CN115461130A - 增加两个反应器所占地的单位面积上的固体、液体和气体之间的反应速率的连续型工艺方法 - Google Patents

增加两个反应器所占地的单位面积上的固体、液体和气体之间的反应速率的连续型工艺方法 Download PDF

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CN115461130A
CN115461130A CN202180031415.3A CN202180031415A CN115461130A CN 115461130 A CN115461130 A CN 115461130A CN 202180031415 A CN202180031415 A CN 202180031415A CN 115461130 A CN115461130 A CN 115461130A
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普拉卡什库玛·那拉斯姆哈默斯
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Pu LakashikumaNalasimuhamosi
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种在两个反应器中的连续型工艺方法，该方法通过在影响反应器中的这种反应的所有其他条件不变时，增大固体、液体、气体之间的表面积界面和增加反应器所占地的单位面积上反应器内固体暴露于液体和气体的时间来增加反应器所占地的单位面积上固体、液体和气体之间的反应速率。

Description

增加两个反应器所占地的单位面积上的固体、液体和气体之 间的反应速率的连续型工艺方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种在两个反应器中的连续型工艺方法，该方法通过在影响反应器中的这种反应的所有其他条件不变时，增大固体、液体、气体之间的表面积界面和增加反应器所占地的单位面积上反应器内固体暴露于液体和气体的时间来增加反应器所占地的单位面积上固体、液体和气体之间的反应速率。
背景技术
US20050180910公开了一种用于捕获含有碱土金属的矿物的燃烧烟道气中所含的CO2和污染物的方法。US 20110070137公开了多种加速风化含碳酸盐矿物材料(AWC)反应器的工艺配置。US5393314公开了一种水平通道、多填充床气体洗涤器。WO2018020005公开了一种用于湿式洗涤器系统的活性炭床。US20050084434公开了用于燃煤燃烧单元的洗涤系统和方法。
发明内容
用于类似目的实现上述现有技术和这里未提及的其他公开的现有技术的目的所需的工业应用和可扩展性将受益于连续型工艺方法，该方法在影响这种反应的所有其他条件不变时，增加反应器所占地的单位面积上的反应速率。
这意味着增大固体、液体、气体之间的表面积界面和增加反应器所占地的单位面积上反应器中固体暴露于液体和气体的时间。这是本发明的主要目的。
本发明有利于许多工业过程，增加了反应器所占地的单位面积上固体、液体和气体之间的化学和物理反应速率。下面描述了应用本发明来同时捕获钢铁厂产生的碱性渣废料的钢铁厂烟道气排放中所含的CO2和污染物的例子。
本发明包括两个构造相同但在第一和第二反应器之间的工艺方法有小的差别的反应器。应用两个反应器克服了碱性渣在碳酸化过程中的与热的、污染的和酸性的烟道气有关的腐蚀问题。它将改善回收热能的使用。它将增加固体、液体、气体与反应器之间的表面积界面，增加固体暴露于液体和气体的时间，并有助于增加第一和第二反应器所占地的单位面积上的反应速率。
提高反应速率所需的热能由接收到第一反应器的热烟道气中所含的热能和两个反应器中发生的碳矿化过程中的放热反应产生的热提供。
附图说明
图1示出了本发明的在两个反应器中的连续型工艺方法，并且解释了对现有技术工业应用所产生的优点。
具体实施方式
图1示出了没有固体移动床的两个反应器(001)和(002)的横截面。两个反应器主要包括安装在增压室(plenum)(004)上的多个穿孔水平移动板(003)。水平移动板一个布置在另一个上方，其间具有空间(005)。每个移动板(003)末端的开口(006)与下面的移动板连通。
图1还示出了具有固体移动床(010)的第一个反应器(001)的横截面。
当反应器运行时，将碎的和粒化的环境固体碱性渣(007)输送到第一反应器(001)并且最上面的移动底板接收固体(007)。
固体形成固体移动床(010)并在最上面的移动板上沿一方向水平行进，然后该固体通过移动板(003)末端的开口(006)落到下一移动板上，下一移动板使接收固体沿与前述方向相反的方向水平移动。
在固体从最后一个移动板离开第一反应器之前，固体的这种行进模式在下面的移动板中重复。
将环境液滴(008)从上方均匀地喷洒在每个固体移动床的整个面积上。
在进入烟囱之前，转移的含有CO2和污染物的热烟道气(009)在最后一个固体移动床上方进入第一反应器(001)，并逆着固体的行进方向逆流流动且与下落的环境液滴(008)交接(interfacing)。
在与热烟道气交接期间，下落的环境液滴捕获颗粒物质，吸收酸性气体和气体中所含的热量且均匀地落在每个固体移动床的整个面积上，通过重力流过滤到固体移动床的底部并离开第一反应器。
气体在最上面的固体移动床上方离开第一反应器之前，当气体行进到第一个反应器(001)的顶部时变得更冷、更清洁且酸性更低。与气体接触的表面光滑、平整且耐腐蚀。喷洒器和管道是耐腐蚀的。当液体在反应过程中过滤通过时，碱性固体移动床吸收液体中所含的酸度。当液体过滤通过固体床时，在固体床中捕获固体颗粒作为残留物。因此，液体在到达穿孔移动板(003)及其部件之前更清洁且酸性更低。
固体污染物作为过滤后的残留物留在离开第一反应器的碳化固体中。
从热烟道气和放热反应中获得能量后，离开第一反应器的固体和液体的温度会更高。
从第一反应器(001)离开的非腐蚀性、更冷和更清洁的气体被分配进入第二反应器(002)中的每个增压室(004)。
从第一反应器排出的固体被转移并进料到第二反应器的顶部，并且最上面的移动穿孔板接收固体。
所形成的固体移动床(010)在所有移动板上方行进，类似于在第一反应器中那样，并离开第二反应器。
增压室中的气体以上升气流均匀地分布在整个水平的移动穿孔板(003)中，然后上升气流过滤通过固体移动床(010)。
固体中所含的热能提高了反应速率。
CO2减少的和清洁的烟道气离开固体移动床的表面。在从放热反应中获得热量后，这种气体的温度将高于环境温度。包含在离开第一反应器(001)的气体中的细液体颗粒被捕获在第二反应器(002)中的固体移动床中。因此，离开第二反应器(002)的更热气体比离开第一反应器(001)的气体更干燥。离开第二反应器(002)的更干燥、比环境温度更高且更清洁的烟道气排放到大气中比目前在钢铁厂中排放到大气中的烟道气更安全。因此，通过将所有烟气转移到第一个反应器(001)中，可以潜在地将从钢铁厂烟囱排放的现有污染降低到接近零的水平。
如果需要或如果发现有利于提高反应速率，则将离开第一反应器(001)的温热液体以液滴从上方喷洒到第二反应器(002)中，如在第一反应器(001)中所做的那样。在上升气流离开固体移动床(010)的表面后，上升气流将与过滤通过固体移动床(010)的液体和与下落的液滴(图中未示出)交接。
通过重力流动的液体到达床的底部并离开第二反应器。
将液体冷却至环境温度，进行处理，中和pH，然后再循环回到第一反应器(001)。
由于膨胀引起的问题，通常包含在钢铁厂矿渣废物中的游离石灰限制了其在混凝土和道路建设中作为骨料的使用。这是渣作为废物被废弃和填埋的主要原因之一。游离石灰稳定在离开第二反应器的碳化渣中的氧化物中，使其成为有价值的、可持续的和高质量的骨料。碳化渣中捕获的污染残留物不会影响质量，因为该污染残留物永久且安全地锁定在使用过的产品中。这是处置从受污染的烟道气中捕获的固体污染物的最安全和最具成本效益的方法。
用于污染消除和许多其他化学过程的固体湿式洗涤器的固定填充床存在固体物质堵塞填充床并在使用期间降低性能和反应速率的固有问题。本发明克服了这个问题，因为它是固体湿式洗涤器的移动填充床。可以当在反应器中影响这种反应的所有其他条件不变时，一致且持续地保持反应器所占地的单位面积的性能改进和反应速率增加。这为无数现有工业应用中提高质量输出和降低生产成本开辟了新的机会。
从已发表的关于碱性渣1.2,3的CO2矿化的研究论文中得知，烟道气中所含的CO2的一部分通过该途径封存。清洁后的烟道气中剩余的CO2可用于增强受保护温室中生长的植物和藻类的光合作用。在碳捕获使用储存(CCUS)项目中使用将降低清洁和冷却烟道气的成本。因此，通过将本发明与温室中的植物、藻类的受保护生长以及CCUS项目相结合，可以将从钢铁厂的现有CO2排放减少至接近零水平。
无需强调，在相关领域具有合理技能的人可以将本发明应用于除污染消除和矿物碳化之外的工艺，以实现固体、液体和气体之间的反应速率的提高。
参考文献
1.Carbon Mineralization by Reaction with Steel-Making Waste:A Review；M H Ibrahim,M H ElNaas et-al-MOPI；24th Feb 2019
2.Electric Arc Furnace Slag as Coarse Recycled Aggregate for ConcreteProduction；Flora Faleschini,Katya Brunelli,Mariano Angelo,Zanini ManueleDabala,Carlo Pellegrino,The Metals and Minerals Society October 2015
3.Investigation on the Effectiveness of Aqueous Carbonated Lime inProducing an Alternative Cementitious Material；Byung-Wan Jo,SumitChakraborty,Ji Sun Choi,and Jun Ho Jo:International Journal of ConcreteStructures,pp15-28 March 2016

Claims (2)

1.在两个反应器中的连续型工艺方法，当操作时在第一反应器中包括
a.输送到反应器顶部的固体在多个穿孔移动板中的每一个上形成移动床，所述多个穿孔移动板安装在增压室上，并且一个布置在另一个之上；
b.所述固体在最上面的移动板上沿一方向水平移动，然后所述固体落到下一移动板上，所述下一移动板使接收的固体沿与前述方向相反的方向水平移动；
c.在固体从最后一个移动板离开所述第一反应器前，在(b)中的固体的这种行进模式在下面的移动板中重复；
d.将液滴从上方均匀地喷洒到每个固体移动床的整个面积上；
e.气体进入最后一个固体移动床上方，并逆着固体的行进方向逆流流动且与下落的液滴交接；
f.与气体交接后的液滴均匀地落在每个固体移动床的整个面积上，通过重力流穿过床过滤到移动床的底部并离开所述第一反应器；
g.从所述第一反应器离开的气体被分配并进入第二反应器的每个增压室；
h.将从所述第一反应器离开的固体转移并进料到所述第二反应器中的顶部穿孔移动板中；
i.所述固体和气体离开所述第二反应器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的连续式工艺方法，在第二反应器中进一步包括：
a.将液滴从上方均匀地喷洒到每个固体移动床的整个面积上；
b.上升气体与每个固体移动床内的逆流流动液体交接；
c.在离开每个固体移动床的表面之后，所述上升气体在离开所述第二反应器之前与下落的液滴交接；
d.在到达固体移动床的底部后，液体将离开所述第二个反应器。
CN202180031415.3A 2020-03-19 2021-03-16 增加两个反应器所占地的单位面积上的固体、液体和气体之间的反应速率的连续型工艺方法 Pending CN115461130A (zh)

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