CN115456845A - Carbon asset management system and accounting method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a carbon asset management system and an accounting method thereof, which comprise an information acquisition platform, a data calculation platform and a carbon asset management platform; the information acquisition platform is used for estimating carbon assets, acquiring carbon emission boundaries and accounting modes of industries to which enterprises belong, establishing a carbon accounting model and determining a data source; the data acquisition platform is used for acquiring various data related to carbon accounting; the data computing platform is used for performing carbon emission accounting according to the carbon accounting model and the data source, implementing energy consumption optimization control, determining a carbon trading strategy and executing an energy coordination control strategy; the carbon asset management platform is used for comprehensively managing the carbon assets and comprehensively mastering the carbon emission and carbon income conditions. The invention fully considers the accounting boundary, realizes the carbon accounting suitable for industries with different production processes and environments, provides trading decision and energy utilization optimization strategy support, promotes energy conservation and consumption reduction, assists users in obtaining emission reduction assets, and improves the investment profitability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon asset management, in particular to a carbon asset management system and an accounting method thereof.
Background
With the enhancement of awareness of people on the protection of the earth ecological environment, the control of greenhouse gas emission is more and more emphasized in the production of modern industry, and the control of the government on the greenhouse gas emission of enterprises is also increased, however, a large number of enterprises in a city are provided, one enterprise measures the carbon emission amount and then carries out data statistics, and the limit carbon emission amount of each enterprise is redesigned according to the statistical data, so that the method is a very complex and tedious task, the workload is too large, the implementation is difficult, the carbon emission exceeding standard of many enterprises exists, the situation that the government cannot find out in time occurs, the method is not beneficial to the implementation of the relevant policy of controlling the carbon emission amount, and the carbon emission cannot be controlled fundamentally.
How to establish an accounting system suitable for various industries, standardize accounting boundaries, accurately account carbon emission, better attract organizations and individuals to enter a carbon market, effectively manage carbon assets and obtain carbon benefits has important social and economic significance.
The existing carbon emission management system has imperfect accounting boundary, does not consider factors such as renewable energy grid connection, plant carbon sink and the like, partially cannot acquire data through the system or does not take into account an emission source of a metering system, has incomplete and accurate accounting result, and is difficult to generally apply to industries with different production processes and environments. Meanwhile, data of the carbon trading market is not communicated, a carbon trading strategy can not be provided for a user according to a carbon counting result and carbon trading market information, and the enthusiasm of the user for entering the carbon trading market is not high under the condition that carbon benefits can not be obtained. In addition, the system does not include energy-saving means such as energy consumption optimization and energy coordination control of key energy-consuming equipment, energy conservation and consumption reduction cannot be directly promoted, the investment recovery period is shortened while the double-carbon target is responded, and the investment yield is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provides a carbon asset management system and an accounting method thereof, which fully consider an accounting boundary, realize carbon accounting suitable for industries with different production processes and environments, provide trading decision and energy utilization optimization strategy support, promote energy conservation and consumption reduction, assist users in obtaining emission reduction assets and improve investment profitability.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following steps:
a carbon asset management system comprises an information acquisition platform, a data calculation platform and a carbon asset management platform; the information acquisition platform is used for estimating carbon assets, acquiring a carbon emission boundary and an accounting mode of an industry to which an enterprise belongs, establishing a carbon accounting model and determining data sources, wherein the data sources comprise enterprise records, carbon accounting boundary determination, emission source data source determination, actual carbon emission quota, last year carbon quota balance, carbon emission quota limit and next year emission reduction targets; the data acquisition platform is used for acquiring various data related to carbon accounting; the data computing platform is used for carrying out accounting on carbon emission, carbon quota, unit output value carbon emission, unit area carbon emission and per-capita carbon emission according to a carbon accounting model and a data source, measuring and calculating equipment energy efficiency according to an accounting result, implementing energy consumption optimization control, determining a carbon trading strategy and executing an energy coordination control strategy; the carbon asset management platform is used for comprehensively managing carbon assets, comprehensively mastering carbon emission conditions, promoting energy conservation and emission reduction of enterprises through equipment energy consumption optimization, carbon trading strategy suggestions and energy coordination control strategy execution, managing the emission reduction assets, and obtaining carbon benefits, and comprises data monitoring, quota management, carbon emission management, trading management, operation management, energy conservation optimization and abnormal management.
Furthermore, the information acquisition platform is internally provided with carbon accounting models in multiple industries and multiple regions, integrates carbon accounting structures, standards and calculation formulas in different industries and different regions, and matches the carbon accounting models under the condition of the industry and the region to which the enterprise belongs.
The accounting method of the carbon asset management system comprises the following steps:
SS1, enterprise recording, and inputting enterprise information;
the recorded content comprises enterprise basic information, enterprise operation condition information, enterprise energy consumption information and actual carbon emission quota C Fitting for mixing Last year carbon quota balance C Surplus Carbon emission quota limit C Limit of And emission reduction target T of next year Reducing ；
SS2, determining an accounting boundary;
the accounting boundary comprises an operation boundary and a physical boundary, the operation boundary comprises a main production system, an auxiliary production system and an auxiliary production system, and the physical boundary comprises renewable energy grid-connected electric quantity, a road lighting system, plant carbon sink and purchased voluntary emission reduction quantity;
matching the carbon accounting model under the condition of the industry and the region of the enterprise, and if the enterprise accounting boundary is not brought into the accounting model, not performing accounting on the boundary;
SS3, determining a data source of an emission source;
the data source mode comprises the acquisition of a metering appliance, the manual input and the calling of a third-party system API (application program interface) through a WebService mode;
and (4) SS: acquiring emission source data;
the acquired data comprises energy consumption data and renewable energy grid-connected electric quantity; the manually input data comprises the non-collected classified energy consumption data, energy recovery data, initial energy purchase, end energy stock, energy bills and greening area; the data butted with the third-party energy consumption system comprises energy consumption data which is already included in the original metering system; the data interfaced with the carbon trading system comprises enterprise names, contact ways, purchased/sold carbon quotas, information of spot goods and volume of the carbon trading market and CCER real-time prices;
SS5: accounting the carbon emission according to the model and the data source;
and SS6: calculating the annual carbon quota according to the calculation result of the carbon emission; alarming the carbon emission exceeding of enterprises; evaluating the carbon emission achievement rate of the enterprise; tracking the carbon emission condition of each link; analyzing the carbon emission structure and the flow direction; generating a carbon emission report;
and (7) SS: according to the SS6 analysis result, measuring and calculating the energy efficiency of the equipment and implementing energy consumption optimization control; generating a carbon trading strategy; and executing an energy coordination control strategy.
Further, the actual carbon emission quota C in SS1 Fitting for mixing Last year carbon quota balance C Surplus The system is used for calculating the fine generated by the excess production and the excess emission, the income generated by the excess production, the cost of purchasing quota payment and the income generated by selling carbon quota, and assisting in generating a carbon trading strategy; the carbon emission quota limit C Limit of The system is used for alarming the carbon emission exceeding the standard and generating an alarm event when the carbon emission calculated exceeds the carbon emission quota limit set by the system; the next year emission reduction target T Reducing The method is used for measuring and calculating the annual carbon quota.
Further, the carbon emission in SS5 is calculated by C = C Is mainly directly emitted C Indirect discharge of main production +C Auxiliary production direct discharge +C Indirect discharge for auxiliary production +C Subsidiary production ±C Recovering +C Street lamp —C Renewable energy source —C Carbon sink ＝C Accumulated power consumption of working procedure +C Natural gas for process integration +C Gasoline for working procedure accumulation +C Power consumption of substation +C Power consumption of compressed air system +C Electricity consumption of circulating water system +C Electricity consumption of refrigeration system +C Power for office C Dormitory power utilization +C Canteen power supply +C Fill electric pile power consumption ±C Recovering +C Electricity for street lamp —C Photovoltaic power generation grid-connected electric quantity —C Carbon absorption ＝G Cumulative electricity consumption of working procedure EF Electricity +G Natural gas for process integration EF Natural gas +G Gasoline for working procedure accumulation EF Gasoline (gasoline) +G Power consumption of substation EF Electric power +G Power consumption of compressed air system EF Electric power +G Electricity consumption system of circulating water EF Electric power +G Electricity consumption of refrigeration system EF Electric power +G Office power consumption EF Electric power +G Dormitory power utilization EF Electric power +G Canteen power consumption EF Electricity +G Fill electric pile power consumption EF Electricity ±G Recovering steam EF Steam generating device +G Electricity for street lamp EF Electric power —G Photovoltaic power generation grid-connected electric quantity EF Electricity —A Area of afforestation S Coefficient of carbon fixation Wherein, G Accumulated power consumption of working procedure For the cumulative power consumption of all processes, EF Electricity Carbon emission coefficient as electricity; g Natural gas for process integration Cumulative natural gas consumption for all processes, EF Natural gas Is the carbon emission coefficient of natural gas; g Gasoline for working procedure accumulation For the cumulative gasoline consumption of all the processes, EF Gasoline (gasoline) Carbon emission coefficient for gasoline; g Power consumption of substation Is the power consumption of the substation; g Electricity consumption of compressed air system Is the power consumption of the compressed air system; g Electricity consumption of circulating water system The power consumption of the circulating water system; g Electricity consumption of refrigeration system Is the power consumption of the refrigeration system; g Office power consumption Is the power consumption of the office; g Electricity consumption in dormitory Is the dormitory power consumption; g Canteen power consumption The power consumption of the canteen is calculated; g Fill electric pile power consumption The power consumption of the charging pile is calculated; g Recovering steam For the quantity of recovered steam, EF Steam generation The carbon emission coefficient of the steam is accumulated if the recovered steam is recycled, and is deducted if the recovered steam is sold; g Electricity for street lamp Power consumption for road lighting; g Photovoltaic power generation grid-connected electric quantity Grid-connected electric quantity for photovoltaic power generation; a. The Area of afforestation For greening area within the area, S Coefficient of carbon fixation The carbon fixation coefficient.
Further, the calculation formula for calculating the annual carbon quota in SS6 is C Quota for next year ＝C(1—T Reducing )，C Quota for next year Total carbon emission (tCO) for the next year 2 e) (ii) a C is the carbon emission (tCO) of the year 2 e)，T Reducing Is the set emission reduction target (%) of the next year.
Further, the carbon emission report in the SS6 comprises enterprise basic information, enterprise operation condition information, carbon accounting boundaries and an accounting result, wherein the accounting period of the report is year, and the accounting type is CO 2 。
Further, the energy utilization optimization control in the SS7 comprises the steps of calculating the load and the loss of the transformer and dividing an economic operation interval; and issuing control instructions of starting and stopping, switching on and off a water pump/valve, setting frequency, adjusting power, adjusting temperature difference and the like to equipment such as an air conditioner host, an air compressor, a water pump and the like.
Further, the carbon trading strategy in SS7 includes excess emissions, accepting fines; abandoning the excess production, purchasing carbon emission quota without going to the carbon trading market, and accepting fine; purchasing carbon emission quota in a carbon removal trading market; selling carbon emission quota by a carbon removal trading market; and storing the balance of carbon emission and accumulating the balance until the balance is used in the next year.
Further, the energy coordination control strategy in SS7 includes the following: when the output power of the new energy power generation system is greater than the actual load power, the redundant electric energy firstly charges the energy storage system, and if the energy storage system reaches the maximum charge state of the battery, the redundant electric energy is used for surfing the internet; when the output power of the new energy power generation system is smaller than the actual load power, if the electricity price is at the electricity price peak value, when the output power of the energy storage system meets the shortage power between the operation load and the system energy power generation and the charge state of the energy storage system is higher than the minimum charge state of the battery, the energy storage system is subjected to discharge control, and the new energy power generation system is combined to provide electric energy for the load; when the output power of the stored energy does not meet the shortage power of the load and the energy storage system is between the maximum charge state and the minimum charge state of the battery, controlling the energy storage system to discharge, utilizing the new energy to generate power and the energy storage system to supply power, and supplementing the surplus load shortage by a power grid; when the stored energy is lower than the minimum charge state of the battery, controlling the energy storage system to be in a standby state, and providing electric energy for the load by using the new energy to generate electricity and the power grid; if the electricity price is at the electricity price valley value, the new energy is used for generating electricity to provide electric energy for the load; if the load is insufficient, the power grid is reused to provide electric energy for the load; meanwhile, the energy storage system is charged and controlled by utilizing new energy power generation or a power grid until the energy storage system is fully charged; and if the electricity price is in the electricity price average value, controlling the energy storage system to be in a standby state, and providing electric energy for the load by utilizing the new energy to generate electricity and the power grid together.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the method, the accounting boundaries of building, production, energy recovery, road lighting, plant carbon sink, renewable energy grid connection, voluntary emission reduction of carbon transaction and the like are fully considered, the data of the emission source is obtained through the modes of acquisition of a metering device, manual input, butt joint with a third-party system and the like, and an accounting model suitable for the fields of industrial parks, public institutions, high-energy-consumption enterprises, intelligent factories and the like is established;
(2) The carbon trading platform is communicated with the carbon trading platform, carbon trading decision optimization is assisted, a user is assisted to obtain carbon benefits, and institutions and individuals are effectively promoted to enter the carbon market to develop carbon finance;
(3) According to the invention, automatic optimization control is implemented on equipment such as an air conditioner, an air compressor, a water pump and the like, and an energy coordination control strategy is executed by using a new energy power generation and energy storage system, so that users are assisted to obtain emission reduction assets, energy conservation and consumption reduction are promoted, the investment recovery period is shortened while a double-carbon target is responded, and the investment yield is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the technical aspects of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following specific examples are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, but are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the description herein of the positional relationship of the components, such as the component a is located above the component B, is based on the description of the relative positions of the components in the drawings, and is not intended to limit the actual positional relationship of the components.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 depicts a schematic diagram of a carbon asset management system. As shown in the figure, the carbon asset management system comprises an information acquisition platform, a data calculation platform and a carbon asset management platform;
the information acquisition platform is used for estimating carbon assets, acquiring a carbon emission boundary and an accounting mode of an industry to which an enterprise belongs, establishing a carbon accounting model and determining data sources, wherein the data sources comprise enterprise records, carbon accounting boundary determination, emission source data source determination, actual carbon emission quota, last year carbon quota balance, carbon emission quota limit and next year emission reduction targets;
the data acquisition platform is used for acquiring various data related to carbon accounting, the data acquisition mode comprises acquisition of a metering device, manual input, butt joint with a third-party system and the like, and the acquired data comprises energy consumption data such as coal/electricity/water/natural gas/gasoline/diesel oil/steam and the like, energy recovery data such as waste heat/excess pressure/CO 2 and the like, renewable energy grid-connected electric quantity, outsourcing energy consumption data such as energy initial purchase/energy end-of-term inventory/energy bill and the like, greening area and the like;
the data computing platform is used for carrying out accounting on carbon emission, carbon quota, unit output value carbon emission, unit area carbon emission and per-person carbon emission according to the carbon accounting model and the data source, measuring and calculating equipment energy efficiency according to an accounting result, and implementing energy consumption optimization control; determining a carbon trading strategy by combining the carbon trading market information; executing an energy coordination control strategy by using a new energy power generation and energy storage system, wherein the energy coordination control strategy comprises carbon emission accounting, carbon quota accounting, transaction decision generation and optimization strategy formulation;
the carbon asset management platform is used for comprehensively managing the carbon assets and comprehensively mastering the carbon emission condition. Through the execution of equipment energy utilization optimization, carbon trading strategy suggestion and energy coordination control strategy, energy conservation and emission reduction of enterprises are promoted, emission reduction assets are managed, and carbon benefits are obtained, wherein the management comprises data monitoring, quota management, carbon emission management, trading management, operation management, energy conservation optimization and exception management.
The information acquisition platform is internally provided with carbon accounting models of multiple industries and multiple regions, integrates carbon accounting structures, standards and calculation formulas of different industries and different regions, and matches the carbon accounting models with the industries and the regions to which enterprises belong as conditions.
And manually inputting the collected outsourcing energy consumption data to be the sum of the energy purchase quantity and the initial energy stock, and deducting the result of the final energy stock.
Said recycling of energy, if CO is recovered 2 Then deducting CO 2 And the recycling amount is used for deducting the generated energy if the waste heat/residual pressure power generation is carried out, the utilization amount is accumulated if the waste heat/residual pressure power generation is carried out, and the selling amount is deducted if the recycling energy is sold.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 depicts a flow diagram of a method of accounting for a carbon asset management system. As shown in the figure, the accounting method of the carbon asset management system of the present invention includes the following steps:
step SS1: enterprise filing and enterprise information inputting
The recorded content comprises enterprise basic information (enterprise name, industry name, unified social credit code, geographic position, floor area, employee number, organization and management range, legal representatives and contact telephones, carbon asset principals and contact telephones, enterprise profile, production facility information and the like), enterprise management condition information (product name, capacity, production capacity, etc.),Yield, unit product energy consumption, total industrial value, industrial added value, comprehensive energy consumption, total industrial value energy consumption and the like), enterprise consumed energy information (coal/electricity/water/natural gas/gasoline/diesel oil/steam and other various energy time-limited unit price, standard coal conversion coefficient, carbon emission coefficient, fixed carbon coefficient and the like), actual carbon emission quota C Fitting for mixing Last year carbon quota balance C Surplus Carbon emission quota limit C Limit for And emission reduction target T of next year Reducing the weight of 。
Step SS2: determining accounting boundaries (Enterprise emission boundaries)
The accounting boundary comprises an operation boundary and a physical boundary, wherein the operation boundary comprises a main production system (a production line, a working procedure, a working section and the like), an auxiliary production system (a power substation, a compressed air system, a circulating water system, a boiler system, a refrigerating system and the like) and an auxiliary production system (a raw material warehouse, a finished product warehouse, an office, a dormitory, a dining room, a charging area and the like); the physical boundary is renewable energy grid-connected electric quantity, a road lighting system, plant carbon sink and voluntary emission reduction amount of purchase; and matching the carbon calculation model by taking the industry and the region to which the enterprise belongs as conditions. If the enterprise accounting boundary does not include the accounting model, the boundary is not accounted (e.g., if the enterprise production process does not involve a boiler system, then carbon accounting is skipped over the boiler system).
And step SS3: determining an emission source data source
The data source mode comprises the acquisition of a metering appliance, the manual input, the calling of a third-party system API interface through a WebService mode and the like; webService, web service, is a remote invocation technology across programming languages and across operating system platforms,
and step SS4: obtaining emission source data
The acquired data comprises energy consumption data such as coal/electricity/water/natural gas/gasoline/diesel oil/steam and the like and renewable energy grid-connected electric quantity; the manually input data comprises the non-collected classified energy consumption data, energy recovery data such as waste heat/excess pressure/CO 2 and the like, initial energy purchase, energy end stock, energy bills and greening area; the data butted with the third-party energy consumption system comprises energy consumption data which is already included in the original metering system; the data interfaced with the carbon trading system comprises an enterprise name, a contact way, a purchased/sold carbon quota, information of spot goods and volume of a carbon trading market and a CCER real-time price;
step SS5: accounting for carbon emissions from models and data sources
C＝C Operation of +C Physics of physics - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -formula (1)
In the formula (1), C is the total carbon emission (tCO) 2 e) C operation as carbon emissions (tCO) for operation boundary accounting 2 e) C physical carbon emissions (tCO) accounted for by physical boundaries 2 e)；
C Operation of ＝C Production of +C Auxiliary production +C Subsidiary production ±C Recovering - - - - - - - -formula (2)
C Physics of physics ＝C Street lamp —C Renewable energy source —C Carbon sink - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -formula (3)
In the formula (2), C Production of Carbon emission (tCO) generated for various energy consumption of production line/working procedure/working section and the like 2 e) Mainly looking at which level the metering system is accurate; c Auxiliary production Carbon emissions (tCO) generated by various energy consumptions of substations, compressed air systems, circulating water systems, boiler systems, refrigeration systems and the like 2 e) Mainly seeing which auxiliary production systems are used by enterprises; c Subsidiary production Carbon emissions (tCO) generated by power consumption in raw material storehouses, finished product storehouses, offices, dormitories, canteens, charging areas and the like 2 e)；C Recovery of Reduced carbon emissions (tCO) for energy recovery in production processes 2 e) If CO is recovered 2 Then deducting CO 2 The recycling amount is used for deducting the generated energy if the waste heat/residual pressure power generation is carried out, the utilization amount is accumulated if the waste heat/residual pressure power generation is carried out, and the selling amount is deducted if the recycling energy is sold;
in the formula (3), C Street lamp Carbon emissions (tCO) for power consumption of road lighting systems 2 e)；C Renewable energy source Reduced carbon emissions (tCO) for renewable energy power grid 2 e)；C Carbon sink Carbon emissions absorbed for greeningAmount (tCO) 2 e)；
Due to the following:
in the formula (2), the carbon emission types generated by the energy consumption of the main production system and the auxiliary production system comprise direct emission and indirect emission, the emission type of the power consumption belongs to indirect emission, and the emission type of the consumption of natural gas, gasoline and diesel oil belongs to direct emission;
thus:
C operation of ＝C Direct discharge of main production +C Indirect discharge of main production +C Auxiliary production direct discharge +C Indirect discharge for auxiliary production +C Subsidiary production ±C Recovering - - -formula (4)
Suppose that: energy sources used by a certain Shanghai enterprise comprise electricity, water, natural gas and gasoline, and steam is recovered in the production process and sold to other enterprises; the main production system metering system is established to the working procedure level, and the other metering areas cover a substation, a compressed air system, a circulating water system, a refrigeration system, an office, a dormitory and a dining room; enterprises build distributed photovoltaic, charging pile and road lighting systems, green engineering is implemented, the emission reduction target is completed in excess through a series of energy-saving and emission-reduction measures, and the residual carbon quota is sold in the carbon trading market.
Because:
water is not brought into account, electricity belongs to indirect emission, and natural gas and gasoline belong to direct emission;
thus:
C＝C direct discharge of main production +C Indirect discharge of main production +C Auxiliary production direct discharge +C Indirect discharge of auxiliary production +C Subsidiary production —C Recovering +C Street lamp —C Renewable energy source —C Carbon sink ＝C Cumulative electricity consumption of working procedure +C Natural gas for process integration +C Gasoline for working procedure accumulation +C Power consumption of substation +C Power consumption of compressed air system +C Electricity consumption system of circulating water +C Electricity consumption of refrigeration system +C Office power consumption +C Electricity consumption in dormitory +C Canteen power consumption +C Charging pileUsing electricity —C Recovery of +C Electricity for street lamp —C Photovoltaic power generation grid-connected electric quantity —C Carbon absorption ＝G Cumulative electricity consumption of working procedure EF Electricity +G Natural gas for process integration EF Natural gas +G Gasoline for working procedure accumulation EF Gasoline (gasoline) +G Power consumption of substation EF Electric power +G Power consumption of compressed air system EF Electric power +G Electricity consumption system of circulating water EF Electric power +G Electricity consumption of refrigeration system EF Electricity +G Office power consumption EF Electric power +G Dormitory power utilization EF Electric power +G Canteen power consumption EF Electric power +G Fill electric pile power consumption EF Electricity —G Recovering steam EF Steam generating device +G Electricity for street lamp EF Electric power —G Photovoltaic power generation grid-connected electric quantity EF Electric power —A Area of afforestation S Coefficient of carbon fixation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -formula (5)
In the formula (5), G Cumulative electricity consumption of working procedure For the cumulative power consumption (ten thousand kwh) of all the processes, EF Electric power Carbon emission coefficient of electricity (7.035 tCO) 2 Ten thousand kwh); g Natural gas for process integration For the cumulative natural gas consumption of all the processes (ten thousand meters) 3 )，EF Natural gas Carbon emission coefficient of natural gas (21.84 tCO) 2 Ten thousand meters 3 )；G Gasoline for working procedure accumulation Cumulative gasoline consumption (t), EF for all steps Gasoline (R) and its preparation method Carbon emission coefficient for gasoline (3.105 tCO) 2 /t)；G Power consumption of substation Power consumption of a substation (ten thousand kwh); g Power consumption of compressed air system Is the power consumption of the compressed air system (ten thousand kwh); g Electricity consumption system of circulating water The power consumption of a circulating water system (ten thousand kwh); g The refrigeration system uses electricity as The power consumption of the refrigeration system (ten thousand kwh); g Office power consumption Power consumption for offices (ten thousand kwh); g Electricity consumption in dormitory Power consumption as dormitory (ten thousand kwh); g Canteen power supply Power consumption for the canteen (ten thousand kwh); g Fill electric pile power consumption The amount of power consumption (ten thousand kwh) for the charging pile; g Recovering steam For the quantity (t) of steam recovered, EF Steam generating device Carbon emission coefficient as steam (0.373799 tCO) 2 /t)；G Electricity for street lamp Power consumption for road lighting (ten thousand kwh); g Photovoltaic power generation grid-connected electric quantity Grid-connected electric quantity (ten thousand kwh) for photovoltaic power generation; a. The Green area of the plant The green area in an area (hectare), S Coefficient of carbon fixation Is the carbon fixation coefficient (14.5 tCO) 2 Hectare);
in the formula (5), the non-collected outsourcing energy consumption = the energy purchase amount + the initial energy stock-the final energy stock;
step SS6: calculating the next annual carbon quota according to the calculation result of the formula (5); alarming the carbon emission exceeding of enterprises; assessing the carbon emission achievement rate of the enterprise; tracking the carbon emission condition of each link; analyzing the carbon emission structure and the flow direction; generating a carbon emission report;
SS6.1, calculating the annual carbon quota by combining the emission reduction target of the next year;
C quota for next year ＝C(1—T Reducing ) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -formula (6)
In the formula (6), C Quota for next year Total carbon emission (tCO) for the next year 2 e) (ii) a C is the carbon emission (tCO) of the year 2 e) I.e. the result of the calculation of equation (5); t is Reducing (ii) is a set next year emission reduction target (%);
SS6.2, calculated carbon emission intensity: calculating the carbon emission of a unit output value by combining the total industrial output value;
in the formula (7), C High strength Is carbon emission intensity, i.e. carbon emission per unit value of production (tCO) 2 Ten thousand yuan); c is the carbon emission (tCO) of the year 2 e) I.e. the result of the calculation of equation (5); g General (1) The current year total industrial production value (ten thousand yuan) of an enterprise;
SS6.3, calculating carbon emission per unit area: calculating the carbon emission of unit area by combining the occupied area of an enterprise;
in the formula (8), C Area of Is carbon emission per unit area (tCO) 2/ m 2 ) (ii) a C is the carbon emission (tCO) of the year 2 e) I.e. the result of the calculation of equation (5); a. The Area of building Occupied area for enterprise (m) 2 )；
SS6.4, calculation of carbon emissions per capita: calculating the per-capita carbon emission by combining the number of workers in the enterprise;
in the formula (9), C All people Is the carbon-averaged emission of people (tCO) 2 Person); c is the carbon emission (tCO) of the year 2 e) I.e. the result of the calculation of equation (5); e Staff member The number of employees (people) in the enterprise;
SS6.5, alarming the carbon emission of the enterprise exceeds the standard: the carbon emissions accounted for exceed the system-set carbon emission quota limit, i.e., C>C Time limit Generating an alarm event;
SS6.6, assessing the carbon emission achievement rate of the enterprise: calculating the carbon emission achievement rate of each assessment object in the enterprise, and ranking the target achievement rate;
in the formula (10), T Reach the standard Achievement rate (%) for the current year carbon emission; c target is the target carbon emission (tCO) of each assessment subject in the current year 2 e)；C Discharging Actual carbon emission (tCO) for each evaluation subject in the current year 2 e) (ii) a Sorting the calculation results of the formula (10) from large to small;
SS6.7, tracking the carbon emission condition of each link: according to the result generated in the calculation process of the formula (5), the carbon emission conditions of energy sources in the input, distribution, consumption and various links of a production chain are displayed, and the carbon emission structure and the flow direction are analyzed; carbon emission structures include coal, electricity, natural gas, gasoline, diesel, steam, and the like; the carbon emission link comprises each process, a substation, a compressed air system, a circulating water system, carbon, a refrigeration system, an office, a dormitory, a canteen, a street lamp, charging, power generation, plant carbon sink and the like;
SS6.8, generating carbon emission report: generating a carbon emission report according to the calculation result of the formula (5); reporting the accounting period as year; the accounting type is CO2; the report content comprises enterprise basic information (enterprise name, industry name, unified social credit code, geographical position, floor area, staff number, organization and management scope, legal representatives and contact telephones, carbon asset principals and contact telephones, enterprise profile, production facility information and the like), enterprise operation condition information (product name, productivity, yield, unit product energy consumption, total industrial value, industrial added value, comprehensive energy consumption, unit industrial total value energy consumption and the like), carbon accounting boundary (each process, substation, compressed air system, circulating water system carbon, refrigerating system, office, dormitory, canteen, street lamp, charging, power generation, plant carbon sink, carbon trading market and the like) and accounting result;
step SS7: according to the SS6 analysis result, measuring and calculating the energy efficiency of the equipment and implementing energy consumption optimization control; generating a carbon trading strategy; executing an energy coordination control strategy;
SS7.1, calculating the energy efficiency of equipment, and implementing energy consumption optimization control:
the method comprises the steps of calculating the load and the loss of a transformer by collecting power data such as current/voltage/power/active electric energy/power factor/harmonic content of the power transformer and combining nameplate parameters of the transformer, dividing an economic operation interval, evaluating whether the transformer operates economically or not, and providing energy-saving suggestions for adjusting the load, configuring new energy equipment, managing voltage flicker and the like;
the energy efficiency of the equipment is measured and calculated by collecting the operation data such as power consumption, pressure, temperature, flow, liquid level and the like of equipment such as an air conditioner host, an air compressor, a water pump and the like, and control instructions such as starting and stopping, opening and closing the water pump/valve, setting frequency, adjusting power, adjusting temperature difference and the like are issued manually or automatically to optimize the operation parameters of the equipment;
SS7.2, combining the carbon trading market information to generate a carbon trading strategy;
calling an API (application programming interface) of a carbon transaction platform in a WebService mode to acquire carbon transaction data, wherein the data content comprises CCER (China center price), total volume of deals, highest price of deals, total volume of accumulated deals and the like;
determining a carbon trading strategy according to factors such as the balance of the carbon quota in the last year, the market price of the carbon trading, the fine generated by the excess emission due to the excess production, the income generated by the excess production, the cost for purchasing the quota and the income generated by selling the carbon quota;
M penalty for travelling ＝(C-C Fitting for mixing -C Surplus )×P Are all made of X 3- -formula (11)
In the formula (11), M Penalty for travelling Fines (dollars) for excess production leading to excess emissions; c is the carbon emission (tCO) of the year 2 e) I.e. the result of the calculation of equation (5); c Fitting for mixing Actual carbon emission quota (t) for the current year; c Surplus A carbon quota balance (t) for the last year; p Are all made of Average price (yuan/ton) for continuous six months of carbon trading before the current month;
in the formula (12), M Supermally The income (yuan) generated for the excess production of the enterprise; c is the carbon emission (tCO) of the year 2 e) I.e. the result of the calculation of equation (5); c Fitting for mixing Actual carbon emission quota (t) for the current year; c Surplus A carbon quota balance (t) for the last year; c High strength Carbon emission per unit value of production (tCO) 2 Ten thousand yuan);
M buy ＝(C-C Fitting for mixing -C Surplus )×P Carbon (C) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -formula (13)
In the formula (13), M Shopping device Cost (dollars) paid for purchasing carbon credits; c is the carbon emission (tCO) of the year 2 e) I.e. the result of the calculation of equation (5); c Fitting for mixing Actual carbon emission quota (t) for the current year; c Surplus Is the last yearA carbon quota balance (t); p Carbon (C) Trading real-time carbon prices (yuan/ton) for carbon;
M sale ＝(C Fitting for mixing +C Surplus -C)×P Carbon (C) - - - - - - - - - - - - - -formula (14)
In the formula (14), M Sale Revenue (dollars) generated for the sale of carbon credits; c Fitting for mixing Actual carbon emission allowance (t) for the current year; c Surplus A carbon quota balance (t) for the last year; c is the carbon emission (tCO) of the year 2 e) I.e. the result of the calculation of equation (5); p Carbon (C) Trading real-time carbon value (yuan/ton) for carbon;
and SS8, carbon transaction strategy formulation:
if (M) Penalty for travelling +M Shopping device )<M Super-super Selecting excessive emission and accepting fine;
if M is Super-super <M Penalty for paying <M Shopping device If yes, the excess production is selected to be abandoned, the carbon trading market is not sent to buy the carbon emission quota, and the fine is accepted;
if M is Buy <M Penalty for paying Or M Super-super <M Penalty for travelling Selecting a carbon-removing trading market to purchase a carbon emission quota;
if M is Penalty for paying <M Supermally <M Sale Selecting a carbon-removing trading market to sell a carbon emission quota;
if M is Sale <M Supermally <M Penalty for paying If so, accumulating the surplus carbon emission difference to be used in the next year;
SS7.3, executing an energy coordination control strategy by utilizing a new energy power generation and energy storage system:
if the output power of the new energy power generation system is greater than the actual load power, redundant electric energy is used for charging the energy storage system; if the energy storage system reaches the maximum charge state of the battery, the rest power is on line;
if the output power of the new energy power generation system is smaller than the actual load power, the new energy power generation and the energy storage system perform the following coordination control by combining the time-of-use electricity price:
if the electricity price is at the electricity price peak value:
when the output power of the energy storage system meets the shortage power between the operating load and the system energy power generation and the charge state of the energy storage system is higher than the minimum charge state of the battery, performing discharge control on the energy storage system and providing electric energy for the load by combining with the new energy power generation;
when the output power of the stored energy does not meet the shortage power of the load and the energy storage system is between the maximum charge state and the minimum charge state of the battery, controlling the energy storage system to discharge, utilizing the new energy to generate power and the energy storage system to supply power, and supplementing the surplus load shortage by a power grid;
when the stored energy is lower than the minimum charge state of the battery, controlling the energy storage system to be in a standby state, and providing electric energy for the load by using the new energy to generate electricity and the power grid;
if the electricity price is at the electricity price valley:
generating electricity by using new energy to provide electric energy for a load; if the load is insufficient, the power grid is reused to provide electric energy for the load; meanwhile, the energy storage system is charged and controlled by utilizing new energy power generation or a power grid until the energy storage system is fully charged;
if the electricity price is at the electricity price average value:
and controlling the energy storage system to be in a standby state, and providing electric energy for the load by utilizing the new energy power generation and the power grid together.
The above is only a specific application example of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited in any way. The technical solutions formed by using equivalent transformation or equivalent substitution are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A carbon asset management system, characterized by: the system comprises an information acquisition platform, a data calculation platform and a carbon asset management platform; the information acquisition platform is used for estimating carbon assets, acquiring a carbon emission boundary and an accounting mode of an industry to which an enterprise belongs, establishing a carbon accounting model and determining a data source, wherein the data source comprises enterprise records, carbon accounting boundary determination, emission source data source determination, actual carbon emission quota, last-year carbon quota balance, carbon emission quota limitation and next-year emission reduction target; the data acquisition platform is used for acquiring various data related to carbon accounting; the data computing platform is used for carrying out accounting on carbon emission, carbon quota, unit output value carbon emission, unit area carbon emission and per-capita carbon emission according to a carbon accounting model and a data source, measuring and calculating equipment energy efficiency according to an accounting result, implementing energy consumption optimization control, determining a carbon trading strategy and executing an energy coordination control strategy; the carbon asset management platform is used for comprehensively managing carbon assets, comprehensively mastering carbon emission conditions, promoting energy conservation and emission reduction of enterprises through equipment energy consumption optimization, carbon trading strategy suggestions and energy coordination control strategy execution, managing the emission reduction assets, and obtaining carbon benefits, and comprises data monitoring, quota management, carbon emission management, trading management, operation management, energy conservation optimization and abnormal management.
2. A carbon asset management system according to claim 1, wherein: the information acquisition platform is internally provided with carbon accounting models of multiple industries and multiple regions, integrates carbon accounting structures, standards and calculation formulas of different industries and different regions, and matches the carbon accounting models with the industries and the regions to which enterprises belong as conditions.
3. An accounting method for a carbon asset management system according to claim 1, comprising:
SS1, enterprise recording, and inputting enterprise information;
the recorded contents comprise enterprise basic information, enterprise operation condition information, enterprise energy consumption information and actual carbon emission quota C Fitting for mixing Last year carbon quota balance C Surplus Carbon emission quota limit C Limit for And emission reduction target T of next year Reducing ；
SS2, determining an accounting boundary;
the accounting boundary comprises an operation boundary and a physical boundary, the operation boundary comprises a main production system, an auxiliary production system and an auxiliary production system, and the physical boundary comprises renewable energy grid-connected electric quantity, a road lighting system, plant carbon sink and purchased voluntary emission reduction quantity;
matching the carbon accounting model under the condition of the industry and the region of the enterprise, and if the enterprise accounting boundary is not brought into the accounting model, not performing accounting on the boundary;
SS3, determining a data source of an emission source;
the data source mode comprises the acquisition of a metering appliance, the manual input and the calling of a third-party system API (application program interface) through a WebService mode;
and SS4: acquiring emission source data;
the acquired data comprises energy consumption data and renewable energy grid-connected electric quantity; the manually input data comprises the non-collected classified energy consumption data, the energy recovery data, the initial energy purchase, the end energy stock, the energy bill and the greening area; the data butted with the third-party energy consumption system comprises energy consumption data which is already included in the original metering system; the data interfaced with the carbon trading system comprises enterprise names, contact ways, purchased/sold carbon quotas, information of spot goods and volume of the carbon trading market and CCER real-time prices;
and SS5: calculating the carbon emission according to the model and the data source;
and SS6: calculating the annual carbon quota according to the calculation result of the carbon emission; alarming the carbon emission exceeding of enterprises; evaluating the carbon emission achievement rate of the enterprise; tracking the carbon emission condition of each link; analyzing the carbon emission structure and the flow direction; generating a carbon emission report;
and (7) SS: according to the SS6 analysis result, measuring and calculating the energy efficiency of the equipment and implementing energy consumption optimization control; generating a carbon trading strategy; and executing an energy coordination control strategy.
4. The accounting method of a carbon asset management system according to claim 3, wherein: actual carbon emission quota C in SS1 Fitting for mixing Last year carbon quota balance C Surplus The system is used for calculating the fine generated by the excess emission, the income generated by the excess production, the cost of purchasing quota and the income generated by selling the carbon quota, and assisting in generating a carbon trading strategy; the carbon emission quota limit C Limit of When the carbon emission is over the limit, the carbon emission is over the limitGenerating an alarm event; the next year emission reduction target T Reducing And the method is used for measuring and calculating the annual carbon quota.
5. The accounting method of a carbon asset management system according to claim 3, wherein: the carbon emission in SS5 is calculated by the formula C = C Is mainly directly emitted C Indirect discharge of main production +C Auxiliary production direct discharge +C Indirect discharge for auxiliary production +C Subsidiary production ±C Recovering +C Street lamp —C Renewable energy source —C Carbon sink ＝C Accumulated power consumption of working procedure +C Natural gas for process integration +C Gasoline for working procedure accumulation +C Power consumption of substation +C Power consumption of compressed air system +C Electricity consumption system of circulating water +C Electricity for refrigerating system +C Power for office C Dormitory power utilization +C Canteen power supply +C Fill electric pile power consumption ±C Recovering +C Electricity for street lamp —C Photovoltaic power generation grid-connected electric quantity —C Carbon absorption ＝G Accumulated power consumption of working procedure EF Electric power +G Natural gas for process integration EF Natural gas +G Gasoline for working procedure accumulation EF Gasoline (gasoline) +G Power consumption of substation EF Electricity +G Power consumption of compressed air system EF Electricity +G Electricity consumption of circulating water system EF Electric power +G Electricity for refrigerating system EF Electric power +G Office power consumption EF Electricity +G Dormitory power utilization EF Electric power +G Canteen power supply EF Electric power +G Fill electric pile power consumption EF Electric power ±G Recovering steam EF Steam generation +G Electricity for street lamp EF Electric power —G Photovoltaic power generation grid-connected electric quantity EF Electric power —A Area of afforestation S Coefficient of carbon fixation Wherein G is Accumulated power consumption of working procedure For cumulative power consumption of all processes, EF Electric power Carbon emission coefficient as electricity; g Natural gas for process integration Cumulative natural gas consumption for all processes, EF Natural gas Is the carbon emission coefficient of natural gas; g Gasoline for working procedure accumulation For all the proceduresAccumulated gasoline consumption of, EF Gasoline (gasoline) Carbon emission coefficient for gasoline; g Power consumption of substation The power consumption of the substation; g Power consumption of compressed air system Is the power consumption of the compressed air system; g Electricity consumption system of circulating water The power consumption of the circulating water system; g Electricity for refrigerating system Is the power consumption of the refrigeration system; g Office power consumption Is the power consumption of the office; g Dormitory power utilization Is dormitory power consumption; g Canteen power consumption The power consumption of the canteen is calculated; g Fill electric pile power consumption The electric power consumption of the charging pile is calculated; g Recovering steam For the quantity of steam recovered, EF Steam generating device Carbon emission coefficient as steam; g Electricity for street lamp Power consumption for road lighting; g Photovoltaic power generation grid-connected electric quantity Grid-connected electric quantity for photovoltaic power generation; a. The Area of afforestation For greening area within the area, S Coefficient of carbon fixation The carbon fixation coefficient.
6. The accounting method of a carbon asset management system according to claim 3, wherein: the calculation formula for measuring and calculating the annual carbon quota in SS6 is C Quota for next year ＝C(1—T Reducing )，C Quota for next year Total carbon emission (tCO) for the next year 2 e) (ii) a C is the carbon emission (tCO) of the year 2 e），T Reducing Is set as the next year emission reduction target (%).
7. The accounting method of a carbon asset management system according to claim 3, wherein: the carbon emission report in the SS6 comprises enterprise basic information, enterprise operation condition information, carbon accounting boundary and accounting result, the accounting period is year, and the accounting type is CO 2 。
8. The accounting method of a carbon asset management system according to claim 3, wherein: the energy consumption optimization control in the SS7 comprises the steps of calculating transformer load and loss and dividing an economic operation interval; and issuing control instructions such as starting and stopping, switching on and off of a water pump/valve, setting frequency, adjusting power, adjusting temperature difference and the like to equipment such as an air conditioner host, an air compressor, a water pump and the like.
9. The accounting method of a carbon asset management system according to claim 3, wherein: the carbon trading strategy in SS7 includes excess emissions, accepting fines; abandoning the excess production, purchasing carbon emission quota without going to the carbon trading market, and accepting fine; purchasing carbon emission quota in a carbon removal trading market; selling carbon emission quota by a carbon removal trading market; and storing the balance of carbon emission and accumulating the balance until the balance is used in the next year.
10. The accounting method of a carbon asset management system according to claim 3, wherein: the energy coordination control strategy in SS7 includes the following: when the output power of the new energy power generation system is greater than the actual load power, the redundant electric energy firstly charges the energy storage system, and if the energy storage system reaches the maximum charge state of the battery, the redundant electricity is on line; when the output power of the new energy power generation system is smaller than the actual load power, if the electricity price is at the electricity price peak value, when the output power of the energy storage system meets the shortage power between the operating load and the system energy power generation and the charge state of the energy storage system is higher than the minimum charge state of the battery, the energy storage system is subjected to discharge control, and the new energy power generation is combined to provide electric energy for the load; when the output power of the stored energy does not meet the shortage power of the load and the energy storage system is between the maximum charge state and the minimum charge state of the battery, controlling the energy storage system to discharge, and supplying power by using new energy to generate power and the energy storage system, wherein the surplus load shortage is supplemented by a power grid; when the stored energy is lower than the minimum charge state of the battery, controlling the energy storage system to be in a standby state, and providing electric energy for the load by using the new energy to generate electricity and the power grid; if the electricity price is at the electricity price valley value, the new energy is used for generating electricity to provide electric energy for the load; if the load is insufficient, the power grid is reused to provide electric energy for the load; meanwhile, the energy storage system is charged and controlled by utilizing new energy power generation or a power grid until the energy storage system is fully charged; and if the electricity price is in the electricity price average value, controlling the energy storage system to be in a standby state, and providing electric energy for the load by utilizing the new energy to generate electricity and the power grid together.
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