CN115464689A

CN115464689A - Tool and method of manufacturing a tool

Info

Publication number: CN115464689A
Application number: CN202211193830.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张静; 瞿义生; 张明; 袁华庭
Original assignee: Wuhan Supor Cookware Co Ltd
Current assignee: Wuhan Supor Cookware Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-09-28
Filing date: 2022-09-28
Publication date: 2022-12-13
Also published as: WO2024069383A1

Abstract

The present application provides a cutting tool and a method of manufacturing a cutting tool. The cutting edge of the cutter is provided with a hard layer and a tough layer which are alternately distributed on the surface along the length direction, wherein the hard layer is formed by a metal ceramic composite material, the metal ceramic composite material is composed of titanium carbide, titanium nitride, niobium carbide and metal, the tough layer is a base material for manufacturing the cutter, and the cutting edge of the cutter is provided with a micro-sawtooth structure along the length direction. According to the cutter, the cutter can be sharp for a long time, and is not easy to break or fracture.

Description

Tool and method of manufacturing a tool

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of kitchen cutters, in particular to a cutter and a method for manufacturing the cutter.

Background

Knives play a very important role in everyday kitchen appliances. At present, the kitchen knife is mostly formed by compounding carbon steel, stainless steel and other materials, however, the sharpness of the kitchen knife is deficient, and the sharpness can be increased only by means of thinning the cutting edge, but the service life of the kitchen knife is greatly influenced by the means.

For this reason, ceramic type cutters are gradually emerging on the market. The ceramic cutter is formed by developing precise ceramic under high pressure, and retains the high strength of the original ceramic material, so that the cutter has extremely high sharpness in the use process. However, such a tool is too brittle and has low toughness, and after sharpening, the cutting edge becomes thin and is liable to chipping or breaking. Therefore, the durable sharpness of the existing cutter still cannot meet the use requirements of consumers.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, an object of the present application is to provide a cutting tool and a method for manufacturing the cutting tool, so as to solve the problem of poor lasting sharpness of the cutting tool in the prior art, by forming a hard layer and a tough layer alternately distributed along a length direction at a cutting edge of the cutting tool, the cutting tool is ground along a thickness direction, and under the condition that grinding conditions are consistent, grinding amounts of layers of the cutting edge of the cutting tool in the length direction are different, so that the cutting tool having a micro-sawtooth structure can be formed at the cutting edge, and further, the lasting sharpness can be improved.

According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a cutting tool, the cutting edge portion of the cutting tool having a hard layer and a tough layer alternately distributed along a length direction on a surface thereof, wherein the hard layer is formed of a cermet composite material composed of titanium carbide, titanium nitride, niobium carbide, and a metal, the tough layer is a base material for manufacturing the cutting tool, and the cutting edge portion of the cutting tool has a micro-sawtooth structure along the length direction.

In an embodiment, adjacent hard and tough layers are connected to each other, the alternately arranged hard and tough layers being arranged at equal intervals in the length direction.

In an embodiment, each hard layer has a length of 100 μm to 200 μm; the thickness of each hard layer is 0.1mm-0.15mm.

According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a method of manufacturing a tool, comprising the steps of: providing a cutter base body; forming a hard layer and a tough layer alternately distributed in a longitudinal direction on a surface of a cutting edge portion of the tool base; and polishing the cutting edge part with the hard layer and the toughness layer along the thickness direction to obtain the cutter with the cutting edge part with the micro-sawtooth structure formed by the hard layer and the toughness layer which are alternately distributed in the length direction, wherein the hard layer is formed by a metal ceramic composite material, the metal ceramic composite material is composed of titanium carbide, titanium nitride, niobium carbide and metal, and the toughness layer is a base material for manufacturing a cutter base body.

In some embodiments, the step of forming the lip portion having the surface with the hard layer and the tough layer alternately distributed in the length direction includes: coating a metal ceramic composite material on the surface of the cutting edge part of the cutter base body, so that the cutting edge part of the cutter base body is provided with a continuously distributed hard layer along the length direction, and polishing the continuously distributed hard layer along the width direction of the cutter base body, so that the cutter base body positioned in the cutting edge part is exposed and divides the continuously distributed hard layer into a plurality of parts along the length direction, thereby forming the cutting edge part of which the surface is provided with the hard layer and the toughness layer which are alternately distributed along the length direction, wherein the particle size of the metal ceramic composite material is 100nm-200nm.

In other embodiments, the step of forming the lip portion having the surface with the hard layer and the tough layer alternately distributed in the length direction includes: and covering the cutting edge part of the cutter base body by using a clamp, and coating a metal ceramic composite material on the surface of the cutting edge part which is not covered, so as to form the cutting edge part with hard layers and tough layers alternately distributed in the length direction on the surface.

In an embodiment, the weight of the titanium carbide comprises 7% to 21% of the total weight of the cermet composite, the weight of the titanium nitride comprises 7% to 21% of the total weight of the cermet composite, the weight of the niobium carbide comprises 7% to 21% of the total weight of the cermet composite, and the weight of the metal comprises 40% to 56% of the total weight of the cermet composite, based on the total weight of the cermet composite.

In an embodiment, the metal comprises cobalt and nickel, wherein the weight ratio of cobalt to nickel is (1-2): (2-6).

In an embodiment, the hard layer is formed by plasma spraying the cermet composite material onto a tool base body.

In an embodiment, the hard layer and the tough layer have the same length, and the hard layer has a thickness of 0.1mm to 0.15mm.

In an embodiment, the base material for manufacturing the tool base body is carbon steel or stainless steel.

Drawings

The above and other objects and features of the present application will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cutting tool according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a tool according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at I in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 isbase:Sub>A schematic view ofbase:Sub>A tool according to an embodiment of the present application taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a cutter according to an embodiment of the present application, taken along line B-B in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

As is well known, the harder the material of the cutter, the less likely it is to cause edge curl, but the too hard material causes a problem of chipping or breaking of the cutting edge of the cutter. For the cutter, the combination of high toughness and high hardness can make the durable sharpness of the cutter better. To this end, the present application seeks to provide a method for providing a tool with both high hardness and toughness and a tool with long-lasting sharpness properties obtained thereby.

The inventors have found that, by forming a hard layer and a tough layer alternately distributed in the longitudinal direction on the surface of the cutting edge portion of the tool and polishing the tool in the thickness direction, the polishing amount of each layer on the surface of the cutting edge portion varies under the same polishing conditions, and a tool having a micro-saw-tooth structure on the cutting edge portion can be formed. On the one hand, because the blade portion atress dispersion of little sawtooth structure can avoid the cutter to take place "sword rolling up" phenomenon. On the other hand, when the blade portion of little sawtooth structure strikes on hard material, its atress mode is point atress, compares with the continuous type arc form blade structure that the atress mode is line atress, and under the circumstances of equal atress, the pressure that the point portion of the blade portion of little sawtooth structure was used in on the edible material is bigger for the blade portion cuts into in the edible material more easily, consequently can make the cutter have better sharpness. In addition, the whole strength of the cutting edge part of the cutter with the high-strength hard layer and the high-toughness tough layer which are alternately distributed is moderate, so that the single hard layer is clamped between the two toughness layers, and the hard layer of the cutting edge part is not easy to crack or break in the using process of the cutter. Further, the hard layer has a high hardness, is harder than a metal material conventionally used for a cutting tool, has a higher sharpness after sharpening, and is distributed in combination with the tough layer, so that the improved hard layer is less likely to crack or break due to its own brittleness, and thus can further improve the durable sharpness.

The inventive concept of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments.

According to a first aspect of the present application, a tool is provided. Wherein the surface of the cutting edge part of the tool has a hard layer and a tough layer alternately distributed in the longitudinal direction. The hard layer is made of a metal ceramic composite material, the metal ceramic composite material is composed of titanium carbide, titanium nitride, niobium carbide and metal, the tough layer is a base material for manufacturing the cutter, and the cutting edge portion of the cutter is provided with a micro-sawtooth structure along the length direction.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a cutter according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a cutter according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at I in fig. 2. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cutter 10 includes a blade 11 and a cutting edge portion 12 connected to the blade 11. The cutting edge 12 includes hard layers 121 and tough layers 122 alternately distributed and connected on the surface thereof in the longitudinal direction. The length of each hard layer 121 is the same as or similar to the length of each ductile layer 122. According to the cutter of the present application, the micro-saw tooth structure of the cutting edge portion 12 is minute and visually agrees with that of a general cutter. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, it can be seen after enlargement that the cutter 10 has a micro-saw tooth structure at the position of the cutting edge portion 12 in the length direction.

Fig. 4 and 5 are schematic views ofbase:Sub>A cutter according to an embodiment of the present application, taken along linesbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A and B-B of fig. 1, respectively. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the hard layer 121 is a layer formed on the surface of the cutting edge, and the inner portion of the cutting edge and the tough layer 122 on the surface of the cutting edge are base materials for manufacturing a cutting tool.

In some embodiments, adjacent hard and tough layers are connected to each other, and the hard and tough layers alternately arranged are arranged at equal intervals in the length direction. In an exemplary embodiment, the hard layer has a length L1 and the ductile layer has a length L2. That is, the layers are equally spaced apart along the length of the cutting edge portion. Of course, the present application is not limited to the layer and the malleable layer having to be identical in dimension in the length direction. In other embodiments, the hard layer and the tough layer do not differ in size in the lengthwise direction. In an exemplary embodiment, the hard layer may have a length of 100 μm to 200 μm, and the ductile layer may have a length of 100 μm to 200 μm.

In order to make it easier to form a proper micro-sawtooth structure in the subsequent grinding process of the hard layer and the tough layer, it is necessary to provide a proper hardness difference between the adjacent hard layer and tough layer. In an exemplary embodiment, the difference in hardness of the adjacent hard and tough layers may be in the range of HRA 10-15. In the actual manufacturing process, the base material for manufacturing the cutting tool can be changed and/or the weight ratio of the components in the metal ceramic composite material can be changed so as to enable the adjacent hard layer and the toughness layer to have proper hardness difference.

According to the application, the hard layer on the surface of the lip portion needs to have a suitable thickness for the tool to wear when used for a long period of time. In an exemplary embodiment, the thickness of the hard layer is 0.1mm to 0.15mm.

According to the present application, each serration of the micro-serration structure has a height in the range of 100 μm to 200 μm and a width in the range of 100 μm to 200 μm. According to the present application, the shape of the micro-saw tooth structure may be set according to actual needs, and the present application is not limited to the case where the micro-saw tooth structure is formed in a rack-like structure in the extending direction of the tool edge portion (i.e., the longitudinal direction of the tool). The micro-sawtooth structure according to the present application forms, for example but not limited to, a continuous wave-like structure in the extension direction along the cutting edge of the tool (see fig. 3). According to the little sawtooth structure of this application, in the thickness direction of cutter, the tooth of each little sawtooth structure can be the back taper structure. It should be noted that the tip of the micro-saw tooth structure of the present application can be selected according to actual requirements, for example, but not limited to, according to the application of the cutter and the cutting requirements of the cutter (hardness of the object to be cut, etc.). In the example shown in the drawings of the present application, the extending direction and the longitudinal direction of the cutting edge of the cutter are the same, and the cutting edge of the blade portion is straight. However, the present application is not so limited, for example, and without limitation, the cutting edge of the present application may also be curved.

According to the present application, the ductile layer is the base material for the manufacture of the cutting tool. Stainless steel is relatively readily available and corrosion resistant in the base material from which the tool is made, and is inexpensive, while carbon steel has a high hardness. In an exemplary embodiment, the substrate from which the cutter is made may be a stainless steel material or a carbon steel material. As will be described in detail later.

According to a second aspect of the present application, a method of manufacturing a tool is provided. Wherein the method of manufacturing a cutting tool comprises the steps of:

step S101, providing a cutter base body.

Step S102, forming a hard layer and a tough layer which are alternately distributed along the length direction on the surface of the cutting edge part of the cutter base body, wherein the hard layer is made of a metal ceramic composite material, the metal ceramic composite material is composed of titanium carbide, titanium nitride, niobium carbide and metal, and the tough layer is a base material for manufacturing the cutter base body.

And step S103, polishing the cutting edge part with the hard layer and the toughness layer so as to obtain the cutter with the cutting edge part with the micro-sawtooth structure formed by the hard layer and the toughness layer which are alternately distributed in the length direction.

According to the method of manufacturing a tool of the present application, the tool base body having the cutting edge portions of the hard layer and the tough layer alternately distributed in the longitudinal direction is formed, that is, the cutting edge portion of the tool base body has hardness alternately distributed in the longitudinal direction. The cutting edge part of the cutter base body with the hard layer and the tough layer is polished along the thickness direction of the cutting edge part, and under the condition that the grinding conditions are consistent, the grinding amount of the cutting edge part along the length direction is different, so that the cutter edge part with a micro-sawtooth structure is formed. On one hand, the cutting edge part of the micro-sawtooth structure is subjected to dispersed stress, so that the phenomenon of 'edge rolling' of the cutter can be avoided; on the other hand, when the blade portion of little sawtooth structure strikes on hard material, its atress mode is point atress, compares with the continuous type arc form blade structure that the atress mode is line atress, and under the circumstances of equal atress, the pressure that the point portion of the blade portion of little sawtooth structure was used in on the edible material is bigger for the blade portion cuts into in the edible material more easily, consequently can make the cutter have better sharpness. In addition, the whole strength of the cutting edge part of the cutter with the high-strength hard layer and the high-toughness tough layer which are alternately distributed is moderate, so that the single hard layer is clamped between the two toughness layers, and the hard layer of the cutting edge part is not easy to crack or break in the using process of the cutter. The hard layer has high hardness, is harder than a metal material which is conventionally made into a cutter, has higher sharpness after edging, and is combined with the toughness layer for distribution, so that the improved hard layer is not easy to crack or fracture due to the brittleness of the hard layer, and the lasting sharpness can be further improved.

Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing the cutter according to the present application will be described in detail.

Providing a tool base body

According to the present application, providing a tool body includes preparing a substrate for a tool, which may be in powder or strip form, and forming the substrate into the tool body using procedures conventional in the art. Wherein, the base material for manufacturing the cutter can be carbon steel or stainless steel material. In an exemplary embodiment, the stainless steel material may be a martensitic stainless steel. The martensitic stainless steel may include 3Cr13 stainless steel, 4Cr13 stainless steel, 5Cr15MoV stainless steel, 6Cr13MoV stainless steel, 7Cr17MoV stainless steel and 102Cr17MoV stainless steel. According to the present application, the higher the carbon content of the stainless steel material, the higher the hardness of the tool base body formed therefrom. Taking the above example as an example, the order of the carbon content of the stainless steel material from small to large is as follows: 3Cr13 stainless steel, 4Cr13 stainless steel, 5Cr15MoV stainless steel, 6Cr13MoV stainless steel, 7Cr17MoV stainless steel, 102Cr17MoV stainless steel. In an exemplary embodiment, the carbon steel is an iron-carbon alloy having a carbon content of 0.0218% to 2.11%.

Preparing a cermet composite

The carbon content of the carbide-based cermet material will be depleted and affect the desired properties, and according to the application, the cermet composite material is composed of titanium carbide, titanium nitride, niobium carbide and metal. The metal ceramic composite material used by the cutter can be prepared from the components according to a certain weight ratio, so that the influence caused by carbon content loss can be reduced. In an exemplary embodiment, the weight of titanium carbide is 7% to 21% of the total weight of the cermet composite, the weight of titanium nitride is 7% to 21% of the total weight of the cermet composite, the weight of niobium carbide is 7% to 21% of the total weight of the cermet composite, and the weight of metal is 40% to 56% of the total weight of the cermet composite. The cermet composite material can be formed by mixing the above-mentioned raw materials in terms of weight ratio, and the mixed powder is the cermet composite material of the present application. Titanium carbide has too high hardness, and the resulting cutting tool is easily chipped when it is used alone as a material for forming a hard layer. According to the application, the metal ceramic composite material comprises titanium carbide and titanium nitride, and after plasma spraying, the titanium carbide and the titanium nitride can form a solid solution of the titanium carbonitride, and compared with the titanium carbide alone, the hard layer has better toughness.

According to the application, the metal can be selected from more metals in the metal ceramic composite material, and the metal can act like a bonding agent, so that the metal ceramic composite material and the cutter base body have better bonding force. In view of manufacturing costs and bonding effects, in an exemplary embodiment, the metal is composed of cobalt and nickel in a weight ratio of 1-2. The best binding effect is cobalt, and nickel is the second, but the cobalt reserves are small, and the Ni reserves are abundant, so that the two are used together, and the cost of the binding agent can be reduced under the condition of not influencing the performance.

In the metal ceramic composite material, titanium carbide can improve the hardness of the metal ceramic composite material. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the titanium carbide may be 7-21% by weight, preferably 10-20% by weight, more preferably 12-18% by weight. If the weight percentage of titanium carbide is less than 7%, the hardness of the cermet composite material is too low, and thus the hardness of the hard layer thus produced is also low, so that the sharpness and the durable sharpness of the tool produced are reduced, whereas if the weight percentage of titanium carbide is more than 21%, the hardness of the cermet composite material is too high, and thus the hardness of the hard layer thus produced is also too high, so that the brittleness is increased, and the tool produced is brittle, thereby affecting the use experience and the service life and reducing the durable sharpness.

In the metal ceramic composite material, the titanium nitride can improve the hardness of the metal ceramic composite material and improve the performance of titanium carbide, so that the metal ceramic composite material has higher hardness without increasing brittleness, and the metal ceramic is more wear-resistant. Because the titanium carbide and the titanium nitride have the same lattice structure and belong to a face-centered cubic structure, a mutual soluble solid solution can be formed in the compounding process. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the titanium nitride may be 7-21% by weight, preferably 10-20% by weight, more preferably 12-18% by weight. If the weight percentage of the titanium nitride is lower than 7%, the carbon content in the metal ceramic composite material is too high, and the brittleness is larger, and if the weight percentage of the titanium nitride is higher than 21%, the nitrogen content in the metal ceramic composite material is too high, and the improvement effect on the hardness is limited.

In the metal ceramic composite material, the niobium carbide can refine crystal grains of the metal ceramic composite material, and improve the comprehensive performance of hardness and toughness, so that the strength of the micro-sawtooth structure at the edge part can be improved. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the weight percentage of niobium carbide may be 7% to 21%, preferably 10% to 20%, more preferably 12% to 18%. If the weight percentage of niobium carbide is less than 7%, the grain refinement is insufficient and the overall properties are low, while if the weight percentage of niobium carbide is more than 21%, the decrease in the carbon-nitrogen content of the cermet composite material is affected, and thus the hardness is decreased, affecting the sharpness and the long-lasting sharpness.

In the metal ceramic composite material, metal is used as a binder, so that the toughness of the metal ceramic composite material can be improved. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the weight percentage of the metal may be 40% to 56%, preferably 45% to 55%, more preferably 45% to 50%. If the weight percentage of the metal is less than 40%, the cermet composite material is less ductile and more brittle, thereby causing a reduction in the permanent sharpness of the tool, and if the weight percentage of the metal is more than 56%, the hardness of the cermet composite material is affected, thereby causing a reduction in the permanent sharpness of the tool.

According to the application, the raw materials of the metal ceramic composite material are granular, and the metal ceramic composite material is prepared by adopting a plasma spraying process. In embodiments, the cermet composite may have an average particle size ranging from 100nm to 200nm. If the particle size is too large, the prepared metal ceramic composite material is not uniformly dispersed, so that the brittleness of the metal ceramic composite material is increased; if the particle diameter is too small, the specific surface area of the particles increases, the surface activity increases, and the particles are likely to agglomerate and to be unevenly dispersed. Here, the difference in particle size of the cermet composite material can be made small (uniform), so that a hard layer having a uniform structure can be formed. The particle size of the above-mentioned material may be the maximum length of each material particle, and is not particularly limited to the material having a spherical or spheroidal shape. For example, and without limitation, when a material has an oval shape, the particle size dimension of the material may refer to the length of its major axis.

Forming a tool base body having a cutting edge portion with alternately distributed hard layers and tough layers

According to the application, the hard layer can be made of a cermet composite material on the tool base body by means of a layer formation according to the prior art. In the embodiment, the metal ceramic composite material is made into a hard layer in a cladding mode. Due to the relatively high melting point of the cermet composite material, in an exemplary embodiment, the cermet composite material is applied to the cutting edge portion of the tool base body by means of plasma spraying. In the embodiments, according to the characteristics of the spraying process, the blade base body is not electrified and melted, the base body structure is not changed, and the thermal deformation of the blade part is not caused in the spraying process, so that a hard layer is formed in a plasma spraying manner, the influence on the blade part is small, the performance of the blade part is not influenced, and the subsequent leveling and other treatment processes are not increased. In addition, the plasma spraying has higher spraying efficiency and can reduce the operation time. In an exemplary embodiment, the parameters of plasma spraying are specifically: spraying distance: 60mm-130mm; temperature of the tool base: 100-200 ℃.

According to the application, the thickness of the hard layer is 0.1mm to 0.15mm. If the thickness of spraying is too thick, then influence work efficiency, under the condition that forms continuous stereoplasm layer, increased the degree of difficulty of follow-up processing of polishing. If the thickness of the spray is too thin, it is easily worn out in long-term use, but the function of improving the long-lasting sharpness disappears. The hard layer of the application is formed by cladding for multiple times, and the thickness of each time is 0.01mm-0.03mm.

According to the application, the hard layer is formed by plasma spraying by using the metal ceramic composite material. In order to stabilize the generated plasma arc and be more suitable for the structure with smaller thickness of the cutting edge, the step of plasma spraying can be carried out under the protection of argon.

According to the present application, there are various methods of forming the cutting edge portion having the hard layer and the tough layer alternately distributed in the longitudinal direction. In some embodiments, the step of forming the lip portion having the surface with the hard layer and the tough layer alternately distributed in the length direction includes: coating a metal ceramic composite material on the surface of the cutting edge part of the cutter base body, so that the cutting edge part of the cutter base body is provided with a hard layer which is continuously distributed along the length direction; and grinding the continuously distributed hard layers along the width direction of the cutter base body, so that the cutter base body in the cutting edge part is exposed to divide the continuously distributed hard layers into a plurality of parts along the length direction, and thus the cutting edge part with the hard layers and the toughness layers which are alternately distributed in the length direction on the surface is formed. In other embodiments, the step of forming the lip portion having the surface with the hard layer and the tough layer alternately distributed in the length direction includes: a cutting edge portion of a tool base body is shielded by a jig and a cermet composite material is coated on the surface of the cutting edge portion which is not shielded, thereby forming a cutting edge portion having a surface with hard layers and tough layers alternately distributed in the longitudinal direction. The jig herein enables a plurality of hard layers to be formed after coating, the hard layers being spaced apart in the longitudinal direction, and the tool base with the cutting edge portion exposed, to serve as a ductile layer. It should be noted that the jig has micro-holes on the order of micrometers.

Form a cutter

According to the application, before the step of grinding the tool base body, the manufacturing method of the tool further comprises: and performing roll forging treatment on the cutter base body along the length direction at a preset temperature, so that the hard layer of the cutter base body is tightly combined with the material for manufacturing the cutter base body. In addition, the thickness of the cutter base body can be gradually reduced in the width direction by performing the roll forging process at a preset temperature, and the kitchen cutter structure with uneven thickness can be formed. Wherein the specific parameters of the rolling treatment are that the rolling pressure is 80MPa to 120MPa, and the rolling temperature is 500 ℃ to 700 ℃.

According to the present application, the parameters of the grinder are controlled to be uniform, and the grinder is used to grind in the thickness direction of the cutter, so that the cutting edge of the blade portion has a micro-saw tooth structure in the length direction.

As shown in fig. 3, the cutting edge of the cutting edge portion of the cutter of the present application has a micro-saw tooth structure. Specifically, the tool base body is ground by a grinder in the thickness direction of the tool, and the hard layer and the tough layer having hardness alternately distributed in the longitudinal direction are ground in different amounts during grinding (different hardness results in different grinding amounts) in the case where the running speed of the grinder is uniform. Wherein, the great majority of the hard layer that hardness is relatively great can remain in sword oral area department, and the great majority of the toughness layer that hardness is relatively less can be polished off to make the cutting edge of sword oral area form tiny little sawtooth structure along length direction. Wherein the height of the micro sawtooth structure is 100-200 μm, and the width is 100-200 μm.

In the above, the manufacturing method of the tool and the tool conceived by the present invention are described in detail in connection with the exemplary embodiments. In the following, the advantageous effects of the inventive concept will be described in more detail with reference to specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the inventive concept is not limited to the embodiments.

Example 1

A cutter according to example 1 was prepared by the following method.

And S10, providing the metal ceramic composite material. The metal ceramic composite material consists of 15% of titanium carbide, 15% of niobium carbide and 55% of metal, wherein the metal is powder formed by mixing cobalt and nickel according to the weight ratio of 1.

And step S20, providing the cutter base body with the cutting edge part with the average thickness of 1 mm. Wherein, the cutter base body is made of 4Cr13 stainless steel.

In step S30, a cutting edge portion having a hard layer and a tough layer alternately distributed in the longitudinal direction is manufactured.

Step S31, plasma spraying a metal ceramic composite material on the surface of the cutting edge part of the cutter base body to enable the cutting edge part of the cutter base body to be provided with a hard layer which is continuously distributed along the length direction. Wherein the parameters of plasma spraying are as follows: the spraying distance is 130mm; the temperature of the tool base was 200 ℃.

Step S32, polishing the continuously distributed hard layer in the width direction of the tool base body, so that the substrate in the cutting edge portion is exposed to divide the continuously distributed hard layer into a plurality of hard layers in the length direction, thereby forming the cutting edge portion having the hard layer and the tough layer alternately distributed in the length direction on the surface.

In step S40, the resulting tool base body is heated and then subjected to roll forging in the longitudinal direction, thereby forming a tool base body having a cutting edge portion with an average thickness of 1 mm. Wherein the pressure of the roll forging treatment is 90MPa, and the temperature is 600 ℃.

In step S50, the tool base is ground in the thickness direction by a grinder to form a micro-saw tooth structure at the cutting edge portion, thereby producing the tool of example 1. Wherein, the height of the teeth of the micro-sawtooth structure is 100 μm, and the width is 100 μm.

Example 2

And step S20, providing the cutter base body with the cutting edge part with the average thickness of 1 mm.

In step S30, a cutting edge portion having a hard layer and a tough layer alternately distributed in a longitudinal direction is manufactured.

Specifically, a tool base body having a hard layer and a ductile layer alternately distributed in a longitudinal direction is formed by blocking a cutting edge portion of the tool base body with a jig and plasma-spraying a cermet composite material on a surface of the non-blocked cutting edge portion. Wherein, the parameters of plasma spraying are as follows: the spraying distance is 130mm; the temperature of the tool base was 200 ℃.

And step S40, heating the formed cutter base body, and then performing roll forging treatment along the length direction to form the cutter base body with the average thickness of the cutting edge part of 1 mm. Wherein the pressure of the roll forging treatment is 90MPa, and the temperature is 600 ℃.

In step S50, the tool body is ground in the thickness direction by a grinder, thereby forming a micro-saw-tooth structure at the cutting edge portion. Wherein the height of the teeth of the micro saw tooth structure was 100 μm and the width was 100 μm, thereby manufacturing the cutter of example 2.

Example 3

A cutter of example 3 was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that a cutter base was made of 3Cr13 stainless steel instead of 4Cr13 stainless steel.

Example 4

A tool of example 4 was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that a tool base was made of 5Cr15MoV stainless steel instead of 4Cr13 stainless steel.

Example 5

A tool of example 5 was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that a tool base was made of 6Cr13MoV stainless steel instead of 4Cr13 stainless steel.

Example 6

A tool of example 6 was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that a tool base was made of 7Cr17MoV stainless steel instead of 4Cr13 stainless steel.

Example 7

A cutter of example 7 was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that a cutter base was made of 102Cr17MoV stainless steel instead of 4Cr13 stainless steel.

Example 8

A tool of example 8 was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that a tool base was made of carbon steel having a carbon content of 1% instead of 4Cr13 stainless steel.

Example 9

A cutter of example 9 was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that the cermet composite material consisted of 20% titanium carbide, 20% niobium carbide and 40% metal.

Example 10

A cutter of example 10 was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that the cermet composite material consisted of 18% titanium carbide, 18% niobium carbide and 46% metal.

Comparative example 1

3Cr13 stainless steel blade having an average thickness of 1mm at the blade edge portion.

Comparative example 2

4Cr13 stainless steel blade having a cutting edge portion with an average thickness of 1 mm.

Comparative example 3

5Cr15MoV stainless steel blade having a cutting edge portion with an average thickness of 1 mm.

Comparative example 4

6Cr13MoV stainless steel blade having a cutting edge portion with an average thickness of 1 mm.

Comparative example 5

7Cr17MoV stainless steel blade having an average thickness of 1mm at the edge portion.

Comparative example 6

102Cr17MoV stainless steel blade having a blade edge portion with an average thickness of 1 mm.

Comparative example 7

A carbon steel knife having a blade edge portion with an average thickness of 1 mm.

It should be noted that the plasma spraying parameters were the same in examples 1 to 10.

Performance index testing

The thicknesses of the edge portions of the cutting tools in examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 7 were the same, and performance index tests were respectively performed thereon, and the test results are reported in table 1 below. The performance test method comprises the following steps:

(1) Initial sharpness: refer to GBT 40356-2021 kitchen knife tool for testing sharpness. The larger the value of sharpness, the better the initial sharpness, and vice versa the smaller the value of sharpness.

(2) Durable sharpness test method:

the lasting sharpness adopts a simulated tool life test method, and the specific method is described in the following, wherein the larger the value of the lasting sharpness is, the longer the initial sharpness and the lasting sharpness are, and the smaller the value of the lasting sharpness is, the opposite is.

The simulated cutter life testing method specifically comprises the following steps: the cutting edge of the tested cutter is horizontally fixed on the cutter fixing device downwards, and is pressed on the simulator with 16N pressure after a weight is attached. The cutting simulation object (3 mm kraft paper is selected) keeps static, the cutter fixing device is driven through a motor and air pressure to drive the cutter to cut towards the X-axis direction, the speed is 50mm/s reciprocating motion, meanwhile, the Z-axis direction rises, the cutter is displaced 1mm towards the Y-axis direction, the simulation object is molded, the cutting stroke is 100mm, the process is finished after the simulation object is cut for 5 times, and the lasting sharpness of the cutter is judged by adopting an evaluation object (ham sausage). And (4) until the test of the evaluation object is not cut, the test is terminated, and the total cutting times from the beginning to the termination of the test are recorded, namely the durable sharpness of the cutter, wherein the more the total cutting times, the higher the durable sharpness.

TABLE 1 data of the performance tests of the examples of the present application and of the comparative examples

In summary, it can be seen from the above tests that the durable sharpness of the tool of the present application is significantly improved. Simultaneously, guarantee life through the better toughness layer of toughness, guarantee the sharpness through the higher stereoplasm layer of hardness, combine together multiple material just can obtain the lasting sharp cutter that is fit for the crowd and uses. The cutter manufactured according to the application can be sharp for a long time, and is not easy to break or fracture.

Although the embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and alterations to the embodiments of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. It should be understood that such modifications and variations as would occur to those skilled in the art are considered to be within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application as defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A cutting tool, characterized in that the surface of the cutting edge part of the cutting tool is provided with a hard layer and a toughness layer which are alternately distributed along the length direction, wherein the hard layer is formed by a metal ceramic composite material, the metal ceramic composite material is composed of titanium carbide, titanium nitride, niobium carbide and metal, the toughness layer is a base material for manufacturing the cutting tool, and the cutting edge part of the cutting tool has a micro-sawtooth structure along the length direction.

2. The tool according to claim 1, wherein adjacent hard and tough layers are connected to each other, the alternating hard and tough layers being arranged at equal intervals in the length direction.

3. The tool according to claim 1, wherein the length of each hard layer is 100 μm to 200 μm and the thickness of each hard layer is 0.1mm to 0.15mm.

4. A method of manufacturing a tool, characterized in that the method of manufacturing a tool comprises the steps of:

providing a cutter base body;

forming a hard layer and a tough layer alternately distributed in a longitudinal direction on a surface of a cutting edge portion of the tool base;

grinding the cutting edge part with the hard layer and the toughness layer along the thickness direction to obtain the cutter with the cutting edge part with the micro-sawtooth structure formed by the hard layer and the toughness layer which are alternately distributed in the length direction,

the hard layer is formed by a metal ceramic composite material, the metal ceramic composite material is composed of titanium carbide, titanium nitride, niobium carbide and metal, and the toughness layer is a base material for manufacturing the cutter base body.

5. The method of manufacturing a tool according to claim 4, wherein the step of forming the land portion having the surface having the hard layer and the tough layer alternately distributed in the length direction includes:

coating a metal ceramic composite material on the surface of the cutting edge part of the cutter base body, so that the cutting edge part of the cutter base body is provided with a hard layer which is continuously distributed along the length direction; and

polishing the continuously distributed hard layers along the width direction of the cutter base body so that the cutter base body positioned in the cutting edge part is exposed and divides the continuously distributed hard layers into a plurality of parts along the length direction, thereby forming a cutting edge part with the hard layers and the toughness layers alternately distributed in the length direction on the surface,

wherein the particle size of the metal ceramic composite material is 100nm-200nm.

6. The method of manufacturing a cutting tool according to claim 4, wherein the step of forming the land portion having the surface having the hard layer and the tough layer alternately distributed in the longitudinal direction includes:

and shielding the cutting edge part of the cutter base body by using a clamp, and coating a metal ceramic composite material on the surface of the non-shielded cutting edge part, thereby forming the cutting edge part with hard layers and tough layers alternately distributed in the length direction on the surface.

7. The method of claim 4, wherein the titanium carbide is 7-21 wt%, the titanium nitride is 7-21 wt%, the niobium carbide is 7-21 wt%, and the metal is 40-56 wt%, based on the total weight of the cermet composite material.

8. The method of manufacturing a cutting tool according to claim 4, wherein the metal comprises cobalt and nickel, wherein the weight ratio of the cobalt to the nickel is (1-2) to (2-6).

9. The method of claim 4, wherein the hard layer and the tough layer are the same length, and the hard layer has a thickness of 0.1mm to 0.15mm.

10. The method of manufacturing a tool according to claim 4, wherein the base material of which the tool base is made is carbon steel or stainless steel.