CN115459620B - Novel power converter - Google Patents

Novel power converter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115459620B
CN115459620B CN202211189254.3A CN202211189254A CN115459620B CN 115459620 B CN115459620 B CN 115459620B CN 202211189254 A CN202211189254 A CN 202211189254A CN 115459620 B CN115459620 B CN 115459620B
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China
Prior art keywords
switch
bridge arm
filter
output end
output terminal
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CN202211189254.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN115459620A (en
Inventor
尹国栋
沈国桥
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Hangzhou Boke Electronics Co ltd
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Hangzhou Boke Electronics Co ltd
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H02M7/53873—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with digital control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/10—Arrangements incorporating converting means for enabling loads to be operated at will from different kinds of power supplies, e.g. from ac or dc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/44—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/157—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with digital control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • H02M3/1586—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel switched with a phase shift, i.e. interleaved

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel power converter, which comprises a single-phase bridge type inverter circuit or a three-phase bridge type inverter circuit, wherein the single-phase bridge type inverter circuit comprises: a direct current bus capacitor; the first switch bridge arm, the second switch bridge arm and the direct current bus capacitor are connected in parallel and connected with the positive end and the negative end of the direct current bus, the midpoint of the first switch bridge arm is connected with the input end of the first filter inductor, and the midpoint of the second switch bridge arm is connected with the input end of the second filter inductor; the input end of one winding is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, the output end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the first filter inductor, the output end of the other winding is connected with the first alternating current output terminal, the input ends of the other windings are connected with the output end of the second filter inductor, the output ends of the other windings are connected with the second alternating current output terminal, the first alternating current output terminal and the second alternating current output terminal are respectively connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the battery pack, and the other electrode is connected with the common terminal. The invention reduces the loss of the switch bridge arm and improves the performance.

Description

Novel power converter
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power converters, in particular to a novel power converter.
Background
A power converter, also called a converter, is a device that converts one form of dc or ac power into another form of power. Common power converter products include rectifiers, inverters, boost dc converters, buck dc converters, and the like, and each product has an application scenario for and applicable to each product. Taking a voltage type single-phase full-bridge inverter as an example, as shown in fig. 1, digital control can be adopted to enable the lower tube of one switch bridge arm to be always on, and the other switch bridge arm works in a pulse width modulation mode, so that the bidirectional direct current converter with the step-up or step-down function can be formed. However, when the common full-bridge inverter is directly converted into the bidirectional direct current converter, the loss of the normally-on switch bridge arm is increased compared with the common bidirectional direct current converter, and obvious disadvantages exist in the number of switch devices and the cost of the converter.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a novel power converter which is used for realizing power conversion with various different functions, reducing the loss of a switch bridge arm, improving the performance of the power converter and reducing the cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a novel power converter comprising a single-phase bridge inverter circuit or a three-phase bridge inverter circuit, the single-phase bridge inverter circuit comprising:
A direct current bus capacitor Cd;
The first switch bridge arm HB1 and the second switch bridge arm HB2 are connected in parallel and connected with the positive and negative ends of the direct current bus, the midpoint of the first switch bridge arm HB1 is connected with the input end of the first filter inductor Lf1, and the midpoint of the second switch bridge arm HB2 is connected with the input end of the second filter inductor Lf 2;
an EMI filter configured with at least three windings, a first ac output terminal L1, a second ac output terminal L2, and at least one common terminal COM, each of the windings being coupled to a magnetic core of the EMI filter, and having the same name end direction and the same number of turns at an input end and an output end of each of the windings;
The input end of one winding is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, the output end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the output end of the other winding is connected with the first alternating current output terminal L1, the input end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, and the output end of the other winding is connected with the second alternating current output terminal L2;
The three-phase bridge inverter circuit includes:
A direct current bus capacitor Cd;
the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2 and the third switch bridge arm HB3, the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2, the third switch bridge arm HB3 and the direct current bus capacitor Cd are connected in parallel and connected with the positive end and the negative end of the direct current bus in a bridging manner, the middle point of the first switch bridge arm HB1 is connected with the input end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the middle point of the second switch bridge arm HB2 is connected with the input end of the second filter inductor Lf2, and the middle point of the third switch bridge arm HB3 is connected with the input end of the third filter inductor Lf 3;
An EMI filter configured with at least four windings, a first ac output terminal L1, a second ac output terminal L2, a third ac output terminal L3, and at least one common terminal COM, each of the windings being coupled to a magnetic core of the EMI filter, and having the same name end direction and the same number of turns at an input end and an output end of each of the windings;
The input end of one winding is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, the output end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the output end of the other winding is connected with the first alternating current output terminal L1, the input end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, the output end of the other winding is connected with the second alternating current output terminal L2, the input end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the third filter inductor Lf3, and the output end of the other winding is connected with the third alternating current output terminal L3.
Further, the single-phase bridge inverter circuit further comprises a controller, wherein at least two sets of control programs are preset in the controller, the controller is connected with the first switch bridge arm HB1 and the second switch bridge arm HB2, and the controller is used for controlling the actions of upper and lower switching tubes in the first switch bridge arm HB1 and the second switch bridge arm HB2 according to the control programs so as to adjust the voltages or currents of the first alternating current output terminal L1 and the second alternating current output terminal L2; in the three-phase bridge inverter circuit, the controller is connected to the first switch leg HB1, the second switch leg HB2, and the third switch leg HB3, and is configured to control the up-down switching transistors in the first switch leg HB1, the second switch leg HB2, and the third switch leg HB3 according to the control programs, so as to adjust the voltages or currents of the first ac output terminal L1, the second ac output terminal L2, and the third ac output terminal L3.
Further, the single-phase bridge inverter circuit further comprises a first filter capacitor C1 and a second filter capacitor C2, one end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected with the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the other end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, one end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected with the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, the other end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, and the first filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2 are alternating current capacitors or direct current capacitors.
Further, the three-phase bridge inverter circuit further comprises a first filter capacitor C1, a second filter capacitor C2 and a third filter capacitor C3, one end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected with the output end of the first filter capacitor Lf1, the other end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, one end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected with the output end of the second filter capacitor Lf2, the other end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, one end of the third filter capacitor C3 is connected with the output end of the third filter capacitor Lf3, the other end of the third filter capacitor C3 is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, and the first filter capacitor C1, the second filter capacitor C2 and the third filter capacitor C3 are alternating current capacitors or direct current capacitors.
Further, the single-phase bridge inverter circuit further includes a first filter capacitor C1 and a second filter capacitor C2, where the first filter capacitor C1 is bridged between the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1 and the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, one end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected to the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the dc bus, the other end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected to the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1 or the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, and the first filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2 are ac capacitors or dc capacitors.
Further, the three-phase bridge inverter circuit further includes a first filter capacitor C1, a second filter capacitor C2, and a third filter capacitor C3, which are respectively connected across any two ends of the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, the output end of the third filter inductor Lf3, and the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the dc bus.
Further, the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2, or the third switch bridge arm HB3 is a two-level switch bridge arm, and a switch in the two-level switch bridge arm is a single switch tube, or a series connection or/and parallel combination of a plurality of switch tubes.
Further, the first switch leg HB1, the second switch leg HB2, or the third switch leg HB3 is a multi-level switch leg.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
On the basis of the original full-bridge inverter, the invention can realize power conversion with various functions by adding a small number of passive elements and at least one common terminal and matching with the controller to adjust the control strategy, thereby boosting or reducing the voltage of the multipath DC-DC converter, reducing the loss of a common switch bridge arm and obviously improving the performance of the power converter; meanwhile, the invention increases the utilization rate of a switching device and the power capacity of equipment during direct current conversion, improves the conversion efficiency, and can further reduce voltage and current ripples and improve the performance of an EMI filter by utilizing multi-path DC-DC staggered parallel operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a prior art voltage type single phase full bridge inverter;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a single-phase bridge inverter circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a three-phase bridge inverter circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an application circuit of a novel power converter according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an application circuit of a three-phase bridge inverter circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an application circuit of a three-phase bridge inverter circuit according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an application circuit of a three-phase bridge inverter circuit according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an application circuit of the novel power converter in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. Wherein like parts are designated by like reference numerals. It should be noted that the words "front", "back", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the words "bottom" and "top", "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
The novel power converter of this embodiment includes a single-phase bridge inverter circuit or a three-phase bridge inverter circuit, as shown in fig. 2, the single-phase bridge inverter circuit includes:
A direct current bus capacitor Cd;
The first switch bridge arm HB1 and the second switch bridge arm HB2, the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2 and the direct current bus capacitor Cd are connected in parallel and connected with the positive and negative ends of the direct current bus, the midpoint of the first switch bridge arm HB1 is connected with the input end of the first filter inductor Lf1, and the midpoint of the second switch bridge arm HB2 is connected with the input end of the second filter inductor Lf 2;
the EMI filter is provided with at least three windings, a first alternating current output terminal L1, a second alternating current output terminal L2 and at least one common terminal COM, wherein each winding is coupled to a magnetic core of the EMI filter, and the same-name ends of the input end and the output end of each winding have the same direction and the same number of turns;
The input end of one winding is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, the output end of the other winding is connected with the common terminal COM, the input end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the output end of the other winding is connected with the first alternating current output terminal L1, the input end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, and the output end of the other winding is connected with the second alternating current output terminal L2;
as shown in fig. 3, the three-phase bridge inverter circuit includes:
A direct current bus capacitor Cd;
The first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2 and the third switch bridge arm HB3, the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2, the third switch bridge arm HB3 and the direct current bus capacitor Cd are connected in parallel and connected with the positive end and the negative end of the direct current bus in a bridging manner, the middle point of the first switch bridge arm HB1 is connected with the input end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the middle point of the second switch bridge arm HB2 is connected with the input end of the second filter inductor Lf2, and the middle point of the third switch bridge arm HB3 is connected with the input end of the third filter inductor Lf 3;
The EMI filter is provided with at least four windings, a first alternating current output terminal L1, a second alternating current output terminal L2, a third alternating current output terminal L3 and at least one common terminal COM, wherein each winding is coupled on a magnetic core of the EMI filter, and the directions of the homonymous ends of the input end and the output end of each winding are the same, and the turns are the same;
The input end of one winding is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, the output end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the output end of the other winding is connected with the first alternating current output terminal L1, the input end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, the output end of the other winding is connected with the second alternating current output terminal L2, the input end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the third filter inductor Lf3, and the output end of the other winding is connected with the third alternating current output terminal L3.
Preferably, the single-phase bridge inverter circuit further comprises a controller, wherein at least two sets of control programs are preset in the controller, the controller is connected with the first switch bridge arm HB1 and the second switch bridge arm HB2, and the controller is used for controlling the actions of upper and lower switching tubes in the first switch bridge arm HB1 and the second switch bridge arm HB2 according to the control programs so as to adjust the voltage or current of the first alternating-current output terminal L1 and the second alternating-current output terminal L2; in the three-phase bridge inverter circuit, a controller is connected to a first switch bridge arm HB1, a second switch bridge arm HB2, and a third switch bridge arm HB3, and is configured to control the operation of upper and lower switching tubes in the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2, and the third switch bridge arm HB3 according to respective control programs, so as to adjust voltages or currents of the first ac output terminal L1, the second ac output terminal L2, and the third ac output terminal L3.
On the basis of the original full-bridge inverter, the invention can realize the switching of various power conversion functions by adding a small number of passive elements and at least one leading-out terminal and matching with the controller to adjust the control strategy, and the invention reduces the number of switching devices of each path of DC-DC converter compared with the common full-bridge inverter, reduces the cost of the converter, reduces the loss of a switching bridge arm and obviously improves the performance of the power converter; meanwhile, the invention increases the utilization rate of a switching device and the power capacity of equipment during direct current conversion, improves the conversion efficiency, and can further reduce voltage and current ripples and improve the performance of an EMI filter by utilizing multi-path DC-DC staggered parallel operation.
The common terminal COM may include a first common terminal COM1 for connecting the positive electrode of the battery pack and a second common terminal COM2 for connecting the negative electrode of the battery pack.
Specifically, in the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the novel power converter is applied to a single-phase bridge inverter circuit, and provides an independent two-way maximum power point tracking DC-DC conversion function for two groups of photovoltaic strings. The first alternating current output terminal L1, the second alternating current output terminal L2 and a common terminal COM are arranged at the port A, two switch bridge arms and a direct current bus capacitor Cd are connected in parallel at the port B, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current bus are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the port B, the first alternating current output terminal L1 and the second alternating current output terminal L2 are respectively connected with the positive electrodes of two groups of photovoltaic strings, the common terminal COM of the port A is connected with the negative electrodes of the two groups of photovoltaic strings, and the common terminal COM of the port A is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus through one winding of an EMI filter inside the novel power converter. Meanwhile, the controller runs a control program and is switched to photovoltaic MPPT control. Compared with the use mode of converting a common inverter into DC-DC, the power capacity of the novel inverter is doubled, and each power switch device connected in series is reduced by half, so that the conduction loss is reduced, and capacitor ripple current and voltage fluctuation at a port B can be obviously reduced through the staggered parallel connection of the same-frequency switches of the two paths of DC-DC, and the cost per watt, the conversion efficiency, the electrical performance and the like are all optimized.
Specifically, in the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the novel power converter applied to the three-phase bridge inverter circuit, the battery pack includes a photovoltaic module, a battery pack string, and a fuel cell.
In the three-phase bridge inverter circuit, a first switch bridge arm HB1, a second switch bridge arm HB2 and a third switch bridge arm HB3 are connected in parallel with a direct current bus capacitor Cd and are connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current bus, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current bus are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a port B, the middle point of each switch bridge arm is respectively connected with the input end of three filter inductors, the output end of each filter inductor is respectively connected with one winding of a common mode filter inductor with four windings, and then the three windings are respectively connected with a first alternating current output terminal L1, a second alternating current output terminal L2 and a third alternating current output terminal L3 of a port A. In addition, one end of a fourth winding of the common mode filter inductor is connected with the negative electrode of the internal direct current bus, and the other end of the fourth winding is connected with the common end of the port A. Outside the novel power converter, the cathodes of the photovoltaic string, the battery string and the fuel cell are connected in parallel with the second common terminal COM2 of the port A, and the anodes of the photovoltaic string, the battery string and the fuel cell are respectively connected to the first alternating current output terminal L1, the second alternating current output terminal L2 and the third alternating current output terminal L3 of the port A. Inside the novel power converter, three filter capacitors are further arranged, one end of each filter capacitor is connected to the negative electrode of the direct current bus in parallel, and the other end of each filter capacitor is connected with the output ends of the three filter inductors respectively.
In this embodiment, the above-described circuit operates on the principle that: the novel power converter, which is originally a three-phase bridge inverter, has three-phase connection terminals at port a. In this embodiment, the novel power converter is converted into DC-DC application, the second common terminal COM2 is used as a common negative return line, the three-phase connection terminals are respectively used as low-voltage side input and output terminals of the three-way voltage boosting or reducing circuit, and the control program is used for independently outputting three-way PWM signals to control the up-down switching tube of each bridge arm to act, so that the photovoltaic module, the battery string and the fuel cell can be properly controlled: the first path of input and output terminal is connected with the positive pole of the photovoltaic string, and the bridge arm switch connected with the positive pole of the photovoltaic string is used for PWM chopping the voltage of the direct current bus, so that the output power of the photovoltaic string connected with the outside is regulated and controlled, and the maximum power tracking control is implemented; the second input/output terminal is connected with the anode of the battery pack, and a second filter inductor Lf2, a second switch bridge arm HB2, a direct current bus capacitor Cd, a direct current bus and the cathode of the battery pack are electrically connected to form a bidirectional buck-boost direct current conversion circuit, and a control program controls the switching action of an upper pipe and a lower pipe of the second switch bridge arm HB2 to realize the charge and discharge regulation function of the battery pack; the third input/output terminal is connected with the anode of the fuel cell, and the bridge arm switch connected with the third input/output terminal is used for PWM chopping the DC bus voltage, so that bridging between the externally connected lower output voltage and the higher DC bus voltage of the fuel cell is realized, and meanwhile, the control of the output current of the fuel cell is also realized.
Specifically, in the third embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, in the system applying the novel power converter of the three-phase bridge inverter circuit, the system further includes a photovoltaic module, a battery string, and a fuel cell, wherein the positive electrode of the dc bus of the novel power converter is connected to the first common terminal COM1 of the port a via the fourth winding of the common mode filter inductance. The first ac output terminal L1, the second ac output terminal L2, and the third ac output terminal L3 are respectively connected to the photovoltaic module, the stack string, and the negative electrode of the fuel cell, and the first common terminal COM1 is connected to the photovoltaic module, the stack string, and the positive electrode of the fuel cell. The working principle is similar to that of the embodiment, and the difference is only that the external power supply or load connected with the port A in the third embodiment has a remarkable improvement of the overall potential relative to the midpoint voltage of the direct current bus.
Specifically, in the fourth embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the system of the novel power converter using the three-phase bridge inverter circuit further includes a photovoltaic module, a battery string, and a fuel cell, wherein the common terminal COM of the novel power converter is provided with two first common terminals COM1 and second common terminals COM2, respectively. Wherein the positive and negative poles of the dc bus are connected to the first common terminal COM1 and the second common terminal COM2 of the port a via the fourth winding and the fifth winding of the common mode filter inductance. The first alternating current output terminal L1 is connected with the cathode of the photovoltaic module, the second alternating current output terminal L2 and the third alternating current output terminal L3 are respectively connected with the battery string and the anode of the fuel cell, the anode of the photovoltaic module is connected with the first common terminal COM1, and the cathode of the battery string and the cathode of the fuel cell are connected with the second common terminal COM2. The working principle is similar to that of the embodiment. Because the novel power converter in the embodiment is provided with two common terminals COM1 and COM2, the connection mode of the anode and the cathode of the external power supply has two different choices, wherein the photovoltaic module adopts a connection mode that the integral potential is close to the anode of the direct current bus, and the battery string and the fuel cell adopt a connection line that the integral potential is close to the cathode of the direct current bus.
Specifically, in the fifth embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the EMI filter may be formed by serially connecting two or more EMI filter inductors in the same winding connection relationship. By connecting the EMI inductors in series, the attenuation force to high-frequency clutter is effectively increased, and the electromagnetic interference signal conducted or radiated to the outside is weaker. In a specific use scene, the attenuation of a single-stage EMI filter inductor to a high-frequency signal of 500kHz and a high-frequency signal of 50MHz are respectively-30 dB and-20 dB, a single-stage series EMI filter inductor is added, the same inductance and magnetic core material are adopted to enable the attenuation of the high-frequency signal of 500kHz and the high-frequency signal of 50MHz to be doubled, respectively-60 dB and-40 dB, or the inductance and the magnetic core material of a second-stage EMI filter inductor are changed, so that the attenuation of the EMI filter to the high-frequency signal of 500kHz and the high-frequency signal of 50MHz to be respectively-50 dB and-45 dB.
Preferably, the single-phase bridge inverter circuit further comprises a first filter capacitor C1 and a second filter capacitor C2, one end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected with the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the other end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, one end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected with the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, and the other end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus.
Specifically, in this embodiment, by setting the first filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2 to bypass and filter the current ripple component output by the first filter inductor Lf1 and the second filter inductor Lf2, respectively, the quality of the output electric energy of the novel converter is improved.
Preferably, the first filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2 are ac capacitors or dc capacitors.
Specifically, in this embodiment, an ac capacitor or a dc capacitor may be flexibly selected as the first filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2 according to a specific usage scenario, which improves the flexibility of use of the present invention.
Preferably, the three-phase bridge inverter circuit further comprises a first filter capacitor C1, a second filter capacitor C2 and a third filter capacitor C3, one end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected with the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the other end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, one end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected with the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, the other end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, one end of the third filter capacitor C3 is connected with the output end of the third filter inductor Lf3, and the other end of the third filter capacitor C3 is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus.
Specifically, in this embodiment, by setting the first filter capacitor C1, the second filter capacitor C2, and the third filter capacitor C3, bypass filtering is performed on the current ripple components output by the first filter inductor Lf1, the second filter inductor Lf2, and the third filter inductor Lf3, so that the quality of the electric energy output by the novel converter is improved.
Preferably, the first filter capacitor C1, the second filter capacitor C2 and the third filter capacitor C3 are ac capacitors or dc capacitors.
Specifically, in this embodiment, an ac capacitor or a dc capacitor may be flexibly selected as the first filter capacitor C1, the second filter capacitor C2, and the third filter capacitor C3 according to a specific usage scenario, which improves the flexibility of use of the present invention.
Preferably, the single-phase bridge inverter circuit further comprises a first filter capacitor C1 and a second filter capacitor C2, the first filter capacitor C1 is bridged between the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1 and the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, one end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected with the positive pole or the negative pole of the direct current bus, the other end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected with the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1 or the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, and the first filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2 are alternating current capacitors or direct current capacitors.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, by disposing the first filter capacitor C1 between the output terminal of the first filter inductor Lf1 and the output terminal of the second filter inductor Lf2, and by disposing the second filter capacitor C2 between the dc bus and the first filter inductor Lf1 or the second filter inductor Lf2, the ripple current bypass filtering between the first filter inductor Lf1 and the second filter inductor Lf2, and the ripple current bypass filtering with the dc bus are realized.
Preferably, the three-phase bridge inverter circuit further includes a first filter capacitor C1, a second filter capacitor C2, and a third filter capacitor C3, which are respectively connected across any two ends of the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, the output end of the third filter inductor Lf3, and the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the dc bus. Therefore, according to the characteristics of each path of input and output, a selective capacitance configuration scheme and a ripple current bypass filtering effect are realized.
Specifically, in this embodiment, by disposing the first filter capacitor C1 between the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1 and the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, disposing the second filter capacitor C2 between the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2 and the output end of the third filter inductor Lf3, and disposing the third filter capacitor C3 between the dc bus and the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the second filter inductor Lf2 or the third filter inductor Lf3, high-frequency ripple current bypass filtering between the dc bus and the three phase lines and bypass filtering of high-frequency ripple current between the three phase lines are realized.
Preferably, the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2 or the third switch bridge arm HB3 is a two-level switch bridge arm, and the switches in the two-level switch bridge arm are single switch tubes or are series connection or/and parallel connection combination of a plurality of switch tubes.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the switches in the two-level switch bridge arm are set to be a combination of series connection and parallel connection of a plurality of switch tubes, so that the voltage and current load on each switch tube can be effectively reduced, and the practical safety of each switch tube is improved.
Preferably, the first, second or third switch leg HB1, HB2 or HB3 is a multi-level switch leg.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the multi-level switch bridge arm is selected to effectively reduce the harmonic content of the output voltage, reduce the switching frequency, reduce the switching stress, and prolong the switching life.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the present invention may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a novel power converter which characterized in that includes single-phase bridge type inverter circuit or three-phase bridge type inverter circuit, single-phase bridge type inverter circuit includes:
A direct current bus capacitor Cd;
The first switch bridge arm HB1 and the second switch bridge arm HB2 are connected in parallel and connected with the positive and negative ends of the direct current bus, the midpoint of the first switch bridge arm HB1 is connected with the input end of the first filter inductor Lf1, and the midpoint of the second switch bridge arm HB2 is connected with the input end of the second filter inductor Lf 2;
an EMI filter configured with at least three windings, a first ac output terminal L1, a second ac output terminal L2, and at least one common terminal COM, each of the windings being coupled to a magnetic core of the EMI filter, and having the same name end direction and the same number of turns at an input end and an output end of each of the windings;
The input end of one winding is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, the output end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the output end of the other winding is connected with the first alternating current output terminal L1, the input end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, and the output end of the other winding is connected with the second alternating current output terminal L2;
The single-phase bridge inverter circuit further comprises a first filter capacitor C1 and a second filter capacitor C2, wherein the first filter capacitor C1 is connected between the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1 and the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2 in a bridging manner, one end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, the other end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected with the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1 or the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, and the first filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2 are alternating current capacitors or direct current capacitors;
The three-phase bridge inverter circuit includes:
A direct current bus capacitor Cd;
the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2 and the third switch bridge arm HB3, the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2, the third switch bridge arm HB3 and the direct current bus capacitor Cd are connected in parallel and connected with the positive end and the negative end of the direct current bus in a bridging manner, the middle point of the first switch bridge arm HB1 is connected with the input end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the middle point of the second switch bridge arm HB2 is connected with the input end of the second filter inductor Lf2, and the middle point of the third switch bridge arm HB3 is connected with the input end of the third filter inductor Lf 3;
An EMI filter configured with at least four windings, a first ac output terminal L1, a second ac output terminal L2, a third ac output terminal L3, and at least one common terminal COM, each of the windings being coupled to a magnetic core of the EMI filter, and having the same name end direction and the same number of turns at an input end and an output end of each of the windings;
The input end of one winding is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, the output end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the output end of the other winding is connected with the first alternating current output terminal L1, the input end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, the output end of the other winding is connected with the second alternating current output terminal L2, the input end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the third filter inductor Lf3, and the output end of the other winding is connected with the third alternating current output terminal L3;
the three-phase bridge inverter circuit further comprises a first filter capacitor C1, a second filter capacitor C2 and a third filter capacitor C3, wherein the first filter capacitor C1, the second filter capacitor C2 and the third filter capacitor C3 are respectively connected between the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2 and any two ends of the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus in a bridging mode.
2. The novel power converter of claim 1, wherein: the controller is used for controlling the actions of upper and lower switching tubes in the first switching bridge arm HB1 and the second switching bridge arm HB2 according to the control programs so as to adjust the voltages or currents of the first alternating current output terminal L1 and the second alternating current output terminal L2; in the three-phase bridge inverter circuit, the controller is connected to the first switch leg HB1, the second switch leg HB2, and the third switch leg HB3, and is configured to control the up-down switching transistors in the first switch leg HB1, the second switch leg HB2, and the third switch leg HB3 according to the control programs, so as to adjust the voltages or currents of the first ac output terminal L1, the second ac output terminal L2, and the third ac output terminal L3.
3. The novel power converter of claim 1, wherein: the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2, or the third switch bridge arm HB3 are two-level switch bridge arms, and the switches in the two-level switch bridge arms are single switch tubes, or are serial connection or/and parallel connection combination of a plurality of switch tubes.
4. The novel power converter of claim 1, wherein: the first switch leg HB1, the second switch leg HB2, or the third switch leg HB3 is a multi-level switch leg.
CN202211189254.3A 2022-09-28 2022-09-28 Novel power converter Active CN115459620B (en)

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