CN115466872B - Metal-based hollow sphere composite material with high damping performance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Metal-based hollow sphere composite material with high damping performance and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115466872B CN115466872B CN202211073137.0A CN202211073137A CN115466872B CN 115466872 B CN115466872 B CN 115466872B CN 202211073137 A CN202211073137 A CN 202211073137A CN 115466872 B CN115466872 B CN 115466872B
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- hollow sphere
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- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001000 nickel titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000879 optical micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003190 viscoelastic substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- KHYBPSFKEHXSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminotitanium Chemical compound [Ti]=N KHYBPSFKEHXSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a metal-based hollow sphere composite material with high damping performance and a preparation method thereof, wherein the metal-based hollow sphere composite material is firstly subjected to structural design, raw materials are sequentially stacked into a die after being polished with an oxide layer, then are subjected to heat preservation in a high-temperature vacuum furnace for 5-30 min at a temperature which is 0.9-1.1 times that of the melting point of a matrix and is lower than that of the hollow sphere and a plate, and meanwhile, a force of 1500 Pa-0.03 MPa is applied along the stacking direction, and the material is cooled along with the furnace after heat preservation is finished, so that a sample is taken out. The invention has simple and convenient process, can shorten the production period, and the obtained composite material has a well-combined interface, introduces a layered structure on the basis of a single structure, can realize the improvement of the damping performance of the metal matrix composite material on the basis of ensuring the structural arrangement of the composite material, and has good damping performance due to the layered structure and the uniform pore structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, in particular to a metal-based hollow sphere composite material with high damping performance and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The vibration and noise reduction technology plays an important role in the industrial field and the living field all the time, and is not only embodied in the design of a vibration and noise reduction structure, but also embodied in the research of vibration and noise reduction materials with high damping performance. Damping materials are one of the important directions for improving damping performance of equipment, structures and the like, so development of vibration reduction and noise reduction materials with high damping characteristics is attracting attention. Most of the existing vibration-damping noise-reducing materials are high polymer viscoelastic materials with high damping characteristics, although the damping performance of the materials is superior to that of metal damping materials, the service temperature, the service life and the strength of the metal damping materials are generally higher than those of the viscoelastic materials, so that the development of the novel metal damping materials by utilizing a multi-level composite means of the composite materials is a hot spot of current research based on urgent requirements of the engineering field on novel materials with good comprehensive performances such as high damping, high strength and the like. The improvement of the damping performance of the metal material is mainly started from the two aspects of materials and structures, including the application of high damping alloy and the application of porous structures. However, the pore structure of the traditional porous metal material has the characteristics of uneven distribution, size, shape and the like, so that the performance is uneven and unstable, and the metal-based hollow sphere composite material can realize the controllability of uniform pore distribution, so that the porous material with uniform performance is obtained, and the metal-based hollow sphere composite material can be used as a novel metal damping material and has good development prospect in the field of vibration reduction and noise reduction.
At present, most of metal materials with good damping performance are porous high damping alloy prepared by methods such as a chemical etching method, a template removing method and the like, the preparation process is complex, the structure is mostly single, and the damping performance is improved mainly by virtue of pores, defects and the like. The preparation flow of the metal-based hollow sphere composite material prepared by the casting method is simple, various structures can be compounded, the cost is reduced, the production period is shortened, and the method is suitable for batch production of the composite material.
In recent years, the research on metal-based hollow sphere composite materials is mainly focused on the aspects of preparation and mechanical properties, but the research on damping properties is very little, and especially, the innovation and research on the aspects of material selection and structural innovation are lacking. Therefore, the invention provides the metal-based hollow sphere composite material with high damping performance, a layered structure is introduced on the basis of a single structure, the damping performance of the metal-based composite material can be improved on the basis of regulating and controlling the structure of the composite material, and a technical basis is provided for industrial production and application of the metal-based hollow sphere composite material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a metal-based hollow sphere composite material with high damping performance and a preparation method thereof, and the prepared metal-based composite material has a layered structure and a uniform pore structure, has good damping performance, and has obvious optimization on the damping performance of the metal material.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the metal-based hollow sphere composite material with high damping performance comprises the following steps:
and step one, carrying out structural design on the prepared metal-based hollow sphere composite material to finish the preparation of the material before casting. The raw materials are sequentially stacked into a die after polishing the oxide layer according to the sequence of matrix-plate-hollow sphere-matrix-plate- … …, and the stacked layers are determined according to the structural design.
And step two, a casting method realizes material forming. Heating the mould with the raw materials stacked in a high-temperature vacuum furnace, preserving heat for 5-30 min, and applying a certain force in a direction parallel to the stacking direction of the materials.
And step three, taking out the sample after cooling along with the furnace.
The invention also includes such features:
1. the substrate in the first step mainly comprises aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel alloy and the like;
2. the plate in the first step mainly comprises high damping alloy such as Ni-Ti base, iron base, copper base and the like, and the thickness of the plate is 0.10-0.20 mm;
3. the hollow sphere in the first step mainly comprises various stainless steel, shape memory alloy, titanium alloy and the like, and the outer diameter size of the hollow sphere is 2-3 mm;
4. the number of layers and the structure of the hollow spheres in the first step include, but are not limited to, random arrangement, simple cubic, face centered cubic and other structural arrangements;
5. the atmosphere of the high-temperature vacuum furnace in the second step is inert gas atmosphere or high-vacuum environment during heating;
6. the temperature of the heating in the second step is 0.9 to 1.1 times of the melting point of the matrix material, and the heating temperature is lower than the melting points of the hollow sphere material and the plate;
7. the applied force with a certain magnitude in the second step is 1500 Pa-0.03 MPa;
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the cost is saved, the operation is simple and convenient, and the method can be suitable for mass industrialized production;
2. the prepared sample has good appearance quality, can realize good combination of the interfaces of the plate and the matrix and the interfaces of the hollow sphere and the matrix, and effectively improves the damping performance of the material on the premise of ensuring the comprehensive performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a composite sample prepared in example 1;
FIG. 3 (a) is an optical micrograph of the uniform interface between the hollow sphere and the matrix of example 2;
FIG. 3 (b) is an optical micrograph of the uniform interface between the plate and the substrate of example 2;
FIG. 4 is a comparison of the damping performance of the composite material prepared in example 3 with the damping performance of a metal-based hollow sphere composite material of a matrix, non-composite sheet material prepared under the same process conditions.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail below by examples.
Example 1
Step one, designing a metal-based hollow sphere composite material which is formed by an A356 aluminum alloy-NiTi plate-316L stainless steel hollow sphere-A356 aluminum alloy-NiTi plate-A356 aluminum alloy, sequentially stacking the materials into a die after polishing an oxide layer, and closing the die. Wherein, the outer diameter of the hollow sphere is 3mm, and the thickness of the NiTi plate is 0.12mm.
And step two, placing the die into a high-temperature vacuum furnace, vacuumizing, heating to 640 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 15min, wherein 1500Pa of force is applied in the direction parallel to the stacking direction of materials in the sintering process.
And step three, taking out the sample after cooling along with the furnace. Through testing, the damping factor reaches 0.023 at room temperature.
Example 2
Step one, designing a metal-based hollow sphere composite material which is formed by an A356 aluminum alloy-NiTi plate-316L stainless steel hollow sphere-A356 aluminum alloy-NiTi plate-A356 aluminum alloy, sequentially stacking the materials into a die after polishing an oxide layer, and closing the die. Wherein, the external diameter of the hollow sphere is 2mm, and the thickness of the NiTi plate is 0.12mm.
And step two, placing the die into a high-temperature vacuum furnace, vacuumizing, heating to 620 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 5min, wherein 2000Pa of force is applied in the direction parallel to the stacking direction of materials in the sintering process.
And step three, taking out the sample after cooling along with the furnace. Through testing, the damping factor reaches 0.011 at room temperature.
Example 3
Step one, designing a metal-based hollow sphere composite material which is formed by an A356 aluminum alloy-NiTi plate-316L stainless steel hollow sphere-A356 aluminum alloy-NiTi plate-A356 aluminum alloy, sequentially stacking the materials into a die after polishing an oxide layer, and closing the die. Wherein, the outer diameter of the hollow sphere is 3mm, and the thickness of the NiTi plate is 0.12mm.
And step two, placing the die into a high-temperature vacuum furnace, vacuumizing, heating to 640 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 6min, wherein 2000Pa of force is applied in the direction parallel to the stacking direction of materials in the sintering process.
And step three, taking out the sample after cooling along with the furnace. Through testing, the damping factor reaches 0.032 at room temperature.
The invention provides a metal-based hollow sphere composite material with high damping performance and a metal-based composite material prepared by the metal-based hollow sphere composite material, which have a layered structure and a uniform pore structure, have good damping performance, and obviously optimize the damping performance of the metal material. Firstly, carrying out structural design on the prepared metal-based hollow sphere composite material, polishing oxide layers of raw materials according to the sequence of matrix-plate-hollow sphere-matrix-plate- … …, sequentially stacking the polished oxide layers into a die, then carrying out heat preservation in a high-temperature vacuum furnace for 5-30 min at a temperature which is 0.9-1.1 times of the melting point of the matrix and lower than the melting point of the hollow sphere and the plate, simultaneously applying a force of 1500 Pa-0.03 MPa along the stacking direction, cooling along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished, and taking out a sample. The technical method provided by the invention has the advantages that the process is simple and convenient, the production period can be shortened, the obtained composite material is internally provided with a well-combined interface, a layered structure is introduced on the basis of a single structure, the improvement of the damping performance of the metal matrix composite material can be realized on the basis of ensuring the structural arrangement of the composite material, and the technical foundation is provided for the industrial production and application of the metal matrix composite material.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of a metal-based hollow sphere composite material with high damping performance comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, carrying out structural design on the prepared metal-based hollow sphere composite material, sequentially stacking raw materials into a die after polishing an oxide layer according to the sequence of 'A356 aluminum alloy-NiTi plate-316L stainless steel hollow sphere-A356 aluminum alloy-NiTi plate-A356 aluminum alloy', and completing preparation of the material; the thickness of the NiTi plate is 0.10-0.20 mm; the outer diameter of the hollow sphere is 2-3 mm, the A356 aluminum alloy is used as a matrix, and the NiTi plate is a plate;
heating the mould with the stacked raw materials in a high-temperature vacuum furnace, preserving heat for 5-30 min, and applying 1500-0.03 MPa force in a direction parallel to the stacking direction of the materials in the sintering process; the heating temperature in the high-temperature vacuum furnace is 0.9-1.1 times of the melting point of the matrix material, and is lower than the melting points of the hollow sphere material and the plate;
and step three, taking out the sample after cooling along with the furnace.
2. The method for preparing a metal-based hollow sphere composite material with high damping performance according to claim 1, wherein the structure of the stack of hollow spheres comprises random arrangement, simple cubic and face-centered cubic structure arrangement.
3. The method for preparing a metal-based hollow sphere composite material with high damping performance according to claim 1, wherein the high temperature vacuum furnace in the second step is heated in an inert gas atmosphere or a high vacuum atmosphere.
4. A metal-based hollow sphere composite material with high damping performance, which is characterized by being prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-3, and the prepared metal-based hollow sphere composite material has a layered structure and a uniform pore structure.
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| CN202211073137.0A CN115466872B (en) | 2022-09-02 | 2022-09-02 | Metal-based hollow sphere composite material with high damping performance and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202211073137.0A CN115466872B (en) | 2022-09-02 | 2022-09-02 | Metal-based hollow sphere composite material with high damping performance and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115466872B true CN115466872B (en) | 2024-03-26 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006024610A1 (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2007-11-29 | BLUM, Jürgen | Ballistic two-dimensional electron-defect electron-energy system, has transformer comprising secondary coil with two-dimensional secondary coil sections that are connected with high voltage for activating two-dimensional electron condition |
| CN111283170A (en) * | 2020-03-28 | 2020-06-16 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Preparation method of metal hollow sphere composite material with grid reinforcing structure |
| CN111516314A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-11 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | ABA type sandwich composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113560543A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-10-29 | 东北大学 | Preparation method of aluminum-based composite porous material with gradient structure and controllable deformation |
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2022
- 2022-09-02 CN CN202211073137.0A patent/CN115466872B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006024610A1 (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2007-11-29 | BLUM, Jürgen | Ballistic two-dimensional electron-defect electron-energy system, has transformer comprising secondary coil with two-dimensional secondary coil sections that are connected with high voltage for activating two-dimensional electron condition |
| CN111283170A (en) * | 2020-03-28 | 2020-06-16 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Preparation method of metal hollow sphere composite material with grid reinforcing structure |
| CN111516314A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-11 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | ABA type sandwich composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113560543A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-10-29 | 东北大学 | Preparation method of aluminum-based composite porous material with gradient structure and controllable deformation |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 陈牧川.316L不锈钢空心球/铝基复合材料及其阻尼性能的研究.《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技I辑》.2022,(第第03期期),第B020-346页. * |
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