CN115472319B - Auxiliary speed measuring device for reactor flow field visual test and test model - Google Patents

Auxiliary speed measuring device for reactor flow field visual test and test model Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115472319B
CN115472319B CN202211157222.5A CN202211157222A CN115472319B CN 115472319 B CN115472319 B CN 115472319B CN 202211157222 A CN202211157222 A CN 202211157222A CN 115472319 B CN115472319 B CN 115472319B
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flow field
slip ring
test
reactor flow
auxiliary speed
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CN115472319A (en
Inventor
赵玲
李华奇
张嘉琪
王盛
幸奠川
杨祖毛
胡俊
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Nuclear Power Institute of China
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Nuclear Power Institute of China
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21CNUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C17/00Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
    • G21C17/06Devices or arrangements for monitoring or testing fuel or fuel elements outside the reactor core, e.g. for burn-up, for contamination
    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21CNUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C17/00Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
    • G21C17/08Structural combination of reactor core or moderator structure with viewing means, e.g. with television camera, periscope, window
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30Nuclear fission reactors

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of flow field visual test measurement, in particular to an auxiliary speed measuring device for a reactor flow field visual test. Auxiliary speed measuring device is used in visual test includes: the annular sliding rails can be arranged at equal intervals on the radial periphery of the cylindrical tested model; the slip ring is coaxially arranged on the annular sliding rail and can rotate around the axis of the test model; the mounting seat is arranged on the slip ring and used for mounting the CCD camera; the driving assembly is in transmission connection with the slip ring and is used for controlling the slip ring to rotate or lock around the axis of the test model so as to accurately position and quantitatively move the CCD camera through the annular sliding rail driving assembly, the CCD camera shoots a speed field of an area illuminated by the sheet light source inside the flow field, and flow field characteristics such as speed distribution, streamline, vortex distribution and the like of the corresponding area can be obtained. And the auxiliary speed measuring device for the reactor flow field visual test is arranged on the side wall of the transparent container.

Description

Auxiliary speed measuring device for reactor flow field visual test and test model
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flow field visual test measurement, in particular to an auxiliary speed measuring device for a reactor flow field visual test and a test model.
Background
When the pressurized water reactor works, after the coolant enters the reactor from the inlet of the reactor pressure vessel, the movement path of the main flow is generally an annular descending cavity, a lower cavity, a reactor core area and an upper cavity, and finally flows out from the outlet of the vessel. The outer boundary of the flow field of the upper cavity is a cylindrical surface, the internal components are complex, and the vertical flow is changed into the transverse flow after the coolant enters the upper cavity. In order to study the flow characteristics of the coolant and obtain flow field speed distribution information on a part of the cross section, a particle image velocimetry system is required to measure the flow velocity in the test model.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an auxiliary speed measuring device for a reactor flow field visual test and a test model, wherein a CCD (charge coupled device) camera of a particle image speed measuring system is accurately positioned and quantitatively moved through an annular sliding rail type driving assembly, and a CCD camera shoots a speed field of an area illuminated by a sheet light source in the flow field, so that flow field characteristics such as speed distribution, streamline, vortex distribution and the like of a corresponding area are obtained.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
In a first aspect, the present invention provides an auxiliary speed measurement device for a reactor flow field visualization test, including: the annular sliding rails can be arranged at equal intervals on the radial periphery of the cylindrical tested model; the slip ring is coaxially arranged on the annular sliding rail and can rotate around the axis of the test model; the mounting seat is arranged on the slip ring and used for mounting the CCD camera; and the driving assembly is in transmission connection with the slip ring and is used for controlling the slip ring to rotate or lock around the axis of the test model.
When the auxiliary speed measuring device for the reactor flow field visual test is used, the annular sliding rail is coaxially arranged on the radial periphery of the cylindrical tested model, so that the distance between the annular sliding rail and the periphery of the cylindrical tested model is equal, the CCD camera is arranged on the mounting seat, then the CCD camera is moved to an area needing to be photographed through the driving assembly, and the CCD camera is driven or locked by the driving assembly, so that the CCD camera is stopped at the corresponding position on the annular sliding rail.
Because the mount pad is installed on the sliding ring, and the sliding ring is installed on annular slide rail, and the sliding ring can rotate around test model axial, can provide reliable support for the CCD camera, ensure the stability and the accuracy of location that its moved to make the CCD camera can freely remove and accurate location in the test container outside, and then eliminate and offer the visual window on the large-scale curved surface model and reflect incomplete limitation to the inside flow field, enlarge measurable quantity scope.
In summary, the CCD camera is precisely positioned and quantitatively moved through the driving assembly, and the CCD camera shoots the speed field of the area illuminated by the sheet light source in the flow field, so that the flow field characteristics such as speed distribution, streamline, vortex distribution and the like of the corresponding area are obtained.
In an alternative embodiment, the driving assembly comprises a driving mechanism and a locking mechanism, the driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the slip ring, and the locking mechanism is used for locking the slip ring so as to drive the mounting seat to move on the annular sliding rail through the driving mechanism, and lock the mounting seat at a set position through the locking mechanism.
In an alternative embodiment, the slip ring is provided with transmission teeth along the circumferential direction of the slip ring, the driving mechanism comprises a driving rod, and the driving rod is provided with driving teeth meshed with the transmission teeth, so that the synchronism of the driving mechanism for driving the slip ring to move is ensured, the rotation angle of the slip ring is conveniently controlled, and the position of the CCD camera at the periphery of the test model is accurately controlled.
In an alternative embodiment, the drive rod is a worm. Correspondingly, the slip ring is approximately a worm wheel, so that the slip ring is driven by a worm and gear mechanism, a certain deceleration effect can be achieved, and the driving assembly can be protected by utilizing the principle of unidirectional transmission.
In an alternative embodiment, the driving assembly further comprises an indexing mechanism for monitoring the rotation angle of the driving rod so as to obtain the accurate position of the CCD camera on the radial periphery of the tested model, and automatic control is achieved.
In an alternative embodiment, the optical compensation element is used in a matched mode, and the optical compensation element is made of transparent materials; the optical compensation piece length direction's both sides divide to be equipped with arc recess and observation flat board, arc recess is used for laminating the lateral wall of experimental model.
The inventor researches that when a measuring medium passes through three different media, namely air, a transparent model and a coolant, reflection and refraction can occur, so that a measured target is distorted.
When the transparent optical compensator is used, the arc-shaped groove bottom of the optical compensator is attached to the side wall of the test container, so that the plane side of the optical compensator faces to the CCD camera, the CCD camera shoots through the plane side of the optical compensator, light rays can be always ensured to be perpendicular to the outer plane of the compensation block, the problem of shooting image distortion caused by the fact that the side wall of the reactor test model is a curved surface is solved, and the accuracy of measuring the flow field inside the curved surface by the particle image velocimetry system is improved.
In an alternative embodiment, the optical compensator is a hollow cavity part, which is filled with the same coolant as in the test model, to avoid that the optical compensator and the coolant in the test model thus differ in refractive index of the light, and the measurement result is affected.
In an alternative embodiment, both the two end surfaces in the length direction and the two side surfaces in the width direction of the optical compensator are planar, so as to avoid that the light incident from each side of the optical compensator affects the measurement result.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a reactor flow field visual test model, which comprises a cylindrical transparent container, wherein the auxiliary speed measuring device for the reactor flow field visual test is arranged on the side wall of the transparent container, and the annular sliding rail and the transparent container are coaxially arranged.
According to the reactor flow field visual test model provided by the invention, the auxiliary speed measuring device for the reactor flow field visual test is arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical transparent container, so that the CCD camera is accurately positioned and quantitatively moved through the driving assembly, the CCD camera shoots the speed field of the area illuminated by the sheet light source in the flow field, and further, the flow field characteristics such as speed distribution, streamline, vortex distribution and the like of the corresponding area are obtained.
In an alternative embodiment, the annular slide rail is connected to the transparent container by a fixing bracket, so as to fix the auxiliary speed measuring device on the test model.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. According to the auxiliary speed measuring device for the reactor flow field visualization test, the mounting seat is arranged on the slip ring, the slip ring is arranged on the annular sliding rail, the slip ring can axially rotate around the test model, reliable support can be provided for the CCD camera of the particle image speed measuring system, and the moving stability and the positioning accuracy of the CCD camera are ensured, so that the CCD camera can freely move and accurately position on the outer side of the test container, the defect that a visible window formed on a large curved surface model can not fully reflect an internal flow field is overcome, the measurable range is enlarged, and flow field characteristics such as speed distribution, streamline and vortex distribution of a corresponding region are further obtained.
2. The auxiliary speed measuring device for the reactor flow field visual test is provided with the optical compensation piece, can carry out optical compensation on image distortion caused by different refractive indexes of different media passing through a laser path, and improves the accuracy of measuring the flow field in the curved surface container by using laser speed measuring equipment.
3. According to the reactor flow field visual test model provided by the invention, the auxiliary speed measuring device for the reactor flow field visual test is arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical transparent container, so that the CCD camera is accurately positioned and quantitatively moved through the driving assembly, the CCD camera shoots the speed field of the area illuminated by the sheet light source in the flow field, and further, the flow field characteristics such as speed distribution, streamline, vortex distribution and the like of the corresponding area are obtained.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an auxiliary speed measurement test device and a test model for a reactor flow field visualization test in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a front view of an optical compensation element according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the A-A plane structure of FIG. 2.
In the drawings:
10-annular slide rail, 20-mount, 30-drive assembly, 40-optical compensator, 41-arc-shaped groove, 50-transparent container, 60-fixed support.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures. Embodiments of the invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "longitudinal", "lateral", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or those conventionally put in use of the product of the application, or those conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
With reference to fig. 1, this embodiment provides an auxiliary speed measurement device for a reactor flow field visualization test, including: the annular slide rail 10 can be arranged at equal intervals on the radial periphery of the cylindrical tested model; the slip ring is coaxially arranged on the annular sliding rail 10 and can rotate around the axis of the test model; the mounting seat 20 is arranged on the slip ring and is used for mounting the CCD camera; and the driving assembly 30 is in transmission connection with the slip ring and is used for controlling the slip ring to rotate around the axis of the test model or lock.
Specifically, the annular slide rail 10 is a circular arc-shaped rail equidistant from the test model (cylindrical curved surface cylinder) to be tested, and is usually fixed on the test model or the test stand by a fixing bracket 60. The slip ring is nested inside the annular slide rail 10 or sleeved on the annular slide rail 10 and can move along the circumference of the slide rail. A special mounting base 20 is connected to the slip ring for fixing the CCD camera.
For the driving assembly 30, the driving assembly 30 comprises a driving mechanism and a locking mechanism, the driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the slip ring, and the locking mechanism is used for locking the slip ring so as to drive the mounting seat 20 to move on the annular sliding rail 10 through the driving mechanism and lock the mounting seat 20 at a set position through the locking mechanism, so that the movement of the mounting seat in the test process is prevented. The locking mechanism can be an air pressure clamping jaw, an electric push rod and the like, and only needs to enable the slip ring and the annular sliding rail 10 to be relatively fixed.
The sliding ring is provided with transmission teeth along the circumferential direction of the sliding ring, the driving mechanism comprises a driving rod, the driving rod is provided with driving teeth (one of straight teeth, helical teeth, spiral teeth and the like) meshed with the transmission teeth, so that the synchronism of the driving mechanism in driving the sliding ring to move is ensured, the rotation angle of the sliding ring is convenient to control, and the position of the CCD camera on the periphery of the test model is accurately controlled.
In this embodiment, the driving rod is a worm (the driving teeth are helical teeth). Correspondingly, the slip ring is similar to a worm wheel, so that the slip ring is driven by a worm and gear mechanism, not only can play a certain role in decelerating, but also can protect the driving assembly 30 by utilizing the principle of unidirectional transmission.
On this basis, the driving assembly 30 further comprises an indexing mechanism, wherein the indexing mechanism is used for monitoring the rotation angle of the driving rod so as to obtain the accurate position of the CCD camera on the radial periphery of the tested model and realize automatic control.
It can be understood that fixing the CCD camera on the slip ring can provide positioning and supporting for the CCD camera, and meanwhile, because the annular sliding rail 10 and the slip ring are concentric with the test model, the CCD camera can be always positioned in the normal direction of the side wall of the test model, and the influence of the curved surface condition on shooting is reduced.
The driving rod is matched with a gear on the slip ring, and when the driving rod is rotated, the CCD camera can be driven to move along the circumference of the sliding rail; the indexing mechanism and the locking mechanism can display and control the rotation angle of the driving rod, and the rotating driving rod and the sliding ring are fixed through the locking mechanism, so that the accurate positioning of the position of the CCD camera is realized. For example, the driving rod rotates 360 degrees to enable the sliding ring to move a plurality of teeth, namely the arc length and the circumference angle of the sliding ring movement and the position of the CCD camera can be calculated according to the design value of the teeth on the sliding ring.
With reference to fig. 2, the optical compensation element 40 is also included, and the optical compensation element 40 is made of transparent material; the two sides of the optical compensation piece 40 in the length direction are respectively provided with an arc-shaped groove 41 and an observation flat plate, and the arc-shaped groove 41 is used for being attached to the side wall of the test model.
When the device is used, the bottom of the arc-shaped groove 41 of the optical compensation piece 40 is attached to the side wall of the test container, so that the plane side of the optical compensation piece 40 is opposite to the CCD camera, the CCD camera shoots through the plane side of the optical compensation piece 40, the light can be always vertical to the outer plane of the compensation block, the problem that the shooting image is distorted due to the fact that the side wall of the reactor test model is a curved surface is solved, and the accuracy of measuring the flow field inside the curved surface by the particle image velocimetry system is improved.
Preferably, the optical compensator 40 is a hollow cavity part, and the optical compensator 40 is filled with the same coolant as in the test model, so as to avoid that the coolant in the optical compensator 40 and the test model has different refractive indexes to light, and the measurement result is influenced.
Optionally, both end surfaces in the length direction and both side surfaces in the width direction of the optical compensator 40 (generally, hexahedral structure) are planar, so as to avoid light incident from each side of the optical compensator 40 from affecting the measurement result.
Before the visual test is performed, a laser device is connected, a CCD camera is fixed to the mount 20, and an optical compensator 40 is fixed to a set position of the test model. And then the driving rod is controlled to rotate, and the teeth on the driving rod drive the teeth on the sliding ring to rotate, so that the sliding ring is driven to move. According to the rotation angle of the driving rod, the arc length of the sliding ring is converted, and then the moving distance of the CCD camera is obtained. Then the locking mechanism is opened, the fixed slip ring does not move any more, and test measurement is started. After the measurement of one position is completed, the driving rod can be rotated again to move the CCD camera to a new position, and the position of the optical compensation member 40 is adjusted at the same time, so that the next round of measurement is performed.
Because mount pad 20 installs on the sliding ring, and the sliding ring is installed on annular slide rail 10, and the sliding ring can be around experimental model axial rotation, can provide reliable support for the CCD camera of particle image velocimetry system, ensure the stability and the accuracy of location that its moved to make the CCD camera can freely remove and accurately fix a position in experimental container outside, and then eliminate and offer the visual window on the large-scale curved surface model and reflect incomplete limitation to the inside flow field, enlarge measurable quantity. The optical compensation element 40 is attached to the side wall of the test model, so that the CCD camera shoots the flow field in the container through the plane side, and optical distortion is eliminated.
In summary, the present embodiment performs accurate positioning and quantitative movement on the CCD camera through the driving component 30, and the CCD camera photographs the velocity field of the area illuminated by the sheet light source inside the flow field, so as to obtain the flow field characteristics of velocity distribution, streamline, vortex distribution and the like of the corresponding area.
In addition, it should be noted that the embodiment is not only suitable for measuring the flow field in the upper chamber of the reactor, but also can be used for measuring the flow field in other cylindrical curved containers.
In connection with the present embodiment, the mentioned drive mechanism, slip ring and locking mechanism are all conventional components, which are illustrated by means of blocks in the figures.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1, this embodiment provides a reactor flow field visualization test model, which includes a cylindrical transparent container 50, the auxiliary speed measuring device for the reactor flow field visualization test described in embodiment 1 is installed on the sidewall of the transparent container 50, and the annular slide rail 10 and the transparent container 50 are coaxially disposed.
In the reactor flow field visual test model provided in this embodiment, the auxiliary speed measuring device for the reactor flow field visual test is installed on the side wall of the cylindrical transparent container 50, so that the CCD camera is precisely positioned and quantitatively moved by the driving component 30, and the speed field of the area illuminated by the sheet light source inside the flow field is shot by the CCD camera, so as to obtain the flow field characteristics of the corresponding area, such as speed distribution, streamline, vortex distribution, and the like.
Optionally, the annular slide rail 10 is connected to the transparent container 50 by a fixing bracket 60, so as to fix the auxiliary speed measuring device on the test model.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a reactor flow field visual test is with supplementary speed sensor which characterized in that includes:
the annular sliding rails (10) can be arranged on the radial periphery of the cylindrical tested model at equal intervals;
The slip ring is coaxially arranged on the annular sliding rail (10) and can rotate around the axis of the test model;
The mounting seat (20) is arranged on the slip ring and is used for mounting a CCD camera of the particle image velocimetry system;
The driving assembly (30) is in transmission connection with the slip ring and is used for controlling the slip ring to rotate around the axis of the test model or to be locked;
The optical compensation device also comprises an optical compensation piece (40) which is matched with the optical compensation piece, wherein the optical compensation piece (40) is made of transparent materials;
the two sides of the optical compensation piece (40) in the length direction are respectively provided with an arc-shaped groove (41) and an observation flat plate, and the arc-shaped grooves (41) are used for being attached to the side wall of the test model;
the optical compensator (40) is a hollow cavity part, and the optical compensator (40) is filled with the same coolant as in the test model.
2. The auxiliary speed measurement device for a reactor flow field visualization test according to claim 1, wherein the driving assembly (30) comprises a driving mechanism and a locking mechanism, the driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the slip ring, and the locking mechanism is used for locking the slip ring.
3. The auxiliary speed measuring device for the reactor flow field visualization test according to claim 2, wherein the slip ring is provided with transmission teeth along the circumferential direction of the slip ring, the driving mechanism comprises a driving rod, and the driving rod is provided with driving teeth meshed with the transmission teeth.
4. The auxiliary speed measurement device for a reactor flow field visualization test of claim 3, wherein the driving rod is a worm.
5. A reactor flow field visualization test auxiliary speed measurement device according to claim 3, wherein the drive assembly (30) further comprises an indexing mechanism for monitoring the angle of rotation of the drive rod.
6. The auxiliary speed measuring device for a reactor flow field visualization test according to claim 1, wherein both end surfaces in the length direction and both side surfaces in the width direction of the optical compensator (40) are planes.
7. A reactor flow field visual test model, comprising a cylindrical transparent container (50), characterized in that the side wall of the transparent container (50) is provided with the auxiliary speed measuring device for the reactor flow field visual test in any one of claims 1-6, and the annular sliding rail (10) and the transparent container (50) are coaxially arranged.
8. The reactor flow field visualization test model of claim 7, wherein the annular skid (10) is connected to the transparent vessel (50) by a fixed bracket (60).
CN202211157222.5A 2022-09-22 2022-09-22 Auxiliary speed measuring device for reactor flow field visual test and test model Active CN115472319B (en)

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