the bubbling reactor is connected with the ammonia bicarbonate mixed solution storage tank, the alkaline ammonia solution storage tank is connected with the bubbling reactor, the alkaline ammonia solution storage tank is connected with the alkaline ammonia solution storage tank, the alkaline ammonia solution storage tank is connected with the ammonia bicarbonate mixed solution storage tank, the sulfuric acid storage tank is connected with the ammonium bicarbonate reaction cabin, the membrane stripping system is connected with the carbon dioxide collecting and storing cabin respectively, and the liquid outlet end of the membrane stripping system is connected with the ammonium sulfate mixed solution storage tank, the ammonium sulfate mixed solution storage tank is connected with the bipolar membrane electrodialysis system is connected with the bubbling reactor and the sulfuric acid storage tank respectively.
Preferably, a preheating recovery system is arranged between the bubbling reactor and the alkaline ammonia water solution storage tank.
Preferably, a PH detection sensor and an ammonia concentration measuring device are arranged in the bubbling reactor.
Preferably, the ammonium bicarbonate reaction cabin is provided with a temperature control device.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly as follows:
1. the high-efficiency recycling requirement of carbon dioxide is met, the high-efficiency recycling of sulfuric acid and ammonia water can be realized, the carbon dioxide recycling cost is reduced, and the stable and high-efficiency operation of recycling operation is maintained.
2. The front-end bubbling reaction and the back-end sulfuric acid participating reaction are combined, so that the recovery rate of carbon dioxide is improved, and the method has higher economic value.
3. The system has the advantages of utilizing waste heat, effectively reducing the reaction energy consumption of the system, and being particularly suitable for recovering the tail gas discharged by a power plant.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for capturing carbon dioxide in tail gas emitted from a power plant.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the carbon dioxide capture system of the exhaust from the power plant of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The application is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the application and are not limiting of the application. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present application are shown in the drawings. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
The invention provides a carbon dioxide capturing method for tail gas containing carbon dioxide emission, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
bubbling the discharged tail gas with alkaline ammonia water solution to obtain ammonia bicarbonate mixed solution;
Guiding out the ammonium bicarbonate mixed solution, and reacting with sulfuric acid to generate carbon dioxide and a reaction mixed solution;
Carrying out membrane be temporarily released from one's regular work on the reaction mixed solution to trap the mixed solution of carbon dioxide and ammonium sulfate, and collecting and storing carbon dioxide through vacuumizing or gas purging;
And (3) performing bipolar membrane electrodialysis on the ammonium sulfate mixed solution to convert the ammonium sulfate mixed solution into sulfuric acid and ammonia water, enabling the ammonia water to enter a step S1 for cyclic reaction, and enabling the sulfuric acid to enter a step S2 for cyclic reaction.
The specific implementation process and principle description:
Ammonia water for absorbing carbon dioxide ：NH3+H2O＝NH3·H2O,NH3·H2O+CO2＝NH4HCO3;
Sulfuric acid participates in the reaction: h 2SO4+2NH4HCO3 (excess) =2h 2O+2CO2↑+(NH4)2SO4.
In the scheme, the bubbling reaction can be used for increasing the absorption efficiency of ammonia water to absorb carbon dioxide, the back-end sulfuric acid participates in the reaction to release carbon dioxide, meanwhile, the demolding is used for realizing the permeation recovery and gas interception of ammonium sulfate, the recovery rate of carbon dioxide is improved, and finally, the bipolar membrane electrodialysis is used for realizing the conversion of sulfuric acid and alkaline ammonia water.
In detail, when the membrane stripping system is vacuumized or purged by gas, the dissolution balance of gas and liquid can be destroyed; this creates a driving force for the migration of gas from the liquid to the gas phase. Since the membrane contact surface is a hydrophobic membrane, only gas is allowed to pass through, and liquid cannot pass through. The dissolved gas in the liquid is continuously carried away by vacuum or purge gas, but water cannot permeate, so that degassing is realized. Then we can get more than 90% concentration of CO 2 at the collection end.
Bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BPED, bipolar membrane electrodialysis) is a new type of electrodialysis that is formed by introducing bipolar membranes based on the original electrodialysis, and combining various configurations of the cathode and/or anode membranes. Unlike the concentration and desalination function of conventional electrodialysis, the function is to convert the salt solution into acids and bases. The three-compartment bipolar membrane electrodialysis comprises three chambers of acid, alkali and salt, wherein the acid is generated by combining anions of the salt with H+ ions generated by the bipolar membrane through the bipolar membrane, and the alkali is generated by combining cations with OH-ions generated by the bipolar membrane through the cation exchange membrane. The process corresponds to the reverse reaction process of the neutralization reaction. Thereby converting the ammonium sulfate mixed solution into sulfuric acid and alkaline ammonia water to participate in the system circulation.
In a specific embodiment, the ammonia bicarbonate mixed solution is led out and stored, and waste heat recovery and heat preservation are performed by utilizing the waste heat of the exhaust gas and the waste heat of the bubbling reaction. The temperature of waste heat recovery and heat preservation is at least 45 ℃. The aqueous alkaline solution was an aqueous alkaline solution having a water content of 16.8% and a pH of 12. And (5) carrying out tail gas recovery after the bubbling reaction.
Research shows that when CO 2 in the power plant flue gas is removed, the solution absorbs CO 2 and is not a pure exothermic reaction; the absorption capacity can reach 1.0kg (CO 2)/1 kg (ammonia), and the theoretical analysis and mass data calculation show that if the PH value of the ammonia water is 12, the removal rate of the ammonia water absorbing carbon dioxide at the temperature (45 ℃ C.) can reach more than 98%.
Therefore, two-stage CO 2 absorption is adopted, firstly, gas-liquid full mixing is realized through bubbling reaction, insoluble gas is discharged, and then absorption stabilization and maintenance are carried out through waste heat recovery and heat preservation, so that the absorption content guarantee before the rear-end cooling reaction is realized.
When the mixed solution of the rear-end ammonium bicarbonate reacts with sulfuric acid, the reaction temperature is 20+/-2 ℃. So that the requirements of ammonium sulfate generation and CO 2 release can be met, and the membrane stripping efficiency requirement can be met.
In one embodiment, the exhaust gas parameters of a power plant are monitored, and the exhaust gas parameters comprise 12.7% CO 2、N2 +Ar, 66.7% H 2 O, 18.1% O 2, 2.5% O 2 23.1.1 ppm and NOX27.8ppm, and the temperature is 85 ℃.
N 2 and Ar are indissolvable in water, the solubility of nitrogen in water is 17.28X10-6 (w) and the solubility of oxygen in water is 39.45X 10-6 (w) at 25 ℃, the nitrogen oxides and the sulfur dioxide are acidic oxides in the tail gas recovery process after the bubbling reaction, and trace ammonium salts exist in the mixed solution after the alkaline ammonia water reaction.
The scheme also provides a carbon dioxide capturing system which is taken as the equipment foundation of the carbon dioxide capturing method, and comprises a bubbling reactor 1, an alkaline ammonia water solution storage tank 2, an ammonia bicarbonate mixed solution storage tank 3, an ammonium bicarbonate reaction cabin 4, a sulfuric acid storage tank 5, a carbon dioxide collecting and storing cabin 6, a membrane stripping system 7, an ammonium sulfate mixed solution storage tank 8 and a bipolar membrane electrodialysis system 9 as shown in fig. 2.
Specifically, the alkaline ammonia solution storage tank is connected with the feed of the bubbling reactor, the bubbling reactor is connected with the feed of the alkaline ammonia solution storage tank, the alkaline ammonia solution storage tank is connected with the feed of the ammonia bicarbonate mixed solution storage tank, the sulfuric acid storage tank is connected with the feed of the ammonium bicarbonate reaction cabin, the membrane stripping system and the ammonium bicarbonate reaction cabin are respectively connected with the carbon dioxide collecting and storing cabin, the liquid outlet end of the membrane stripping system is connected with the ammonium sulfate mixed solution storage tank, the ammonium sulfate mixed solution storage tank is connected with the bipolar membrane electrodialysis system, and the bipolar membrane electrodialysis system is respectively connected with the bubbling reactor and the sulfuric acid storage tank.
Thus meeting the reaction and operation requirements of each step of the carbon dioxide capturing method.
In one embodiment, a preheating recovery system 10 is provided between the bubble reactor and the alkaline aqueous ammonia solution storage tank to meet the preheating recovery requirements.
In one embodiment, a PH detection sensor and an ammonia concentration measuring device are arranged in the bubbling reactor. The monitoring and blending requirements in the reaction process and the circulation process are met.
In one embodiment, the ammonium bicarbonate reaction cabin is provided with a temperature control device, so that the temperature control and monitoring requirements are met.
Through the description, the carbon dioxide capturing method and the carbon dioxide capturing system for the tail gas containing carbon dioxide can meet the requirement of efficient recovery of carbon dioxide, realize efficient circulation of sulfuric acid and ammonia water, reduce the recovery cost of carbon dioxide and maintain stable and efficient operation of recovery operation. The front-end bubbling reaction and the back-end sulfuric acid participating reaction are combined, so that the recovery rate of carbon dioxide is improved, and the method has higher economic value. The system has the advantages of utilizing waste heat, effectively reducing the reaction energy consumption of the system, and being particularly suitable for recovering the tail gas discharged by a power plant.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus/apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus/apparatus.
Thus far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent modifications and substitutions for related technical features may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and substitutions will fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The carbon dioxide capturing method for the tail gas containing carbon dioxide emission is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, carrying out bubbling reaction on the discharged tail gas and an alkaline ammonia water solution to obtain an ammonia bicarbonate mixed solution;
s2, leading out ammonium bicarbonate mixed solution, and reacting with sulfuric acid to generate carbon dioxide and reaction mixed solution;
S3, carrying out membrane be temporarily released from one's regular work on the reaction mixed solution to trap the mixed solution of carbon dioxide and ammonium sulfate, and collecting and storing carbon dioxide through vacuumizing or gas purging;
s4, performing bipolar membrane electrodialysis on the ammonium sulfate mixed solution to convert the ammonium sulfate mixed solution into sulfuric acid and ammonia water, enabling the ammonia water to enter a step S1 for cyclic reaction, and enabling the sulfuric acid to enter a step S2 for cyclic reaction.
2. The carbon dioxide capturing method of carbon dioxide-containing exhaust gas according to claim 1, wherein:
In the step S1, the ammonium bicarbonate mixed solution is conducted and stored, and waste heat recovery and heat preservation are conducted by utilizing waste heat of exhaust gas and waste heat of bubbling reaction.
3. The carbon dioxide capturing method of carbon dioxide-containing exhaust gas according to claim 2, wherein:
the temperature of the waste heat recovery and heat preservation is at least 45 ℃.
4. The carbon dioxide capturing method of carbon dioxide-containing exhaust gas according to claim 1, wherein:
in the step S1, the tail gas is recovered after the bubbling reaction.
5. The carbon dioxide capturing method of carbon dioxide-containing exhaust gas according to claim 1, wherein:
In the step S2, the reaction temperature of the ammonium bicarbonate mixed solution and sulfuric acid is 20+/-2 ℃.
6. A carbon dioxide capturing system based on the carbon dioxide capturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that:
Comprises a bubbling reactor, an alkaline ammonia water solution storage tank, an ammonia bicarbonate mixed solution storage tank, an ammonium bicarbonate reaction cabin, a sulfuric acid storage tank, a carbon dioxide collecting and storing cabin, a membrane stripping system, an ammonium sulfate mixed solution storage tank and a bipolar membrane electrodialysis system,
The device comprises a bubbling reactor, an alkaline ammonia solution storage tank, an ammonia bicarbonate reaction cabin, a membrane stripping system, an ammonium bicarbonate reaction cabin, a carbon dioxide collecting and storing cabin, a liquid outlet end of the membrane stripping system, an ammonium sulfate mixed solution storage tank, a bipolar membrane electrodialysis system and a bipolar membrane electrodialysis system, wherein the bubbling reactor is connected with the ammonia bicarbonate mixed solution storage tank, the alkaline ammonia solution storage tank is connected with the bubbling reactor, the alkaline ammonia solution storage tank is connected with the alkaline ammonia solution storage tank, the alkaline ammonia solution storage tank is connected with the ammonia bicarbonate mixed solution storage tank, the sulfuric acid storage tank is connected with the ammonium bicarbonate reaction cabin, the membrane stripping system is connected with the carbon dioxide collecting and storing cabin respectively, and the liquid outlet end of the membrane stripping system is connected with the ammonium sulfate mixed solution storage tank, the ammonium sulfate mixed solution storage tank is connected with the bipolar membrane electrodialysis system is connected with the bubbling reactor and the sulfuric acid storage tank respectively.
7. The carbon dioxide capture system of claim 6, wherein:
a preheating recovery system is arranged between the bubbling reactor and the alkaline ammonia water solution storage tank.
8. The carbon dioxide capture system of claim 6, wherein:
the bubbling reactor is internally provided with a PH detection sensor and an ammonia concentration measuring device.
9. The carbon dioxide capture system of claim 6, wherein: the ammonium bicarbonate reaction cabin is provided with a temperature control device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211263940.0A CN115475502B (en) | 2022-10-14 | 2022-10-14 | Carbon dioxide capturing method and system for tail gas containing carbon dioxide emission |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211263940.0A CN115475502B (en) | 2022-10-14 | 2022-10-14 | Carbon dioxide capturing method and system for tail gas containing carbon dioxide emission |
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| JPH07101703A (en) * | 1993-10-01 | 1995-04-18 | Tokuyama Corp | Sulfurous acid gas recovery method |
| CN101992015A (en) * | 2009-08-14 | 2011-03-30 | 钟少军 | Method for sequestering carbon dioxide |
| CN102612401A (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2012-07-25 | 韩国能量技术研究院 | Apparatus for removing trace amounts of ammonia from the gas discharged during a carbon-dioxide-collecting process using aqueous ammonia |
| CN111924807A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-11-13 | 萍乡市华星环保工程技术有限公司 | Method and device for trapping carbon dioxide and simultaneously producing sulfuric acid by sodium bisulfate |
| CN114788997A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-07-26 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Flue gas CO by chemical absorption method 2 Trapping system |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07101703A (en) * | 1993-10-01 | 1995-04-18 | Tokuyama Corp | Sulfurous acid gas recovery method |
| CN101992015A (en) * | 2009-08-14 | 2011-03-30 | 钟少军 | Method for sequestering carbon dioxide |
| CN102612401A (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2012-07-25 | 韩国能量技术研究院 | Apparatus for removing trace amounts of ammonia from the gas discharged during a carbon-dioxide-collecting process using aqueous ammonia |
| CN111924807A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-11-13 | 萍乡市华星环保工程技术有限公司 | Method and device for trapping carbon dioxide and simultaneously producing sulfuric acid by sodium bisulfate |
| CN114788997A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-07-26 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Flue gas CO by chemical absorption method 2 Trapping system |
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