CN115452669A - Detection method and circuit of range-adjustable smoke detector - Google Patents

Detection method and circuit of range-adjustable smoke detector Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115452669A
CN115452669A CN202211196719.8A CN202211196719A CN115452669A CN 115452669 A CN115452669 A CN 115452669A CN 202211196719 A CN202211196719 A CN 202211196719A CN 115452669 A CN115452669 A CN 115452669A
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circuit
smoke
operational amplifier
detector
smoke concentration
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牟郁琳
鲁明东
谭业超
刘玉玺
时晓彤
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Yantai Chungway New Energy Technology Co Ltd
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
    • G01N15/075Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by optical means

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Abstract

The invention discloses a detection method of a smoke detector with adjustable range and a circuit thereof.A transmitting circuit emits infrared light, a receiving circuit receives the infrared light scattered by smoke and converts an optical signal into an electric signal, a signal processing circuit provides reference voltage and adjusts and outputs a final electric signal according to the reference voltage, a controller adjusts the range according to the final electric signal and calculates and outputs smoke concentration, thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment of the range of the detector, and solving the technical problems that the range of the detector in the prior art is fixed and can not be adjusted, the range of a smoke alarm response threshold value is limited, and the applicable scene of the smoke detector is limited.

Description

Detection method and circuit of range-adjustable smoke detector
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of smoke detection, in particular to a detection method of a smoke detector and a circuit thereof.
Background
The detection of smoke concentration is usually carried out by using a photoelectric smoke detector based on the principle that light is scattered when encountering smoke particles. Infrared light emitted by an infrared emitter is generally adopted, and when the infrared light irradiates a cluster of smoke particles, the light can generate diffuse reflection, and the reflection can be enhanced along with the increase of the concentration of the smoke particles. The infrared light receiver receives the reflected light and converts the light intensity analog signal into a discrete digital signal which can be recognized and processed by the microprocessor. By running an algorithmic analysis program in the microprocessor, the smoke detector can measure the smoke concentration and when a threshold is reached, the detector will send a fire alarm signal.
However, the range and the maximum smoke concentration that can be detected of the current photoelectric smoke detector are fixed and cannot be adjusted, and the range of the smoke alarm response threshold value is limited, so that the applicable scene of the smoke detector is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a detection method and a detection circuit of a smoke detector with adjustable range.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical measures: a method of detection by a smoke detector, comprising the steps of:
step 1, a response voltage value range Vmin-Vmax of a detector, an initial range 0-T of smoke concentration corresponding to the response voltage range, a resolution K of the detector and a unit smoke concentration variation M are input into a controller in advance, a reference voltage of the smoke detector is divided into N gear levels in advance, and a gear corresponding to the initial range is set to be N 0 Shifting;
step 2, detecting the smoke concentration of the fire by a detector, converting smoke concentration signals into a voltage value V and outputting the voltage value V to a controller, recording the current gear N of a reference voltage by the controller, judging whether the V falls within Vmin-Vmax by the controller, if so, establishing a smoke concentration calculation model, and calculating and outputting the current smoke concentration value; otherwise, judging whether V is larger than or equal to Vmax or V is smaller than or equal to Vmin;
step 3, if V is larger than or equal to Vmax, adding a gear to the gear of the reference voltage, namely N = N +1, detecting the smoke concentration again by the detector and outputting a voltage value V, judging whether V is within Vmin-Vmax by the controller, if so, calculating and outputting the current smoke concentration value according to the smoke concentration calculation model in the step 2, otherwise, repeating the step 3;
step 4, if V is smaller than or equal to Vmin, reducing the gear of the reference voltage by one gear, namely N = N-1, detecting the smoke concentration again by the detector and outputting a voltage value V, judging whether the V is within Vmin-Vmax by the controller, if so, calculating and outputting the current smoke concentration value according to the smoke concentration calculation model in the step 2, otherwise, repeating the step 4;
the smoke concentration calculation model in the step 2 is Y = Q- [ (V) max -V)×K]Wherein, Q is the maximum smoke concentration corresponding to the current gear N, and the calculation model is Q = [ M × (N-N) 0 )]+T。
Further, the increment or decrement of the reference voltage corresponding to each gear position of the reference voltage is the same.
Further, the resolution K is
Figure BDA0003868790960000021
And the resolution ratio is the same under each gear.
Further, the value of M is less than or equal to the value of T.
A circuit of a smoke detector comprises a controller, a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit and a signal processing circuit, wherein the transmitting circuit is used for emitting infrared light, the receiving circuit is used for receiving the infrared light and converting optical signals into electric signals, the signal processing circuit is used for providing reference voltage, adjusting according to the reference voltage and outputting final electric signals, and the controller is used for controlling the transmitting circuit and the signal processing circuit.
The amplifier further comprises an amplifying circuit, wherein the amplifying circuit comprises a first operational amplifier, a first feedback resistor and a first matching resistor, the equidirectional input end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the receiving circuit, the reverse input end of the first operational amplifier is connected with one end of the first matching resistor, the other end of the first matching resistor is grounded, the output end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the adjusting circuit, one end of the first feedback resistor is connected with the reverse input end of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of the first feedback resistor is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier.
Furthermore, the adjusting circuit comprises a second operational amplifier, a second feedback resistor, a second matching resistor, a third matching resistor and a fourth matching resistor, wherein the equidirectional input end of the second operational amplifier is connected with one end of the second matching resistor, the other end of the second matching resistor is connected with the receiving circuit, the equidirectional input end of the second operational amplifier is further connected with one end of the fourth matching resistor, the other end of the fourth matching resistor is grounded, the reverse input end of the second operational amplifier is connected with one end of the third matching resistor, the other end of the third matching resistor is connected with a reference voltage, the output end of the second operational amplifier is connected with the controller, one end of the second feedback resistor is connected with the reverse input end of the second operational amplifier, the other end of the second feedback resistor is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier, the resistance values of the second matching resistor and the third matching resistor are the same, and the resistance values of the second feedback resistor and the fourth matching resistor are the same.
Furthermore, the transmitting circuit comprises an infrared transmitting tube and a triode, one end of the infrared transmitting tube is connected with a power supply voltage, the other end of the infrared transmitting tube is connected with the first end of the triode, the second end of the triode is grounded, and the control end of the triode is connected with the controller.
Further, transmitting circuit includes infrared receiving tube and sampling resistor, mains voltage is connected to the one end of infrared receiving tube, the other end of infrared receiving tube is connected with sampling resistor's one end, sampling resistor's other end ground connection.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the detection method and the circuit of the smoke detector, in the detection process, the dynamic self-adaptive adjustment of the range of the detector is realized by adjusting the gear of the reference voltage, and the problems that the range of the smoke alarm response threshold is limited and the applicable scene of the smoke detector is limited are solved. Moreover, the resolution ratio of the detector in the application is always kept the same as the resolution ratio K of the initial range, the resolution ratio is not reduced while the range is expanded, the detector is always kept at a higher resolution ratio, and the detection precision is high.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the smoke detector circuit.
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the smoke detector circuit.
Figure 3 is a graph of voltage as a function of smoke concentration.
The device comprises a controller 1, a controller 2, an infrared transmitting tube 3, a triode 4, an infrared receiving tube 5, a sampling resistor 6, a first matching resistor 7, a first feedback resistor 8, a first operational amplifier 9, a reference voltage 10, a second matching resistor 11, a third matching resistor 12, a fourth matching resistor 13, a second operational amplifier 14 and a second feedback resistor.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a detection method of a smoke detector includes the steps of:
step 1, a response voltage value range Vmin-Vmax of a detector, an initial range T of smoke concentration corresponding to the response voltage range, a resolution K of the detector and a unit smoke concentration variation M are input in advance in a controller 1, a reference voltage 9 (Vref for short) of the smoke detector is divided into N gear levels in advance, and a gear corresponding to the initial range T is set to be N 0 And (5) shifting. Specifically, the response voltage value range Vmin-Vmax is set according to the operating voltage of the second operational amplifier 13 in the adjustment circuit of the detector circuit. The initial measuring range is a smoke concentration range corresponding to Vmin-Vmax. The unit smoke concentration variation M is determined according to the application scenario of the detector and the required detection precision, for example, if the smoke concentration variation range of the application scenario of the detector is wide and the detection precision requirement is low, the unit smoke concentration variation M may be set to a large value, and if the smoke concentration variation range of the application scenario of the detector is narrow and the detection precision requirement is high, the unit smoke concentration variation M may be set to a small value.And the Vref is used for gear division according to the unit smoke variation M. Specifically, every time Vref is increased by one gear, the range of change of the smoke concentration measured by the detector is M.
Step 2, the detector detects the smoke concentration of the fire, the smoke concentration signal is converted into a voltage value V and output to the controller 1, meanwhile, the controller 1 records the current gear N of Vref, the controller 1 judges whether the V falls within Vmin-Vmax, if yes, the range corresponding to the current gear N can meet the detection of the detector on the current smoke concentration, the controller 1 establishes a smoke concentration calculation model, and the current smoke concentration value is calculated and output; otherwise, judging whether V is more than or equal to Vmax or V is less than or equal to Vmin, wherein the smoke concentration calculation model is Y = Q- [ (V) max -V)×K]Wherein, Q is the maximum smoke concentration in the measuring range corresponding to the current gear N, and the calculation model is Q = [ M × (N-N) 0 )]+T。
And 3, if the V is larger than or equal to Vmax, the fact that the smoke concentration to be detected currently exceeds the maximum value of the range corresponding to the current gear N is shown, the range of the detector needs to be expanded, the gear of the Vref is increased by one gear, namely N = N +1, the detector detects the smoke concentration again and outputs a voltage value V, the controller 1 judges whether the V falls within Vmin-Vmax, if yes, the current smoke concentration value is calculated and output according to the smoke concentration calculation model in the step 2, otherwise, the gear of the Vref is continuously increased and the smoke concentration is detected again, the voltage value V is output and whether the V falls within Vmin-Vmax is judged, and the steps are repeated until the V falls within Vmin-Vmax, and the current smoke concentration value is calculated and output.
And 4, if the V is less than or equal to Vmin, the fact that the smoke concentration to be detected at present is lower than the minimum value of the range corresponding to the current gear N is shown, the range of the detector needs to be reduced, the gear of Vref is reduced by one gear, namely N = N-1, the detector detects the smoke concentration again and outputs a voltage value V, the controller 1 judges whether the V is within the Vmin-Vmax, if yes, the current smoke concentration value is calculated and output according to the smoke concentration calculation model in the step 2, otherwise, the gear of Vref is reduced continuously and the smoke concentration is detected again, the voltage value V is output and whether the V is within the Vmin-Vmax is judged, and the steps are repeated until the V is within the Vmin-Vmax, and the current smoke concentration value is calculated and output.
The increment or decrement of the Vref corresponding to each gear position is the same when the Vref is increased or decreased. The Vref is divided into N gear levels, and the voltage value of the Vref corresponding to each gear level is increased step by step. For example, if N is increased when the shift position is increased 0 The reference voltage 9 corresponding to the level is Vref 0 ,N 0 The reference voltage 9 corresponding to the +1 gear is Vref 1 ,N 0 The reference voltage 9 corresponding to the +2 gear is Vref 2 Then, vref 1 -Vref 0 =Vref 2 -Vref 1 . Specifically, the detector carrying the transmitting circuit, the receiving circuit and the amplifying circuit is placed in the smoke box, the smoke concentration in the smoke box is gradually increased, the controller 1 collects the voltage output by the detector amplifying circuit, the voltage and the smoke concentration are plotted, a voltage and smoke concentration curve is obtained, as shown in fig. 3, it can be seen that the voltage and the smoke concentration are in a direct proportion relation, and the detector in the experiment is provided with the amplifying circuit for the purpose of amplifying the electric signal received by the receiving circuit and converting the optical signal into the electric signal, so that the controller can conveniently obtain the electric signal, and the relation between the voltage and the smoke concentration is not affected. It can be seen that the output voltage of the detector amplifying circuit will increase by Δ V for every M increase in smoke concentration Put And when the detector works, the final voltage V of the detector and the voltage V output by the amplifying circuit Put Proportional to the difference in Vref, so to meet the requirement that the final voltage V is always maintained at Vmin-Vmax, vref is increased or decreased by Δ Vref for each increase or decrease M in smoke concentration. Therefore, when Vref is changed by one shift, the voltage value is changed by the same amount, and the smoke density is changed by the same amount.
The resolution K is
Figure BDA0003868790960000071
And the resolution is the same in each gear. Specifically, the resolution K is a ratio of a concentration difference that can be measured by the range at the current gear to a difference of a voltage value corresponding to the current range, that is, a concentration difference corresponding to a unit voltage value at the current range. Each one of which isUnder each gear, the final voltage of the detector is within Vmin-Vmax, and when each gear is changed, the variation of the smoke concentration is M, and the minimum value and the maximum value in the range corresponding to each gear are changed by M, so that the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in the range corresponding to each gear is not changed, namely T. Therefore, the resolution K is the same for each gear.
The value of M is less than or equal to the value of T. Specifically, the initial range is 0-T, when the smoke concentration is increased by M, the measured concentration range is M-T + M, and the value of M is smaller than T, so that the continuity of the range can be ensured when the detector detects smoke.
A circuit of a smoke detector is a circuit based on a detection method of the smoke detector and comprises a controller 1, a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit and a signal processing circuit, wherein the transmitting circuit is used for emitting infrared light, the receiving circuit is used for receiving the infrared light and converting an optical signal into an electric signal, the signal processing circuit is used for providing Vref, adjusting according to the Vref and outputting a final electric signal, specifically, the signal processing circuit is used for obtaining a difference signal between the electric signal converted by the receiving circuit and the Vref and amplifying the difference signal to obtain the final electric signal of the detector, and the controller 1 is used for controlling the transmitting circuit and the signal processing circuit.
Still include amplifier circuit, amplifier circuit includes first operational amplifier 8, first feedback resistance 7 and first matching resistance 6, the syntropy input of first operational amplifier 8 is connected with receiving circuit, the inverting input of first operational amplifier 8 is connected with the one end of first matching resistance 6, the other end ground connection of first matching resistance 6, the output and the regulating circuit of first operational amplifier 8 are connected, the one end of first feedback resistance 7 is connected with the inverting input of first operational amplifier 8, the other end and the output of first operational amplifier 8 of first feedback resistance 7 are connected.
The adjusting circuit comprises a second operational amplifier 13, a second feedback resistor 14, a second matching resistor 10, a third matching resistor 11 and a fourth matching resistor 12, wherein the equidirectional input end of the second operational amplifier 13 is connected with one end of the second matching resistor 10, the other end of the second matching resistor 10 is connected with the receiving circuit, the equidirectional input end of the second operational amplifier 13 is further connected with one end of the fourth matching resistor 12, the other end of the fourth matching resistor 12 is grounded, the reverse input end of the second operational amplifier 13 is connected with one end of the third matching resistor 11, the other end of the third matching resistor 11 is connected with Vref, the output end of the second operational amplifier 13 is connected with the controller 1, one end of the second feedback resistor 14 is connected with the reverse input end of the second operational amplifier 13, the other end of the second feedback resistor 14 is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier 13, the resistance values of the second matching resistor 10 and the third matching resistor 11 are the same, and the resistance values of the second feedback resistor 14 and the fourth matching resistor 12 are the same. Through the setting of the adjusting circuit and the matching of the resistance values of the second matching resistor 10, the third matching resistor 11, the second feedback resistor 14 and the fourth matching resistor 12, the final voltage of the detector is the product of the difference value between the voltage value output by the receiving circuit (when an amplifying circuit is arranged, the voltage value output by the amplifying circuit) and the voltage value of Vref and the amplification factor, and the amplification factor is the ratio of the resistance values of the second feedback resistor 14 and the third matching resistor 11.
The transmitting circuit comprises an infrared transmitting tube 2 and a triode 3, one end of the infrared transmitting tube 2 is connected with a power supply voltage, the other end of the infrared transmitting tube 2 is connected with a first end of the triode 3, a second end of the triode 3 is grounded, and a control end of the triode 3 is connected with the controller 1.
The transmitting circuit comprises an infrared receiving tube 4 and a sampling resistor 5, wherein one end of the infrared receiving tube 4 is connected with a power supply voltage, the other end of the infrared receiving tube 4 is connected with one end of the sampling resistor 5, and the other end of the sampling resistor 5 is grounded.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (9)

1. A method of detection by a smoke detector, comprising the steps of:
step 1, a response voltage value range Vmin-Vmax of a detector, an initial range 0-T of smoke concentration corresponding to the response voltage range, a resolution K of the detector and a unit smoke concentration variation M are input into a controller in advance, a reference voltage of the smoke detector is divided into N gear levels in advance, and a gear corresponding to the initial range is set to be N 0 A gear;
step 2, detecting the smoke concentration of the fire by a detector, converting smoke concentration signals into a voltage value V and outputting the voltage value V to a controller, recording the current gear N of a reference voltage by the controller, judging whether the V falls within Vmin-Vmax by the controller, if so, establishing a smoke concentration calculation model, and calculating and outputting the current smoke concentration value; otherwise, judging whether V is larger than or equal to Vmax or V is smaller than or equal to Vmin;
step 3, if V is larger than or equal to Vmax, adding a gear to the gear of the reference voltage, namely N = N +1, detecting the smoke concentration again by the detector and outputting a voltage value V, judging whether V is within Vmin-Vmax by the controller, if so, calculating and outputting the current smoke concentration value according to the smoke concentration calculation model in the step 2, otherwise, repeating the step 3;
step 4, if V is smaller than or equal to Vmin, reducing the gear of the reference voltage by one gear, namely N = N-1, detecting the smoke concentration again by the detector and outputting a voltage value V, judging whether the V is within Vmin-Vmax by the controller, if so, calculating and outputting the current smoke concentration value according to the smoke concentration calculation model in the step 2, otherwise, repeating the step 4;
the smoke concentration calculation model in the step 2 is Y = Q- [ (V) max -V)×K]Wherein Q is the maximum smoke concentration corresponding to the current gear N, and the calculation model is Q = [ M × (N-N) 0 )]+T。
2. The method of detecting by a smoke detector as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the increment or decrement of the reference voltage corresponding to each gear position of the reference voltage is the same.
3. The detection method of a smoke detector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the resolution K is
Figure FDA0003868790950000021
And the resolution is the same in each gear.
4. The detection method of a smoke detector according to claim 1, wherein: the value of M is less than or equal to the value of T.
5. A circuit for a smoke detector, comprising: the infrared light receiving device comprises a controller, a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit and a signal processing circuit, wherein the transmitting circuit is used for transmitting infrared light, the receiving circuit is used for receiving the infrared light and converting optical signals into electric signals, the signal processing circuit is used for providing reference voltage, adjusting according to the reference voltage and outputting final electric signals, and the controller is used for controlling the transmitting circuit and the signal processing circuit.
6. The circuit of a smoke detector according to claim 5, wherein: still include amplifier circuit, amplifier circuit includes first operational amplifier, first feedback resistance and first matching resistance, first operational amplifier's syntropy input is connected with receiving circuit, first operational amplifier's reverse input end is connected with first matching resistance's one end, first matching resistance's the other end ground connection, first operational amplifier's output and regulating circuit are connected, first feedback resistance's one end is connected with first operational amplifier's reverse input end, first feedback resistance's the other end is connected with first operational amplifier's output.
7. The circuit of a smoke detector according to claim 5, wherein: the adjusting circuit comprises a second operational amplifier, a second feedback resistor, a second matching resistor, a third matching resistor and a fourth matching resistor, wherein the equidirectional input end of the second operational amplifier is connected with one end of the second matching resistor, the other end of the second matching resistor is connected with the receiving circuit, the equidirectional input end of the second operational amplifier is further connected with one end of the fourth matching resistor, the other end of the fourth matching resistor is grounded, the reverse input end of the second operational amplifier is connected with one end of the third matching resistor, the other end of the third matching resistor is connected with a reference voltage, the output end of the second operational amplifier is connected with the controller, one end of the second feedback resistor is connected with the reverse input end of the second operational amplifier, the other end of the second feedback resistor is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier, the resistance values of the second matching resistor and the third matching resistor are the same, and the resistance values of the second feedback resistor and the fourth matching resistor are the same.
8. The circuit of a smoke detector according to claim 5, wherein: the emitting circuit comprises an infrared emitting tube and a triode, wherein one end of the infrared emitting tube is connected with a power supply voltage, the other end of the infrared emitting tube is connected with the first end of the triode, the second end of the triode is grounded, and the control end of the triode is connected with the controller.
9. The circuit of a smoke detector according to claim 5, wherein: the transmitting circuit comprises an infrared receiving tube and a sampling resistor, wherein one end of the infrared receiving tube is connected with a power supply voltage, the other end of the infrared receiving tube is connected with one end of the sampling resistor, and the other end of the sampling resistor is grounded.
CN202211196719.8A 2022-09-28 2022-09-28 Detection method and circuit of range-adjustable smoke detector Pending CN115452669A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116818661A (en) * 2023-05-22 2023-09-29 深圳市诺安智能股份有限公司 Signal self-adaption method of open-circuit laser gas detector

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116818661A (en) * 2023-05-22 2023-09-29 深圳市诺安智能股份有限公司 Signal self-adaption method of open-circuit laser gas detector

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