CN115451755B - Bullet-based launching device applied to fire-fighting mortar and parameter design method thereof - Google Patents

Bullet-based launching device applied to fire-fighting mortar and parameter design method thereof Download PDF

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CN115451755B
CN115451755B CN202211049416.3A CN202211049416A CN115451755B CN 115451755 B CN115451755 B CN 115451755B CN 202211049416 A CN202211049416 A CN 202211049416A CN 115451755 B CN115451755 B CN 115451755B
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pressure chamber
chamber
pressure
bullet
fire
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CN115451755A (en
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何志一
杨国来
吴清乐
孙全兆
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41F—APPARATUS FOR LAUNCHING PROJECTILES OR MISSILES FROM BARRELS, e.g. CANNONS; LAUNCHERS FOR ROCKETS OR TORPEDOES; HARPOON GUNS
    • F41F1/00—Launching apparatus for projecting projectiles or missiles from barrels, e.g. cannons; Harpoon guns
    • F41F1/06—Mortars
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C19/00—Hand fire-extinguishers in which the extinguishing substance is expelled by an explosion; Exploding containers thrown into the fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation

Abstract

The invention discloses a bullet-based launching device applied to a fire-fighting mortar and a parameter design method thereof, wherein the device comprises a bullet body, a propellant powder, a reverse high-pressure chamber, a primer, a gas leakage hole and a powder chamber; the inverted high-pressure chamber is divided into two chambers with different pressures through a bottom plate, the chamber close to the elastomer is a high-pressure chamber, and the other pressure chamber is a low-pressure chamber; wherein the medicine chamber and the propellant are arranged in the high-pressure chamber; the primer is arranged in a threaded through hole at the bottom of the high-pressure chamber through a thread pair, and is communicated with the medicine chamber and the low-pressure chamber, so that the firing pin at the tail of the gun can strike and trigger the propellant powder in the medicine chamber; the post-flick barrel and the bottom surface of the high-pressure chamber jointly form a low-pressure chamber; the bottom plate is provided with a gas leakage hole, and after the gas leakage hole is launched, the reversely arranged high-pressure chamber and the elastomer are ejected out of the body pipe together. The invention expands the application occasions of the mortar, solves the problem of low overload emission of the mortar, and has higher engineering significance.

Description

Bullet-based launching device applied to fire-fighting mortar and parameter design method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fire protection, in particular to a bullet-based launching device applied to a fire mortar and a parameter design method thereof.
Background
Fire-fighting mortars are used as one of the civil fields, and the projectile is improved on the basis of the traditional mortar structure, so that the fire-fighting mortar can extinguish fire after being thrown and exploded. The sites of use of fire-fighting mortars are mainly urban and forest fire-fighting. In practical application, after the fire-fighting mortar is launched to fire-fighting grenades, the fire scene is required to be reevaluated, at this time, the additional unmanned aerial vehicle system is used to increase the burden of front fire fighting undoubtedly, at this time, if the existing mortar system can be utilized to launch the photoelectric detection element to complete the real-time evaluation of the fire scene so as to guide the front fire fighting, the burden of fire front can be reduced, the fire scene information can be acquired more simply and conveniently, and informationized fire fighting is completed. However, the civil photoelectric element cannot bear high emission overload of the common fire-fighting mortar, and the problem of the emission overload becomes the first difficult problem of the photoelectric detection element for the mortar emission.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bullet-based launching device applied to a fire-fighting mortar and a parameter design method thereof, which realize the compatibility of the mortar and a low-overload launching platform on the premise of not influencing the original mortar structure, and simultaneously reduce the launching overload born by launching special projectile containing photoelectric elements and avoid irreversible damage.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a bullet-based launching device applied to a fire-fighting mortar comprises a bullet body, a propellant, a reverse high-pressure chamber, a primer, a gas leakage hole and a medicine chamber; the inverted high-pressure chamber is divided into two chambers with different pressures through a bottom plate, the chamber close to the elastomer is a high-pressure chamber, and the other pressure chamber is a low-pressure chamber; wherein the medicine chamber and the propellant are arranged in the high-pressure chamber; the primer is arranged in a threaded through hole at the bottom of the high-pressure chamber through a thread pair, and is communicated with the medicine chamber and the low-pressure chamber, so that the firing pin at the tail of the gun can strike and trigger the propellant powder in the medicine chamber; the post-flick barrel and the bottom surface of the high-pressure chamber jointly form a low-pressure chamber; the bottom plate is provided with a gas leakage hole, and after the gas leakage hole is launched, the reversely arranged high-pressure chamber and the elastomer are ejected out of the body pipe together.
Further, the inverted high-pressure chamber and the projectile body are connected by adopting a screw pair, the emitted inverted high-pressure chamber and the projectile body are ejected out of the body pipe together, and the low-overload high-low-pressure emission of the photoelectric detection element is completed while the emission of the conventional fire-fighting mortar ammunition is not influenced;
further, the medicine tube and the emission primer are connected with the reverse high-pressure chamber through a screw pair;
further, the primer is made of high-pressure resistant materials so as to prevent ignition during the screwing.
A method of parameter design for a bullet-based firing device for a fire mortar comprising the steps of:
step 1, determining the maximum overload which can be borne by a special projectile which is launched by a mortar and contains a photoelectric element, and setting initial parameters of a projectile-based launching device structure;
step 2, calculating the combustion rate of the propellant after ignition according to the inner trajectory, and obtaining a pressure change curve of the high-pressure chamber;
step 3, taking a pressure change curve of the high-pressure chamber as a boundary condition, and solving a movement rule of the projectile at the initial stage of the emission and a pressure change rule of an inner cavity of a flow field after the projectile through fluid dynamics numerical simulation;
step 4, judging whether the current bearing capacity meets the maximum overload bearing capacity of the special projectile or not based on the movement rule of the projectile at the initial stage of launching and the pressure change rule of the inner cavity of the flow field after the projectile, and determining the structural parameters of the projectile-based launching device if the current bearing capacity meets the maximum overload bearing capacity of the special projectile; and if the structural parameters of the bullet-based shooting device are not optimized, repeating the steps.
Further, the combustion rate of the propellant after ignition in the step 2 can be expressed as
Figure BDA0003823280650000021
Wherein: z is the relative burning thickness of the powder particles; t is time, U 1 Is a combustion rate constant; delta 1 1/2 of the initial thickness of the powder particles; p (P) 1 Is the high pressure chamber pressure. The high pressure chamber pressure is:
Figure BDA0003823280650000022
wherein: f is the powder strength; omega is the loading; psi is the burnt percentage of gunpowder; ρ p Is powder density; alpha is the residual volume of gunpowder gas; v (V) 0 Is the volume of the high-pressure medicine chamber.
Wherein ψ and Z satisfy:
ψ＝χZ(1+λZ+μZ 2 )
wherein: the choice of χ, λ, μ is related to the shape of the powder, where square powder is chosen, χ, λ, μ are all 1.
Directly entering the low pressure chamber by means of gas flow after the pressure change in the high pressure chamber, wherein the gas mass flow is as follows:
Figure BDA0003823280650000023
wherein: psi phi type 2 Is the flow coefficient; s is S j Is the broken hole area; p (P) 2 Is the pressure of the gas in the low-pressure medicine room. When the gunpowder starts to burn, the pressure difference between the high-pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber is changed, so that the relative flow eta is generated, the movement of the low-pressure chamber pressure pushing system is changed, and the relative flow eta is:
Figure BDA0003823280650000031
the pressures of the high pressure chamber and the low pressure chamber after flow rate generation are respectively:
Figure BDA0003823280650000032
Figure BDA0003823280650000033
wherein: s is the sectional area of the transmitting tube, k is the heat insulation coefficient, v and m are the speed and the mass of special projectile respectively, and ψ 3 Calculate coefficients for the secondary work, L 0 Is the length of the volume constriction of the medicine room: quotient of the initial volume of the low pressure chamber and the cross-sectional area of the emitter tube.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:
(1) The invention adopts the bullet-based low overload emission design, and the inverted high-pressure chamber and the bullet body in the traditional high-low pressure emission are combined into a whole, so that the invention can be suitable for the tube emission of the existing fire-fighting mortar, and the high-low pressure emission can be completed on the premise of not changing the structure of the existing mortar tube and not influencing the conventional ammunition emission;
(2) The invention adopts high-low pressure emission, reduces emission overload, simultaneously makes the rifling curve more saturated than the traditional rifling curve, ensures a certain muzzle initial speed, and is suitable for low overload emission of photoelectric detection elements needing a certain working altitude.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a low overload launcher according to the present invention as applied to a fire mortar platform.
Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional block diagram of the projectile-based launching device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the inverted high-pressure chamber.
Fig. 4 is a half cross-sectional view of the inverted plenum.
Fig. 5 is a high pressure chamber pressure time-varying curve based on an inner trajectory.
Fig. 6 is a time-varying plot of the displacement of the projectile.
Fig. 7 is a time-varying plot of projectile velocity.
Fig. 8 is a time-varying graph of barrel intra-bore pressure.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, a bullet-based launcher for fire-fighting mortar according to the present invention comprises a bullet 1, a propellant 2, a reverse high-pressure chamber 3, a primer 4, a gas leakage hole 5 and a chamber 6. Wherein the medicine chamber 6 and the propellant powder 2 are arranged in the high-pressure chamber 7; the primer 4 is arranged in a threaded through hole 10 at the bottom of the high-pressure chamber through a thread pair, is communicated with the medicine chamber and the low-pressure chamber 8, and can be triggered by the striking pin striking of the tail of the gun to ignite the propellant powder 2 in the medicine chamber 6; the post-bullet tube and the bottom surface of the high-pressure chamber together form a low-pressure chamber 8.
Further, the inverted high-pressure chamber 3 and the projectile body 1 are connected by adopting the thread pair 9, the emitted inverted high-pressure chamber 3 and the projectile body 1 are ejected out of the body pipe together, and the low-overload high-low-pressure emission of the photoelectric detection element is completed while the emission of the conventional fire-fighting mortar ammunition is not influenced.
Further, the medicine chamber 6 and the propellant powder 2 are connected with the reverse high-pressure chamber 3 through a screw pair 10.
Further, the primer 4 which can bear the hearth pressure of a high-pressure chamber of at least 100Mpa and does not leak fuel gas is adopted, so that the structure of the primer 4 is prevented from being damaged after gunpowder deflagration, and the fuel gas is prevented from leaking.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for designing parameters of a bullet-based firing device for a fire mortar, comprising the steps of:
step 1, defining the maximum overload which can be borne by special projectile which is launched by a mortar and contains a photoelectric element, and designing initial parameters of a structure of a projectile-based launching device;
step 2, calculating the combustion rate of the propellant after ignition according to the inner trajectory, and obtaining a pressure change curve of the high-pressure chamber;
and step 3, solving the movement rule of the projectile at the initial stage of the shot launching and the pressure change rule of the inner cavity of the flow field after the projectile through the fluid dynamics numerical simulation.
Step 4, judging whether the current bearing capacity meets the maximum overload bearing capacity of the special projectile or not based on the movement rule of the projectile at the initial stage of launching and the pressure change rule of the inner cavity of the flow field after the projectile, and determining the structural parameters of the projectile-based launching device if the current bearing capacity meets the maximum overload bearing capacity of the special projectile; if the structural parameters of the bullet-based launching device are not optimized and regulated, repeating the steps until the maximum overload borne by the special bullet is met.
Further, in step 2, based on the inner trajectory, the burning rate of the gunpowder can be expressed as
Figure BDA0003823280650000041
Wherein: z is the relative burning thickness of the powder particles; t is time, U 1 Is a combustion rate constant; delta 1 1/2 of the initial thickness of the powder particles; p (P) 1 Is the high pressure chamber pressure. The pressure of the high-pressure chamber is
Figure BDA0003823280650000051
Wherein: f is the powder strength; omega is the loading; psi is the burnt percentage of gunpowder; ρ p Is powder density; alpha is the residual volume of gunpowder gas; v (V) 0 Is the volume of the high-pressure medicine chamber.
Wherein ψ and Z satisfy
ψ＝χZ(1+λZ+μZ 2 )
Wherein: the choice of χ, λ, μ is related to the shape of the powder, where square powder is chosen, χ, λ, μ are all 1.
Directly into the low pressure chamber by means of gas flow after the pressure change in the high pressure chamber, wherein the gas mass flow is
Figure BDA0003823280650000052
Wherein: psi phi type 2 Is the flow coefficient; s is S j Is the broken hole area; p (P) 2 Is the pressure of the gas in the low-pressure medicine room. When the gunpowder starts to burn, the pressure difference between the high pressure chamber and the low pressure chamber is changed, so that the relative flow eta is generated, the movement of the pressure pushing system of the low pressure chamber is changed, wherein the relative flow eta is
Figure BDA0003823280650000053
The pressures of the high pressure chamber and the low pressure chamber after the flow rate is generated are respectively
Figure BDA0003823280650000054
Figure BDA0003823280650000055
Wherein: s is the sectional area of the transmitting tube, k is the heat insulation coefficient, v and m are the speed and the mass of special projectile respectively, and ψ 3 Calculate coefficients for the secondary work, L 0 Is the length of the volume constriction of the medicine room: quotient of the initial volume of the low pressure chamber and the cross-sectional area of the emitter tube.
Further, in step 3, a calculated high-pressure chamber pressure time-varying curve is set on the inner wall of the high-pressure chamber as a boundary condition, the corresponding high-pressure chamber pressure time-varying curve is specifically described in fig. 5, and the movement rule of the initial shot and the change rule of the inner cavity pressure of the flow field after the shot are obtained by utilizing the hydrodynamic numerical simulation, which is specifically shown in fig. 6-8. Compared with the traditional structure, the pill displacement of the inverted high-pressure cavity structure rises faster in the initial stage, and can respond to pressure change faster. The initial displacement of the emission is larger, and the initial displacement is increased from 0.17m to 0.27m by 60 percent. In addition, the velocity profile of the projectile tends to be flatter than in conventional designs due to the presence of a double peak in the low pressure chamber.
It should be pointed out that the known method related to the invention is not tired, for example, the maximum overload, the movement rule of the initial projectile and the change rule of the inner cavity pressure of the flow field after the projectile can be born.
The low overload emission device applied to the fire-fighting mortar provided by the invention realizes the compatibility of the mortar and a low overload emission platform on the premise of not influencing the original mortar structure, reduces the emission overload born by the special projectile containing the photoelectric element during emission, avoids irreversible damage, realizes low overload emission in a form of high-low pressure emission of a bullet base, is simple to realize, and has good overload reduction effect.

Claims (10)

1. The bomb-based launching device for the fire-fighting mortar is characterized by comprising a bomb body (1) and a reverse high-pressure chamber (3) connected with the bomb body (1), wherein the reverse high-pressure chamber (3) is divided into two chambers with different pressures through a bottom plate, the chamber close to the bomb body (1) is a high-pressure chamber (7), and the other pressure chamber is a low-pressure chamber (8); the high-pressure chamber (7) is provided with a medicine chamber (6), the medicine chamber (6) is internally provided with a propellant powder (2), the center of the bottom plate is provided with a through hole (10), the through hole (10) is internally provided with a primer (4), and the medicine chamber (6) is communicated with the low-pressure chamber (8); the bottom plate is provided with a gas leakage hole (5), and after the gas leakage hole is emitted, the reverse high-pressure chamber (3) and the elastomer (1) are ejected out of the barrel together.
2. Bullet-based launcher for fire-fighting mortars according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection between the opposite high-pressure chamber (3) and the bullet (1) is made by means of a screw pair (9), through which the primer (4) is placed in the through hole (10).
3. Bullet-based firing device for fire-fighting mortars according to claim 1, characterized in that the chamber (6) and the propellant powder (2) are connected to the bottom plate inside the counter-pressure chamber (3) by means of screw pairs (10).
4. Bullet-based firing device for fire-fighting mortars according to claim 1, characterized in that a primer (4) is used which withstands the high-pressure chamber of at least 100Mpa and which does not leak gas.
5. A method of designing parameters of a bullet-based firing device for a fire mortar according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
determining the maximum overload which can be borne by the mortar for launching a special projectile containing a photoelectric element, and setting initial parameters of a structure of a projectile-based launching device;
calculating the burning rate of the propellant after ignition according to the inner trajectory, and obtaining a pressure change curve of the high-pressure chamber;
taking the pressure change curve of the high-pressure chamber as a boundary condition, and solving the movement rule of the shot at the initial stage of shot emission and the pressure change rule of the inner cavity of the flow field after the shot through the numerical simulation of fluid dynamics;
judging whether the current bearing capacity meets the maximum overload bearing capacity of the special projectile or not based on the movement rule of the projectile at the initial stage of launching and the pressure change rule of the inner cavity of the flow field after the projectile, and if so, determining the structural parameters of the projectile-based launching device; and if the structural parameters of the bullet-based shooting device are not optimized, repeating the steps.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the firing rate is:
Figure FDA0003823280640000011
wherein: z is the relative burning thickness of the powder particles; t is time, U 1 Is a combustion rate constant; delta 1 1/2 of the initial thickness of the powder particles; p (P) 1 Is the high pressure chamber pressure.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the high pressure chamber pressure is:
Figure FDA0003823280640000021
wherein: f is the powder strength; omega is the loading; psi is the burnt percentage of gunpowder; ρ p Is powder density; alpha is the residual volume of gunpowder gas; v (V) 0 Is the volume of the high-pressure medicine chamber.
8. The method of designing parameters for a bullet-based firing device according to claim 7, wherein the percentage of burnt charge ψ and the relative burning thickness Z of the powder particles satisfy:
ψ＝χZ(1+λZ+μZ 2 )
wherein: χ, λ, μ is a constant related to the shape of the powder.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein χ, λ, μ are each 1 for square powder.
10. The method of claim 5, wherein the structural parameter of the projectile-based launching device is a volume of the plenum.
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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR503902A (en) * 1916-08-30 1920-06-21 Henry Newton Trench mortar
US3505924A (en) * 1967-04-18 1970-04-14 Allied Res Ass Inc Silent mortar
CN2597939Y (en) * 2002-12-30 2004-01-07 曹文通 Improved structure of fire control shell
CN201637345U (en) * 2010-02-10 2010-11-17 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一三研究所 Sectional type gun tube
CN103940302A (en) * 2013-01-18 2014-07-23 滕德选 Remote projecting device with pressure maintaining following tool
CN111013058A (en) * 2019-12-04 2020-04-17 南京理工大学 Electromagnetic ejection type fire extinguishing bomb

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR503902A (en) * 1916-08-30 1920-06-21 Henry Newton Trench mortar
US3505924A (en) * 1967-04-18 1970-04-14 Allied Res Ass Inc Silent mortar
CN2597939Y (en) * 2002-12-30 2004-01-07 曹文通 Improved structure of fire control shell
CN201637345U (en) * 2010-02-10 2010-11-17 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一三研究所 Sectional type gun tube
CN103940302A (en) * 2013-01-18 2014-07-23 滕德选 Remote projecting device with pressure maintaining following tool
CN111013058A (en) * 2019-12-04 2020-04-17 南京理工大学 Electromagnetic ejection type fire extinguishing bomb

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