CN115458881A - A Compact Rectangular Waveguide-Circular Waveguide Mode Converter - Google Patents
A Compact Rectangular Waveguide-Circular Waveguide Mode Converter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及微波/毫米波能量传输技术领域，具体涉及一种紧凑型矩形波导-圆波导模式转换器。The invention relates to the technical field of microwave/millimeter wave energy transmission, in particular to a compact rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide mode converter.
背景技术Background technique
在电子系统研发与生产高速发展的今天，矩形波导因其电磁屏蔽性好，损耗低的特性，被广泛应用于电子系统中。圆波导具有色散容量大、功率低、衰减小、尺寸大、加工简单等优点，非常适用于微波毫米波器件。同时，由于圆波导的对称性，相较于其他形状的波导，能更好地适应功率合成领域的性能参数要求。因此为满足各种微波技术场景的需要，矩形波导TE10模-圆波导TE01模的模式转换器被大量使用。Today, with the rapid development of electronic system research and development and production, rectangular waveguides are widely used in electronic systems because of their good electromagnetic shielding and low loss characteristics. The circular waveguide has the advantages of large dispersion capacity, low power, small attenuation, large size, and simple processing, and is very suitable for microwave and millimeter wave devices. At the same time, due to the symmetry of the circular waveguide, compared with waveguides of other shapes, it can better adapt to the performance parameter requirements in the field of power combining. Therefore, in order to meet the needs of various microwave technology scenarios, the mode converter of rectangular waveguide TE 10 mode-circular waveguide TE 01 mode is widely used.
随着现代微波毫米波无线通信系统的快速发展，各种仪器、设备对器件的尺寸、带宽要求越来越苛刻，而现有的矩形波导到圆波导的模式转换器普遍尺寸较大、带宽较窄，无法适应日益增加的小型化应用场景下的使用需求。具有宽带特性的紧凑的矩形波导到圆波导的模式转换器具有广泛的应用场景和重要意义。With the rapid development of modern microwave and millimeter wave wireless communication systems, various instruments and equipment have increasingly stringent requirements on the size and bandwidth of devices, while the existing mode converters from rectangular waveguides to circular waveguides generally have larger sizes and higher bandwidths. Narrow, unable to adapt to the increasing use requirements of miniaturized application scenarios. A compact rectangular waveguide-to-circular waveguide mode converter with broadband properties has a wide range of application scenarios and significance.
发明内容Contents of the invention
鉴于背景技术存在的缺陷，本发明提供了一种紧凑型矩形波导-圆波导模式转换器。它具有尺寸较小，结构紧凑，带宽较宽的特性，同时易于加工，可以解决现有技术中矩形波导到圆波导的模式转换器结构尺寸较大，带宽较窄的问题。In view of the defects in the background technology, the present invention provides a compact rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide mode converter. It has the characteristics of small size, compact structure and wide bandwidth, and is easy to process, and can solve the problem of large structural size and narrow bandwidth of the mode converter from the rectangular waveguide to the circular waveguide in the prior art.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供如下技术方案：In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
如图1所示，一种紧凑型矩形波导-圆波导模式转换器，包括矩形波导端口(1)、二路功分结构1(2)、两个折叠型二路功分结构2(3)、空心金属圆柱(4)、阶梯型模式变换器(5)、圆波导输出端口(6)。As shown in Figure 1, a compact rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide mode converter includes a rectangular waveguide port (1), a two-way power splitting structure 1 (2), and two folded two-way power splitting structures 2 (3) , a hollow metal cylinder (4), a ladder mode converter (5), and a circular waveguide output port (6).
所述二路功分结构1的两面侧壁由对称排布的阶梯型结构构成，有利于减小回波。The two side walls of the two-way
矩形波导端口通过二路公分结构1与两个折叠型二路功分结构2相连接，经过阶梯型模式变换器到圆波导输出端口进行输出，空心金属圆柱位于折叠型二路功分结构中，整体呈现一个紧凑的90°拐角的结构。The rectangular waveguide port is connected to two folded two-way
本发明所提出的一种紧凑型矩形波导-圆波导模式转换器工作原理如下：The working principle of a compact rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide mode converter proposed by the present invention is as follows:
微波信号从矩形波导端口(1)输入后，按TE10模传输，随后能量被二路功分结构1(2)一分为二，再由两个折叠型二路功分结构2(3)分为四路，每路的电磁场均按照TE10模分布，两路折叠型二路功分结构通过空心金属圆柱组合成十字交叉结构，电磁场在其水平截面上按照TE+ 22模分布，最后经过阶梯型模式变换器变换为TE01模，从圆波导输出端口(6)输出。After the microwave signal is input from the rectangular waveguide port (1), it is transmitted according to the TE 10 mode, and then the energy is divided into two by the two-way power division structure 1(2), and then by two folded two-way power division structures 2(3) Divided into four paths, the electromagnetic field of each path is distributed according to the TE 10 mode, and the two folded two-way power division structures are combined into a cross structure through a hollow metal cylinder. The electromagnetic field is distributed according to the TE + 22 mode on its horizontal section, and finally passed through The ladder-type mode converter transforms it into TE 01 mode, which is output from the output port (6) of the circular waveguide.
本发明的优点和显著效果在于：Advantage of the present invention and remarkable effect are:
本发明所提出的一种紧凑型矩形波导-圆波导模式转换器，具有结构紧凑，易于小型化，且方便加工的特点。与传统结构相比，能更好的适应现代微波毫米波无线通信系统对器件尺寸日益苛刻的要求。A compact rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide mode converter proposed by the present invention has the characteristics of compact structure, easy miniaturization, and convenient processing. Compared with the traditional structure, it can better adapt to the increasingly stringent requirements for device size of modern microwave and millimeter wave wireless communication systems.
本发明所提出的一种紧凑型矩形波导-圆波导模式转换器，与现有的矩形波导到圆波导的模式转换器相比有着更宽的带宽，更能面对目前通讯系统发展所提出的宽带的需求。解决了传统矩形波导到圆波导的模式转换器带宽过窄的问题。A compact rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide mode converter proposed by the present invention has a wider bandwidth than the existing rectangular waveguide-to-circular waveguide mode converter, and is more able to face the current communication system development. Broadband needs. The problem of too narrow bandwidth of the mode converter from traditional rectangular waveguide to circular waveguide is solved.
本发明所提出的一种紧凑型矩形波导-圆波导模式转换器，具有结构紧凑、易于加工、带宽宽、平坦度好等优势，主要能运用于各种微波毫米波系统中，在功率分配器、功率合成器等器件组成中有较高的应用价值，在通信、雷达、测控等微波毫米波系统中有广阔的应用前景。A compact rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide mode converter proposed by the present invention has the advantages of compact structure, easy processing, wide bandwidth, good flatness, etc., and can be mainly used in various microwave and millimeter wave systems. It has high application value in the composition of devices such as power combiners and power combiners, and has broad application prospects in microwave and millimeter wave systems such as communications, radar, and measurement and control.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明提出的一种紧凑型矩形波导-圆波导模式转换器示意图；Fig. 1 is a kind of compact rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide mode converter schematic diagram that the present invention proposes;
图2是实施范例中的一种紧凑型矩形波导-圆波导模式转换器的S参数仿真曲线；Fig. 2 is the S parameter simulation curve of a kind of compact rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide mode converter in the implementation example;
附图中标号对应名称为：The names corresponding to the numbers in the drawings are:
(1)波导端口、(2)二路功分结构1、(3)折叠型二路功分结构2、(4)空心金属圆柱、(5)阶梯型模式变换器、(6)圆波导输出端口。(1) Waveguide port, (2) Two-way
具体实施方式detailed description
为了使本发明要解决问题、技术方案和优点更加清晰，使本领域技术人员可通过本书明阐述的内容容易的了解到其优势和特点。下面将通过举例对本发明进行详细说明。In order to make the problems to be solved, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, those skilled in the art can easily understand its advantages and characteristics through the content described in this manual. The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples.
如图1所示为本发明提出的一种紧凑型矩形波导-圆波导模式转换器。选择的工作频段为40-58GHz，则该实例器件包含以下几个结构：As shown in Fig. 1 is a compact rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide mode converter proposed by the present invention. The selected working frequency band is 40-58GHz, then the example device contains the following structures:
一种紧凑型矩形波导-圆波导模式转换器，包括矩形波导端口(1)、二路功分结构1(2)、两个折叠型二路功分结构2(3)、空心金属圆柱(4)、阶梯型模式变换器(5)、圆波导输出端口(6)。A compact rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide mode converter, including a rectangular waveguide port (1), a two-way power splitting structure 1 (2), two folded two-way power splitting structures 2 (3), a hollow metal cylinder (4 ), a ladder mode converter (5), and a circular waveguide output port (6).
矩形波导端口通过二路公分结构1与两个折叠型二路功分结构2相连接，经过阶梯型模式变换器到圆波导输出端口进行输出，空心金属圆柱位于折叠型二路功分结构中，整体呈现一个紧凑的90°拐角的结构。The rectangular waveguide port is connected to two folded two-way
微波信号从矩形波导输入后，按TE10模传输，随后能量被二路功分结构1(2)一分为二，再由两个折叠型二路功分结构2(3)分为四路，每路的电磁场均按照TE10模分布，两路折叠型二路功分结构通过空心金属圆柱合组合成十字交叉结构，电磁场在其水平截面上按照TE+ 22模分布，最后经过阶梯型模式变换器变换为TE01模，从圆波导输出端口(6)输出。After the microwave signal is input from the rectangular waveguide, it is transmitted according to the TE 10 mode, and then the energy is divided into two by the two-way power splitting structure 1(2), and then divided into four by two folded two-way power splitting structures 2(3) , the electromagnetic field of each channel is distributed according to the TE 10 mode, and the two folded two-way power division structures are combined into a cross structure through hollow metal cylinders. The electromagnetic field is distributed according to the TE + 22 mode on its horizontal section, and finally passes through the ladder mode The converter transforms it into TE 01 mode and outputs it from the output port (6) of the circular waveguide.
组合优化之后，横向尺寸约为24mm，纵向尺寸约为17mm，可见尺寸较小，结构紧凑。After combination optimization, the horizontal dimension is about 24mm, and the vertical dimension is about 17mm. It can be seen that the size is small and the structure is compact.
图2为该紧凑型矩形波导-圆波导模式转换器的S参数仿真结果，可以看出在40-58GHz内具有较小的损耗，输入回波损耗优于-20dB。Figure 2 shows the S-parameter simulation results of the compact rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide mode converter. It can be seen that there is a small loss in 40-58GHz, and the input return loss is better than -20dB.
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