CN115466040A - Bottle body treatment process for improving strength of low borosilicate glass tube-made injection bottle - Google Patents

Bottle body treatment process for improving strength of low borosilicate glass tube-made injection bottle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN115466040A
CN115466040A CN202211300291.7A CN202211300291A CN115466040A CN 115466040 A CN115466040 A CN 115466040A CN 202211300291 A CN202211300291 A CN 202211300291A CN 115466040 A CN115466040 A CN 115466040A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
borosilicate glass
low borosilicate
injection bottle
glass tube
bottle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202211300291.7A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
周建栋
周军
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nantong Xinde Pharmaceutical Packaging Material Co ltd
Original Assignee
Nantong Xinde Pharmaceutical Packaging Material Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nantong Xinde Pharmaceutical Packaging Material Co ltd filed Critical Nantong Xinde Pharmaceutical Packaging Material Co ltd
Priority to CN202211300291.7A priority Critical patent/CN115466040A/en
Publication of CN115466040A publication Critical patent/CN115466040A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03BMANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B19/00Other methods of shaping glass
    • C03B19/02Other methods of shaping glass by casting molten glass, e.g. injection moulding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B9/00Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor
    • B24B9/02Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground
    • B24B9/06Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain
    • B24B9/08Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain of glass
    • B24B9/12Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain of glass of hollow glassware, e.g. drinking glasses, preserve jars, television picture tube viewing panels
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03BMANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B25/00Annealing glass products
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C15/00Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by etching
    • C03C15/02Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by etching for making a smooth surface

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a bottle body treatment process for improving the strength of an injection bottle made of low borosilicate glass, which comprises the steps of raw material proportioning, preparation, annealing, grinding, polishing and storage. The invention carries on the mechanical grinding treatment to the glass surface by the abrasive material and the grinding disk for the annealed low borosilicate glass tube injection bottle, the microcosmic protruding part of the surface of the low borosilicate glass tube injection bottle is ground off, the corrosion of hydrofluoric acid and sulfuric acid is used to polish the surface of the low borosilicate glass tube injection bottle, the hydrofluoric acid destroys the silica structure of the surface layer of the low borosilicate glass tube injection bottle, the surface layer of the low borosilicate glass tube injection bottle is peeled off to obtain a new smooth surface; thereby make the body hardness of the low borosilicate glass control injection bottle of manufacturing higher, reduce the damage that leads to low borosilicate glass control injection bottle, increase the use convenience of low borosilicate glass control injection bottle.

Description

Bottle body treatment process for improving strength of low borosilicate glass tube-made injection bottle
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of low borosilicate glass tube injection bottles, in particular to a bottle body treatment process for improving the strength of a low borosilicate glass tube injection bottle.
Background
Low-alkali borosilicate glass refers to glass containing SiO2, B2O3 and R2O, contains R2O low, and glass containing SiO2 is high, and the linear expansion coefficient is little, and the chromatic dispersion is little, and chemical stability is good, and thermal stability is high, and electrical insulation is good, and low borosilicate glass control injection bottle is the low borosilicate glass control injection bottle that is applicable to splendid attire aseptic powder for injection.
In the prior art, the potential safety hazard that body hardness is lower exists in the low borosilicate glass control injection bottle that the preparation flow of low borosilicate glass control injection bottle that makes through commonly used for low borosilicate glass control injection bottle causes the damage easily when using, reduces the availability factor of low borosilicate glass control injection bottle, consequently needs a bottle processing technology who improves low borosilicate glass control injection bottle intensity.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a bottle body processing technique for improving the strength of an injection bottle made of low borosilicate glass, so as to solve the above problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a bottle body processing technology for improving the strength of a low borosilicate glass tube-made injection bottle, which comprises the following steps:
step one, raw material proportioning: the prepared low borosilicate raw materials are put into a crushing device for full crushing, then the crushed raw materials are put into a mixing device for full mixing, the fully mixed low borosilicate raw materials are added into a high-temperature crucible for heating to be completely melted and preserving heat, and uniform bubble-free glass melt liquid is obtained;
step two, preparation: pouring the low borosilicate glass melt into a glass tube-made mold, and carrying out shaping and cooling on the glass tube-made mold to normal temperature by blowing air through a fan;
step three, annealing: orderly moving the cooled low borosilicate glass tubular injection bottles to an annealing furnace mesh belt for annealing treatment, and cooling to normal temperature;
step four, grinding: mechanically grinding the surface of the annealed low borosilicate glass tubular injection bottle by using an abrasive and a grinding disc, grinding the microscopic convex part on the surface of the low borosilicate glass tubular injection bottle, and gradually polishing the surface of the low borosilicate glass tubular injection bottle into a smooth surface after repeated for many times;
step five, polishing: polishing the surface of the injection bottle made of the low borosilicate glass tube by using the corrosion action of hydrofluoric acid and sulfuric acid, wherein the hydrofluoric acid destroys a silica structure on the surface layer of the injection bottle made of the low borosilicate glass tube, so that the surface layer of the injection bottle made of the low borosilicate glass tube is peeled off to obtain a new smooth surface;
step six, storing: the low borosilicate glass tube injection vials were collected and stored.
In one example, the abrasive polishing pad is typically made of wool felt, and the most commonly used polishing material is an oxide blanket.
In one example, the grinding mechanism of the glass is to start with grinding, then the fresh surface of the glass is hydrolyzed with water to generate a silica gel film, and the silica gel film is ground again, and after repeated times, the surface of the glass is gradually polished to be smooth.
In one example, the chemical polishing of the glass utilizes a chemical reaction of hydrofluoric acid with the surface of the glass to produce SiF4, naF, KF, caF2, and thus fluorosilicate.
In one example, sulfuric acid is added to the polishing solution to dissolve a portion of the fluorosilicate, prevent the chemical reaction on the glass surface from being impeded, and prevent a portion of the fluorosilicate from being insoluble in water.
In one example, the polishing factors include the chemical composition of the glass, the formulation of the acid solution, the temperature, and the reaction time of the acid solution with the glass.
The bottle body treatment process for improving the strength of the low borosilicate glass tube-made injection bottle provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the bottle body treatment process for improving the strength of the low borosilicate glass tubular injection bottle, low borosilicate glass melt is poured into a glass tubular mold, and the glass tubular mold is shaped and cooled to normal temperature through blowing of a fan; carrying out mechanical grinding treatment on the surface of the annealed low borosilicate glass tubular injection bottle by using an abrasive and a grinding disc, grinding off microscopic bulges on the surface of the low borosilicate glass tubular injection bottle, and gradually polishing the surface of the low borosilicate glass tubular injection bottle into a smooth surface after repeated for many times; polishing the surface of the injection bottle made of the low borosilicate glass tube by using the corrosion action of hydrofluoric acid and sulfuric acid, wherein the hydrofluoric acid destroys a silicon-oxygen structure on the surface layer of the injection bottle made of the low borosilicate glass tube, so that the surface layer of the injection bottle made of the low borosilicate glass tube is peeled off to obtain a new smooth surface; collect low borosilicate glass control injection bottle and store to make the body hardness of the low borosilicate glass control injection bottle of making higher, reduce the damage that leads to low borosilicate glass control injection bottle, increase the use convenience of low borosilicate glass control injection bottle.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description is given by way of example in order to more clearly illustrate the overall concept of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated to facilitate describing the invention and to simplify the description, but are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. In the description of the present specification, reference to the description of "one aspect", "some aspects", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the aspect or example is included in at least one aspect or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same solution or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more aspects or examples.
The embodiment of the invention provides a bottle body processing technology for improving the strength of a low borosilicate glass tube-made injection bottle, which comprises the following steps:
step one, raw material proportioning: the prepared low borosilicate raw materials are put into a crushing device for full crushing, then the crushed raw materials are put into a mixing device for full mixing, the fully mixed low borosilicate raw materials are added into a high-temperature crucible for heating to be completely melted and preserving heat, and uniform bubble-free glass melt liquid is obtained;
step two, preparation: pouring the low borosilicate glass melt into a glass tube-made mold, and carrying out shaping and cooling on the glass tube-made mold to normal temperature by blowing air through a fan;
step three, annealing: orderly moving the cooled low borosilicate glass tubular injection bottles to an annealing furnace mesh belt for annealing treatment, and cooling to normal temperature;
step four, grinding: mechanically grinding the surface of the annealed low borosilicate glass tubular injection bottle by using an abrasive and a grinding disc, grinding the microscopic convex part on the surface of the low borosilicate glass tubular injection bottle, and gradually polishing the surface of the low borosilicate glass tubular injection bottle into a smooth surface after repeated for many times;
step five, polishing: polishing the surface of the injection bottle made of the low borosilicate glass tube by using the corrosion action of hydrofluoric acid and sulfuric acid, wherein the hydrofluoric acid destroys a silicon-oxygen structure on the surface layer of the injection bottle made of the low borosilicate glass tube, so that the surface layer of the injection bottle made of the low borosilicate glass tube is peeled off to obtain a new smooth surface;
step six, storing: the low borosilicate glass tube injection vials were collected and stored.
The abrasive polishing pad is generally made of felt, and the most commonly used polishing material is oxide blanket.
The grinding mechanism of the glass is that grinding action is started, then a fresh surface of the glass is hydrolyzed with water to generate a silica gel film, the silica gel film is ground again, and after repeated for many times, the surface of the glass is gradually polished to be a smooth surface.
The chemical polishing of the glass is to generate SiF4, naF, KF and CaF2 by utilizing the chemical reaction of hydrofluoric acid and the surface of the glass, and further generate fluosilicate.
Sulfuric acid is added into the polishing solution to dissolve part of fluosilicate, so that the chemical reaction on the surface of the glass is prevented from being hindered, and part of fluosilicate is prevented from being insoluble in water.
The polishing factors include the chemical composition of the glass, the proportion of the acid solution, the temperature, the reaction time of the acid solution and the glass, and the like.
The working principle is as follows: the prepared low borosilicate raw materials are put into a crushing device for full crushing, then the crushed raw materials are put into a mixing device for full mixing, the fully mixed low borosilicate raw materials are added into a high-temperature crucible for heating to be completely melted and preserving heat, and uniform bubble-free glass melt liquid is obtained; pouring the low borosilicate glass melt into a glass-made mold, and shaping and cooling the glass-made mold to normal temperature by blowing air through a fan; orderly moving the cooled low borosilicate glass tubular injection bottles to an annealing furnace mesh belt for annealing treatment, and cooling to normal temperature; mechanically grinding the surface of the annealed low borosilicate glass tubular injection bottle by using an abrasive and a grinding disc, grinding the microscopic convex part on the surface of the low borosilicate glass tubular injection bottle, and gradually polishing the surface of the low borosilicate glass tubular injection bottle into a smooth surface after repeated for many times; polishing the surface of the injection bottle made of the low borosilicate glass tube by using the corrosion action of hydrofluoric acid and sulfuric acid, wherein the hydrofluoric acid destroys a silica structure on the surface layer of the injection bottle made of the low borosilicate glass tube, so that the surface layer of the injection bottle made of the low borosilicate glass tube is peeled off to obtain a new smooth surface; collect low borosilicate glass control injection bottle and store to make the body hardness of the low borosilicate glass control injection bottle of making higher, reduce the damage that leads to low borosilicate glass control injection bottle, increase the use convenience of low borosilicate glass control injection bottle.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The above description is only an example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A bottle body processing technology for improving the strength of a low borosilicate glass tube injection bottle is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
step one, raw material proportioning: the prepared low borosilicate raw materials are put into a crushing device for full crushing, then the crushed raw materials are put into a mixing device for full mixing, the fully mixed low borosilicate raw materials are added into a high-temperature crucible for heating to be completely melted and preserving heat, and uniform bubble-free glass melt liquid is obtained;
step two, preparation: pouring the low borosilicate glass melt into a glass tube-made mold, and carrying out shaping and cooling on the glass tube-made mold to normal temperature by blowing air through a fan;
step three, annealing: orderly moving the cooled injection bottles made of the low borosilicate glass tube to an annealing furnace mesh belt for annealing treatment, and cooling to normal temperature;
step four, grinding: mechanically grinding the surface of the annealed low borosilicate glass tubular injection bottle by using an abrasive and a grinding disc, grinding the microscopic convex part on the surface of the low borosilicate glass tubular injection bottle, and gradually polishing the surface of the low borosilicate glass tubular injection bottle into a smooth surface after repeated for many times;
step five, polishing: polishing the surface of the injection bottle made of the low borosilicate glass tube by using the corrosion action of hydrofluoric acid and sulfuric acid, wherein the hydrofluoric acid destroys a silica structure on the surface layer of the injection bottle made of the low borosilicate glass tube, so that the surface layer of the injection bottle made of the low borosilicate glass tube is peeled off to obtain a new smooth surface;
step six, storing: the low borosilicate glass tube injection vials were collected and stored.
2. The bottle body processing technology for improving the strength of the low borosilicate glass tubular injection bottle according to claim 1, wherein the bottle body processing technology comprises the following steps: the polishing factors include the chemical composition of the glass, the proportion of the acid solution, the temperature, the reaction time of the acid solution and the glass, and the like.
3. The bottle body processing technology for improving the strength of the low borosilicate glass tube injection bottle according to claim 1, wherein the bottle body processing technology comprises the following steps: the abrasive polishing pad is generally made of felt, and the most commonly used polishing material is oxide blanket.
4. The bottle body processing technology for improving the strength of the low borosilicate glass tubular injection bottle according to claim 1, wherein the bottle body processing technology comprises the following steps: the grinding mechanism of the glass is that grinding action is started, then the fresh surface of the glass is hydrolyzed with water to generate a silica gel film, the silica gel film is ground, and after repeated times, the surface of the glass is gradually polished to be a smooth surface.
5. The bottle body processing technology for improving the strength of the low borosilicate glass tube injection bottle according to claim 1, wherein the bottle body processing technology comprises the following steps: the chemical polishing of the glass utilizes the chemical reaction of hydrofluoric acid and the surface of the glass to generate SiF4, naF, KF and CaF2, and further generates fluosilicate.
6. The bottle body processing technology for improving the strength of the low borosilicate glass tube injection bottle according to claim 1, wherein the bottle body processing technology comprises the following steps: sulfuric acid is added into the polishing solution to dissolve part of fluosilicate, so that the chemical reaction on the surface of the glass is prevented from being hindered, and part of fluosilicate is prevented from being insoluble in water.
CN202211300291.7A 2022-10-24 2022-10-24 Bottle body treatment process for improving strength of low borosilicate glass tube-made injection bottle Pending CN115466040A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211300291.7A CN115466040A (en) 2022-10-24 2022-10-24 Bottle body treatment process for improving strength of low borosilicate glass tube-made injection bottle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211300291.7A CN115466040A (en) 2022-10-24 2022-10-24 Bottle body treatment process for improving strength of low borosilicate glass tube-made injection bottle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115466040A true CN115466040A (en) 2022-12-13

Family

ID=84336609

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202211300291.7A Pending CN115466040A (en) 2022-10-24 2022-10-24 Bottle body treatment process for improving strength of low borosilicate glass tube-made injection bottle

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115466040A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115806378A (en) * 2022-12-22 2023-03-17 秦皇岛弘华特种玻璃有限公司 Low-expansion color borosilicate glass raw material granulation equipment and method

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104829139A (en) * 2015-04-22 2015-08-12 四川旭虹光电科技有限公司 Polishing solution for improving glass surface strength and polishing method using the same
CN104860518A (en) * 2015-05-08 2015-08-26 肖特新康药品包装有限公司 Borosilicate glass tube made injection bottle strength improvement apparatus and technology thereof
CN109320081A (en) * 2017-08-01 2019-02-12 江苏锡沂高新区科技发展有限公司 A kind of production method of frosting high-boron-silicon glass grinding bowl

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104829139A (en) * 2015-04-22 2015-08-12 四川旭虹光电科技有限公司 Polishing solution for improving glass surface strength and polishing method using the same
CN104860518A (en) * 2015-05-08 2015-08-26 肖特新康药品包装有限公司 Borosilicate glass tube made injection bottle strength improvement apparatus and technology thereof
CN109320081A (en) * 2017-08-01 2019-02-12 江苏锡沂高新区科技发展有限公司 A kind of production method of frosting high-boron-silicon glass grinding bowl

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115806378A (en) * 2022-12-22 2023-03-17 秦皇岛弘华特种玻璃有限公司 Low-expansion color borosilicate glass raw material granulation equipment and method

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA1333524C (en) Method for making glass articles with defect-free surfaces and soluble glasses therefor
JP4127949B2 (en) Optical glass and optical product using the same
JP5085049B2 (en) Glass material for mold press, method for producing glass material, and method for producing glass optical element
US4102664A (en) Method for making glass articles with defect-free surfaces
CN1854100B (en) Optical glass, press-molding preform, process for producing the same, optical element and process for producing the same
US7451620B2 (en) Optical glass and optical product using the same
TWI422550B (en) Phosphate glass, fluorophosphate glass, preform for precision press-molding , optical element and process for the production of thereof
CN1243683C (en) Optical glass, mould pressing preshaping piece and optical components
JP3255390B2 (en) Low melting point optical glass
US4665039A (en) Porous glass, process for its production and glass material used for the production
JP3798268B2 (en) Optical glass and optical product using the same
JP6020455B2 (en) Tempered glass plate
CN115466040A (en) Bottle body treatment process for improving strength of low borosilicate glass tube-made injection bottle
CN1418836A (en) Optics glass, press-die fabricated body and optics assembly
US3253975A (en) Glass body having a semicrystalline surface layer and method of making it
JPWO2009054314A1 (en) Method for producing alkali-free glass
KR20200123158A (en) Glass composition, glass with low inclusion content, manufacturing method thereof, and application thereof
JP2008266122A (en) Method for producing glass, preform for precision press molding formed from the glass and optical device
JP2006256959A (en) Optical glass and optical product using the same
JP4855933B2 (en) GRIN lens manufacturing method and GRIN lens
EP2305612A1 (en) Method of producing grin lens
JP5016826B2 (en) Manufacturing method of glass material for molding, glass material, and manufacturing method of glass optical element
WO2021095544A1 (en) Porous glass member production method
JP2958919B2 (en) Optical lens
CN114853331A (en) Glass micro-tube array with large specific surface area and preparation method and application thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20221213